Assessment Chapter Test A Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided. 1. What is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined? MIXs2 a. element b. compound c. mixture d. solution 2. If a spoonful of salt is mixed in a glass of water, what is the water called? MIXs3 a. solute b. solution c. solvent d. element 3. What is a solid solution of a metal or nonmetal dissolved in a metal? a. suspension MIXs3 b. alloy c. colloid d. compound 4. A colloid has properties of both suspensions and MIXs3 a. solutions. b. solvents. c. solutes. d. nonmetals. 5. What is formed when particles of two or more substances are distributed evenly among each other? MIXs3 a. compound b. suspension c. solution d. element 6. The flammability of a substance is MIXs1 a. a chemical property. b. related to the density. c. a physical property. d. changeable. Holt Science and Technology 43 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
7. How is a compound different from a mixture? MIXs2,s3 a. Compounds have two or more components. b. Each substance in a compound loses its characteristic properties. c. Compounds are commonly found in nature. d. Solids, liquids, and gases can form compounds. 8. The particles in both a solution and a colloid MIXs3 a. cannot scatter light. b. can settle out. c. are soluble. d. can pass through a fine filter. 9. When elements form mixtures, the elements MIXs3 a. keep their original properties. b. react to form a new substance with new properties. c. combine in a specific mass ratio. d. always change their physical state. 10. Which of the following is NOT a reason that compounds are considered pure substances? MIXs2 a. They are composed of only one type of particle. b. The particles are made of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined. c. Different samples of any compound have the same elements in the same proportion. d. They can be separated by physical methods. 11. How are metalloids similar to metals? MIXs1 a. They have some properties of nonmetals. b. Some are shiny, while others are dull. c. They are somewhat malleable and ductile. d. Some are good conductors of electric current. 12. How could a sugar cube be dissolved more quickly in water? MIXs3 a. Cool the water. b. Crush the sugar cube. c. Let the cube sit in the water. d. Add more water. Holt Science and Technology 44 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
MATCHING Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. 13. also known as table salt MIXs2 14. used by plants during photosynthesis MIXs2 15. a nonmetal MIXs2 a. carbon dioxide b. sulfur c. sodium chloride Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. Some terms may not be used. 16. an aluminum pie plate MIXs1 17. a milkshake MIXs3 18. calcium carbonate MIXs2 19. potting soil MIXs3 20. instant coffee in hot water MIXs3 a. mixture of solids b. solute c. element d. suspension e. compound f. alloy 21. a steel crow bar MIXs3 Holt Science and Technology 45 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Use the graph below to answer questions 22 and 23. Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided. Solubility (g/100 ml of water) 240 200 160 120 80 40 Cerium sulfate Sodium chlorate Sodium nitrate Potassium bromide Sodium chloride 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (ºC) 22. Which solid is the most soluble at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures? MIXs3 a. sodium chloride b. sodium nitrate c. potassium bromide d. cerium sulfate 23. Which compound s solubility is least affected by temperature changes? MIXs3 a. sodium chloride b. sodium nitrate c. potassium bromide d. cerium sulfate Holt Science and Technology 46 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE Section Quizzes SECTION: ELEMENTS 1. B 5. C 2. E 6. B 3. A 7. D 4. D 8. C SECTION: COMPOUNDS 1. A 4. B 2. C 5. A 3. D SECTION: MIXTURES 1. E 6. J 2. H 7. F 3. B 8. D 4. C 9. G 5. I 10. A Chapter Test A 1. B 13. C 2. C 14. A 3. B 15. B 4. A 16. C 5. C 17. D 6. A 18. E 7. B 19. A 8. D 20. B 9. A 21. F 10. D 22. D 11. D 23. A 12. B Chapter Test B 1. compound 2. solute 3. alloys 4. suspensions 5. solution 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Compounds are considered pure substances because they are composed of only one type of particle. The particles of a compound are made of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined. Different samples of any compound have the same elements in the same proportion. 11. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Metalloids, also called semiconductors, are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some metalloids are shiny, while others are dull. They are only somewhat malleable and ductile. Some metalloids, like silicon, are good electrical conductors only when mixed with other elements. 12. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Mixing by stirring or shaking causes the particles to separate from one another and spread out more quickly among the solvent particles. Heating causes particles to move more quickly. The solvent particles can separate the solute particles and spread them out more quickly. Crushing the solute increases the amount of contact it has with the solvent. The particles of the crushed solute mix with the solvent more quickly. 13. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Salt water is a mixture, so its components can be separated by physical methods. Distillation involves heating the water, which changes water into steam. When salt water is distilled, steam is condensed back into water, and salt is left behind. 14. Answers will vary. Sample answer: I would first try to separate it by using distillation and a centrifuge. If I could separate it this way, I would know that it was a mixture. I would also try to separate it by passing an electric current though it. If I could separate it this way, I would know it was a compound. If I could not separate it at all, I might think it was an element, but I might also need to try other methods of separating it to be sure. 15. Answers will vary. Sample answer: Substances 1 and 3 are probably the same because they have the same melting point, the same amount of hardness, and are nonmagnetic. Substance 2 is different because it has a different density and hardness. It is also a slightly different color. 16. As pressure increases, the solubility of oxygen and nitrogen in water increases. Holt Science and Technology 103 Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures