Detailing)Considerations) for)multi2story)wood) Frame)Buildings) Presented(by:( Lisa(Podesto,(PE,(MS( Senior(Technical(Director(

Detailing)Considerations) for)multi2story)wood) Frame)Buildings) Presentedby: LisaPodesto,PE,MS SeniorTechnicalDirector

TheWoodProductsCouncil is aregisteredproviderwiththe AmericanInstituteofArchitects ContinuingEducationSystems AIA/CES),Provider#G516.! Credits)earnedoncompletion ofthiscoursewillbereportedto AIACESforAIAmembers. CertificatesofCompletionfor bothaiamembersandnonqaia membersareavailableupon request. Thiscourseisregisteredwith AIACESforcontinuing professionaleducation.as such,itdoesnotinclude contentthatmaybedeemed orconstruedtobean approvalorendorsementby theaiaofanymaterialof constructionoranymethodor mannerof handling,using,distributing, ordealinginanymaterialor product. Questionsrelatedtospecificmaterials, methods,andserviceswillbeaddressed attheconclusionofthispresentation.

Course)Description) Thisseminarwillprovideanoverviewofdetailing issuesrelatedtothedesignoffourqandfiveqstory woodqframebuildingsundertheinternational*building* Code.Providedbyanexpertinwooddesignand engineering,itwillcovercommondetailingchoices relatedtofireandlifesafety,suchasdetailingat exteriorwalls,aswellasbalconiesandshafts. Examplesofvariousbuildingconfigurationsandsite layoutswillbeusedtoillustratecommondetailing choices.

Learning)Objectives) 1. EvaluateexamplesofmidQrisebuildingswithanemphasis onconfigurationsandsitelayouts 2. RecognizecommondetailingusedinmultiQstorystructures acrossthecountryforexteriorwalltofloorintersections 3. IdentifyIBCrequirementsforfirewallsandtheirimpacton detailingchoices. 4. Discussdetailingoptionsrelatedtothedesignofbalconies andshaftsinmultiqstorywoodbuildings

Outline) MidQriseConfigurations DesignConsiderations FireRatedWallAssemblies

Mid2Rise)Construction)Overview)

Walk2up/)Tuck)Under) Firstfloorwalkupunitswithprivategarage Benefits: Eliminatesneedfor SQ2parkinggarage Canbeallwood Leastexpensive overallbutlowest densificationrates

Wrap2Around)) Walkupunitssurroundparkingstructure Benefits: enhancedsecurity Centralizedaccessto parking Visualappealfrom street Moreexpensivethan walk/uptuckqunder 5storyyields60Q80 units/acre

Podium) Multiplestoriesofwoodoveranelevatedconcrete deck Benefits: Increasednumber ofstories Accommodates MixedQuse occupancies Mostexpensivebut canallowincreased density

Podium) 4storiesofresidentialoverpodiumparkingorretail) 60Q80units/acre InmanParkCondos,Atlanta,GA Davis&Church

Podium) 5storiesoversubterraneanparking 5storiesoverretail 100Q120units/acre AvalonBayStadium,Anaheim,CA VanDorpeChouAssociates InmanParkCondos,Atlanta,GA Davis&Church

Podium) 5storiesoverresidentialpodium 120Q140units/acre

Podium) 5storieswithmezzanine+residentialpodium 125Q145units/acre 120Union,SanDiego,CA TogawaSmithMartin

Sloped)Sites) FashionValley,CA AvalonBayCommunities Seattle,WA PBArchitects FashionValley,CA AvalonBayCommunities

Typical)Mid2rise)Occupancy) HotelsRQ1) ApartmentsRQ2) B)Offices CondominiumsRQ2) StudenthousingRQ2) Live/workunitsRQ2) AssistedlivingRQ4) NursinghomesIQ2) AQ2)Restaurants/ cafeterias AQ3)Workoutfacilities AQ3)Meetingrooms B)Offices M)Shops SQ2)Parking SQ1)Storage

Mixed)Use)Occupancy) Locatedatwoodworks.org designtools online calculators HeightsandAreasCalculator

