13 Colonies https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/thir teencolonies/
Create Map of 13 Colonies P.5 lesson 3 supplemental materials
Southern Colonies Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Write down everything in yellow
OBJECTIVES I can describe the reasons for the development of the Southern colonies. Jamestown was in Virginia, part of the Southern Colonies.
Textbook p.217 The area the English called the Southern Colonies was home to the Creek, Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw. Of these Native Americans the Creek were the largest group. All the Creek spoke one language. Each of their villages was independent. Before Europeans arrived the independent Creek villages joined together to form the Creek Confederacy. As a confederacy the Creek were better able to protect their lands. DISCUSS What other Native American group does this remind you of?
General James Oglethorpe Textbook p.217 James Oglethorpe was a wealthy English army general. In 1729 he formed a committee to examine Englandś prisons for debtors. A debtor is a person who owes money. Oglethorpe was shocked by the number of debtors who were locked away in prison. He asked for and received a charter to start a colony for debtors and poor people in North America. Oglethorpe named the new colony that he founded there Georgia after King George II. Discuss: What colony did Oglethorpe found?
Georgia Georgia Colony Founded by General James Oglethorpe England gave another charter to help debtors by paying their passage to the New World A DEBTOR IS A PERSON WHO OWED MONEY and couldn t pay it, they went to debtors prison in England. 1733 - James Oglethorpe and 19 others were given a charter to settle in Georgia. They wanted Georgia to be a buffer between the English colonies and Spanish Florida. To get people to come to Georgia, Oglethorpe paid off the debts of some of the people in debtors prison.
James Oglethorpe Oglethorpe was known for being kind and fair because he helped debtors. Oglethorpe did not allow slavery in Georgia so they started off with small farms and not big plantations. However, this changed over time.
Georgia Read textbook p.218-219 Discuss: Why did Oglethorpe like the location of Georgia? What type of crops did they grow in the Southern Colonies?
In 1752 the King took control of Georgia and made it a Royal Colony. Now slavery was allowed.
Southern Colonies Reasons for founding Geography Influence Economic Activities Push Factors Pull Factors
Southern Colonies Reasons for founding Geography Influence Economic Activities Push Factors Pull Factors Religious freedom Wanted to make a profit To give a second chance to people in debtors prison
Reasons for founding Religious freedom Wanted to make a profit To give a second chance to people in debtors prison Geography Influence Tobacco grows well in the region and it will make a profit. Economic Activities Push Factors Pull Factors
Reasons for founding Religious freedom Wanted to make a profit To give a second chance to people in debtors prison Geography Influence Tobacco grows well in the region and it will make a profit. Economic Activities Growing tobacco, indigo and rice Big plantations and small farms Lumbering in Georgia Push Factors Pull Factors
Reasons for founding Religious freedom Wanted to make a profit To give a second chance to people in debtors prison Geography Influence Tobacco grows well in the region and it will make a profit. Economic Activities Growing tobacco, indigo and rice Big plantations and small farms Lumbering in Georgia Push Factors Can own land People were put in debtors prison Pull Factors Religious freedom Land (can own land and grow crops) Jobs have a better life
Review Questions???? Why did plantations start in the Southern colonies? What was an important export of the Southern colonies? What was the most profitable export of Jamestown? Southern Colonies Review Video
Middle Colonies New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware Write down everything in YELLOW
P.211 Textbook In 1681 King Charles II granted land in the Middle Colonies to William Penn, a Quaker. The Quakers are a religious group whose nickname comes from their belief that people should quake before the power of the Lord. The Quakers had been put in jail because of their religious beliefs. William PEnn hoped to establish a colony where Quakers could practice their religion in freedom. Pennś plans for his colony were based upon the Quaker beliefs. Be plain in clothes, furniture and food. he said. They believed all people should be treated fairly. THey were against slavery and most believed in treating the Native Americans with respect. DISCUSS: What were some of the beliefs of the Quakers? What effects did these beliefs have on the colony of Pennsylvania?
New Netherlands The Dutch founded New Netherlands in 1624. It included New York, Long Island and the land along the Delaware River. The colony was ethnically and religiously diverse. (This means there were many DIFFERENT cultures and religions)
Pennsylvania Founded by William Penn in 1682. Pennsylvania means Pennś Woods. Penn paid the Native Americans for their land. Because of William Penn the Native Americans and Pennsylvania had peace for many years.
Textbook p.212 The Middle Colonies grew rapidly during the 1700ś. Colonists started the new colony of Delaware by settling on land that had also been part of Pennsylvania. Many Europeans moved to the Middle Colonies in hopes of finding a better life. In 1720 about 10,000 colonists lived in Philadelphia (the capital of Pennsylvania). By 1760 the cityś populator had grown to over 22,000, making Philadelphia the largest city in the English colonies.
Textbook p.212 For colonial farmers, the land was very rich in the Middle Colonies. Within several years, hard-working farmers turned the Middle Colonies into the main food growing region in colonial North American. People called the Middle colonies the breadbasket of the colonies. The Middle Colonies were called the breadbasket of the colonies because the land was very fertile and good for growing crops.
