Appendix 8. Curriculum vitae for DRUID-staff

Appendix 8 Curriculum vitae for DRUID-staff 1

Esben Sloth Andersen's Curriculum Vitae Personal and Contact Information Esben Sloth Andersen, Associate Professor, PhD Personal Danish citizen Born on 16 August 1947 in Esbjerg, Denmark Married, two children Office Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University Fibigerstraede 4, 9220 Aalborg OE, Denmark Tel: (45) 9635 8243 Fax: (45) 9815 6013 E-mail: esa@business.auc.dk Web: http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esa/ Home Ottrupgaard 5, 9520 Skoerping, Denmark Tel: (45) 9839 2905 Education and Degrees PhD on evolutionary economics PhD Programme in Technology Policy, Innovation and Socio-Economic Development, Department of Economics and Planning, Roskilde University, 1988 93 Thesis: Elements of Evolutionary Economics, September 1993 Degree: PhD (Roskilde University), January 1994 Computer science Computer science, Aalborg University, 1984 86 Degree: cand.mag. (samfundsfag og datalogi), June 1986 General social science General social science (samfundsfag), University of Copenhagen, 1971 76 Degree: cand.phil. (samfundsfag), June 1976 Price: silver medal for a competition thesis on Eksportudvikling, erhvervsstruktur og forskningspolitik [Export development, industrial structure, and research policy], February 1977 Forestry Forest engineering, Agricultural University of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1966 71 High school Mathematical-biological high school specialisation, Th. Langs Gymnasium, Silkeborg, 1964 66 Degree: studentereksamen (mat-bio), June 1966 2

Work Associate professor in descriptive economics, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University, 1980 (including leaves) Research fellow, Department of Production, Aalborg University, 1982 83 Assistant professor in descriptive economics, Department of Production, Aalborg University, 1977 80 Assistant professor in descriptive economics, Department of Educational Studies, Aalborg University, 1977 Civil service at Polyteknisk Forening, Technical University of Denmark, 1974 75 Responsible for the course on Science and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Aarhus, 1973 74 Full-time member of the presidium of the Danish National Union of Students, Copenhagen, 1970 72 (working on the planning of higher education in science and technology, and on research policy) Research stays and guest jobs Équipe de Recherche sur les Marchés, l Emploi et la Simulation (ERMES), Université Panthéon-Assas, Paris, France, 1999 Technological and Economic Dynamics Programme, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxemburg, Austria, 1996 Institut für Evolutionäre Ökonomik, Universität Freiburg, Germany, 1993 PREST and UMIST, Manchester, UK, 1988 Participation in Research Programmes and Networks Danish Research Unit of Industrial Dynamics (DRUID): A programme funded by the Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Industry, 1995 2000 International Schumpeter Society (member of the board of management) European Association of Evolutionary Political Economy (member) Refereeing for Industrial and Corporate Change, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Research Policy, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics Market-based Process and Product Innovation in the Food Sector (MAPP): A Programme funded by FOTEK, 1991 94 The IKE Group on Innovation Studies, Department of Business Studies, 1978 Teaching and administration, etc. Administrative and planning tasks 3

