Energy Management for Dummies Reduced Emissions Positive Cash Flow A Sustainable Activity Dick Pearson, P.E., ASHRAE Fellow July 12, 2016
Renewables as an Environmental Solution? 2
Renewable Energy Sources 3
Where Do We Use Energy? 4
Energy Management is the Quickest, Cheapest, Cleanest Way to Extend World Energy Supplies Energy management can provide nearly 2 times the environmental impact of renewable energy 5
6
Global CO 2 Levels Exceed 400 ppm 7
Carbon Emission egrid Regions EnergyStar Carbon Emissions from Building Energy Use EPA.gov 8
AK, WA, WI Comparison Reducing electric usage in WI can have a much greater impact on decreasing CO 2 emissions than similar reduction measures in other parts of the country!! 9
Energy Management 101 Example Management commitment Manual daily meter reading Operational changes only 10
Energy Management 101 The Building 20-Story Office Building: 200,000 ft 2 5 years old, no energy conservation Complex, energy intensive HVAC systems High utility bills No building automation system 11
Energy Management 101 How It Worked Actions by Facility Manager: Reviewed operations ideas with building engineer and design engineer Reviewed daily meter data for impact, intuitively adjusting for weather Harassed/complimented building engineer daily on performance 12
Energy Management 101 How It Worked Actions by Building Engineer Aligned building schedules with occupancy times Raised cold deck temperature Lowered hot deck temperature Outside air was introduced only during occupied hours Reduced duct pressures Savings in one year: 33%! 13
The Management Content of Energy Management www.energystar.gov ENERGY STAR Guidelines describe a management cycle that helps you with Execution getting things done! 14 14
Benchmarking Using ENERGY STAR www.energystar.gov/benchmark 15
Comparative Metrics: The Heart of Benchmarking Is 60 MPG high or low for this automobile? Is 90 kbtu/sf/yr high or low for this building? Fuel Efficiency: MPG Energy Performance Rating: 1 to 100 16
Number of Buildings Energy Intensity of Office Buildings www.energystar.gov 100 75 50 25 1 Best Performers EPA Rating & Energy Intensity EUI (kbtu/ft 2 -year) Worst Performers 17
Indices ECI: Energy Cost Index = $/ft 2 /yr EUI: Energy Utilization Index = kbtu/ft 2 /yr (Annual kwh X 3.413) = kbtu + (Annual Therms X 100) = kbtu Total Annual Energy = kbtu EUI = Total Annual Energy SF = kbtu/ft 2 /yr Example: Lowell Hall @ UW, 1996 (1,209,319 kwh X 3.413) = 4,127,000 kbtu + (83,642 Therms X 100) = 8,364,200 kbtu Total Annual Energy = 12,491,200 kbtu EUI = 12,491,200 kbtu 117,600 ft 2 = 106.2 kbtu/ft 2 /yr 18
ENERGY STAR Score Eligible Building Types Bank Branches Barracks Courthouses Data Centers Distribution Center Financial Offices Hospitals Hotels K-12 Schools Medical Offices Multifamily Housing Non-refrigerated Warehouses Office Buildings Refrigerated Warehouses Residence Hall Retail Stores Senior Care Community Supermarkets Wastewater Treatment Plants Wholesale Club/ Supercenter Worship Facilities
Two Types of Action Smarter use of what you have right now (Discretionary Operation) Energy Audits and Capital Improvements 21
Sample Discretionary Action Items Match operating hours to lighting/equipment Easier to harder Add Occupancy Sensors Match ventilation to number of occupants De-energize exhaust fans and close dampers when unoccupied Convert CV system to variable flow Install variable frequency drives Make best use of economizer operation Optimize boiler sequencing Install modulating boiler burners Vary chilled water & hot water pump speed with building loads 22
Disincentives for the Building Engineer Risk of occupant discomfort Risk of equipment failure Experimentation can be terrifying 23
Incentives for the Building Engineer Regular monitoring by the manager Managerial encouragement to experiment Occasional, brief discomfort is OK Teamwork Accomplishment Getting results 24
Examples of Success 25
Greener Pastures with Energy Savings Emissions Reduction at Madison Area Technical College Energy Usage FY 01/02 Usage FY 06/07 Usage FY 10/11 Annual Reduction! Electricity 23,000,000 kwh 18,000,000 kwh 14,700,000 kwh 8,300,000 kwh Natural Gas 900,000 therms 645,000 therms 443,000 therms 457,000 therms Emissions Emissions FY 01/02 Emissions FY 06/07 Emissions FY 10/11 Annual Reduction! Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Oxides Nitrogen Oxides 25,000 tons 19,000 tons 15,000 tons 10,000 tons 58 tons 45 tons 37 tons 21 tons 30 tons 23 tons 18 tons 12 tons Source: Madison College Engineering Manager Wesley Marquardt wmarquardt@madisoncollege.edu For 50 state emissions data online calculator, refer to Leonardo Academy: http://www.cleanerandgreener.org/resources/pollutioncalculator.html 26
City of Madison Buildings Reductions 2009-2012 Energy: 17.1% Reduction 26,527,171 kbtu/yr 17 kbtu/ft 2 -yr GHG Emissions: 3,371 MT/yr Cost Savings: $309,376/yr 27
Downtown Chicago Energy Star Building 28
Source: Corporate Realty, Design & Management Institute 30
Prepare for Culture Change What You Can Do Collect 24 months of utility bills Enter utility information into Energy Star Portfolio Manager and get your score as a baseline Review the Discretionary Action Items Try one change save some energy, reduce climate impact and build your confidence to deploy on-going Energy Management 31
Energy Management is the Quickest, Cheapest, Cleanest Way to Extend World Energy Supplies Energy management can provide nearly 2 times the environmental impact of renewable energy 32
Remember to Monitor!! 33