Chemistry Chapter 9 Chemical Names & Formulas Notes Name Date Reminders indicate how many atoms of an element are present. o H2O = 2 Hydrogen, 1 Oxygen o CO2 = 1 Carbon, 2 Oxygen Note that subscripts only apply to the letter next to them (unless there are parentheses). Cations (formed by metals) and anions (formed by nonmetals) attract one another and form bonds. Binary Ionic Compounds Binary means a compound contains elements. Ionic compounds are formed between a and a. Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Elements to Formulas Potassium and Fluorine o Identify cation/anion (with charges) o are necessary for transition & other multivalent metals! o Put the symbol first, then the. o Drop & Cross to balance charges. Calcium and Bromine Copper(II) and Oxygen Lithium and Sulfur Mercury(I) and Oxygen Aluminum and Chlorine Lead(IV) and Sulfur Potassium and Sulfur Beryllium and Bromine Cobalt(II) and Phosphorus Tin(IV) and Chlorine
Formulas to Names KF o Write the name of the Uncross to find the Roman numerals with transition & multivalent metals. o Write the name of the anion. Drop the ending Add. CaBr2 Hg2O NaCl CoCl2 AlCl3 K2S CrCl2 Na3P Naming Ternary Ionic Compounds Elements/Polyatomics to Formulas Sodium and Carbonate o Identify cation/anion (with charges) o Identify the polyatomic ion (with charges) o Put the or symbol first, then the or. o Drop & Cross to balance charges. Put polyatomics in ( ) if more than 1. Ammonium and Oxygen Potassium and Nitrate Lead(IV) and Dichromate
Calcium and Hydroxide Lithium and Sulfate Calcium and Permanganate Sodium and Chlorate Magnesium and Phosphate Formulas to Names Na2CO3 o Look for the polyatomic it can be first or second! Uncross to find charge of the polyatomic ion or the Roman numerals with transition & multivalent metals. o Write the name. If the polyatomic is 1 st, end the anion with ide If the polyatomic is 2 nd, cation is written as normal and polyatomic is normal NH4Cl KNO3 Ca(OH)2 Pb(Cr2O7)2 Li2SO4 Ca(MnO4)2 NaClO3 Mg3(PO4)2 All Ionic Practice o NaOH o Beryllium Sulfate o Tin(II) Iodide o Aluminum Cyanide o Zinc Hydroxide o Co3N2 o Ag2SO3 o Mg3P2 o Beryllium Acetate o Fe3N2 o Ga(NO2)3 o Silver Sulfide
Acids Formula to Name o All acids contain 1 or more H atoms. o H will be the first element listed! HCl o If the anion ends with ide (halogens) Acid name begins with Stem of anion ends with End the name by writing : o If polyatomics are present endings become, followed by. : endings become, followed by. : Names to Formulas o H will be the first element listed! List H with a charge. Nitric acid o Identify the anion (halogen or polyatomic) Write the formula with charge o Drop & Cross : Bromic Acid Hydroiodic Acid Carbonous Acid Nitrous Acid All Acid Practice o H2CO3 o Hydroiodic acid o HC2H3O2 o HBr o Chloric acid o H2CO3 o Hydrofluoric acid o H3PO3
Binary Molecular Compounds Binary means a compound contains elements. Molecular compounds are formed between a and a. o Not IONS No Charges! are used to indicate how many atoms of an element are present in the compound. Prefixes to Memorize Prefix Meaning Mono 1 Di 2 Tri 3 Tetra 4 Penta 5 Hexa 6 Hepta 7 Octa 8 Nona 9 Deca 10 Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Formula to Name CO o Confirm that the two elements are nonmetals o Name the 1 st element If only 1 of the 1 st element omit prefix If more than 1 of the 1 st element use prefix o Name the 2 nd element (the more EN element) Always use a prefix Add -ide ending N2O4 SO3 NO NO2
As2O5 PCl3 CCl4 SeF6 Name to Formula Dinitrogen monoxide o Write the symbol for the first element The prefix tells you what to write as a subscript If no prefix, the element symbol will not have a subscript o Write the symbol for the second element The prefix tells you what to write as the subscript Dinitrogen triiodide Diphosphorus pentoxide Dinitrogen monoxide Silicon dioxide Carbon tetrabromide Sulfur dioxide Phosphorus pentabromide Iodine trichloride All Molecular Practice o PCl3 o Diphosphorus trioxide o SF6 o Carbon dioxide o C2H6 o CCl4 o Dichlorine octoxide o N2O