Member of the Study Board on Economics, Aalborg University, 1996 99 Member of the Board of the Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University, 1998 Organiser of courses on evolutionary economic modelling within ETIC: the European Doctoral Training Programme on the Economics of Technological and Institutional Change, 1995 External examiner in economics, Copenhagen Business School, 1993-, and the Technical University of Denmark, 1994 Repretents the IKE Group in the Danish PhD Network on the Study of Technological Change, 1993 Member of the Board of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Aalborg University, 1991 95 Member of the Board of the Institute of Production, Aalborg University, 1987 90, 92 95 Member of the Research Committee of the Board of Aalborg University, 1980 82 Member of the Interrim Study Board on Natural Sciences, Roskilde University, 1972 73 Member of the Danish Ministry of Education's Committee on the Research Relations of Higher Education, 1972 73 PhD teaching activities EUNETIC PhD course on Economics of Technological and Institutional Change, Tannishus, 22 26 September 1993 (organiser and lecturer) PhD course on Innovation Systems and Technology Policy in an Evolutionary Economic Framework, Tannishus, 25 28 January 1995 (organiser and lecturer) ETIC courses on Evolutionary Modelling of Technical Change and Economic Dynamics, Maastricht 5-7 June 1995, and Strasbourg 14 18 October 1996, 13 17 October 1997, 12 15 October 1998, and 26 30 April 1999 (organiser and lecturer) Supervision of theses on Finance and innovation, Lead-user's role in innovation, Knowledge flows in input-output studies, and Coevolutionary dynamics and the Laboratory of Simulation Design, 1993 Major BA and MA teaching activities International specialisation and technology, annually since 1997 Modelling of industrial dynamics and economic evolution, annually since 1995 Intermediate microeconomics for students of general economics, annually since 1994 Economic methodology and, occasionally, history of economic ideas, 1992 97 Introduction to computing principles and applications, occasionally since 1986 Resource allocation and project evaluation, 1978 83 Descriptive economics, 1977 86 and occasionally since then Tutor on more than 100 projects (including many Master s Theses, especially on industrial dynamics and economic evolution) Publications Books Andersen, E.S. (1994), Evolutionary Economics: Post-Schumpeterian Contributions, Pinter, London. ISBN 1 85567 042 9. Paperback edition, 1996. ISBN 1 85567 383 5. 4

Available on the web: Contents [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/ee-conts.pdf], Chapter 1 [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/ee1.pdf], Parts of Chapter 4 [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/ee4.pdf]. Andersen, E.S., Dalum, B., and Villumsen, G. (1981), International Specialization and the Home Market: An Empirical Analysis, Aalborg University Press, Aalborg. ISBN 87 7307 150 1. Andersen, E.S., Brændgaard, A., Johnson, B., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1979), Industriel udvikling og international konkurrenceevne: Forskningsprogram, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg. ISBN 87 7307 046 7. Andersen, E.S. (1978), Eksportudvikling, erhvervsstruktur og forskningspolitik, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg. ISBN 87 7307 020 3. Andersen, E.S., Johnson, B., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1978), Industriel udvikling og industrikrise, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg. ISBN 87 7307 024 6. Articles Andersen, E.S. (1999), Multisectoral Growth and National Innovation Systems, Nordic Journal of Political Economy. Andersen, E.S. (1997), Neo- and Post-Schumpeterian Contributions to Evolutionary Economics, in Reijnders, J. (ed.) (1997), Economics and Evolution, Belgian-Dutch Association for Post-Keynesian Studies, Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 109 135. Andersen, E.S. (1997), Introduction to Innovation Systems: Evolutionary Perspectives, in Edquist, C. (ed.), Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organisations, Pinter, London, pp. 174 179. Andersen, E.S. (1997), An Evolutionary Approach to Structural Economic Dynamics, in Conte, R., Hegselmann, R., and Terna, P. (eds.), Simulating Social Phenomena, Springer, Berlin, pp. 287 293. Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1997), National Innovation Systems and the Dynamics of the Division of Labour, in Edquist, C. (ed.), Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organisations, Pinter, London, pp. 242 265. Andersen, E.S. (1996), Theories of Localised Resource-Based Growth and Development: From Marshall to New Evolutionary Economics, in Hyttinen, P., Mononen, A., and Pelli, P. (eds.), Regional Development Based on Forest Resources: Theories and Practices, EFI Proceedings No 9, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, pp. 5 16. Andersen, E.S. (1996), The Evolution of Economic Complexity: A Division-and- Coordination-of-Labour Approach, in Helmstädter, E., and Perlman, M. (eds.), Behavioral Norms, Technological Progress and Economic Dynamics: Studies in Schumpeterian Economics, Michigan University Press, pp. 97 119. Andersen, E.S. (1996), From Static Structures to Dynamics: Specialisation and Innovative Linkages, in DeBresson, C. (ed.), Economic Interdependence and Innovative Activity: An Input-Output Analysis, Elgar, Aldershot, pp. 331 353. Andersen, E.S. (1992), Approaching National Systems of Innovation from the Production and Linkage Structure, in Lundvall, B.-Å. (ed.), National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Pinter, London, pp. 68 92. 5

