Institut für Rundfunktechnik ITU Workshop: The Regulatory Environment for Future Mobile Multimedia Services Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence Federal Network Agency, Mainz 21st to 23rd June 2006 Dr. Chris Weck Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik, Muenchen 1
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence How does new technology and convergence affect broadcasting? (1) User behaviour has changed (e.g. Radio, from past till today) Stationary radio - audio only same portable (e.g. kitchen radio, car radio) Stationary radio - with video (e.g. MTV, VIVA) same portable, based on portable TV (e.g. over DVB-T) Mobile radio Radio audio only e.g. FM receivers on mobile phones, DAB, Podcasting (Ipod, MP3) Radio with video and multimedia e.g. DAB, DMB, DVB-H -> Mobile Broadcast 2
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence How does new technology and convergence affect broadcasting? (2) More service requirements more services & more quality Radio (e.g. audio only) Portable TV (SDTV) Stationary TV & Radio Advanced quality (e.g. HDTV, surround sound) Mobile broadcast (Radio, Multimedia, TV / LDTV) Interactivity More services require more programme distribution ways! 3
Broadcasting in an Era of Convergence How does new technology and convergence affect broadcasting? (3) Mobile Broadcast The use of traditional radio and television in the future will be extended significantly to mobile devices Public broadcast services as well as other traditional free-to-air services (Radio and TV) has to be made available to mobile devices Combination of commercial and traditional free-to-air broadcast services as well as individual communication and multimedia services Mobile broadcast requires additional programme distribution ways! 4
Competition in the use of frequencies Conclusion 1: additional service requirements and user behaviour require more programme distribution ways require more frequency resources for emmission Requirements for use of frequencies depends on Service planning and goal for coverage Frequency efficiency e.g. dense networks or broadcast networks Network costs Regional/local population coverage or area coverage Transmission system for emmission Number of programmes, quality, coverage size, goal for users 5
Mobile Broadcast Extension of Existing Transmission Systems DAB-based Systems DAB DMB IP over Enhanced Packet Mode BT-Livetime The German DXB Project DVB-T-based Systems DVB-T DVB-H Mobile-based Systems MBMS of UMTS or S-UMTS IT-based Systems WLAN, WIMAX Others ISDB-T MediaFLO, Aloah DMB T-DAB Terrestrial Digital Audio Broadcasting DVB-H DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial MBMS UMTS Broadcasting over Mobile Networks WLAN IT Hotspots WIMAX 6
IP-based Services Could Help to Harmonise the Use of DAB and DVB-T services are offered independently from the physical bearer IP as a transparent layer between service and bearer Multimedia Services Multimedia Audio DMB DATA Organisation CMBS of Services / BCAST System functions (ESG, ) TV IP (Internet IPPotocol) MOT edab MBMS Interaction DVB-H T-DAB GSM / UMTS DVB-T 7
Bandwidth and TV Channel Spacing DAB / DMB DVB-T / DVB-H 1,2 Mbit/s Transmission Power 18 Mbit/s 12 Mbit/s 6 Mbit/s DMB multiplex TV Chanel (VHF) e.g. 7 audio programmes or 3 video programmes TV Channel (VHF or UHF) DVB-H multiplex 35, 70 or 105 audio programmes 15, 30 or 45 video programmes 8
Population Density in Germany 9
Population Density in Germany area / % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 total number of inhabitants (2002): 82536680 total area: 352022 square kilometres population / % 10
TV Coverage Mainly in Highly Populated Areas DVB-T planning for 90 % to 95 % area for roof-top antenna portable indoor in city areas (approximately 50 %) Areas with 50 % of population 11
Area Coverage for Audio Broadcasting DAB aiming at 99,x % area for mobile reception (large SFN) aim: audio broadcasting for > 95 % of area for portable indoor Digital Radio has to work in every kitchen! 12
Mobile Broadcast as Add-on to TV DVB-T planning for 90 % to 95 % area for roof-top antenna portable indoor in city areas (approximately 50 %) Gebiete mit 50 % erreichter Bevölkerung DVB-H planning together with DVB-T specific DVB-H-Networks in cities tendency for dense networks e.g. 1 km to 5 km 13
Mobile Broadcast as Add-on to Audio Broadcast DAB aiming at 99,x % area for mobile reception (large SFN) aim: Audio broadcasting for > 95 % of area for portable indoor DMB as DAB? DAB audio broadcasting and some few DMB programmes in the area? 14
Population Density in Germany area / % trade-off: 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 network payment for few programmes in the area or 10 times more programmes in highly populated areas 0 20 40 60 80 100 population / % total number of inhabitants (2002): 82 536 680 total area: 352 022 square kilometres Question: Where to use the money? 15
What is the business concept? Commercial benefit Revenue of mobile broadcast services in highly populated areas is 5 times higher compared to a full area coverage No commercial reason to provide services in the full area, except if the market may be fully saturated Digital Divide Cheap access in cities No or expensive access in the area Social political benefit To offer a (sub)set of mobile free-to-air broadcast services to everybody everywhere independent whether they are rich or poor or whether they live in the country or in a city 16
Combination of Commercial and Free-to-Air Mobile Broadcast Services is required. Examples in Germany: DMB Commercial service of MFD watcha L-Band (incl. free-to-air-service ZDF) Project Mifriends 1 VHF multiplex in Regensburg, Transalb, Bodensee 2 VHF multipexes in Munich DVB-H Various pilot projects for commercial use Part of a DVB-T multiplex of e.g. Bayerischer Rundfunk is used for 3 DVB-H services in south bavaria 17
Watcha (MFD) Service access, mobile phones Format Service offer Berlin DMB 1 TV N24: (News) Köln DMB 2 TV MTV Music Frankfurt DMB 3 TV ProSieben.Sat1: (Comedy, Entertainment) Nürnberg DMB 4 TV ZDF: (Public Broadcaster, free access, start with simulcast) Stuttgart München DMB 5 Radio Data services (DAB/MOT) bigfm2see: (nation-wide radio programme, with still pictures visual Radio EPG planned 18
European DMB Project MIFRIENDS Bodensee Regensburg München Demonstration in Munich during the FIFA Worldcup 2006: start on 7th June 06 dual band (VHF, L-Band) 400 DMB-Test-Handys USB-Stick DMB devices trials with test persons/users Transalp 19
Commercial and Free-To-Air Business Models public broadcasting licence costs services n K R + n K P costs for programme distribution n + m programmes for end-users (N = m + n) FTA mobile phone licence costs services m K R + m K P + K E costs for programme distribution Abo costs for subsidised receivers The customer pays subscription fee for only m programmes, but receives m + n free-to-air programmes. win-win 20
Conclusion Mobile Broadcast includes digital radio, radio with video and digital TV to mobiles the custumer will use traditional free-to-air broadcast services together with commercial and individual multimedia services Goals for regulation Capacity for traditional radio and TV broadcasting in the digital world (DAB, DVB-T) Capacity for mobile broadcast services not only for market-driven commercial services, but also for free-to-air reception of radio and TV with repect to the user behaviour of future mobile users living anywhere in the country 21
Thank you for your attention! This presentation is protected by copyright. Any reproduction needs prior permission by the author. This copyright note shall not be removed. Dr. Chris Weck General Manager Programme Distribution Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik Floriansmuehlstraße 60 80939 Muenchen Germany fon +49-(0)89-32399-330 fax +49-(0)89-32399-354 e-mail: weck@irt.de 22