CONFERENCE PROGRAMMEE Faculty of Navigation Gdynia Maritime University and have thee honour to invite to 10 t h INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE NAVIGATION AND SAFETY OF SEA TRANSPORTATION Trans snav 2013 Gdynia 2013
PROGRR AM O F THE CONFE RENCE Photo & Creation: A. Łuczak Conference Office: Department of Navigation Faculty of Navigation Gdynia Maritime University Al.. Jana Pawła II 3 81 345 Gdynia Poland 2 phone: + 48 588 6901136, +48 58 6616955 fax: + 48 58 6616955 e mail: transnav@am.gdynia.pl web site: http://transnav.am.gdynia.pl
Chairman of the Conference Prof. Adam Weintrit, FRIN, FNI, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Chairman of the Polish Branch of the Nautical Institute; Dean of the Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Scientific Programme Committee (List of rewriters): Prof. Sauli Ahvenjärvi, Member of Finnish Parliament; Satakunta Polytechnic, Rauma, Finland Prof. Roland Akselsson, Lund University, Sweden Prof. Lee Alexander, University of New Hampshire, United States Prof. Anatoli Alop, Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallin, Estonia Prof. Yasuo Arai, Senior Vice President of the IAIN (International Association of the Institutes of Navigation), Japan Prof. Vidal Ashkenazi, FRIN, Fellow of TransNav, Nottingham Scientific Ltd, United Kingdom Prof. Terje Aven, University of Stavanger (UiS), Stavanger, Norway Prof. Michael Baldauf (Germany), Word Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden Prof. Andrzej Banachowicz, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Prof. Marcin Barlik, Chairman of the Committee of Geodesy of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Michael Barnett, Southampton Solent University, United Kingdom Prof. Eugen Barsan, Master Mariner, Vice Rector of the Constanta Maritime University, Romania Prof. Milan Batista, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Prof. Angelica Baylon, Maritime Academy of Asia & the Pacific, Philippines Prof. Knud Benedict, Fellow of TransNav, University of Technology, Business and Design; University of Wismar, Maritime Simulation Centre Warnemünde, Germany Prof. Christophe Berenguer; Grenoble Institute of Technology, Saint Martin d'hères, France Prof. Heinz Peter Berg, Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany Prof. Tor Einar Berg, Norwegian Marine Technology Research Institute, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Carmine Giuseppe Biancardi, The University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy Prof. Jarosław Bosy, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Prof. Alfred Brandowski, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Burciu, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Sr. Jesus Carbajosa Menendez, President of Spanish Institute of Navigation, Spain Prof. Pierre Cariou (France), Word Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden Prof. William Cartwright, President of the International Cartographic Association (2007 2011); School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Prof. A. Güldem Cerit, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey Prof. Shyy Woei Chang, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Taiwan Prof. Adam Charchalis, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Andrzej Chudzikiewicz, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Frank Coolen, Durham University, United Kingdom Prof. Stephen J. Cross, Chairman of the International Marine Simulator Forum; Maritime Institute Willem Barentsz, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands Prof. Kevin Cullinane, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom Prof. Jerzy Czajkowski, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Krzysztof Czaplewski, Chairman of European Group of Institutes of Navigation (EUGIN); Polish Naval Academy, Gdynia, Poland Prof. German de Melo Rodriguez, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Prof. Decio Crisol Donha, Escola Politécnica Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil Prof. Eamonn Doyle, Fellow of TransNav; National Maritime College of Ireland, Cork Institute of Technology (ret.), Cork, Ireland 3
4 Prof. Daniel Duda, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, President of Polish Nautological Society; Polish Naval Academy, Gdynia, Poland Prof. Janusz Dyduch, Chairman of the Transport Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences; University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland Prof. Milan Džunda, Technical University of Košice, Slovakia Prof. Bernd Eisfeller, Director of the Institute of Geodesy and Navigation, University of FAF, Munich Germany Prof. Ahmed El Rabbany, University of New Brunswick; Ryerson University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Prof. Odd M. Faltinsen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Alfonso Farina, SELEX Sistemi Integrati, Rome, Italy Prof. Andrzej Fellner, Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland Prof. Andrzej Felski, Fellow of TransNav, President of Polish Navigation Forum; Polish Naval Academy, Gdynia, Poland Prof. Włodzimierz Filipowicz, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Börje Forssell, Secretary General of the Nordic Institute of Navigation; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Thor