The European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) Paving the Way for the Mediterranean Solar Plan Task 1: Harmonized legislative and regulatory framework Activity 1.4: Definition of infrastructure needs COUNTRY REPORT: MOROCCO 3 November 211 This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the Consortium and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union This project is funded by The European Union A project implemented by Consortium MVV decon/enea/rte-i/terna/sonelgaz Country Report MOROCCO Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction...4 1.1 Scope of the study...4 1.2 Methodology...4 2. MOROCCO Economic presentation in 21...5 3. MOROCCO Electric sector in 21...6 3.1 Electric sector overview...6 3.2 History, organization and main actors...7 3.3 Recent and future developments:...8 3.4 Regulatory framework:...8 3.5 Consumption in 21...9 3.6 Installed capacity and generation...1 4. MOROCCO Development plans at year 22...11 4.1 Electric sector overview...11 4.2 Transmission lines, substations and interconnections...12 4.2.1 Existing grid map... 12 4.2.2 Transmission lines, interconnections and substations from 21 to 22... 13 5. Wind generation characteristics...14 6. Solar generation characteristics...15 7. Single Wire Earth Return (SWER) applications...16 8. Storage technology...16 9. Rules and usage of existing interconnections...16 Country Report MOROCCO Page 2
LIST OF UNITS, ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AC CSP DC DSM EC ENTSOE EU GCC GW GWh GDP HV HVDC IPP KPI kw kwh LV MPC MSP MV MW MWh PPA PWMSP RE SWER TSO UFM Alternative Current Concentrated Solar Power Direct Current Demand Side Management European Commission European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity European Union Gas Combined Cycle Gigawatt Giga Watt hours Gross Domestic Product High Voltage High voltage Direct Current Independent Power Producer Key Performance Indicator Kilowatt kilo Watt hours Low Voltage Mediterranean Partner Countries Mediterranean Solar Plan Medium Voltage Megawatt Megawatt hours Power Purchase Agreement Paving the Way for the Mediterranean Solar Plan Renewable Energy Single Wire Earth Return Transmission System Operator Union for the Mediterranean Country Report MOROCCO Page 3
1. INTRODUCTION The infrastructures of the region especially the transmission grid shall be able to support the development of RE in a sustainable manner. This is obviously true at the connection point of the generation, but, reaching high level of RE implies the energy pooling at greater level, throughout wider areas. This should enable energy exchange with areas where the price of green energy makes inference investment profitable. 1.1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The activity 1.4, Definition of infrastructure needs is a part of Task 1, Harmonized legislative and regulatory framework of the project Paving the way for the Mediterranean Solar Plan. This activity aims at: a. Collecting the relevant technical data of the network to perform the assessment of the needs grid development b. Making recommendation on the charging and usage protocol of the interconnections The task a consists in the data collection that will be the input for sub-task A and B whose aim is to perform the calculation to assess the bottlenecks that could arise in the long term. In a first step, a questionnaire was established in close cooperation with the leader of Task A to determine precisely the needed data to have at a regional level a coherent overview of the description of the electrical system. The inputs from the MSP project complete the overall scheme with the view of volunteered development of RE in the region. The country coordinators have charged of relaying the questionnaire to the proper actors in their respective countries. After a first analysis of the answers to the questionnaire collected by the country coordinators, missions within relevant MPCs were carried out for the non key expert to refine data. This report contents the data given by the actors of the electricity sector of Morocco. 1.2 METHODOLOGY The data collected are on the following topics: Energy regulatory framework Country development plans Demand Generation Transmission lines and substations Wind generation characteristics Solar generation characteristics Single Wire Earth Return applications Storage Technologies Country Report MOROCCO Page 4
2. MOROCCO ECONOMIC PRESENTATION IN 21 Population 32 million people Extension 446 55 km 2 Capital Economic capital Rabat Casablanca GDP 153.3 billion $ GDP growth 4.2 % Origin of GDP: Agriculture Industry Services 18 % 36 % 46 % Inflation rate 2. 5 % Unemployment rate 9.8 % Country Report MOROCCO Page 5
