Textile and Clothing Sector Turkey December 2013 Produced by: - 1 -
Table of Contents I. Sector Overview 1. Sector Highlights 2. Economic Importance 3. Industry Forecast 4. Industrial Production and Turnover Indices 5. Capacity Utilisation and Producer Prices 6. Wholesale and Consumer Prices 7. Employment and Salary & Wage Indices II. Subsectors 1. Fabrics Industry 2. Home Textiles Exports 3. Yarn Industry 4. Yarn Exports 5. Clothing Exports 6. Denim Exports 7. Hosiery Exports 8. Underwear and Bed Clothes 9. Carpets and Rugs III.Main Players 1. Top 20 M&A Deals in Textiles and Clothing 2010-2013 2. Top 20 M&A Deals in Textiles and Clothing 2010-2013 (cont d) 3. Aksa Akrilik Kimya 4. Aksa Akrilik Kimya (cont d) 5. Altinyildiz Mensucat 6. Altinyildiz Mensucat (cont d) 7. Menderes Tekstil 8. Royal Hali - 2 -
I. Sector Overview - 3 -
Sector Highlights Leading Sector The textile and clothing industry was the first industrial sector that developed in Turkey. The establishment of customs union with the European Union gave a major boost to the industry in 1990s and it currently is the largest manufacturing subsector in Turkey in terms of production and employment. Exports The exports of Turkish textile and clothing goods has been on the rise in the recent years, however, its share in the country's total exports is decreasing. In 2012, Turkey was the ninth-biggest textiles supplier in the world with a 3.0% market share and seventh-largest clothing supplier with a 3.4% share. Turkish textiles exports rose by 2.6% to USD 13.3bn in 2012 while clothing exports increased by 2.8% to nearly USD 12bn. Competitiveness With the recent removal of international trade barriers for China, the Turkish textile sector has started losing its labour cost advantage and in order to maintain its competitiveness, many local producers have moved toward new designs, fashions and quality labels, targeting higher income customers. The decision by the European Union to enter Free Trade Agreements with supplier countries for the sector, such as India and South Korea, is also affecting the local textile sector. In order to support international expansion, the Turkish government has launched the Turquality programme, which is designed to provide assistance in marketing, quality upgrade and strategic positioning. Companies The Turkish textile and clothing industry is highly competitive with the number of sector companies exceeding 56,000. About 81% and 86% of the companies in the textile and clothing sectors, respectively, employ less than ten people. The number of people working in the two sectors is estimated at around 2.0 million, most of whom are employed without a proper contract. The companies are mainly concentrated in the Marmara, Aegean and Cukurova regions. - 4 -
Economic Importance Textiles sector in figures 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 GDP (TRY mn) 950,534 952,559 1,098,799 1,297,713 1,416,817 GDP (USD mn) 730,337 614,554 731,608 773,980 786,293 GDP real growth (%) 0.7-4.8 9.2 8.8 2.2 Net foreign direct investment (USD mn) 19,504 8,411 9,038 16,047 12,387 Foreign capital inflow in manufacturing (USD mn) 3,971 1,642 923 3,573 4,392 Foreign capital inflow in textiles industry (USD mn) 187 78 94 148 375 Total exports (USD mn) 132,027 102,143 113,883 134,907 152,462 Total manufacturing exports (USD mn) 125,188 95,449 105,467 125,963 143,194 Textiles exports (USD mn) 11,323 9,559 10,932 12,920 13,259 Apparel exports (USD mn) 11,504 9,603 10,618 11,633 11,955 Total imports (USD mn) 201,963 140,928 185,544 240,842 236,545 Total manufacturing imports (USD mn) 150,252 111,031 145,367 183,930 176,235 Textiles imports (USD mn) 5,093 4,345 6,059 6,881 5,454 Apparel imports (USD mn) 1,902 1,764 2,338 2,748 2,282 Source: Turkstat - 5 -
Industry Forecast Output forecasts 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Garments (TRY mn) 19,341 20,239 21,392 22,712 24,199 Garments (USD mn) 10,651 10,649 10,753 11,249 11,808 Leather goods (TRY mn) 5,372 5,633 5,966 6,346 6,775 Leather goods (USD mn) 2,958 2,964 2,999 3,143 3,306 Textiles, leather & clothing (TRY mn) 81,788 85,489 90,257 95,720 101,871 Textiles, leather & clothing (USD mn) 31,430 31,368 31,618 33,017 34,594 Total manufacturing (TRY mn) 1,777,316 1,908,963 2,066,219 2,245,679 2,434,906 Total manufacturing (USD mn) 978,732 1,004,408 1,038,647 1,112,272 1,188,108 Comments Garments manufacturing is forecasted to remain among the slowest growing industries in Turkey in 2012-16 with an average annual growth of 2.9%, The entire textiles, leather and clothing sector is expected to grow by an average 3.7% over the period. Textiles, leather and clothing output accounted for 7.94% of Turkish manufacturing and 1.63% of the country's GDP in 2011. These figures are forecast to decrease to 7.61% and 1.55% respectively in 2016. Source: Oxford Economics - 6 -