Inge Fossen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Alberto Francescutto, University of Trieste, Italy Prof. Jens Froese, Jacobs University Bremen, Germany Prof. Masao Furusho, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Chairman of the Japanese Branch of the Nautical Institute; Kobe University, Japan Prof. Wiesław Galor, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Jerzy Gaździcki, President of the Polish Association for Spatial Information, Warsaw, Poland Prof. Avtandil Gegenava, Master Mariner, Georgian Maritime Transport Agency, Head of Maritime Rescue Coordination Center, Georgia Prof. Witold Gierusz, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Jerzy Girtler, Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland Prof. Stanislaw Górski, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Martha R. Grabowski, Le Moyne College; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, United States Prof. Dorota Grejner Brzezinska, The Ohio State University, United States Prof. Marek Grzegorzewski, Polish Air Force Academy, Deblin, Poland Prof. Andrzej Grzelakowski, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Lucjan Gucma, Fellow of TransNav, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Stanisław Gucma, Master Mariner, President of Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Vladimir Hahanov, Kharkov National University of Radio Electronics, Kharkov, Ukraine Prof. Jerzy Hajduk, Master Mariner, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Hercules Haralambides, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands Prof. Kazuhiko Hasegawa, Osaka University, Japan Prof. Shogo Hayashi, Master Mariner, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan Prof. Bernhard Hofmann Wellenhof, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria Prof. Michał Holec, Fellow of TransNav, Co Founder of the Conference, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Qinyou Hu, Fellow of TransNav, Shanghai Maritime University, China Prof. Marek Idzior, Poznan University of Technology, Poland Prof. Stojce Dimov Ilcev, Master Mariner, Durban University of Technology, South Africa Prof. Toshio Iseki, President of Japan Institute of Navigation; Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan, Prof. Marianna Jacyna, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Ales Janota, University of Žilina, Slovakia Prof. Maurice Jansen, Netherlands Maritime University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Prof. Jacek Januszewski, Fellow of TransNav, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Piotr Jędrzejowicz, President of the Gdynia Maritime University, Poland; Poland
Prof. Jung Sik Jeong, Mokpo National Maritime University, Korea Prof. Tae Gweon Jeong, Master Mariner; Korean Maritime University, Pusan, Korea Prof. Yongxing Jin, Shanghai Maritime University, China Prof. Zofia Jóźwiak, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Mirosław Jurdziński, FNI, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Vice Chairman of the Polish Branch of the Nautical Institute; Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Paweł Kabacik, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Tadeusz Kaczorek, Fellow of TransNav, Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw University of Technology; Bialystok University of Technology, Poland Prof. John Kemp, FRIN, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Royal Institute of Navigation, London, United Kingdom Prof. Björn Kjerfve (United States), President of the World Maritime University (WMU), Malmö, Sweden States Prof. Hiroaki Kobayashi, Tokyo Univesity of Marine Science and Technology, Japan Prof. Lech Kobyliński, Fellow of TransNav, Polish Academy of Sciences; Gdansk University of Technology; Ilawa Ship Handling Resesarch and Training Centre, Poland Prof. Krzysztof Kołowrocki, Chairman of the Polish Safety and Reliability Association; Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Serdjo Kos, University of Rijeka, Croatia Prof. Nobuyoshi Kouguchi, Kobe University, Japan Prof. Eugeniusz Kozaczka, Polish Acoustical Society; Gdansk University of Technology, Poland Prof. Andrzej Królikowski, Master Mariner, Director of the Maritime Office in Gdynia, Poland Prof. Ryszard Krystek, Motor Transport Institute, Warsaw, Poland Prof. Pentti Kujala, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Prof. Jan Kulczyk, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Krzysztof Kulpa, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland Prof. Shashi Kumar, Master Mariner, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy (Kings Point), New York, United States Prof. Bogumił Łączyński, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Andrzej Lenart, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Nadav Levanon, Tel Aviv University, Israel Prof. Andrzej Lewiński, University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland Prof. Józef Lisowski, Fellow of TransNav, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Poland Prof. Vladimir Loginovsky, Admiral Makarov State Maritime Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Prof. Mirosław Luft, University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland Prof. Zbigniew Łukasik, President of