Operating conditions. Engine 3 1,756 3, , ,757 6,757 4,000 1, ,572 3,215 1,566

Transcription

1 JOURNAL

2 658 OEFELEIN

3 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 659 Table 2 F-l engine operating conditions and performance specifications Mass flow rate, kg/s, Ibm/s Fuel Oxidizer Mixture ratio Pressure, kpa, lbf/in. 2 Injector face Throat (stagnation) Nozzle exit (16:1) Temperature, K, F Combustion area Throat (static) Exhaust gases (static) Thrust, kn, Ibf Sea level m (120,000 Operating conditions 797 1, ,757 6,757 4,000 3,572 3,215 1,566 Engine 3 1,756 3, , ,970 5,328 2,359 Performance specifications Engine 742 1, ,757 6,757 4,000 3,572 3,215 1,566 Chamber Chamber 1,636 3, , ,970 5,328 2,359

4 660 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-1 ENGINES GIMBAL OUTRIGGER ARM TURBGPUMP SUPPORT. OUTRIGGER ARMS RADIAL EXPANSION JOINTS- FUEL RETURN MANIFOLD THRUST CHAMBER NOZZLE EXTENSION CONNECT FLANGE Fig.

5 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 661 Table 3 Injector patterns investigated during the F-l Project First program 1) Modified Injector pattern

6 662 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES sequently, design of a dynamically stable F-l engine focused on modifications to the injector assembly. Early injector designs were based on previous experience with the E-l engine 16 at thrust levels up to 1334 kn (300,000 Ibf). Orifice diameters were essentially uniform across

7 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 663 Table

8 664 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES combination

9 of many unsuccessful attempts to achieve dynamic stability without the aid of baffles. OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 665

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11 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 667 Table 6 Droplet distributions produced by single-element doublets with an impingement half-angle of 20 deg, 43.2-cm downstream Orifice diameters, mm Injection velocity,

12 668 OEFELEIN

13 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES r (a) I.A., Dia., TAVE, deg.

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15 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 671 CHAMBER PRESSURE Fig. 15 Pressure trace exhibiting the damping characteristics of the FRT injector when perturbed with

16 672 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES of high oxidizer vaporization rates. Instead, recirculation became cyclic, giving rise to alternating periods of high combustion rates manifested

17 OEFELEIN

18 674 OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES into this unit in comparison to the FRT configuration were enlarged oxidizer feed passages, tapered radial fuel feed ports, and programmed injection density. Typical accelerometerand pressure-time traces are given in Fig. 17. Improved performance and damping characteristics were attributed to an increase

19 OEFELEIN

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21 slum (International) on Combustion, Combustion Inst., Pittsburgh, PA, 1965, OEFELEIN AND YANG: INSTABILITIES IN F-l ENGINES 677