2012)Code)Conforming)Wood) AvailableforFreeDownload:www.awc.org

Outline) MidQriseConfigurations DesignConsiderations StructuralLoadTransfer/Serviceability) Acoustic BuildingEnvelope Constructability Fire FireRatedWallAssemblies

Platform)Framing) Structural Directbearing/noadd l hardware Constructability Framingcanbecompleted beforedrywalland insulationareinstalled Commonlengthstuds

Semi2balloon)Framing) Structural Additionalhardware/nodirect bearing Canhelpminimizebuilding shrinkage RatedAssemblies Mayaccommodatecontinuity inexteriorwallsintypeiii construction Constructability Customlengthstuds NoScale

Structural)Considerations)

Solution)12)Plain)Unreinforced)Brick2h>30 ) Design)must)be)in) strict)conformance) with)aci)530)section) 6.2.12Alt.)design) method)engineered)) ) Design)to)section)2.2) ASD))or)3.2.2) strength)) Unreinforced)masonry) ) Brick)veneer)must)be) self)supporting)and) not)supported)off)of) the)wood)framing) Jointsmustallowforalldifferential movementlateraldriftand verticalshrinkageofwoodframing Etc.).Weightofbrickmustnot besupportedbywoodframing Requiressteel lintelatopenings Brickgoesinto flexurewhenwall studsdeflect Anchors/tiestobe spacedamaximum of32 o.c.horiz.and 18 o.c.vert.except seismic) Veneermustbedesigned peraci530section2.2as plainunreinforcedmasonry Woodbackerstuds Allowsforvertical shrinkageofwood framing

Solution)22)Structural)Reinforced)Brick) Brick)units)are)similar)to) CMU s)where)vertical)and) horizontal)reinforcing)can) be)installed) Veneer)spans)floor)to) floor)without)transferring) loads)to)walls.) Loads)are)dumped) directly)into)floor) diaphragms)) Steel)lintels)over) openings)are)not)required) Intermediate)anchors/ties) are)not)required) Wall)spans)vert.)&)horiz.) Between)spaced)anchors) ) Spacedanchorsmustallow foralldifferentialmovement lateraldrift,verticalshrinkage ofwoodframing,etc.).weight ofbrickmustnotbesupported bywoodframing Veneeractsascomplete unit,notasindividual Segments.Supportsself weightplusoutqofqplane loads #3or#4rebartyp.) 4 )nom.)or)greater) Heavieranchorsare notaspronetofire damage Woodbackerstuds Reinf.horizontalbond beamorlintelunits overopenings Reinforcementreduces expansionandcracking Anchors/tiesare tieddirectlyinto floordiaphragms

Acoustic)Detailing)

Resources BuildingsinMarinetoCold ClimateZonesinNorth America http://www.fpinnovations.ca/researchprogram/advancedbuildingsystem/ designingqenergyqefficientqbuildingqenclosures.pdf

Resources Buildings)in)Marine)to)Cold)Climate)Zones)in)North)America) ) Chapter)3:)Moisture,)Air)and)Thermal)Control) BuildingasaSystem ClimateZones InteriorClimate,HVACInteraction CriticalBarrierConcept ControlofRainwaterPenetration ControlofAirFlow ControllingCondensation ConstructionMoisture ControllingHeatFlowandInsulation WholeBuildingEnergyEfficiency ComputerSimulationConsiderationsforWoodQframedEnclosures

Case)Study:)University)of)Washington) Architect:MahlumArchitects Engineer:CoughlinPorterLundeen Contractor:WalshConstruction UW)West)Campus)Student)Housing) Location:Seattle,WA 1700bedsin3hallsand2aptbldgs $177/sf 4/5bldgsmet2030challenge60% reductioninenergyconsumption)

Case)Study:)Innovations)in)Wood) Emory)Point) Location:Atlanta,GA 3buildingscompleteQLuxury Apt.,retail,restaurants 1)5storyTypeIIIwood frameoverslabongrade 2)4storiesofwoodover 1storyconcretepodium 35%savings $14/sfwoodconcept) $22/sfPTconc.Slaband frame) Architect:CooperCarry,The PrestonPartnership Engineer:Ellinwood+Machado, PruittEberlyStone Contractor:FortuneQJohnson Contracting Completed:2012 Photocredit:GablesResidential