Industrial Production and Turnover Indices Industrial production index 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 Industrial Production Index Textile Industry Apparel 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 Industrial turnover index Turnover Index Textile Industry Apparel Source: Turkstat - 7 -
Capacity Utilisation and Producer Prices 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 Capacity utilisation (%) Manufacturing Capacity Utilization Textiles Apparel 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 Producer prices Producer Price Index Textile Products Apparel Source: Turkstat - 8 -
Wholesale and Consumer Prices Wholesale prices 17,000 15,000 13,000 11,000 9,000 7,000 5,000 Wholesale Price Index Textile Clothing Consumer prices 250 200 150 100 50 0 Consumer Price Index Clothing Source: Turkstat - 9 -
Mar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 Mar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 Mar-13 Jun-13 Sep-13 Mar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 Mar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 Mar-13 Jun-13 Sep-13 Employment and Salary & Wage Indices Employment index Wage & salary index 130 190 120 170 110 150 100 130 90 110 80 90 70 70 Industry (general) Textile Industry Apparel Industry (general) Textile Industry Apparel Source: Turkstat - 10 -
II. Subsectors - 11 -
Fabrics Industry Textiles production ( 000 m) 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 466,801 53,157 824,074 30,830 986,412 773,841 25,760 874,227 591,209 32,225 967,724 589,465 37,348 1,032,766 563,673 36,438 610,919 33,924 745,152 Synthetic Woolen Cotton 1,219,237 1,334,448 The Turkish fabrics industry produces a wide variety of fabrics for apparel, home textiles, upholstery and technical applications. Turkey has large-scale fabrics companies with vertically integrated production facilities in addition to many small-sized non-integrated firms, serviced by a well-developed finishing industry. A large part of the industry is based on cotton. Turkey is the sixth-largest cotton producer in the world with some 954,000 tons in 2010/11. Domestic output does not fully meet local demand and the country is the third-largest cotton importer after China and Bangladesh. Turkish man-made textile sector claims the eighth largest synthetics capacity in the world. 62% of the companies in this sector have finishing plants and 75% of their raw material needs are met by domestic production. The fabrics mills are mainly concentrated in Istanbul, Bursa, Adana, Denizli, Kahramanmaras, Izmir, Gaziantep, Tekirdag, Kayseri and Usak. Many of the integrated mills are located in Istanbul, Bursa, Kahramanmaras, Adana and Gaziantep. Source: Turkstat, Economy Ministry - 12 -
Home Textiles Exports Exports Biggest exports markets (2012) 9.4 8.7 8.4 8.4 7.5 UK 4.8% Italy 4.3% Netherlands 4.1% Russia 5.7% 2.05 1.59 1.72 1.95 1.76 France 7.6% Other 36.9% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Home textiles exports (USD bn) Share in textiles and clotging exports (%) USA 11.0% Germany 25.6% Comments Turkey exported homes textiles worth nearly USD 1.8bn to 172 countries in 2012. Home textiles exports decreased by 10% in 2012, compared with the slight rise of 0.7% in the total textile and clothing exports. Despite increased volumes, the share of homes textiles in Turkey's total textile and clothing exports has been gradually decreasing over the last decade to 7.5% in 2012 from around 12.5% ten years ago. Among the most exported items are towels, bathrobes and dressing gowns, bed linens, furnishing and curtain fabrics. Source: ITKIB - 13 -
