Lesson Plan Course Title: Architectural Design Session Title: The Plumbing Plan Performance Objective: After completing this lesson the students will be able to: (a) explain the purpose and components of a residential plumbing plan, (b) sketch and draw plumbing symbols and fixtures on a plumbing plan using proper techniques, (c) develop a residential plumbing plan, and (d) compile a plumbing fixture schedule by meeting the guidelines that must be met in the textbook, Architecture Residential Drawing and Design by Clois E. Kicklighter. Specific Objectives: Using the criteria for the various areas of their home found in previous lessons, the students will be able to: Determine the proper location and sizes of waste lines and vent stacks. Determine where water supply lines are. Identify and show where the various components are (i.e., the building main, proper shutoff valves, meter, and the sizes of pipe in areas of their home based on the specifics outlined in most textbooks). Show where water softeners and storage tanks are located. Identify where drains and fixtures are located based on local codes. Identify the proper size and type of pipe used in specific locations of the home. Learn the various symbols used in the plumbing plan. Preparation TEKS Correlations: This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed. Architectural Design: 130.46 (c)(3)(a)(b)(c)...demonstrate knowledge of architectural design principles;...determine building code and zoning requirements for building types in a selected area;...demonstrate knowledge of the various grades and types of construction materials. 130.46 (c)(4)(a)(b)(c)...safely use the tools, materials, and equipment commonly employed in the field of architectural computer-aided drafting;...properly handle and dispose of environmentally hazardous materials;...demonstrate knowledge of new and emerging technologies that may affect the field of architecture. 1
130.46 (c)(5)(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)(j)(n)(q)(r)(s)...use problem-solving skills to analyze a situation to identify a problem to be solved;...break a complex problem into component parts that can be analyzed and solved separately;...strive for accuracy and precision;...work independently;...work collaboratively;...research an architectural project;...design and present an effective architectural product;...present a final architectural product for critique;...develop preliminary sketches of a commercial or residential architectural design;...develop building designs to ensure compatibility between interior and exterior to enhance overall appearance;...develop details of floor and wall sections as required;...demonstrate knowledge of the Americans with Disabilities Act; and...assemble an architectural design in three dimensions. 130.46 (c)(13)(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)...identify the nature of energy;...relate potential energy, kinetic energy, and heat energy to conservation;...create an energy model;...evaluate different methods of energy transfer;...recognize sustainable design as it relates to architectural design;...define green architecture as related to the field of architecture. Interdisciplinary Correlations: English: 110.42 (b)(6)(a)(b) expand vocabulary through wide reading, listening, and discussing; rely on context to determine meanings of words and phrases such as figurative language, idioms, multiple meaning words, and technical vocabulary; 110.42 (b)(7)(a)(i)(j) establish a purpose for reading such as to discover, interpret, and enjoy; use study strategies such as skimming and scanning, note taking, outlining, and using study guide questions to better understand texts; read silently with comprehension for a sustained period of time; Teacher Preparation: Teacher should have several complete sets of residential blueprints and floor plans for students to view. It is also very beneficial to have several scale models of the various homes for students to view. This will help students understand and visualize spatial relationships as used in the construction trades. Reference: Kicklighter, C. E. (2003). Architecture residential drawing and design. The Plumbing Plan 2
(pp.505-514). Tinley Park, IL: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc. National and Local Plumbing Codes Instructional Aids: 1. CADD program 2. Various illustrations of floor plans found in magazines, books, and professional journals 3. Residential blueprints 4. Plumbing plans 5. Scale models of homes 6. PowerPoints provided with this lesson and found in the teacher editions of many textbooks 7. Textbook Architecture Residential Drawing and Design by Clois E. Kicklighter Materials Needed: A. Paper and pencil (pens are not acceptable for drafting and sketching) B. Sketch pad (optional) C. Notebook/folder to keep sketches, drawings, examples, hand-outs, and other classrelated materials D. Architect s scale Equipment Needed: 1. Computer with appropriate CADD software 2. Computer projection unit if available Learner Preparation: Have a working understanding of what a Plumbing Plan is and why it is an important portion of a set of blueprints. Introduction Introduction (LSI Quadrant I): SAY: Today we are going to discuss how to design and draw the plumbing plan of your home. ASK: What special plumbing features would you like in your home? ASK: Why do you want.in your home? SHOW: I have some examples of floor plans and blueprints for you to see today. ASK: What appears to work and what doesn t work? SAY: Explain why certain plumbing components of your home would work or be impractical. Outline (LSI Quadrant II): Outline 3
Instructors can use the PowerPoint presentation, slides, handouts, and note pages in conjunction with the following outline. MI Outline Notes to Instructor I. Residential Plumbing Plan A. Purpose of a plumbing plan B. Components included in the plan C. Proper location and size of the components used in the plan D. Standard plumbing symbols and fixtures used on the plan E. Plumbing fixture schedule Teacher will begin PowerPoint presentation. The teacher will show examples of plumbing plans, blueprints, and scale models of homes to introduce the residential plumbing plan lesson. II. Define the various terms used in the construction industry to identify the various parts of the plumbing plan: A. Service line B. Cold water line C. Hot water line D. Floor drain E. Water meter F. Waste water line G. Gray water III. Determine the style and the shape of the house you will use to make the best cost effective and practical usage of the components of the plumbing plan. A. Consider the geographical location of the property the house will be located on B. Consider your personal likes C. Consider best cost and practical usage of the components IV. Students will determine the location of major components and fixtures in their house and on their property, such as, A. Waste lines B. Vent stacks C. Water supply lines Teacher will distribute the handout Terms used with the Plumbing Plan. Students refer to the handout and/or textbook for definitions of terms used in the construction industry. Based on the illustrations from magazines, textbook, and discussion about reasons why certain styles are acceptable in certain areas of the country and not in others, students can determine the appropriate style and shape of the house they will use. PowerPoint slides can be used to help with understanding. Teacher shows PowerPoint presentation and reviews the components and fixtures with the 4
. D. Building main E. Shutoff valves F. Meter G. Proper size and type of pipe used in specific locations of the home H. Water softeners I. Storage tanks J. Drains and fixtures located based on local codes V. Students will make several sketches of the plumbing plan in the house they want to build A. Showing the location of major fixtures and appliances B. Showing the size and type of components C. Using proper techniques to draw symbols and fixtures on the plan As students sketch, the teacher will ask them to Explain why parts of the plan are located where they are based on the guidelines in your textbook. VI. Students will use CADD program to draw the plumbing plan and will A. Dimension the drawing B. Label the drawing As students draw, the teacher will ask them to Explain why dimensions are what they are based on the guidelines in your textbook. VII. Students will develop a plumbing fixture schedule for their plumbing plan that will include A. Identifying symbols B. Name/type of plumbing fixture C. Number of plumbing fixtures required D. Pipe connection sizes E. Remarks VIII. Justify the plan A. Explain why plumbing components of the students. Teacher uses blueprints to show location of components and fixtures. Teacher will use PowerPoint slides to show the steps for sketching the plumbing plan. Students will use pencil and paper to make sketches and refine their work into detailed sketch as the teacher will be checking with each student to question aspects of the design. Teacher will refer to PowerPoint for steps to draw the plumbing plan. Students take the final detailed sketch and will use CADD to draw, dimension, and label their plumbing plan. A notebook or folder is maintained to keep sketches, drawings, examples, and handouts. Teacher has the students refer to sample plumbing fixture schedule in textbook. Teacher has the students refer to 5
plan are located where they are based on the guidelines listed in the textbook. B. Explain why these locations work best in your house. C. How will the property accommodate the best and most efficient use of plumbing components? IX. Students will review in one of the following ways: A. Taking the Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz B. Answering questions at the end of the textbook chapter on the The Plumbing Plan textbook and then justify their plan through discussion. The teacher may choose which method of informal review to use. Copy and paste Multiple Intelligences Graphic in appropriate place in left column. Verbal Linguistic Logical Mathematical Visual Spatial Musical Rhythmic Bodily Kinesthetic Intrapersonal Interpersonal Naturalist Existentialist Application Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III): The students are to make a rough sketch of the house they want to build using pencil and paper. As the student is doing the sketch, the teacher will be checking with each to question the various aspects of design. This is a very good place where critical thinking comes into play. The WHY is discussed and examined to make sure that all aspects of the drawing/design are functional. Teacher will say, Explain why parts of the plan are located where they are based on the guidelines listed in the textbook. Teacher will say, Explain why dimensions are what they are based on the guidelines listed in the textbook. Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III): The student is to refine and polish their work into a detailed sketch showing the location of major fixtures and appliances. Several trial and error sketches may be needed before one has a completed acceptable design. Next the student will use CADD program to draw the plumbing plan they have sketched, show dimensions, and label the drawing. Summary 6
Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV): The students will review by answering the questions at the end of the chapter on Plumbing Plan from the textbook. Evaluation Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III): The students will be given a pop quiz on the elements that constitute a Plumbing Plan. Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz: 1. What is a Plumbing Plan? 2. What is the purpose of a Plumbing Plan? 3. Why is the Plumbing Plan essential in a set of construction drawings? 4. List what information is necessary to have on a Plumbing Plan. 5. Why is dimensioning so critical in the drawing of the Plumbing Plan? 6. Sketch the symbols for the following: gate valve, 90 degree elbow, 45 degree elbow, meter, hose bib, tee, and floor drain. Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV): The students will complete the Plumbing Plan of the house they have been working on showing the locations and dimensions of plumbing fixtures in the house by meeting the guidelines in their textbook and on the rubric provided with this lesson. Extension Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV): A. Have contractors/architects come and visit your class to explain and answer questions the students might have about plumbing plans and construction in general. This is a good place for you to introduce your students to the construction trades as a profession. B. Field trips to construction sites are invaluable when it comes to actually showing real life applications for this area of employment. C. Once all guidelines are met and the plan is complete, the student can use this plan to take to any architect or contractor who will be able to use their plan to build a home from their set of blueprints. They can go to the various contractors and receive bids as to what the cost of their home should be, all based on their plan. 7
Terms used with the Plumbing Plan Define the various terms used in the construction industry to identify the various parts of the Plumbing Plan. A. Service Line - Usually referred to as the water main, it is the line either from the water provider or from a well to the house. B. Cold Water Line The cold water line runs from the cold water main to each of the fixtures and is smaller than the cold water main. C. Hot Water Line The hot water line runs from the hot water heater to each fixture that requires hot water. D. Floor Drains They are usually located in basements and attached garages and are usually connected to the storm sewer or a dry well, not to the sanitary sewer system. E. Water Meter - The instrument used to calculate the amount of water that is used in the home. You would not have a water meter if you are furnishing your own water from your own well or if you didn t have to pay for the amount of water. F. Waste Water Line - This is the line that takes either sewer water or used water to the sanitary drain lines or to a septic system. G. Gray Water Gray water is wastewater that comes from sinks, showers, washing machines, softeners, etc. and not from toilets. This water can be used as supplemental water for lawns and other uses around the home that do not require being sanitized for use. It is non-potable water. 8
Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz 1. What is a Plumbing Plan? 2. What is the purpose of a Plumbing Plan? 3. Why is the Plumbing Plan essential in a set of construction drawings? 4. List what information is necessary to have on a Plumbing Plan. A. B. C. 5. Why is dimensioning so critical in the drawing of the Plumbing Plan? 9
Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz Page 2 6. Sketch the symbols for the following: A. Gate valve B. 90 degree elbow C. 45 degree elbow D. Meter E. Hose bib F. Tee G. Floor drain 10
Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz Answers 1. What is a Plumbing Plan? The Plumbing Plan is the plan that shows and indicates where all plumbing components are located in the home. 2. What is the purpose of a Plumbing Plan? The purpose of the plan is to give a visual representation for contractors and plumbers to lay out all components indicated in the plan prior to construction of the home. It will also give specifics on the style and type of fixtures used in the construction. 3. Why is the Plumbing Plan essential in a set of construction drawings? The Plumbing Plan is essential in a set of construction drawings because it gives the specific specification for all plumbing components to be used in the home. 4. List what information is necessary to have on a Plumbing Plan. A. Size and type of all plumbing components and their location B. Description of all fixtures to be used C. Special instructions for installation of fixtures and components 5. Why is dimensioning so critical in the drawing of the Plumbing Plan? Dimensioning is critical in the drawing of the Plumbing Plan because most of the water and sewer lines are installed prior to the pouring of the slab and are placed in the soil prior to construction and must be in the proper location so that when the walls are erected the plumbing is in the walls and not in the middle of a room or hallway. (Continued on page 2) 11
Plumbing Plan Pop Quiz Page 2 6. Sketch the symbols for the following: A. Gate valve B. 90 degree elbow C. 45 degree elbow D. Meter E. Hose bib F. Tee G. Floor drain 12
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The Plumbing Plan Rubric Task Statement: Design and draw a residential plumbing plan of a house of your choice. Task Assignment: Show the proper location and size of components and fixtures, use proper symbols, and comply with local codes and restrictions. Criteria Categories Concepts/Skills to be Assessed: (Novice to Exemplary) Novice 1 Developing 2 Accomplished 3 Exemplary 4 Considering the required local codes and restrictions of house based on property location when developing your plumbing plan (Not all codes are the same in all areas) Little regard has been given to the property and local codes 50% consideration has been given to the property and local codes 100% consideration has been given to the property and all local codes and restrictions have been met Plumbing plan meets all local codes and restrictions and enhances the property aesthetically Points Earned (20 Possible Points) Determining the proper location and size of major components and fixtures used in your plumbing plan, meeting guidelines that must be met (20 Possible Points) Using proper techniques to draw the correct symbols for the components and fixtures used in your plumbing plan (20 Possible Points) Dimensioning and labeling the drawing (1-5 points) 70% of the interior and exterior areas of the house are identified with little consideration given to guidelines (1-5 points) Evidence of some understanding of concept of plumbing plan essentials (1-5 points) Evidence of little understanding of dimensioning is present with some labeling (5-10 points) 80% of the interior and exterior areas of the house are identified meeting most guidelines (5-10 points) Consideration for using proper techniques to draw correct symbols for components and fixtures (5-10 points) Some dimensioning is evident and several parts are labeled (10-15 points) 90% of the interior and exterior areas of the house are identified meeting all guidelines (10-15 points) Effective use of proper techniques to draw correct symbols for the components and fixtures 10-15 points) Drawing has effective dimensioning with most parts labeled correctly (15-20 points) All interior and exterior areas of the house are identified meeting all guidelines (15-20 points) Excellent use of all techniques to draw correct symbols for components and fixtures (15-20 points) Drawing has accurate dimensioning with all parts labeled correctly (20 Possible Points) Justifying plumbing plan (1-5 points) Little or no evidence shown for the ability to justify aspects of the plan (5-10 points) Emerging ability to justify why portions are located where, and why dimensions are what they are (10-15 points) Ability to justify why portions are located where, and why dimensions are what they are (15-20 points) Excellent ability to justify plan why portions are located where, and why dimensions are what they are (20 Possible Points) (1-5 points) (5-10 points) A = 75-100 Points; B = 50-75 Points; C = 25-50 Points; D = 5-25 Points (10-15 points) (15-20 points) Total Points: 16