Stella)Apartments,) Marina)Del)Ray,)CA) Architect:DesignARC.LosAngeles,CA Photos:LawrenceAnderson, www.lawrenceanderson.net

Case)Study:)Maximizing)View)and)Value)With)Wood) Marselle)Condominiums) Location:SeattleWA TypeIIIAcondocomplex 5Q1/2storiesofwood over2storiesofconcrete mezzanineadded$250k costbut$1minvalue 30%costsavingsover concrete Timesavingsoversteel Architect:PBArchitects Engineer:Yu&Trochalakis Contractor:Norcon,NW Completed:2009 PhotoCredit:MattTodd Photography

Detailing for Fire Resistance Different areas of fire design: Combustibility Fire resistance FireClass Fire Class Fire Protection Key Differences in Fire Ratings for Construction Types IIIA IIIB VA Exterior wall framing FRT FRT non-frt Exterior wall fire rating 2 hr 2 hr 1 hr Floor assembly fire rating 1hr 0 hr 1 hr Fire wall rating 3 hr 3 hr 2 hr

Fire Resistance Rating Basic assumption is that fires begin at the interior and rated wall assemblies are not required from assemblies are required the exterior exterior unless close to another structure. Interior Fire Protection on Inside of Building Exterior

Fire Resistance Rating IBC Table 601

Fire Resistance Rating IBC Table 602 Exterior Fire Resistance Rating Table 601 Table 602 establishes requirements establishes structures separated by 10 30 they are typically 0 or 1 hour rated TABLE 602 FIRE RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTERIOR WALLS BASED ON FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCEa, e TYPE OF OCCUPANCY GROUP OCCUPANCY GROUP F CONSTRUCTION H 1, M, S 1 FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE = X feet) OCCUPANCY GROUP A, B, E, F 2, I, R, S 2, U b X < 5 c All 3 2 1 5 < X <10 IA 3 2 1 Others 2 1 1 10 < X < 30 IA, IB 2 1 1 d IIB, VB 1 0 0 Others 1 1 1 d X > 30 All 0 0 0 For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Load bearing exterior walls shall also comply with the fire resistance rating requirements of Table 601. bforspecialrequirementsforgroupuoccupanciesseesection40612 b. For special requirements for Group U occupancies see Section 406.1.2 c. See Section 705.1.1 for party walls. d. Open parking garages complying with Section 406 shall not be required to have a fire resistance rating. e. The fire resistance rating of an exterior wall is determined based upon the fire separation distance of the exterior wall and the story in which the wall is located.

Fire Resistance Rating IBC 705.5 Exterior Walls Fire Separation > 10 shall be rated for exposure from the inside in accordance with 601 and 602 Fire Separation < 10 shall be rated for exposure to both sides in accordance with 601 and 602 Lot t Line X < 10 Exterior Interior Fire Protection on Exterior Walls When < 30 Table 601 & 602

Choosing)Fire)Rated)Assemblies) TestedassembliesASTME119)perIBC703.2: UL:http://database.ul.com GypsumCatalog:www.gypsum.org Othertools:www.usgdesignstudio.com AWCDCA3 APAFireRatedSystems: http://www.apacad.org/cad_detail.cfm?id=2 AlternateMethodsperIBC703.3 DeemedtocomplytablesperIBC721 CalculatedFireResistanceperIBC722

Outline) MidQriseConfigurations DesignConsiderations FireRatedWallAssemblies Overview ExteriorWalls FireWalls FireBarriers FirePartitions Balconies

Fire2resistance)Rated)Wall)Assemblies) Testedunderastandardizedtestfireexposureforagiven durationto: 1. Preventthepassageofflameandtemperaturerise fromonesidetotheother 2. Continuetoprovideverticalstructuralsupportwhen exposedtofireandelevatedtemperatures

Fire2resistance)Rated)Wall)Assemblies) ))))))Fire)Confinement ) ))))Structural)Performance)

Fire2resistance)Rated)Wall)Assemblies) TherearefivebasictypesoffireQresistanceratedwall assemblies: LightFrameBearingWallsIBC704.4.1) ExteriorWallsIBC705) FireWallorPartyWallIBC706) FireBarrierIBC707) FirePartitionIBC708)