Yarn Industry Yarn production ( 000 tons) 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 37 76 108 53 70 65 67 37 724 Synthetic Wool Cotton 831 852 850 1,015 1,095 932 972 967 1,075 1,224 1,008 1,199 Some 2,200 companies in Turkey are active in the fibers and yarns sector. Turkey ranks one of the largest in the world in terms of its cotton yarn production capacity. The country has an installed spinning capacity of 6.9 million short-staple spindles, 835,700 long-staple spindles and 617,500 open-end rotors, according to data of the ITMF-International Textile Machinery Federation. The country's machinery equipment accounts for 2.7% of global short-staple spindle capacities, 5.6% of the global long-staple spindle capacities and 7.4% of the world's open-end rotor capacities. The country has also a well-developed man-made segment. The mills are spread out all over the country with most of them located in Istanbul, Bursa, Kahramanmaras, Gaziantep, Adana, Izmir, Kayseri, Malatya, Tekirdag, Usak, Hatay and Denizli. Most of the large mills have integrated fibers production into clothing. Source: Turkstat, Economy Ministry - 14 -
Yarn Exports Yarn foreign trade (USD bn) Biggest exports markets (2012) 3.029 2.935 1.196 2.214 1.021 1.784 1.268 2.668 1.637 1.624 Belgium 4.8% Germany 5.4% Other 51.4% Portugal 5.8% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Exports Imports Brazil 7.1% UK 7.1% Russia 7.5% Italy 10.9% Comments The Turkish yarn exports declined 0.8% to USD 1.62bn in 2012, down from an all-time high USD 1.64bn, achieved in the previous year. Synthetic yarns comprised 57.6% of the entire yarn exports in 2012, followed by cotton yarns with 28.6%. Yarn exports to Italy dropped by 22.6% to USD 176.8mn in 2012, but, despite the decrease, the country remains the biggest overseas market, followed by Russia and the UK. Most of the cotton yarns is destined to Italy, Portugal, Russia, Germany and Poland. Yarns made up 33.8% of the Turkish total textile imports in 2012. Most of the yarn imports came from China, India and Vietnam. Source: ITKIB - 15 -
Clothing Exports Exports (USD mn) Biggest exports markets (2011) 7.83 5.33 6.93 4.29 7.73 4.64 8.39 8.42 5.12 5.43 Denmark 3.1% Italy 4.5% Netherlands 5.3% France 6.4% Spain 9.0% Other 36.2% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Knitted or Crocheted Clothing Woven Clothing UK 13.9% Germany 21.6% Comments Turkish clothing exports rose by 2.5% some USD 13.8bn in 2012, according to data of the Economy Ministry. Around 65% of the Turkish clothing production is bound for exports. Cotton clothing accounts for some 80% of the exports, while knitted clothing and accessories make up over 60% of the total clothing exports. Woven clothing had a share of 39% with a value of USD 5.4bn. T-shirts and pullovers are the most important export items in the knitted clothing sector. Source: Economy Ministry, ITKIB - 16 -
Denim Exports Clothing exports (USD mn) Denim fabric exports (USD mn) 427 5,327 4,295 4,636 5,124 5,431 369 329 389 372 1,742 1,401 1,502 1,556 1,489 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Denim clothing Total woven clothing 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Comments Denim clothing exports represented 27.4% of Turkey's total woven clothing exports in 2012. In recent years, this share has been gradually decreasing from an all-time high of 39.8% in 2005. Turkey exports denim clothing mainly to Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Netherlands and Italy, while denim fabrics exports are destined mainly to Italy, Tunisia, Egypt and Morocco. Source: Turkstat - 17 -
Hosiery Exports Exports (USD mn) Biggest exports markets (2012) 872 881 953 1,057 992 Netherlands Spain 7.6% 4.2% France 8.1% Sweden 3.5% Belgium 3.4% Other 25.6% Germany 20.2% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 UK 27.5% Comments Turkey is world's third-largest hosiery exporter with a market share of 8%. The country is the second-biggest hosiery supplier to the European Union market after China. Turkey's hosiery exports totaled USD 992mn in 2012, down 6.1% from the previous year, when figure reached an all-time high of USD 1.056bn. The hosiery exports represented 11.8% of entire Turkish knitwear exports in 2012, down from 12.6% in the previous year. Source: ITKIB - 18 -
Underwear and Bed clothes Foreign trade (USD mn) Biggest exports markets (2012) 606 627 659 Algeria 3.5% USA 3.7% Other 48.0% Russia 3.8% 129 165 71 Netherlands 3.9% France 7.7% 2010 2011 2012 Exports Imports UK 11.3% Germany 18.2% Comments Underwear and bed clothes represented 4.2% of the Turkish total clothing exports in 2012. Turkey exported underwear and bed clothes to 144 countries in 2012 with Germany being the biggest market. The country imported underwear and bed clothes from 82 countries. Most of the imports come from China, Sri Lanka. India and Bangladesh. Source: ITKIB - 19 -
