31 3 2013 5 Petrochemical Technology & Application Vol. 31 No. 3 May 2013 181 ~ 184 * 266580 S TE 624. 4 + 1 B 1009-0045 2013 03-0181 - 04 1 - TMP 2 0. 1 m 0. 8 m 3-4 ε s 5 ε s 6-7 TMP * 1 1. 1 CORH 90 μm 1 500 kg / 1 m 3 938 kg / m 3 1. 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 * 2013-01 - 09 2013-03 - 04 973 2012 CB 215006 1986 2 *
182 31 0. 2 m 1. 8 m 0. 1 m 8. 0 m ε s 0. 4 1. 0 1. 0 U g 8. 0 ~ 12. 0 1. 2 ~ 1. 8 m /s ε s G s 200 ~ 300 kg / m 2 s 3. 5 m 1. 3 U g G s 20 s PV - 6 ε s 50 khz 15 s 15 0. 53 1. 10 1. 31 1. 55 1. 74 1. 94 2. 14 3. 35 4. 20 5. 35 6. 18 7. 26 8. 09 9. 01 9. 76 m 2 ~ 7 11 r /R r R 0 0. 16 0. 38 0. 50 0. 59 0. 67 0. 74 0. 81 0. 87 0. 92 0. 97 ε s 2. 1. 2 2 ε s S U g ε s 0. 3 U g ε s 0. 3 ~ 0. 4 ε s 0. 2 ~ 0. 3 ε s 9 ε s ε s 0. 05 ε s ε s 2 ε s G s = 300 kg / m 2 s U g = 12 m /s 3 2 1. 74 m G s 300 kg / m 2 s U g 2. 1 ε s 12 m /s ε s 2. 1. 1 10 - ε s 5 3 1. 74 m G s = 300 kg / m 2 s U g = 12 m /s
3. 183 ε s ε s ε s 0. 4 ~ 0. 5 2. 2 ε s ε s 2. 2. 1 TMP ε s 4 U g G s ε s 2. 3 ε s U g G s 12-13 ε s U g G s 300 kg / m 2 s U g 12 m /s G s U g ε s U g = 8 m /s G s = 200 kg / m 2 s U g = 8 m /s G s = 300 kg / m 2 s U g = 12 m /s G s = 200 kg / m 2 s 4 U g = 12 m /s G s = 300 kg / m 2 s ε s 2. 2. 2 1. 74 m ε s 30 s 6 ε s 14-15 6 ε s 3 1 r /R 0 2 ε s 2 r /R 0. 59 3 r /R 0. 87 5 U g G s ε s G s U g ε s U g = 8 m /s G s = 200 kg / m 2 s U g = 8 m /s G s = 300 kg / m 2 s U g = 12 m /s G s = 200 kg / m 2 s U g = 12 m /s G s = 300 kg / m 2 s 5 ε s
184 31 6 1. 74 m ε s 3 a. ε s S U g ε s ε s ε s G s U g b. ε s ε s G s U g ε s CFB risers J U g 2001 79 2 279-286. c. ε s 1468. 1 Li C Yang C Shan H. Maximizing propylene yield by two - stage riser catalytic cracking of heavy oil J. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2007 46 14 4914-4920. 2. fluidization regime J. AIChE Journal 2009 55 3 594-611. J. 2008 26 5 436-441. 3. J. 2007 31 1 5 Berruti F Pugsley T Godfroy L et al. Hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized bed risers A review J. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 1995 73 5 579-602. 6 Gan J Zhao H Berrouk A S et al. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamics and cracking reactions in the feed mixing zone of a multiregime gas - solid riser reactor J. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2011 50 20 11511-11520. J. 2012 28 2 188-194. 7. 8 Zhu H Zhu J. Characterization of fluidization behavior in the bottom region of CFB risers J. Chemical Engineering Journal 2008 141 1 169-179. 9 Dry R Christensen I White C. Gas - solids contact efficiency in a high - velocity fluidised bed J. Powder Technology 1987 52 3 243-250. 10 Zhu J X Manyele S V. Radial nonuniformity index RNI in fluidized beds and other multiphase flow systems J. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2001 79 2 203-213. 11 Issangya A S Grace J R Bai D et al. Radial voidage variation in. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 12 Marzocchella A Zijerveld R C Schouten J C et al. Chaotic behavior of gas - solids flow in the riser of a laboratory - scale circulating fluidized bed J. AIChE Journal 1997 43 6 1458-13 Cui H Mostoufi N Chaouki J. Characterization of dynamic gas - solid distribution in fluidized beds J. Chemical Engineering Journal 2000 79 2 133-143. 14 Zhu H Zhu J. Comparative study of flow structures in a circulating - turbulent fluidized bed J. Chemical Engineering Science 2008 63 11 2920-2927. 15 Qi X Zhu H Zhu J. Demarcation of a new circulating turbulent 1. 118-121. J. 2011 40 1 41-44. 4. FCC 2 Peng B Zhang C Zhu J. Numerical study of the effect of the gas J. 2008 24 1 28-33. and solids distributors on the uniformity of the radial solids concentration distribution in CFB risers J. Powder Technology 2011 212 1 89-102. 3 Xu J Zhu J. Effects of particle properties on flow structure in a 2 - D circulating fluidized bed Solids concentration distribution and flow development J. Chemical Engineering Science 2011 66 21 5064-5076. 188
188 31 Complexation denitrification technology for coker gas oil LIU Jie LI Wen - shen LI Xiao - ou LI Dong - sheng Department of Petrochemical Engineering Liaoning University of Petroleum and Chemical Technology Fushun 113001 China Abstract Nitride in coker gas oil was removed with the mixture of the polar complexing agent hereinafter referred to as complexing agent of Lewis acid and organic solvent hereinafter referred to as adjuvant as denitrogenation agent. The optimum conditions determined by orthogonal experiment were reaction temperature 65 denitrogenation agent dosage volume ratio of complexing agent to coker gas oil 0. 010 adjuvant dosage volume ratio of adjuvant to complexing agent 2. 5 1. 0. The results showed that under these conditions the yield of refined oil could reach 94. 76% content of total nitrogen was 1 992. 00 μg /g. Key words coker gas oil complexation denitrogenation basic nitride catalytic cracking 184 Study on solids concentration distribution in the diameter - enlarged section of a novel riser reactor ZHU Xiao - lin LI Chun - yi YANG Chao - he LIU Yi - bin State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum East China Qingdao 266580 China Abstract In a circulating fluidized bed system axial and radial solids concentration distributions inside a novel riser and the effect of operating conditions were investigated moreover probability density analysis of transient solids concentration signals was also conducted. The results showed that the cross - sectional averaged solids concentration along this novel riser presented as S - type with much higher solids concentration in the diameter - enlarged section than that of the bottom region of conventional riser. Compared with the bottom region of conventional riser more uniform radial flow structure with higher solids concentration in the central region and almost saturated solids concentration near the wall was observed in the diameter - enlarged section. In addition cross - sectional averaged solids concentration and local solids concentration at all radial positions increased with increasing solids circulation rate and decreasing superficial gas velocity. Analysis of transient concentration signals in diameter - enlarged section demonstrated that both fluctuation amplitude and frequency were very high and the corresponding probability density distributions were uniform which would further enhance the gas - solids mixing and intensify the interaction between gas and solids phases. Key words novel riser diameter - enlarged section solids concentration distribution transient concentration signal probability density analysis