Andersen, E.S., and Brændgaard, A. (1992), Integration, Innovation and Evolution, in Lundvall, B.-Å. (ed.), National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Pinter, London, pp. 242 264. Andersen, E.S. (1991), Techno-economic Paradigms as Typical Interfaces between Producers and Users, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Vol. 1, pp. 119 144. Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1988), Small National Systems of Innovation Facing Technological Revolutions: An Analytical Framework, in Freeman, Christopher, and Lundvall, B.-Å. (eds.), Small Countries Facing the Technological Revolution, Pinter, London and New York, pp. 1 31. Andersen, E.S. (1984), Teknologisk udvikling og samfundsøkonomi, in Lundvall, B.-Å., Madsen, H., and Pedersen, J.L. (eds.), Teknologi mellem økonomi og politik, Teknik-Samfunds Initiativet, Statens Samfundsvidenskabelige Forskningsråd, Blytmanns Forlag, Copenhagen, pp. 59 96. Andersen, E.S. (1984), Danmark mellem Norden og EF, Samfundsøkonomen, Vol. 2, pp.10 14. Andersen, E.S., Dalum, B., and Nielsen, E.C. (1983), Danmark og nordisk integration, in Heie, H. (ed.) Er EFs fremtid også Danmarks?: Dokumentation,, Copenhagen, pp. 419 464. Andersen, E.S., Dalum, B. and Villumsen, G.), The Importance of the Home Market for Technological Development and the Export Specialization of Manufacturing Industry, in Freeman, C. et al. (eds.), Technical Innovation and National Economic Performance, Aalborg, Aalborg University Press, 1981, pp. 53 102. Andersen, E.S. (1979), Teknologiudvikling og teknikvalg inden for et nationalt produktionssystem, i Andersen, E.S., Brændgaard, A., Johnson, B. og Lundvall, B.-Å. (red.), Industriel udvikling og international konkurrenceevne: Forskningsprogram, Aalborg, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 1979, pp. 32 70. Andersen, E.S. (1978), Reproduktion, teknologiudvikling og nationale produktionssystemer, in Andersen, E.S., Johnson, B., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (eds.), Industriel udvikling og industrikrise, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, Aalborg, pp. 59 115. Andersen, E.S. (1974), Edb-uddannelse: Notater om udviklingen af et nyt kvalifikationsområde i Danmark, in Mathiesen, A., and Olesen, H. S. (eds.), Skolereformer og uddannelsesøkonomi, Roskilde Universitetscenter, Roskilde, pp. 91 120. Andersen, E.S. (1973), Erhvervsproblemer og bevidsthedsudvikling indenfor teknik og naturvidenskab, Nordisk Forum, Vol. 7, pp. 147 164. Reviews and interviews Andersen, E.S. (1999), Verdensøkonomi på spil, Interview med B. Møller Sørencen, Magisterbladet, No. 5, March 1999, pp. 30 32. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa99/magister99.html] Andersen, E.S. (1997), Review of A. Lundgren: Technological Innovation and Network Evolution, Research Policy, Vol. 26, pp. 257 258. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa97/r97-1.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1996), Review of L. Leydesdorff and P. van den Besselaar (eds.): Evolutionary Economics and Chaos Theory: New Directions in Technology Studies, Research Policy, Vol. 25:3, pp. 485 486. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/r96-1.pdf] 6