Light)Frame)Bearing)Walls)IBC)704.4.1)) RequiredfireQresistanceisthegreaterof: FireQresistanceratingfoundinTable601basedonthe buildingtypeofconstruction. TherequiredfireQresistanceratingrequiredforfireQ resistanceqratedassembliessupportedbythestructural wall. www.awc.orgfaq: What*is*the*correct*application*of*2012*IBC*Sections*704.2* Column*Protection)*and*704.3*Protection*of*the*primary* structural*frame*other*than*columns)*to*wood*construction?*

Exterior)Walls)IBC)705)) Exteriorwallshavetoberatedtowhicheverisgreaterof. Table601:ThefireQresistanceratingrequiredto maintainverticalstructuralsupportandisbasedon thetypeofconstruction whetherornotthewallisloadbearing Table602:ThefireQresistanceratingrequiredto preventspreadoffirefromtheinsidetotheoutsideor outsidetoinside)andisbasedon typeofconstruction occupancygroup fireseparationdistancefsd)associatedwiththe exposureoftheexteriorwall

Exterior)Walls)IBC)705)) An)exterior)wall)is)defined)as)a)wall)that)is)used)as) an)enclosing)wall)of)a)building)other)than)a)fire) wall.)there)is)no)requirement)for)an)exterior)wall)to) extend)to)the)foundation)in)a)stepped)building.)) Posts,beamsor walls,thatsupporta ratedexteriorwall mustbefire resistanceratednot lessthantherating ofthesupported wallibc704.1)

Fire)Resistance)Rating) )IBC)705.5)) Exterior)Walls) FireSeparation>10 shallberatedforexposurefrom theinsideinaccordancewith601and602 FireSeparation<10 shallberatedforexposuretoboth sidesinaccordancewith601and602 LotLine X<10 Exterior Interior) FireProtectionon ExteriorWallsWhen<30 Table601&602

2)HR)Exterior)Wall)Assembly) )Type)III) EXTERIOR CEMENT PLASTER, MIN. THICKNESS 3/4" TO FACE OF LATH 1 LAYER 5/8" FIBERGLASS MAT GYPSUM SHEATHING FRAMING AT 16" O.C.. MIN. 2 X 4 STRUCTURAL WOOD PANELS) WHERE REQUIRED FOR SHEAR MIN. 3" THICK MINERAL WOOL BATT INSULATION 2 LAYERS 5/8" TYPE 'X' GYPSUM BOARD AT INTERIOR CONDITIONS EXTERIOR CEMENT PLASTER OVER FIBERGLASS MAT GYPSUM SHEATHING AT EXTERIOR CONDITIONS Commonissueswith testedassemblies: AssemblyAsymmetryQ separateassemblies foreachside 2"HOUR RATING PER UL DESIGN NO. U371 2"HOUR EXTERIOR WALL

Adding)lateral)resistance) Commonissueswith testedassemblies: Inclusionofwood structuralpanel ESR2586 FRTmayalsobe substitutedfor untreatedwood

1hr)rated)floor)assemblies) )Type)IIIA/VA) CommonissueswithUL approvedassemblies: ShallowFloordepthQ Useprescriptive assembliesqibc 721.12)assembly 14Q1.1 OrusetheCAM methodinibc722

Type)III)Construction) 5/8 TypeXGWB 1layerfor1hrrating 2layersfor2hrrating FireRetardantTreated Wallstuds,platesandsheathing 1 NoScale UntreatedLumber Floorframingsolidsawnor engineered) Floorsheathing

Continuity)of)FRT) 5/8 TypeXGWB 1layerfor1hrrating 2layersfor2hrrating FireRetardantTreated Wallstuds,platesandsheathing 2 NoScale UntreatedLumber Floorframingsolidsawnor engineered) Floorsheathing

Type)III)Construction)Detail)Example) 5/8 TypeXGWB 1layerfor1hrrating 2layersfor2hrrating FireRetardantTreated Walltuds,platesandsheathing [2xBlockingcountsfor1hrfire protectionpernds16.2.1)] [Floorsheathing4 Q8 in] NoScale 3 UntreatedLumber Floorframingsolidsawnor engineered) Floorsheathing