Carpets and Rugs Exports (USD mn) 1,602 1,998 The Turkish carpets and rugs industry consists of two main types of production: hand-woven carpets and machine-made carpets. 1,267 1,158 1,075 992 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Production (sq m 000) 208,949 Machine-made carpets account for some 90% of the local market. According to the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey, the machinemade carpet industry has a capacity of over 200 million sq m. Most of the machine-made carpets producers are located in Gaziantep, southeastern Turkey, as well as in Kayseri, central Turkey, and Istanbul. 166,044 169,744 175,464 66,632 Turkish carpet exports rose by nearly 25% to an alltime high USD 2.0bn in 2012. Most of the exports was bound for Saudi Arabia, Iraq, the United States and Germany. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 In 2012, Turkish carpet imports rose by 8.8% to USD 177mn. The biggest exporters to Turkey are Belgium. India and China. Source: Turkstat, Economy Ministry - 20 -
III. Main Players - 21 -
Top 20 M&A Deals in Textiles and Clothing 2010-2013 Date Target Company Deal Type Stake % Buyer Country of Buyer Deal Industries Deal Value USD (mn) Jun-12 Koton Magazacilik Acquisition 50 Turkven Private Equity Turkey Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 500 May-13 Boyner Buyuk Magazacilik; Beymen Magazacilik Minority stake purchase Boyner Holding Turkey Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 384 May-11 Yargici Konfeksiyon Acquisition 75 Global Investment House Kuwait Sep-13 Boyner Buyuk Magazacilik Tender offer 35 Altinyildiz Mensucat Turkey Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 307 116 Feb-12 YKM Acquisition 63 Boyner Buyuk Magazacilik Turkey Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 98 Oct-10 Wenice Minority stake purchase 49 Balkan Accession Fund, United States; Hong Eurasia Capital Partners, Kong; Netherlands FMO Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 67 Oct-13 YKM; YKM Pazarlama Minority stake purchase Boyner Buyuk Magazacilik Turkey Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 51 Apr-13 Royal Hali IPO 29 Institutional and private investors Textile Product Mills 43 Oct-13 CLK Holding ; Celik Iplik Minority stake purchase Ossis Sinai Yatirimlar Holding Turkey Support Activities for Mining; Textile Mills 27 May-11 Bilici Yatirim IPO 33 Institutional and private investors Textile Mills 17 Apr-11 Ceylan Yatirim Holding Acquisition 65 Mintay Dis Ticaret Turkey Apparel Manufacturing 16 Source: DealWatch - 22 -
Top 20 M&A Deals in Textiles and Clothing 2010-2013 (cont d) Date Target Company Deal Type Stake % Buyer Country of Buyer Deal Industries Deal Value USD (mn) Jun-11 Dagi Giyim IPO 35 Institutional and private investors Apparel Manufacturing 15 Dec-11 Silk&Cashmere Minority stake purchase 50 Eastgate Capital Group UAE Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores 14 Mar-13 Celik Iplik Acquisition 55 Karkim Sondaj Turkey Textile Mills 14 May-11 Denim manufacturing factory in Kayseri Acquisition 100 Orta Anadolu Mensucat Turkey Textile Mills 14 Mar-12 Yarn factory in Zonguldak Acquisition 100 Dinarsu Imalat ve Ticaret Turkey Textile Mills 13 Jul-13 Ak-Tops Tekstil Sanayi Acquisition 40 Aksa Akrilik Kimya Turkey Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 11 Mar-12 Hitit Holding IPO 25 Institutional and private investors Holdings & Management of Companies and Enterprises 10 Feb-11 Metem Enerji ve Tekstil Minority stake purchase 19 Isiklar Holding Turkey Textile Mills 10 Jan-11 Hateks Hatay IPO 15 Institutional and private investors Textile Product Mills 9 Mar-10 Dunya Hali Acquisition 100 Beks Corap Turkey Textile Product Mills 8 Source: DealWatch - 23 -
Aksa Akrilik Kimya Financial performance (USD mn) Highlights 851 978 Ownership 907 85 108 109 37 57 93 2010 2011 2012 Net sales EBIDTA Net profit Shareholder Stake (%) Akkok Sanayi 39.59 Emniyet Ticaret 18.72 Other 41.69 Aksa Akrilik was established in 1968 and next year it entered into a license agreement with Italian acrylic manufacturer Chatillon (now Montefibre). The company launched production of staple fibre and tops in 1971. Currently, Aksa is the ninth largest carbon fibre manufacturer in the world and the only one in Turkey. It has an installed capacity of 308,000 tons/year and a 14% global market share. In 2011, Aksa signed a joint venture agreement with Dow Chemical Company under which it span off its carbon fibre business and sold half of it to the U.S. firm. Aksa is part of Turkey's Akkok Group, which includes 17 commercial and industrial companies, operating in the chemicals, energy and real estate sectors. In July 2013, Aksa Akrilik Kimya became full owner of its tops and bumps production and textiles dyeing unit Ak-Tops Tekstil after acquiring 40% of the company from Emniyet Ticaret and the Akkok group for USD 10.54mn. Source: Company data - 24 -