University of Technology and Humanities in Radom; Poland Prof. Evgeniy Lushnikov (Russian Federation), Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Melchor M. Magramo, John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University, Iloilo City, Philippines Prof. Marek Malarski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Francesc Xavier Martinez de Oses, Polytechnical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Prof. Jerzy Matusiak, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Prof. Bolesław Mazurkiewicz, Gdansk University of Technology (ret.); Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Boyan Mednikarov, Nikola Y. Vaptsarov Naval Academy, Varna, Bulgaria Prof. Andreas Merikas, University of Piraeus, Pireus, Greece Prof. Jerzy Merkisz; Poznań University of Technology, Poland Prof. Jerzy Mikulski, President of the Polish Association of Transport Telematics; Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland Prof. Janusz Mindykowski, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Józef Modelski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Daniel Seong Hyeok Moon (Korea), Master Mariner, World Maritime University, Malmoe, Sweden Prof. Wacław Morgaś, Polish Naval Academy, Gdynia, Poland Prof. Reinhard Mueller, Chairman of the DGON Maritime Commission, Germany 5
6 Prof. Proshanto Mukherjee (United Kingdom), AFRIN, FNI; World Maritime University, Malmoe, Sweden Prof. Takeshi Nakazawa, (Japan), World Maritime University, Malmoe, Sweden; IAMU Secretary (Nippon Foundation), Japan Prof. Janusz Narkiewicz, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Rudy R. Negenborn, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Prof. Nikitas Nikitakos, Fellow of TransNav, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece Prof. Andy Norris, Chairman of the International Electrotechnical Commission's committee responsible for marine bridge equipment; The Royal Institute of Navigation; University of Nottingham, United Kingdom Prof. Theo Notteboom, University of Antwerp; Antwerp Maritime Academy, Antwerp, Belgium Prof. Gabriel Nowacki, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland Prof. Tomasz Nowakowski, President of the Polish Logistics Association; Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland Prof. Wiesław Ostachowicz; Institute of Fuid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdański, Poland Prof. Stanisław Oszczak, FRIN, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Prof. Gyei Kark Park, Fellow of TransNav, President, Korea Institute of Intelligent Systems; Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo, Korea Prof. Jin Soo Park, Vice President of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research; Korea Maritime University, Pusan, Korea Mr. David Patraiko, FNI, Nautical Institute, United Kingdom Prof. Vytautas Paulauskas, Master Mariner, Maritime Institute College, Klaipeda University, Lithuania Prof. Jan Pawelski, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Thomas Pawlik, Bremen University of Applied Sciences, Germany Prof. Zbigniew Pietrzykowski, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Francisco Piniella, University of Cadiz, Spain Prof. Malek Pourzanjani, President of Raffles University Iskandar, Malaysia Prof. Boris Pritchard, University of Rijeka, Croatia Prof. Refaat Rashad, Master Mariner, President of the Arab Institute of Navigation; Chairman of the International Transport Research Center (INTREC); Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt Prof. Jonas Ringsberg, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Prof. Michael Roe, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom Prof. Jerzy B. Rogowski, MRIN, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Hermann Rohling, President of the DGON German Institute of Navigation; Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany Prof. Władysław Rymarz, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner; Gdynia Maritime University (ret.), Poland Prof. Osman Kamil Sag, Rector of the Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Abdul Hamid Saharuddin, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Malaysia Prof. Aydin Salci, Istanbul Technical University, Maritime Faculty, ITUMF, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Jens Uwe Schröder Hinrichs (Germany), Master Mariner, World Maritime University, Malmoe, Sweden Prof. Viktoras Sencila, Lithuanian Maritime Academy, Klaipeda, Lithuania Prof. Chaojian Shi, Fellow of TransNav, Shanghai Maritime University, China Prof. Shigeaki Shiotani, Kobe University, Japan Prof. Jacek Skorupski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof. Wojciech Ślączka, Master Mariner, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Roman Śmierzchalski, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland Prof. Leszek Smolarek, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Henryk Śniegocki, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Jac Spaans, Netherlands Institute of Navigation, The Netherlands Prof. Cezary Specht, Polish Naval Academy, Gdynia, Poland Cmdr. Bengt Stahl, Nordic Institute of Navigation, Sweden
