Transatlantic Mergers & Acquisitions Opportunities and Pitfalls in German-American Partnerships Kai Lucks (Editor) %:;,, ;, P U B L I C I S f WILEY
1 Introduction 9 2 Markets and Structures Jiirgen Weber 2.1 Going Where the Markets Are - M&A in Germany 16 Daniel S. Hamilton and Joseph P. Quintan 2.2 U.S.-German Relations: Will the Ties that Bind Grow Stronger or Weaker?... 20 Marcus Schenck, Frank Richter, Karoline Jung-Senssfelder 2.3 Capital Market - Hurdle or Help in Transatlantic M&A 32 Stefan Griesser and Thomas Schwingeler 2.4 Transatlantic M&A Market - Volumes and Dynamics 44 Fritz Kroger 2.5 Success and Success Factors of US-German Mergers 51 3 Experiences from Industries 3.1 Automotive 58 Rudiger Grube 3.1.1 The Post-Merger Integration Process of DaimlerChrysler AG 58 Heinz Hermann Thiele 3.1.2 Transatlantic Mergers and Acquisitions: "Follow our customers" 74 3.2 Banking & Finance 85 Axel Wieandt and Rafael Moral y Santiago 2>2.1 Growing in the U.S. - Review of Deutsche Bank's M&A Strategy in North America 85 3.3 Consumer & Health 97 Lothar Steinebach, Steve Blum, Helmut B. Nuhn 3.3.1 Henkel's Acquisition of The Dial Corporation, Scottsdale, USA 97 Michael Kaschke and Udo Philipp 3.3.2 Carl Zeiss Vision - A Merger of the Carl Zeiss Eyeglass Division with Sola International, Inc 110
Wolfgang Reim, Rudolf-Henning Lohse, Carsten Kratz 3.3.3 Air-Shields Integration into Drager Medical: Experiences in the Medical-Equipment Industry 124 3.4 Electro & Electronics 135 George Nolen 3.4.1 Investing Locally to Grow Globally: Siemens M&A Strategy in the U.S. Market 135 Kai Lucks 3.4.2 Siemens Power Generation - Transatlantic M&A in a Consolidating Industry 144 Randy H. Zwirn 3.4.3 The Siemens-Westinghouse Case: Integration in the Eyes of the US Management 154 3.5 Information Technology 162 Werner Kreuz and Jtirgen Rothenbiicher 3.5.1 Acquisition of Systematics by EDS - the First 100 Days 162 Ingo H. Moller 3.5.2 German Roots, American "Drive": The Ingram Micro & Macrotron Case.. 166 3.6 Logistics & Transportation 170 Klaus Zumwinkel 3.6.1 Integration at its Best-The Takeover ofaei by Deutsche Post World Net. 170 Ravin Jesuthasan and Helmuth L. Uder 3.6.2 How HR Contributes to Merger Success 178 3.7 Materials & Chemicals 191 Barbara S. Jeremiah and Konrad J. von Szczepanski 3.7.1 Divestitures at Alcoa - How to Create Value from Shrinking the Portfolio. 191 Joerg Sellmann and Oliver Maier 3.7.2 Degussa's Execution Experience with Transatlantic M&A Projects 196 3.8 Media 209 Dirk Hoffmann 3.8.1 The Jamba! Case: US Investors in Germany - What They Bring, How They Do It (US/German M&A Experience from a German Perspective)... 209 3.9 Private Equity Investments 214 Gernot Wunderle 3.9.1 US Private Equity in the German Property Market 214 Volker Schmidt 3.9.2 Is Small Cap Private Equity an International Business? - Differences in the U.S. versus Continental Europe 222
4 Professional Contributions 4.1 Strategy 233 Jens Schadler and Reto Isenegger 4.1.1 Strategic Alliances: Smart Alternatives to Mergers and Acquisitions? 233 Kai Lucks 4.1.2 Management of Complex M&A Projects: Challenges in Transatlantic Deals 246 Gerhard Plaschka, Rohit Verma, Douglas Squeo 4.1.3 "Seen, but not Heard!" Predicting M&A Outcomes from the Customer Perspective 260 4.2 Leadership & Corporate Governance 274 Joerg G. Matthiessen, Allison S. Bailey, Jeanie Daniel Duck 4.2.1 The Impact of Management and Leadership Behaviors on German- American M&A 274 Lutz Angerer and Christopher Winckler 4.2.2 US and German Corporate Governance Issues and Their Implications on M&A Transactions 284 4.3 Stock Markets 294 Stephan Oppenhoffand Dirk Horcher 4.3.1 Application and Impact of U.S. Capital Markets Law on Public Tender Offers Under the Security Purchase and Take-over Act 294 Robert Ripin and Volker Geyrhalter 4.3.2 Delisting - the US and the German Perspective 301 4.4 Financing & Controlling 310 Raymond J. Fisher and Fabian Ehlers 4.4.1 High Yield Bonds: A U.S. Product for German Financing Purposes 310 Kirsten Girnth 4.4.2 Tracking Stock - A Smart Concept for Acquisitions in Diversified Businesses 323 Ruth Zehetmeier-Miiller and Ingmar Doerr 4.4.3 Thin Capitalization Rules in Germany and the United States 330 Russell J. DaSilva 4.4.4 Share Pledges in German/US Mergers and Acquisitions 340 4.5 Valuation & Due Diligence 346 Manfred Bogle and Rainer Ba'tz 4.5.1 Differences in Valuation Methods - A Comparison of Income Approach Valuation 346 Georg Christopher Schweiger 4.5.2 Cross Border Due Diligence and Beyond 357
4.6 Tax 364 Susanne Schreiber, Julianne Reynolds, and Carolina Perez-Lopez 4.6.1 German and US Tax Aspects of Private Equity Funds 364 Rainer Stadler and Thomas Elser 4.6.2 Investments in US Opportunity Funds from the German Tax Perspective.. 372 4.7 Merger Control 381 Thomas W. Wessely 4.7.1 Pre-Nuptial Puritanism for Corporate Marriages - Antitrust Limits on the Pre-consummation Relationship Between Merging Parties 381 Martin Sura 4.7.2 The Role of Third Party Intervenes in Merger Investigations before the Competition Authorities and in Judicial Review Proceedings 388 4.8 HR & Pensions 394 UlfM. Tworeck 4.8.1 Effective People Management in US-German Mergers 394 Marianne Waldenmaier, Isabella Bach-Alexander, Thomas Bader and Markus Ebert 4.8.2 Outsourcing of Pension Obligations by German Corporations through Implementation of a Contractual Trust Arrangement (CTA) 402 4.9 Communications & Culture 411 Alexander Geiser and Nikolai Juchem 4.9.1 Key Factors for Successful M&A Communications in Germany 411 Christoph Walther and Roland Klein 4.9.2 Due Diligence for M&A Communications 425 Patrick Schmidt 4.9.3 Bridging the Intercultural Gap: Non-conventional Truths about American- German Business 429 Bettina Palazzo, Craig DeForest and Bemhard K.F. Pelzer 4.9.4 How to Merge German and American Talents to Achieve a Cross-Atlantic Culture of Understanding and Shared Success? 438 5 Appendix Large transatlantic M&A transactions from 1998 until 2005 448 Contributors 454 Index of Mentioned Companies 478