Aksa Akrilik Kimya (cont d) Domestic sales breakdown (June 2013) Exports breakdown (June 2013) Carpets 31% Africa 7% USA 18% China 18% Knitwear 60% Handknit 4% Other 5% Europe 21% Other 5% Middle East 31% Company investment (USD mn) Capacity utilisation (%) 159 93 95 96 45 86 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 Source: Company data - 25 -
Altinyildiz Mensucat Financial performance (TRY mn) Highlights 611 598 375 100 78 146 28 20 2010 2011 2012-63 Revenues EBIDTA Net profit/loss Production 13.7 11.5 9.5 1.5 1.9 1.8 2010 2011 2012 Altinyildiz Mensucat, part of Turkish non-food retail group Boyner Holding, started producing fabrics in 1952 and began garment manufacturing in 1995. The company produced 11.5 million m of fabrics and 1.8 million units of garment in 2012, when it worked at 86% and 97% of its capacity, respectively. Altinyildiz Mensucat produces clothing apparel under the Altinyildiz Tekstil, NetWork, Fabrika Altinyildiz and Que brands. It also manufactures for a number of local and international brands. The company operates a network of own stores, which stood at 109 at the end of 2012. Altinyildiz Mensucat employs nearly 2,700, including 870 in its textile division, 680 in its garments division and 1,120 in the retail unit AY Magazacilik. The company has been listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange since 1991. Currently, 20.8% of its shares are publicly traded. Fabrics (mn metres) Garment (mn units) Source: Company data - 26 -
Altinyildiz Mensucat (cont d) Sales Investment (USD mn) 9.2 14.1 11.1 20.9 20.3 3.8 5.6 6.1 7.6 2010 2011 2012 Fabrics (mn metres) Garment (mn units) Store sizes (sq m) 2010 2011 2012 Number of stores 29,329 22,049 91 125 103 100 109 133 16,342 13,898 12,517 13,097 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 Altinyildiz Retailer - Corner (including Boyner - YKM stores) Altinyildiz Retailer - Corner (including Boyner - YKM stores) Source: Company data - 27 -
Menderes Tekstil Financial performance (TRY mn) Highlights 303 380 410 32 75 11 49 28 2010 2011 2012 Net sales EBITDA Net profit/loss Balance sheet (TRY mn) -6 Menderes Tekstil is an integrated cotton and synthetic textiles producer. The company was established in Denizli, western Turkey, in 1958. Menderes Tekstil has an annual capacity of 1,060 tons of knitted fabrics, 2.4 million bedding sets, 6.3 million pillow covers and 28.08 million bed sheets. 2010 2011 2012 Fixed assets 187.9 182.5 192.7 Total assets 364.2 444.8 460.2 The company employs some 3,400 people. Menderes Tekstil is listed on Borsa Istanbul and 52% of its share capital is publicly-held. The company is part of Akca Holding, which has interests also in the food production, energy and car inspection sectors. Shareholders equity 229.6 278.8 272.7 Source: Company data - 28 -
Royal Hali Financial performance (TRY mn) Highlights 175 212 222 Royal Hali is a leading Turkish carpet and carpet yarn producer, based in Gaziantep, south-eastern Turkey. 40 43 51 8 7 2010 2011 2012 Net sales EBITDA Net profit/loss 27 The company was established by the Nakiboglu family in 2000 and now it is part of their Naksan Holding. Royal Hali produces under brands Royal Hali, Pierre Cardin and Atlas Hali. It acquired local rival Atlas Hali, established in Kayseri, central Turkey, in 2011. Balance sheet (TRY mn) 2010 2011 2012 Fixed assets 103.8 141.6 120.9 Total assets 217.3 274.8 230.3 Shareholders equity 57.9 107 136.8 Carpet operations account for 53% of the company s net sales, while the yarn operations contribute for a 38% share. Royal Hali sells 80% of its carpet output on the domestic market and exports over 90% of its yarn production. In April 2013, the company went public by selling 28.75% of its share capital for TRY 76.8mn (USD 42.7mn). Source: Company data - 29 -
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