Prof. Andrzej Stateczny, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Andrzej Stepnowski, Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland Prof. Janusz Szpytko, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland Prof. Elżbieta Szychta, University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland Prof. Leszek Szychta, University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland Prof. El Thalassinos, University of Piraeus, Greece Prof. Vladimir Torskiy, FNI, Master Mariner, Chairman of the Ukrainian Branch of the Nautical Institute; Odessa National Maritime Academy, Ukraine Prof. Gert F. Trommer, Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe, Germany Prof. Lysandros Tsoulos, National Technical University of Athens, Greece Prof. Mykola Tsymbal, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Odessa National Maritime Academy, Ukraine Prof. Elen Twrdy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Capt. Rein van Gooswilligen, Master Mariner, President of The Netherlands Institute of Navigation; Netherlands Prof. Nguyen Van Thu, Rector of the Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Vietnam Prof. Marc Vantorre, Ghent University, Belgium Prof. Dracos Vassalos, University of Glasgow and Strathclyde, United Kingdom Prof. František Vejražka, FRIN, Fellow of TransNav, President of Czech Institute of Navigation; Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic Prof. George Yesu Vedha Victor, International Seaport Dredging Limited, Chennai, India Prof. Peter Voersmann, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ortung und Navigation (DGON), Germany Prof. Vladimir A. Volkogon, Baltic Fishing Fleet State Academy, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation Prof. Jin Wang, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom Prof. Ryszard Wawruch, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Wojciech Wawrzyński, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Prof.. Ruan Wei, Shanghai Maritime University, China Prof. Adam Weintrit, FRIN, FNI, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Chairman of the Polish Branch of the Nautical Institute; Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Prof. Bernard Wiśniewski, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Willi Wittig, Master Mariner, Bremen University of Applied Sciences, Germany Prof. Krystyna Wojewódzka Król, University of Gdańsk, Poland Prof. Adam Wolski, Master Mariner, Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland Prof. Jia Jang Wu, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Prof. Min Xie, National University of Singapore, Singapore Prof. Hideo Yabuki, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan Prof. Lu Yilong, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Prof. Homayoun Yousefi, Chabahar Maritime University, Iran Prof. Janusz Zieliński, Space Research Centre, Warsaw, Poland Prof. Enrico Zio, Chairman of the European Safety and Reliability Association ESRA; Politecnico di Milano, Italy 7
Honorary Committee: Capt. Anna Wypych Namiotko, Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Transport, Construction and Maritime Economy, Warsaw, Poland Mr. Jerzy Melaniuk, one person Management Board of the Port of Gdańsk Authority SA Capt. Sivaraman Krishnamurthi, FNI President of the Nautical Institute, London Prof. Piotr Jędrzejowicz Rector of Gdynia Maritime University Conference Host: Prof. Adam Weintrit Dean of the Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University Editor: Prof. Adam Weintrit Dean of the Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University Co Editor Tomasz Neumann 8
Organizational Committee: Chairman: Secretary: Members: Prof. Dr. Adam Weintrit, Master Mariner, FNI, FRIN Dean of Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University Head of Polish Branch of the Nautical Institute Mr. Tomasz Neumann, MSc Mr. Andrzej Bomba, MSc, Head of Technical Committee Mr. Piotr Kopacz, MSc Mr. Dariusz Krucki, BSc Mrs. Maria Łozińska, Msc Mrs. Joanna Rogowska, MSc Ms. Hanna Pleger, BSc Mrs. Dorota Rajmańska Mrs. Magdalena Zuzelska Hydrographic Office of the Polish Navy Conference Co Organizers: Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University The Nautical Institute http://transnav.am.gdynia.pl; http://www.nautinst.org; http://www.am.gdynia.pl Partners: Ministry of of Transport, Construction and Maritime Economy, Poland Maritime Office in Gdynia Hydrographic Office of The Polish Navy Polish Academy of Science, Committee of Transport Polish Academy of Science, Committee of Geodesy Polish Navigation Forum Polish Nautological Society Polish Hydrographic Society Polish Association of Transport Telematics Polish Association for Spatial Information Polish Associations of Master Mariners Polish Branch of the Nautical Institute Student Scientific Circle "Navigator", Gdynia Maritime University, The Faculty of Navigation Media Partners: TransNav - The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Seaways - The International Journal of The Nautical Institute Coordinates - A monthly magazine on positioning, navigation and beyond Hydro International InsideGNSS European Journal of Navigation Archives of Transport Archives of Transport System Telematics The International Hydrographic Review Drogi Budownictwo infrastrukturalne 9
