GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR BUS RAPID TRANSIT DELIVERY Daniel García Deputy Minister of Transport Republic of Colombia January 2007
Colombian Federal Transit Policy THE PROBLEMATIC OF TRANSIT IN COLOMBIA Structural Causes I. Institutional weakness II. Inadequate regulation Negative impacts on transit users Transit-supply problems 1. Travel Time i. Fleet surplus 2. safety ii. Inadequate routes and operation 3. Service quality iii. Obsolete rolling-stock 4. reliability 5. Fare cost Negative externalities on Infraestructure-supply problems a. Accident rates A. Underutilzation b. Environment B. Poor quality c. Energy use C. Unsustainable d. Traffic Congestion D. Inequitable e. Urban development Source: Documento CONPES 3167 of 2002
Colombian Federal Transit Policy THE SOLUTION A Federal Transit Policy aimed at improving the mobility of users between different origins and destinations, with specific targets according to the city s size: Intermediate-sized cities: Population between between 300.000 and 600.000 Traffic management Transit reorganization Development of strategic transport systems Large Cities: Population over 600.000 Delivery of Bus Rapid Transit Systems (BRTS) through Institutional support, training and assistance in traffic and transit planning, management and control. Establishment of a more adequate regulatory framework Ley 310 de 1996, operation permits granted through competitive tenders, etc. Introduction of policies to use road and public space efficiently.
BRTS FEATURES High capacity buses. Trunk, auxiliary and feeder services Dedicated infrastructure (segregated, exclusive use lanes, bus stops and stations) Demand adjusted services and schedules Fare collection is in charge of a firm dedicated to fare collection and access control. Agency responsible for the planning, delivery, operation and control of the system. (Delivery Agency) No operational subsidies Sources: Megabus S.A. y Transmilenio S.A.
DELIVERY SCHEME Public Private Partnership Private sector: Acquisition and operation of rolling-stock and some supporting infrastructure like busyards. Fare collection and access control. Provision of operation monitoring equipment. Public Sector: Delivery of infrastructure, busways, busstops and stations. In charge of planning, operating and controlling the BRTS
Achievements so far INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK (Infrastructure delivery) IN CHARGE OF Ministry of Finance Ministry of Transport Office of the Deputy Minister Co-ordination Unit DNP Establish National Policies on Transit Follow-up and monitor compliance of national policies by local authorities and delivery agencies. Local authorities Define, deliver and manage their respective transport and transit agendas, in observance of national policies. Delivery Agencies Sign, together with Delivery Agencies and Federal Government, BRTS co-financing agreements. Fiduciary Receives and administers municipal and federal funds and pays contractors.
SOURCES OF FUNDING FEDERAL POLICY Improving the quality of life of 15 million Colombians in 14 cities WORLD BANK Amount : US$250 million Bogotá (NQS),Cartagena, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga, Pereira y Valle de Aburrá BID Amount: U$200 million Cali CAF Amount: U$45 millones Bogotá (Av.Suba)
DELIVERY OF BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS Land Use Plan PND Ficha BPIN Transport Authority Influence area CONPES Federal funds Local funds Co-financing agreement Federal task Cities task Prerequisites Delivery Agency Prefeasibility Conceptual Design Project structuring Studies Detailed infrastructure designs Delivery BRTS state of advance Tender processes Construction Soacha Cali* Cartagena Barranquilla Bucaramanga Valle Aburrá Operation Bogotá - Av. Suba Bogotá - Américas, Cl 13 - NQS Pereira
Barranquilla s Metropolitan Area (TRANSMETRO) Cartagena, D.T y C: (TRANSCARIBE) Bucaramanga s Metropolitan Area : (METROLINEA) Valle de Aburrá-Medellín: (METROPLUS) Pereira-Dosquebradas: (MEGABUS) Bogotá Soacha: (TRANSMILENIO) Santiago de Cali: (MIO-METROCALI)
Achievements so far: Delivery Agencies established Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga Bogotá Santiago de Cali Municipio de Soacha Valle de Aburrá Cartagena Distrito Turístico y Cultural Distrito de Barranquilla y Área Metropolitana Área Metropolitana del Centro Occidente
Achievements so far Clear institutional framework. Federal Government monitoring and Coordination BRTS Unit set-up within the Ministry of Transport. Loan agreements have been signed with Multilateral banks and significant support has been received from them. Participation of Federal Government has been authorized by the CONPES and Cofinancing agreements have been signed for all BRTS All eligible cities for BRTS have started construction work. BRTS for Pereira and Dosquebradas (MEGABUS) commissioned in august 2006.
Problems encountered / solutions. 1. Utility networks: Lack of detailed inventory Utilities cannot presently afford expansion or renewal, and charging them for such interventions has been difficult. Delays in approval of infrastructure designs by utilities. 2. Designs and tender processes: 3. Funding for indivicual projects. Infrastructure designs have required extensive adjustments to comply with operational requirements. Lack of participation and ownership of local authorities during design phase. Learning and compliance of Multilateral Banks procurment norms and safeguards. Signing of co-financing agreements with local authorities and delivery agencies. Compliance of Banks procurment norms and safeguards was a condition for disbursement of credit monies. 4. Operation Preparation of tender documents Project socialization to potential bidders.