Type)III)Construction)Detail)Example) 5/8 TypeXGWB 1layerfor1hrrating 2layersfor2hrrating FireRetardantTreated Studs,platesandsheathing 2xBlockingcountsfor1hrfire protectionpernds16.2.1) [Floorsheathing4 Q8 in] NoScale 4 UntreatedLumber Floorframingsolidsawnor engineered) Floorsheathing

Type)III)Construction)Detail)Example) 5/8 TypeXGWB 1layerfor1hrrating 2layersfor2hrrating CONTINUE GYPSUMTO BOTTOMOF SHEATHING FireRetardantTreated Studs,platesandsheathing [Floorsheathing4 Q8 in] 5 UntreatedLumber Floorframingsolidsawnor engineered) Floorsheathing

Case)Study:)Wood)Buildings)Aim)High) AvalonBay)Stadium) Location:Anaheim,CA 251Apts.,13Ksfretail/restaurant TypeIIImodified 50%oftheirprojectsarepodium SemiQballoonframedatexteriorwalls Architect:WitheeMalcolmArchitects Engineer:VanDorpeChouAssociates Developer/Contractor:AvalonBayCommunities Photocredit:ArdenPhotography

AvalonBayStadiumQAnaheim,CA Carbon)Case)Study:)High)Density)

Type)III)Construction)Detail)Example) What)is)being)enforced)in)jurisdictions) you)are)working)in?) ) )

Fire)wall)))))))))))))))) IBC)706)) Dividesstructureinto separatebuildings Continuousfromfoundation ortopofthreehourpodium) toorthroughroof Structuralstabilityrequired toallowcollapseoneither sidefromfirewithout causingcollapseoffirewall Specialrequirementsatroof andintersectionwith exteriorwalls,athorizontal projectingelementsand betweensteppedbuildings RequiredtobeofnonQ combustibleconstruction exceptintypevconstruction 2to4hourratedTable 706.4) Fire)Barrier)))))))))) IBC)707)) Designedtorestrictthe spreadoffirewithcontinuity throughthebuilding Dividesstructureintofire areas,andfirebarriersare requiredforvariouspurposes suchasshaftenclosures,exit enclosures,atrium separation,occupancy separations,andcontrolor incidentaluseareas. Supportedbyconstruction ofequalfireresistanceq ratingexceptforincidental useareasintypeiib,iiiband VBconstruction) 1to4hourratedtable 707.3.10) Fire)Partition)))) IBC)708)) Separatesdwellingunits, sleepingareas,corridors, andtenantspaces. Mayterminateatthelower sideofafire resistance ratedfloor/ceiling/roof assembly Inmostinstancesfire partitionsarenotrequiredto besupportedbyfire resistanceqrated constructionintypeiib,iiib andvbconstructionsection 708.4) Rated1hourorlessIBC section708.3)

Fire)Walls)2)706) Used: Tocreateseparate buildings AsaPartyWalllotline) StructuralStability Allowforstructural collapseoneitherside whilewallstaysinplace ORdoublewallper NFPA221

Fire)Walls) DesignOptionsNFPA221: 1. Singlewall 2. DoubleWall 3. CantileveredWall

Fire)Walls) )Diaphragm)Continuity)

Fire)wall)Detailing) 3"HR. ASSEMBLY: 1 5/8" METAL STUDS WITH 3 LAYERS 1/2" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. EACH SIDE CONTINUOUS STRUCTURAL WOOD PANELS " USE FIRE"TREATED PANELS THROUGH WALL CAVITY¹ CONTINUOUS 13 1/2" WIDE 14 GA. GALV. SHT. METAL CONTINUOUS 16 GA. TRACK TOP AND BOTTOM FIRE SAFING CONTINUOUS 16 GA. COMP. CHANNEL RIM JOIST WITH SOLID BLOCKING 3"HOUR FIRE WALL AT FLOOR/CEILING RESILIENT CHANNELS 3"HOUR FIRE CAULKING 1" AIR GAP 2 X 4 STUD WALL EACH SIDE, WITH STRUCTURAL WOOD PANELS AS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR AND 1 LAYER 5/8" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. ¹CONSULT LOCAL JURISDICTION HAVING AUTHORITY FOR ACCEPTANCE OF FIRE"TREATED WOOD PANELS RUNNING THROUGH 3"HOUR ASSEMBLY IN THIS APPLICATION. I"JOIST FRAMING WITH WOOD PANEL DIAPHRAGM RUNNING THROUGH FIRE WALL 3"HOUR FIRE WALL AT FLOOR/CEILING RESILIENT CHANNELS 3"HOUR FIRE CAULKING 3"HR. ASSEMBLY: 1 5/8" METAL STUDS WITH 3 LAYERS 1/2" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. EACH SIDE 1" AIR GAP 2 X 4 STUD WALL EACH SIDE, WITH STRUCTURAL WOOD PANELS AS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR AND 1 LAYER 5/8" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. WOOD TRUSS FRAMING WITHOUT WOOD PANEL DIAPHRAGM RUNNING THROUGH FIRE WALL CAD&RevitDetails:www.woodworks.org