Opening Address for Ladies and Gentlemen, I am delighted to accept the Honorary Patronage of the 10 th Jubilee International TransNav Conference 2013 on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. Nautical science is essential for maritime safety and it is important for me personally, in a view of my present professional position, to support all the measures and activities that may increase the safety of seafarers and all shipping on the world s oceans. As I am responsible for maritime affairs in Poland, the question of maritime safety is among the issues especially close to my heart, the more so that I am not only an Undersecretary of State but also a seafarer. The Maritime Administration in Poland is deeply involved in the process of improving safety conditions at sea. This process is carried out at three levels. On the national, nonconventional, level the Administration is working continuously towards improving the safety of fishing boats, domestic passenger ships and pleasure craft. This is being done with due attention to the needs and safety of those who work hard or enjoy spending their leisure time at sea. On the European level, we are fully involved in executing robust European maritime safety legal provisions, and we follow closely the development of new European maritime safety law, being deeply engaged in the process of its implementation. On the global level, we fully participate in all IMO meetings, being engaged in its Committees and Subcommittees, and we contribute to many initiatives dedicated to maritime safety. We also support the initiatives of our colleagues from fellow Member States. I believe that this Conference will help in further developing new maritime safety initiatives. Ladies and Gentlemen, I wish you much fruitful discussion and many new bright ideas, which will help to improve the level of safety and save more lives and vessels at sea. Thank You very much for your attention. Capt. Anna Wypych-Namiotko Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Transport, Building and Maritime Economy, Poland 10
Effective Navigation - The Challenge and the Roadmap Ladies and Gentlemen, It s an honour to join you all at this very important event. I thank the organizers for asking me to share my thoughts with this august gathering. My congratulations to the TransNav team on it s 10th anniversary. The Maritime world has started to look to this annual event as an important date its calendar. The scope of this conference is as wide as it is magnificent. It s everything a navigator would wish to learn from. However, I do hope that with the passion and engrossing technical detail that these papers promise, we will also take care not to lose sight of the noble objective that we are all gathered here for. That is to enhance safe navigation and efficient sea-transport. The debates and discussions over the next three days can therefore be seen as a means to meeting this simple objective. As my team and I travel around the world to represent the Nautical Institute s views, we are greeted with a great deal of interest and high regard. This is because the Institute is possibly the most respected independent, international body for and of nautical professionals. The rich sea-going experience and expertise of our members is deemed very valuable. We are collectively humbled that the world wishes to listen to us. There are only a few good professional men and women who know their way around oceans and boats. It is no exaggeration that just over a million seafarers keep the 6 billion people of the world warm and free from hunger. They do so at considerable personal risk as they sail across increasingly turbulent oceans to call on increasingly hostile ports. These are the people on whom the world depends for their food, shelter, energy and their very survival. Any maritime discussion around the world is ultimately all about bringing home those goods and people safely and efficiently. And doing this in a consistent and sustainable manner year after year. As a tribute to the indomitable spirit of the seafarer, I would be very grateful if the papers and outcomes of this Conference can be made available to our Institute members electronically. What the world demands of maritime transport is simple. - 100% safe and reliabile seatransport with the least possible consumption of the planet s resources. To the skeptics even within shipping industry, this may look like an impossible and unrealistic challenge, given the size and diversity of the maritime transport sector. Let me put you at ease and place this challenge in perspective. Shipping service is already at around 99.96% reliability level in terms of goods and people safely delivered. For a trillion dollar industry, high value, high profile navigational incident claims account for half a billion USD each year. I have taken care not to say only half a billion dollars since it is my fond wish that the deliberations and ideas that will follow at TransNav will eventually lead to the reduction of such losses. Sea-transport boasts of the least greenhouse gas emission per ton-mile of cargo hauled compared with any other mode of transport, rail, road or heaven help us, air. Shipping can only benchmark against itself as far as energy efficiency is concerned and work to improving on it. What we are faced with is what I call the last mile syndrome. As the saying goes about Perfection, achieving the last 1% consumes 99% of our intellectual energy. I believe that is what Conferences like this are all about covering the most arduous last lap of this race to be the most socially responsible sector of the global economy. Interestingly, we are talking about a sector that is indispensable to global economy. 11
With the world focused on environmental sustainability, ship operations, ship design and ship recycling industry will increasingly revolve around the imperatives of energy efficiency. As economies battles ever so intensely for resources on dry ground, resources from the sea and beneath the waves will continue to draw humanity increasingly offshore. This presents both an opportunity and a challenge for the shipping community to ensure that we exploit the resources of the sea safely and responsibly. It might interest you to know that the Nautical Institute is developing a guidance document for Marine Spatial Planning. Moving closer to the soul of the TransNav theme, most of you would be aware that the Nautical Institute continues to actively contribute to the development of IMO s e-navigation strategy from its infancy till date. The Norwegian flag is leading and collating the inputs of the correspondence group prior submitting the implementation plan to successive Nav subcommittees. The current focus of the Institute is to ensure verifiable reliability and resilience of critical navigational systems. I d like to eventually see these features extend to the ship s propulsion and steering system as well. We are also very keen to ensure an ergonomic, human centered design of the bridge layout that supports decision-making, eliminate low priority distractions and positively engage the navigator. Within this framework, standardized display of MSI, software integrity and a robust means of alerting the watch-keeper of insidious error chains are high on our priority list. The seamless and automated integration of ship and shore users of MSI is expected to create an additional layer of safety and efficiency of ship operations. With all the buzz that goes into position, heading, timing and collision avoidance systems, there is always a danger of somewhat neglecting the closest hazard, namely the shallow seabed beneath the keel of the ship. It will be interesting to see if an elegant technology solution will emerge at this forum. Finally, if we are to meaningfully exploit the value of the technology that we intend to apply to the navigation of sea-going craft, we all need to reflect on the profile of the next generation of navigators and how we will educate, train and prepare them for a navigational matrix significantly different from those worked by his predecessors. It is very exciting to see all these elements covered in minute technical detail at TransNav. I hope to leave enriched after the interactions with such a galaxy of experts and specialists. Thank you Capt. Sivaraman Krishnamurthi, President of the Nautical Institute 12
Message from the Rector of Gdynia Maritime University Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have a great pleasure and honour to welcome Distinguished Guests and all Conference Participants at Gdynia Maritime University. This year event, organized jointly by Faculty of Navigation from our University and the Nautical Institute under the title 10 th International Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, have gathered leading researchers from all over the world, active in the field of the Conference. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all participants for their support, contributions and for coming to Gdynia. It is not by chance, that our University is hosting this Conference as well as was hosting all 9 of its previous editions. Safety of sea transportation and marine navigation are among our internationally recognized research specializations and both constitute the main focus in education of future navigation officers, studying at our University. Program of this Conference offers a variety of excellent contributions. Their topics have been evolving and growing during last 20 years since the first TransNav Symposium was held. Under the heading of the main conference topics there are now listed more than 120 specific thematic areas. Their range goes from Nautical Science and Marine Navigation to Maritime Economics and from Safety and Security of Maritime Shipping to Coastal Zone Management and Offshore Energy, Gas and Oil, to name just a few examples. I hope that this jubilee meeting will be fruitful in terms of both, gaining new knowledge and, what is equally important, extending and tightening the contacts within maritime research community. I wish the participants and organizers of the Conference intellectual satisfaction, new contacts, and beneficial exchange of ideas. I wish you also a nice and pleasant stay in Gdynia. Last but not least I would like to congratulate Faculty of Navigation for a successful transition from a local-scale symposium into one of the most important scientific events involving the world-wide community working on safety of shipping and related areas. Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me declare that the 10 th International Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation is now open. Prof. Dr. Piotr Jędrzejowicz Rector of Gdynia Maritime University 13