Austrian Energy Agency Factors of success for biomass CHP in Austria Kasimir Nemestothy Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 1
Other Renewables in the Austrian primary energy supply 2003 Hydro 131 PJ 9,4% non-renewables 1.099 PJ 78,6% other renewables 168 PJ 12% Source: Statistik Austria (Energiebilanz 2003) Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 2
Primary energy consumption of other RES (168 PJ) in 2003 Wood energy 81,6 % - 137 PJ Waldhackgut 5,9% Industrierestholz (inkl. Rinde) 17,3% Holzpellets 1,7% Stroh 0,1% Deponiegas 0,3% Klärgas 0,4% Biogas 0,3% Biodiesel 0,1% Ablauge/Schlämme der Papierfabrik 14,0% Müll 1,3% Scheitholz 42,7% Quelle: Statistik Austria (Energiebilanz 2003), Österreichische Energieagentur 2005 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 3 Solarthermie 2,2% Wärmepumpe 3,6% Geothermie 0,5% Wind 0,8% Photovolatik 0,02% sonstige Abfälle 8,7%
Austria has successfully introduced wood in 5 new markets Forest related industries (since 1950s) District heating of rural villages & towns (since 1980) Medium scale biomass heating projects like schools, town halls, village centres, etc. (since 1992) Wood pellet heating for single family houses (since 1995) Cogeneration of heat and power (since 2003) Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 4
Electricity production from wood in GWh in 2004 Source: EurObserver (2005) Wood Energy Barometer Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 5
Electricity production from wood in kwh per capita in 2004 Source: EurObserver (2005) Wood Energy Barometer Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 6
Green Electricity Act: Basics Set in force: 1.1.2003 System: Feed-in tariffs, guaranteed for 13 years Promotion system for small hydro (< 10 MW) Target: at least 9 % of generation in 2008 Promotion system for biomass (solid, liquid, gaseous), wastes containing high biogenic fractions, landfill and sewage gas, wind, solar, geothermal excluding: animal meal, black liquor, sewage sludge, waste Target: at least 4 % of final demand in 2008 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 7
Green Electricity Act: Promotion mechanism Product price Final Consumer Electricity trader Transfer price 4,5 ct/kwh Green Power Balance Group Representative (GPBGR) Clearing and Settlement Agency Costs of balance energy Feed-in tariff Surcharge on grid utilisation charge Grid Operator Support fee Eco-energy Plant Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 8 Financial flows Energy flows (ownership)
Price ranges for supported biomass electricity production from forestry residues Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 9 Source: KOM (2005) 627
New RES-E framework 2006-2011 Feed-in tariff system will be continued limited budget for RES-E except hydro feed-in tariffs for small hydro investment subsidies for hydro between 10 and 20 MW new CHP plants preliminary decision by end of November 2005 need of discussion with EC final decision by parliament in the first months 2006 enforcement probably in spring 2006 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 10
Facts for new RES-E act (1/2) Feed-in tariff system continued Overall goal: 10% of consumption produced from RES-E (excluding hydro) by 2010, no sub-target for PV No cap in terms of installed capacity, but Cap for the additional costs for new plants: additional 17 mio. p.a. from 2006-2011(summarising to ~100 mio. ), thereof 30% for solid biomass 30% for biogas 30% for wind energy 10% for PV and others (liquid biomass, cofiring, others) especially for PV: provinces have to cover 50% of the cost Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 11
Facts for new RES-E act (2/2) Management of the system by a new Green Electricity Management Agency instead of the three GPBGRs contracts are given by first come first serve Tariffs itself will be defined by ordinance Tariffs have to be degressive Guarantee period 100% of the tariff paid for the first 10 years 75% in the 11th year 50% of the tariff in the 12th year Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 12
Estimated Effects of the Green Electricity Act ( old and suggested new system) 7000 12% 6000 10% Others (new) Others (old) Biogas (new) Production (GWh) 5000 4000 3000 2000 8% 6% 4% Share (% of Consumption) Biogas (old) Solid Biomass (new) Solid Biomass (old) Wind (new) Wind (old) Share 1000 2% 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 0% Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 13 Source: own calculations
Biomass district heating plants in Austria Biomasseheizwerke in Österreich / Leistung > 1.000 biomass district heating plants in operation Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 14
Biomass CHP Plants in Austria (in operation, under construction & planned) Übersichtskarte Biomasse-KWKs (2006) Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 15
Estimation of wood fuel demand for new Biomasse-CHP-plants Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 16
Comparison of fuel demand for new biomass-chp-plants and old DHPs Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 17
Wood demand estimation of the paper and particle board industry Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 18
Pulpwood prices 1981 2005 in /MWh (at forestroad) [ /MWh] Umrechnung in /MWh aus FMO - Rundholz frei Straße Quelle: Nemestothy auf Datenbasis Rothleitner G., aktuell 4.2005 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 19
Market prices for wood in /MWh (Oct 2005) Quelle: Umrechnung auf Preisbasis des Holzmarktberichtes der Präko & proholz Stmk, Forstzeitung 11-2005 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 20
Wood demand estimation for heat & electricity production Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 21
Model-calculation 5 MWe Biomass- CHP-Plant Sensitivity analyses Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 22
Model-calculation 5 MWe Biomass- CHP Effects of fuelprice-variation Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 23
Studies concerning production costs of forest wood chips Quelle: Stampfer K., BOKU Forsttechnik (Umrechnung von srm fm mit 2,5:1) Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 24
Share of Bioenergy R&D in Austria All Data in % OECD (IEA) Austria 2003 2004 2003 2004 Overall Energy Research 100 100 100 100 Share for RES R&D 9 11 39 29 Share of Bioenergy from RES R&D 27 27 54 75 Share of Bioenergy from overall energy R&D 2,4 2,8 21 21 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 25
Bioenergy R&D Framework Austrian Energy Research & Technology Concept Impulsprogram Sustainable Economy Energysystems of the Future Austrian Participation in EU Research Framework ERANET Bioenergy Technologyplatforms IEA Working Groups Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 26
Contact Austrian Energy Agency Otto-Bauer-Gasse 6 A-1060 Wien Kasimir P. Nemestothy kasimir.nemestothy@energyagency.at www.energyagency.at Tel. +43 1 586 24 15-26 Austrian Energy Agency 29/03/06 Seite 27