BRT Information Operational Data City/Metropolitan Area Length of trunk corridors (km) Number of transfer stations % of transit demand served Sector with highest load Pax/day BRTS fleet Current fleet AMCO (Pereira - Dosquebradas) 16 2 46% 7,000 142,000 137 1,100 Cartagena 14.9 1 70% 11,200 334,000 373 1,900 Barranquilla 13.2 2 28% 10,300 300,000 294 4,300 Valle de Aburrá (Medellín) 13 1 30% 8,000 170,000 1,485 7,500 Bucaramanga 8.6 4 63% 10,000 600,000 302 1,900 Bogotá 84 7 25% 35,000 1,400,000 1,265 21,000 Soacha 5.9 2 75% 12,400 150,000 215 3,000 Sources: Delivery agencies. Cali 49.5 8 92% 12,000 875,000 913 4,200
BRT Operational Benefits City/Metropolitan Area Fleet surplus to be eliminated (Total) Operation cost savings Benefits / Savings per year (US$) Travel time savings Accident reduction savings Pollution savings AMCO (Pereira - Dosquebradas) 500 6,500,000 N.A. 1,600,000 1,100,000 Cartagena 1,300 11,500,000 13,500,000 370,000 270,106 Barranquilla 1,200 12,600,000 2,000,000 690,000 1,700,000 Valle de Aburrá (Medellín) 2,000 4,600,000 3,800,000 N.A. N.A. Bucaramanga 1,100 33,300,000 N.A. 830,000 810,318 Bogotá 3,700 130,000,000 30,000,000 N.A. N.A. Soacha 730 5,500,000 1,050,000 N.A. N.A. Cali 4,000 138,900,000 31,500,000 N.A. N.A. Sources: Studies of Conceptual Design. Figures converted to US$ based on an exchange rate of Col$2221.35/US$
Other BRT Benefits Cali - Cra 1 after Recovery of public space that had been lost to cars. Source: MetroCali S.A.
Other BRT Benefits High-quality public space and urban furniture. Pereira - Cra 6 before Source: Megabus S.A. Cra 6 in operation
Other BRT Benefits High-quality public space and urban furniture. Cartagena City center (artist s impression) Source: TransCaribe S.A.
Other BRT Benefits Priority for transit in the use of road space Pereira - Cra 10 before Pereira - Cra 10 after Source: Megabus S.A.
Other BRT Benefits Priority for transit in the use of road space Transit caos in Bogotá Transit and urban transformation Sources: TRANSMILENIO S.A.
Other BRT Benefits Cali - Cra 1 between Cll 62 and Cll 70 New infraestructure increases potential for urban regeneration Cali - Bus stop Source: MetroCali S.A.
Other BRT Benefits Promotion of nonmotorized means of transport through integration. Source: Transmilenio S.A.
MIO Santiago de Cali GENERAL INFORMATION 49km trunk corridors 94km auxiliary corridors 112km feeder corridors US$409 million (2002 constant US$) Source: MetroCali S.A. Fuente: http//www.metrocali.gov.co
TRANSCARIBE Cartagena D.T.. y C. GENERAL INFORMATION 14,9km trunk corridors Col $228.900 million (2003 currency) PATIO-TALLER-PORTAL TERMINAL INTERMEDIA AMPARO Source: TransCaribe S.A.
TRANSMETRO Barranquilla - Soledad MAR CARIBE RIO GENERAL INFORMATION 13,2km trunk corridors Col$199.322 million (2003 currency) Via de la playa Est. Transferencia Romelio Martínez Avenida la maria Par Vial Av Olaya 1 y 2 MAGDALENA Terminal Barranquillita Av Murillo 1, 2 y 3 Avenida soledad Carrera 38 Carretera de la cordialidad Carrera 22 Calle 30 Terminal Soledad Source: Transmetro S.A. AEROPUER TO
METROPLUS Medellín Envigado Itagüi GENERAL INFORMATION 13km trunk corridors in Medellín 3,78km in Envigado 11,27km in Itagüí Col$205.340 million (2002 currency) Cable Nororiental Cable Pajarito Troncal U. de M. - Aranjuez Anillos del Centro Pretroncal Av. Guayabal Pretroncal Av. Poblado Source: Metroplus S.A.
METROLINEA Bucaramanga Floridablanca Piedecuesta Girón GENERAL INFORMATION 8,6km trunk corridors 36,2km pretrunk corridors 61km feeder corridors Col $267.340 million (2003 currency) Source: Metrolínea S.A.
TRANSMILENIO Bogotá D.C. Carrera 7ª. GENERAL INFORMATION Phases I and II (in operation): 84km trunk corridors US$640 million (2002 constant US$) Autopista Norte Avenida Suba Calle 80 Calle 26 Carrera 10ª. NQS Américas Avenida Caracas Source: Transmilenio S.A.
TRANSMILENIO EXTENSION Soacha GENERAL INFORMATION Bogotá NQS Trunk Corridor Extension into Soacha 6km trunk corridor Col$94.700 million (2005 currency) Soacha Source: Documento CONPES 3185 of 2002
MEGABUS Pereira - Dosquebradas GENERAL INFORMATION 16,7km trunk corridors Col$135.000 million (2006 currency) Source: Megabus S.A.
Source: Megabus S.A.
GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR BUS RAPID TRANSIT DELIVERY Daniel García Deputy Minister of Transport Republic of Colombia January 2007