INNWIND.EU Offshore wind energy DTU Contributions to WP4.2 Technology, ecomony, trends and research Henrik Bredmose Thomas Buhl
DTU organization 2
DTU Wind Energy Technical University of Denmark Sections: Aeroelastic design Wind Turbines Wind energy systems Test and measurements Fluid mechanics Composite and material mechanics Metallic materials Meteorology
Who am I? Henrik Bredmose 2011- Associate prof. Offshore Wind Energy, DTU Mech. Engng. /DTU Wind Energy 2009-2010 Assistant prof. Offshore Wind Energy, DTU Mech. Engng. 2003-2008 Research engineer, DHI Post doc, Bristol University 2002 PhD from DTU in Wave Hydrodynamics
Who am I? Henrik Bredmose Associate prof. in offshore wind energy DTU Wind Energy hbre@dtu.dk Loads and structural response of offshore wind turbines Loads and structural response of offshore wind turbines
Future developments The North Sea development Economy as driver for technology Current trends Soil
Facts on offshore wind energy market
Installed capacity The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA)
Installed capacity The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA)
Market share wind farm owners Cumulative 2012 The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA)
Installed capacity / Work carried out in 2012 The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA)
Danish tender announced 2013
Danish tender announced 2013
Future developments The North Sea development Economy as driver for technology Current trends Soil
Annual investment in offshore wind farms The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA)
Investment in offshore wind farms 3 2,5 1,5 1 0,5 g Ri g R ob i n un d en bo gr Bu r Li ll Ho yl e N ys Sc te ro d by sa nd Ke s nt ich Fl at sø N or th I Sa m ev R or ns H lg r un de n 0 M id de Mill. /MW 2 Source: Lemming, Morthorst and Clausen: Offshore wind power experiences. Potential and key issues for deployment, Risø-R-1673(EN), Jan 2008
Cost development
Depth and distance to shore The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA) 2012 average: 22m; 29km
Why increased? Foundations O&M Electrical infrastructure
Offshore wind challenge: Cost of Energy From the Megavind Strategy for Offshore Wind Research, December 2010
Upscaling?
This requires material development and new designs
Alpha Ventus The 12 wind turbines at Alpha Ventus are 6 Areva Multibrid M5000 6 Repower 5 MW Areva Multibrid THM 244 t Repower 5M THM 430 t 28 Risø DTU
The Enercon wind turbine (gearless) Enercon THM 400-500 t 30 DCAMM 2011
The monopile foundation Gerrad Hassan and Partners Ltd. Horns Reef I (Denmark), depth 10-14m
The monopile: Steel tube and transition piece Aarsleff Bilfinger Berger Joint Venture Applied at depths up to 45m Simple to construct and install Cost-efficient Diameter up to 6m Driven up to 30m into the sea bed Connection of transition piece DNV
Future developments The North Sea development Economy as driver for technology Current trends Soil
Depth and distance to shore The European offshore wind industry key trends and statistics 2012 (EWEA) 2012 average: 22m; 29km
Jacket foundations Gerrad Hassan and Partners Ltd. Alpha Ventus (Germany)
Jacket foundations Gerrad Hassan and Partners Ltd. Applicable at large depth (e.g. 70 m) Stiff Vulnerable to fatigue Three- and four legged versions Transition piece Piled into sea bed
Carbon Trust Winning concepts 2010 www.carbontrust.co.uk
The suction bucket monotower Universal Foundations: Suction bucket monotower
The suction bucket monotower Up to 55m depth Cost efficient Behaves like gravity base foundation Installation by suction No rocks (few) Easy removal Universal Foundations: Suction bucket monotower
Carbon Trust Winning concepts 2010 www.carbontrust.co.uk
Floating wind turbines The Hywind concept Installed by Statoil April-June 2009 Siemens 2.3 MW wind turbine Catenary moored spar buoy
Offshore installation 2003 Nysted 72 x 2.3 MW - on a nice day 42 Risø DTU RISØ offshore course 8-11 November 2010
160.9m x 49m - Jackup on 75m water Crane capability of 1,200 t Room for 111 people
Future trends The North Sea development Economy as driver for technology Current challenges Soil
WAsP 10 - Google Earth
Optimal wind farm layout?
Cost model Maximize Finance balance Maximize power production (WP) Minimize cost Minimize foundation cost Minimize cable cost Minimize maintenance FB=WP 1 p sf C 1 r c1 r i NL XN L r c2 r i p sf C 1 NA XN A, C=CF CI CT CE CM Maintenance cost Electrical infrastructure cost Civil engineering infrastructure co Installation cost Foundation cost
Optimal design of substructures
Transition piece Hot spots in jacket node
Loads and structural response of offshore wind turbines
Future developments Current trends The North Sea development Economy as driver for technology Henrik Bredmose Associate prof. in offshore wind energy Soil DTU Wind Energy hbre@dtu.dk