Colonists from all over Europe were welcomed in the Middle Colonies. Jewish people from Portugal had begun arriving in the late 1600ś. A large number of Dutch people were already living in the area. Another group of colonists was the Scots-Irish. They were Scottish people who had settled in Northern Ireland before coming to North America. Discuss: What was one thing that made the Middle Colonies so welcoming?
Review Questions???? Which colony was influenced by the Quakers? Why did the Middle Colonies want to settle along the coast? What colony did William Penn found? Why were the Middle Colonies called the Breadbasket? Middle Colonies Review Video
New England Colonies Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire
What do you know about Pilgrims? Discuss at your tables
Why did the colonists come to Jamestown?
Colonists came to Jamestown to get rich! Economic reasons!!
Plymouth Pilgrims The Plymouth Pilgrims did not come to America for economic reasons, they came for religious freedom. Religious freedom means the right to have any religious beliefs you want, or none at all.
In the 1600 s in England, you had to belong to the Church of England, ruled by the King. If you did not follow this religion you were persecuted. One group did not want to follow the Church of England and decided to separate and became known as the Separatists.
The separatists decided to move to America so they could live with other English people, but could still follow their own religion. Religion was a push and pull factor that led the separatists to migrate to North America.
The Virginia Company granted them a charter to make a new settlement in Virginia. Only 40 separatists planned to go. Two ships were chosen, the Mayflower and the Speedwell. Each time they sailed the Speedwell began to lead and they would turn back. Finally, they left on the mayflower alone on September 16, 1620. Many people got sick on the journey. They were very low on food and water. After 66 days at sea they saw land! But it was not the Virginia Colony. They were too far north and landed in the area that is Massachusetts. The Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Massachusetts Colony.
PROBLEM!!! The Pilgrims had one major problem!!! Since they landed in Massachussets (and not Virginia) they were now in an area without a government! They decided to create their own government The Mayflower Compact.
The Mayflower Compact IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents, solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and of one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony: unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. IN WITNESS WHEREOF we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the 11 of November, the year of the reign of our sovereign Lord James; of England, France and Ireland the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Ano Dom. 1620. Is the Mayflower Compact easy to read? What key ideas do you notice in the Mayflower Compact? What ideas did the Pilgrims want to include in their new government?
The Pilgrims began to look for a place to settle. They wanted a place with a safe harbor, fresh water, and good soil. While most people stayed onboard some began to look for a good place. Late in December they found a clearing with old cornfields. This turned out to be an abandoned settlement of the Wampanoag Native Americans. On December 26, 1620 the group went ashore. This was officially the beginning of the Plymouth Colony, which was also known as the Plymouth Plantation.
The First Winter and Spring The first winter at Plymouth was very hard. The weather was cold and there was not enough food. Many people became ill. By spring about one half of the settlers had died. Help came in the spring when an Abenaki Native American named Samoset walked into the settlement. He shocked the group by speaking English to them. He explained that he had learned English from sailors who fished along the coast. He returned to Plymouth with a Wampanoag who spoke English better than he did. He was Tisquantum. The Pilgrims ended up calling him Squanto. Years before Tisquantum had been taken and sold as a slave in Spain. He had later escaped and spent some years in England before returning to his homeland. He stayed with the Plymouth colonists and showed them where to fish and how to plant crops like squash, pumpkins, and corn. Discuss: How did the first winter and spring effect the colonists?
Sequencing Activity (p.13 Supplemental Materials) Lesson 4
Pilgrims & Native Americans The Pilgrims and Wampanoags, under the leadership of their chief, Massasoit, lived in peace during this time. In the fall of 1621, the Pilgrims gathered in their first harvest. It was decided to celebrate the harvest and give thanks for it. A festival was held for three days that included the 53 English colonists and 90 Wampanoag men. It included feasting and what they called at the time recreations. Discuss: What did this festival become known as?
Explain that Thanksgiving became a national holiday in 1863, when President Abraham Lincoln declared the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving and praise.
Anne Hutchinson
Roger Williams
Review Questions???? How did the Pilgrims and the Native Americans get along? What is the Mayflower Compact? Why was it important to write the Mayflower Compact? Why did Anne Hutchinson leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony? Why did Roger Williams found the Rhode Island colony? Which colony is colder...plymouth or Jamestown? Why did the colonists in New England settle closer to each other than the colonists in the Southern colonies? What was the main reasons Pilgrims left England to found the Plymouth Colony? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi17jztszxu&list=pla927c6d70b853e0f
Writing Prompt Write 2 complete paragraphs. What is the Mayflower Compact? Who wrote it? Why was it written? How would life in the Plymouth Colony have been different if the Mayflower Compact was not written (provide 3 examples).
Comparing the 3 Colonial Regions New England Colonies Geographic Economic Cultural / Social P.9 lesson 8 supplemental materials Middle Colonies Southern Colonies
3 part Venn Diagram New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies