Graphene-based composites Andrea Liscio Vincenzo CNR Palermo ISOF Bologna, CNR ISOF Italy Bologna, Italy
GRAPHENE COMPOSITE WHY? HOW?
GRAPHENE a class of materials All-surface material Graphene production - Topology - Functionalization Novoselov K.S., et al., Nature (2012) 420, 192-200
Chemically functionalized graphene GRAPHENES 1. Graphene oxide (GO) 2. Covalent functionalization 3. Supra-molecular interactions
COMPOSITE Composite material is a type of material made from two or more other different materials which remain distinct from each other after joining
GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOSITES WHY? Enhancement of properties Mechanical properties Graphene/PVA Electrical properties Graphene/PS Zhao et al., Macromolecules 2010, 43, 2357 2363 Stankovich et al., Nature 442 20 July 2006
GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOSITES HOW? Graphenes production Example: Industrial collaboration project with 3 SMEs Mixing with polymer composite masterbatch pellets composite ink
Graphene-based Composites Prototypes
NOT ONLY INGREDIENTS being a composite something more than two materials
A CLASSIFICATION: ARCHITECTURE / PROPERTIES / APPLICATIONS COATING/FILM graphene graphene SANDWICH graphene BULK Second component: small molecules, nanoparticles. Second component (thin film): Polymers Small molecule self-assembles Second component polymers Bai, H. et al., Advanced Materials (2011) 23, 1089-1115
A CLASSIFICATION: ARCHITECTURE / PROPERTIES / APPLICATIONS COATING/FILM SENSING graphene Second component: small molecules, nanoparticles. Synthesis / catalyst Adsorption / liquid phase in collaboration with Nokia Research Center (Cambridge, UK) Borini, S. et al., ACS Nano (2013) 7, 11166-11173
A CLASSIFICATION: ARCHITECTURE / PROPERTIES / APPLICATIONS GO as purely 2D graphene-based composite patchwork HR-TEM sp3 ISI web of knowledge (22-09-2015) graphene oxide AND sensor as topic = 784 papers (in this year) sp2 Erickson, et al., Advanced Materials 22, 40, 4467
A CLASSIFICATION: ARCHITECTURE / PROPERTIES / APPLICATIONS SANDWICH graphene Large interfacial areas Increasing of electro-chemical reaction, charge generation ENERGY STORAGE/CONVERSION PVDF Cellulose-Nitrate Second component (thin film): Polymers Small molecule self-assembles Layer by layer Roll to roll 177 ± 6 Ω/ 207 ± 8 Ω/ in collaboration with Nokia Research Center (Cambridge, UK) Gwon, H., et al., Energy Environ. Sci. (2011) 4, 1277-1283
A CLASSIFICATION: ARCHITECTURE / PROPERTIES / APPLICATIONS graphene BULK High aspect ratio fillers IMPROVEMENT OF PROPERTIES (MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL/THERMAL) Second component polymers Mechanical mixing he 710-graphene-polymer composites He, F. et al., Advanced Materials (2008) 21, 710-715
BULK SUB-SURFACE a) b) c) 100 µm d) e)
MATRIX/FILLER INTERACTION EXFOLIATION WITH WELL-ESTABLISHED INDUSTRIAL DYES: You can teach an old dog new tricks INDANTHRENE DERIVATIVE Used as polymer additive Pigment used to dye cotton, in quality paints and enamels Food dye E130 (except USA & EU) Exfoliation in water solution (G-DYE) G-DYE/PVA composites Schlierf et al 2014 2D Mater. 1 035006
CONCLUSIONS (?) Graphene is a class of materials Rationalization of graphene-based materials Classification: architecture / properties / applications
OUR FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES FROM: BOLOGNA ALBERTO ZANELLI VITTORIO MORANDI LUCA ORTOLANI Vincenzo Palermo (Coord) Andrea Liscio (Res) Emanuele Treossi (Res) Matteo Amelia (PM) STRASBOURG PAOLO SAMORI ALBERTO BIANCO MAINZ KLAUS MULLEN XINLIANG FENG MANCHESTER CINZIA CASIRAGHI Alessandra Scidà (PostDoc) Meganne Christian (PostDoc) Zhen-Yuan (Jeffrey) Xia (PostDoc) Simone dell Elce (PhD) BASF MATTHIAS SCHWAB KITTY CHA CAMBRIDGE ANDREA FERRARI RICHARD FRIEND L AQUILA LUCA OTTAVIANO FLORENCE GIULIANO GIAMBASTIANI Giulio Maccaferri (PhD) Kostas Kouroupis Agalou (PhD) Alessandro Kovtun (PhD) Nicola Mirotta (PhD) MONS DAVID BELJONNE TRENTO NICOLA PUGNO
ALREADY IN THE MARKET!!! WHAT?
+ =? WHAT? COMPOSITE Composite material is a type of material made from two or more other different materials which remain distinct from each other after joining
Year 2010 graphene All the carbon based-materials were called «GRAPHENE» Old nomenclature «Cool» nomenclature PAH Expanded graphite Graphite oxide Nano-graphene Few layer graphene Graphene oxide
WHAT IS GRAPHENE?
GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOSITES ISSUE Classification Matrix-filler interaction Proper description any other business
PROPER DESCRIPTION OF THE FILLER Need of a standard graphene datasheet
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