3. MOROCCO ELECTRIC SECTOR IN 21 3.1 ELECTRIC SECTOR OVERVIEW GENERATION Installed Capacity (MW) Annual generation (GWh) Thermal: Coal Fuel / Diesel Gas Turbine / GCC 4 353 1 785 6/23 915/85 18 35 1 866 3 74 4 41 Hydro: 1 77 (464 pumping) 3 63 (163) Renewable: Wind Solar Other 241 221 2 (CSP) 1 811 659 152 TOTAL 6 364 22 79 DEMAND Number of consumers Annual consumption (GWh) Domestic Non domestic (*) 6 458 21 512 146 15 524 8 181 TOTAL 6 97 167 23 75 Peak load 4 79 MW Growth of annual demand 6,1 % in 21 IMPORTS (**) 4583 EXPORTS (**) 643 Total system losses 11,3 % (total losses) 4,2 % (transmission losses) 325 1154 (*) Residential, commercial and agricultural at medium voltage (**) Import from Spain and balance with Algeria (1) 13 MW as PV installed capacity are not connected to the national grid, it supplies 51 559 consumers Country Report MOROCCO Page 6
3.2 HISTORY, ORGANIZATION AND MAIN ACTORS The electricity sector in Morocco is characterized by private and public actors which operate in different activities necessary to satisfy all the needs of the consumers. The mains actors are: Office National of Electricity (ONE) ONE is in charge to guarantee the public service of generation, transmission and distribution of the electricity. It has also the exclusivity to plan the means of generation for unit power greater than 1 MW. ONE is allowed to launch tenders for generation unit which have a power greater than 1 MW, if this generation is destined exclusively to the needs of ONE. ONE is the Transmission System Operator and as such sets the rules. Private generators which are closed with ONE by long term purchases contracts: Three purchase contracts have been concluded with Jorf Lasfar Energy Company (JLEC), Compagnie Eolienne du Détroit (CED) and Energie Electrique de Tahaddart (EET). Public Distribution Companies and Delegate Distribution Companies: For distribution, ONE is the first distribution company at the national level. ONE covers 95% of the national territory through 1 regional departments over all the territory and operates on 1.143 cities and supply 56% of the customers. In 21, the sales of energy have reached 23 75 GWh. These sales have concerned the distributors for 45%, the ONE distribution for 4% and key account customers for 15%. More than 4 millions of customers in the rural sector and many cities. The other customers are managed by the Public Distribution Companies, which are themselves customers of the key account customers of ONE. The activities of these actors are in a regulated framework and supervised by different ministries (Energy, Water and Environment, Economy and Finance, etc ) Country Report MOROCCO Page 7
3.3 RECENT AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS: For the next ten years, Morocco targets to generate near 42% of the installed capacity from the renewable energy (Hydraulic 14%, Wind farms 14% and solar plants 14%, see paragraph 4 below). In the below table all new plants was mentioned. MOROCCO - Planned Capacity 211-22 Type Planned Date of Capacity Commissioning (MW) Name Total thermal production 4 37, Coal 2 32, Safi - "clean coal" 66, Safi - "clean coal" 66, Jorf Lasfar Jerrada 7, 3, 213/214 215 4 Cycles combinés 1 6, 1 6, 217-22 Gas Fuel Oil 387, Kenitra 315, Tiznit Total renewable production 72, 212 212 4 24, Hydro 52, Mdez et Mnzel 17, STEP Abdelmoumen 35, Wind 1 72, Tarfaya 3, Akhfenir Laayoune Foum El Oued Laayoune 2, 5, Haouma Tetouan 5, Jbel Khalladi Tetouan 12, "1, MW Initiative" 1, Solar Integrated Solar Energy Power Project 2, Total 3.4 215 216 215 215 213;213 212 212 212 213 214-22 215-219 8 547, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK: Tariffs are tightly regulated and the Prime Minister is in charge of setting the tariffs matrix. CNEIE (Comité National des Etudes d Impact Environnementales) and MEMEE provide the regulations. Country Report MOROCCO Page 8
3.5 CONSUMPTION IN 21 Annual load curve 21 MW 5 4 3 2 1 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec The ratio between the peak day (August) and the minimum peak day (November) of 21 is near 1.5 times. But the peak of consumption remains at the same period of the day, between 7 and 1 p.m due to the air condition and light at the maximum peak day in summer and heating and lights at the minimum peak day in winter. Annual hydro generation curve 21 GWh 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 The hydro generation is very low between May and November. The ratio between the peak and the minimum of hydro generation was near 5 times. Precipitation of rain during these 6 months are low. Country Report MOROCCO Page 9
Annual wind generation curve 21 2, 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2,, 3.6 INSTALLED CAPACITY AND GENERATION The data presented (below table) shows that the combined cycle plants were increased 25% in 21. The hydraulic and thermal resources were also slightly increased. The total installed capacity in 21 increases only 3%. In the next years the installation of new capacities should be accelerated to achieve the annual consumption growth that is around 6%/year up to 22 Installed Capacity 29 21 Var:1/9(%) Hydraulic 1747,8 1769,8 1 1.25 Thermal 4158,7 4328,7 4 4.8 Charbon (steam)r 1785 1785 Fuel (steam) 6 6 Gas Turbines 915 915 Diesel 158,7 158,7 Combined Cycle 68 85 25 Gasoil 2 2 Wind 22,9 22,9 Total 6 127.4 6 319,4 3.13 Country Report MOROCCO Page 1
4. MOROCCO DEVELOPMENT PLANS AT YEAR 22 4.1 ELECTRIC SECTOR OVERVIEW At year 22, it is expected the following forecast: Peak Load 8 73 MW Annual demand 49 89 GWh Growth of annual demand 6 to 7 % Imports 4% Exports Under study Total system losses 11 % (total losses) 4 % (transmission losses) NEW GENERATIONS IN 22 Installed Capacity (MW) Thermal: 4 37 Coal 232 Fuel / Diesel 387 Gas Turbine / GCC 16 Hydro: 52 Renewable: 377 Wind 177 Solar 2 Other Installed capacity in 21 6 364 Minus retired TOTAL installed capacity in 22 14 961 The table below shows the target of the repartition in percentage at year 22 of generation. The share of renewable energy in the domestic production will be 42% of the installed capacity by 22. 6 355MW 11 2 MW 4% 1% 14 MW 4% 12% 14% 28% 14% 2% 8% 14% 27% 6% 4% 13% 2% 28% 19% 11% 8% 17% 37% 29% % 211 CHARBON GAZ 215 FUEL HYDRAULIQUE Country Report MOROCCO Page 11 22 EOLIENS SOLAIRE
4.2 TRANSMISSION LINES, SUBSTATIONS AND INTERCONNECTIONS Length of the lines end of 29 4.2.1 Voltage Length in km 4 kv 1 54 225 kv 7 875 15 kv 147 6 kv 11 118 Total 2 68 EXISTING GRID MAP Grid at step 213 Country Report MOROCCO Page 12
4.2.2 TRANSMISSION LINES, INTERCONNECTIONS AND SUBSTATIONS FROM 21 TO 22 New interconnections between Morocco and Spain in AC for a capacity of 7 MW (under feasibility Study) target 22 New internal lines 7 at 4 kv in AC, planned between 213 to 215 Mediouna jorf 14 km SAFI-CHEMAIA 2x 55 km TANTAN-LAAYOUN 3 km AGADIR-TANTAN 32 km AGADIR CHICHAOU 17 km Second line MATMATA BOURDIM 23 km 8 at 225 kv in AC, planned between 213 to 215 New substations 7 at 4 / 225 kv, planned between 212 and 215 + two extension substations 1 at 225 / 6 kv, planned between 212 and 215 4 at 225 / 2 Kv Country Report MOROCCO Page 13
5. WIND GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS See table in sheet 4 of the Excel file attached Repartition of the wind speed in Morocco Wind Energy Program (215 219) Country Report MOROCCO Page 14
6. SOLAR GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS Seville 3 Rabat Casablanca 4 Ain Beni Mathar Ouarzazate 5 6 Sebkha tah Foum Al Ouad Boujdour 7 [Wh/m2/jour] Plan Solaire Marocain As mentionned above Morocco will install 2 MW of solar plants. This capacity should represent 14% of the total installed capacity in 22. The sites where will be installed are presented in the figure above in different regions of Morocco. Atalas of solar in Morocco Country Report MOROCCO Page 15
7. SINGLE WIRE EARTH RETURN (SWER) APPLICATIONS This application is not used. All isolated network is constituted by three phases 8. STORAGE TECHNOLOGY Currently, only pumping plants is planed (STEP) 9. RULES AND USAGE OF EXISTING INTERCONNECTIONS The operator of facilities producing electricity from renewable energy sources, connected to the national grid can export electricity and only after technical review the electricity grid operator National Transmission System. The export of electricity produced from renewable energy sources is done throu gh the national grid transmission, including interconnections. However, when the capacity of national electricity grid transmission and interconnection is insufficient, the operator may be authorized to produce and use for its own use of direct lines of t ransport, through a concession agreement to be concluded with the manager of the national grid transmission. All export transactions of electricity produced from renewable energy are controlled and managed by the manager of the national grid transmission. The interconnection Morocco-Spain is used today by Morocco to import and export a part of its energy. In the future, this interconnection will permit to export its renewable energy to a country of the EU (through Spain) and is therefore eligible to the European directive. A project of access tariff is being negotiated by Spain. This tariff will be paid by the energy producers, by Morocco and by Algeria in the sale of energy on the Spanish network Country Report MOROCCO Page 16