Fire)Wall)Assemblies) IBC)706.3) FirewallsshallbeofanyapprovednonQ combustiblematerials. Exception:)BuildingsofTypeVconstruction

2)HR)Fire)Wall )Type)V) WOOD STRUCTURAL PANELS WHERE REQUIRED FOR SHEAR WOOD STUD WALLS ON EITHER SIDE OF FIRE WALL 0' " 1" 0' " 1" AIR GAP AIR GAP 2 1/2" METAL STUDS AT 24" O.C. BATT INSULATION OPTIONAL) INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR FINISH AS REQUIRED 2 LAYERS 5/8" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. ON EACH SIDE OF METAL STUDS 2"HOUR RATING PER GA FILE NO. WP 1548 2"HOUR FIRE WALL ASSEMBLY CAD&RevitDetails:www.woodworks.org http://www.usgdesignstudio.com/wallq selector.asp? framingtype=18708&bldgsystem=18620

3hr)Fire)Wall)Assemblies) )Type)III) WOOD STRUCTURAL PANELS WHERE REQUIRED FOR SHEAR WOOD STUD WALLS ON EITHER SIDE OF FIRE WALL Otheroptions: NFPA2216.5.1 0' " 1" 0' " 1" AIR GAP AIR GAP 1 5/8" METAL STUDS AT 24" O.C. MAX. BATT INSULATION OPTIONAL) INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR FINISH AS REQUIRED 3 LAYERS 1/2" TYPE 'X' GYP. BD. ON EACH SIDE OF METAL STUDS 3 HOURS PER UL DESIGN NO. U435 3"HOUR FIRE WALL ASSEMBLY

Fire)Barriers) )IBC)707) Supportedbyassemblyofequal orgreaterfireresistancewith exceptionswhenrequiredfor separatingincidentaluseareasin typeiib,iiibandvbconstruction) Commonlyusedin: Shaftenclosures Interiorexitstairway Exitstairwayenclosures Exitpassageways IncidentalusesIBC509) Occupancyseparations Creatingseparatefireareas 2012IBCCode&Commentary

Shaft)Walls) WoodDesignFocus:Volume22,Issue3bySmith

Elevator)Shaft)Wall) WoodDesignFocus:Volume22,Issue3bySmith

Interior)Exit)Stairway)Enclosures)

Balconies) )IBC)1406.3) BalconiesofcombustibleconstructionandnotFRTshall be: Ratedinaccordancew/Table601forfloors OrbeofTypeIV Andshallnotexceed50%ofbldgperimeter Exceptions BalconiesinTypeIII,IVandVcanbeoftypeVconst andshallnothavefireresistanceratingifsprinkler protectionprovided Untreatedwoodispermittedforrailsandguardrails

Balconies) )IBC)1406.3) So. ForTypeIIIorVbalconyoptionsare: 1. NonQcombustible nosprinklers/nofirerating 2. FRT nofiresprinklers/nofirerating 3. TypeIV nofiresprinklers/nofirerating 4. Nontreated firesprinkler/nofirerating 5. Nontreated fireratedper601&602/nosprinkler

Balconies)

Questions?) ThisconcludesThe AmericanInstituteof ArchitectsContinuing EducationSystems Course Lisa)Podesto,)PE,)MS) WoodWorks lisa@woodworks.org