Andersen, E.S. (1996), Review of C. Elworthy: Homo Biologicus: An Evolutionary Model for the Human Sciences, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Vol. 6:2, pp. 217 219. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/r96-2.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1995), Review of G.M. Hodgson, W.J. Samuels, and M.R. (eds.): The Elgar Companion to Institutional and Evolutionary Economics, Economic Journal, Vol. 105, pp. 1300 1302. Andersen, E.S. (1995), En kompleks historie. Anmeldelse af P. Etwil: Teknologi og innovation i det landbrugsindustrielle kompleks 1900 1940, Fabrik og Bolig, pp. 40 43. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa95/r95-2.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1993), Review of R. Swedberg: Schumpeter: A Biography, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 31, pp. 1969 70. Papers in the pipeline for publication Andersen, E.S. (1999), Railroadization as Schumpeter s Standard Example of Capitalist Evolution: An Evolutionary-Ecological Interpretation, Paper for the workshop on the History of Evolutionary Thought in Economics, Max-Planck- Institute for Research into Economic Systems, Jena 26 28 August 1999. 33 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa99/jena99.pdf]. Revised version submitted to a journal. Andersen, E.S. (1999), Response to Paolo Saviotti s Considerations about a Production System with Quantitative Change: A Comparison of a Replicator Dynamics Approach and of an Input-Output Approach, Note for for the workshop on Self-Organisation, Evolutionary Economics and Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 12 15 July 1999, 5 pp. Andersen, E.S. and Teubal, M. (1999), The Transformation of Innovation Systems: Towards a Policy Perspective, Paper presented at the DRUID Conference on Innovation Systems, Rebild, 9 12 June 1999. 25 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/conf-papers/conf-papersattach/andersen_teubal.pdf]. Submitted for a special issue of a journal. Andersen, E.S. and Teubal, M. (1999), High Tech Cluster Creation and Cluster Re- Configuration: A Systems and Policy Perspective, Supplementary paper presented at the DRUID Conference on Innovation Systems, Rebild, 9 12 June 1999. 31 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/conf-papers/conf-papersattach/andersen_teubal2.pdf]. Revised version submitted for a journal. Andersen, E.S. (1998), The Dynamics of the Organisation of Industry, DRUID Working Papers No 98-13, Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics, Copenhagen and Aalborg. 31 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/druidattach/pdf_files/98-13.pdf]. Sumitted to a journal. Andersen, E.S. and Philipsen, K. (1998), The Evolution of Credence Goods in Customer Markets: Exchanging Pigs in Pokes, Paper presented at the DRUID Winter Seminar, Middelfart, 8 10 January 1998. 19 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa98/credence.pdf]. Sumitted to a journal. Andersen, E.S. (1998), Escaping Satiation in an Evolutionary Model of Structural Economic Dynamics, Paper presented at the workshop on Escaping Satiation: Increasing Product Variety, Preference Change and the Demand Side of Economic Growth, Max Planck Institute for Research into Economic Systems, Jena, 11 13 December 1997, DRUID Working Papers No 98-9, Department of Business 7

Studies, Aalborg University. 29 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/druidattach/pdf_files/98-9.pdf]. Revised version for Journal of Evolutionary Economics. Working papers and reports not yet used in articles and books Philipsen, K. and Andersen, E.S. (1998), Free-Range Pig Meat: Innovation and Control of a New Credence Good, MAPP Working Paper No 33, Centre for Market Surveillance, Research and Strategy for the Food Sector, Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business. 65 pp. [http://www.mapp.hha.dk/wppdf/wp33.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1997), The Schumpeterian Trade-off in an Evolutionary Model of Economic Growth and Development, Paper presented at the Conference on Competition and Industrial Dynamics, Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics, Skagen, 2 3 June 1997. 13 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa97/skagen.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1997), Elements of LaTeX Systems, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 18 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/evolecon/latex/mylatex/mylatex.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1996), The Evolution of an Industrial Sector with a Varying Degree of Roundaboutness of Production, Paper presented at the International Schumpeter Society Conference, Stockholm, 2 5 June 1996, DRUID Working Paper No 96-13, Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics, Copenhagen and Aalborg. 25 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/druid-attach/pdf_files/96-13.pdf] Andersen, E.S., Jensen, A.K., Madsen, L., and Jørgensen, M. (1996), The Nelson and Winter Models Revisited: Prototypes for Computer-Based Reconstruction of Schumpeterian Competition, DRUID Working Papers No 96-5, Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics, Copenhagen and Aalborg. 37 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/druid-attach/pdf_files/96-5.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1994), The Evolution of Credence Goods: A Transaction Approach to Product Specification and Quality Control, MAPP Working Paper No 21, Programme on Market-based Process and Product Innovation in the Food Sector, Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business. [http://www.mapp.hha.dk/wppdf/wp21.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1992), The Difficult Jump From Walrasian to Schumpeterian Analysis, IKE Working Papers 78, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 25 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp78.pdf]. Andersen, E.S. (1992), Analytiske og politiske strategier overfor informationsteknologien, Rapport til Arbejdsministeriet [also as IKE Working Papers 75], Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 58 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp75.pdf]. Andersen, E.S. (1991), Statics and Development: A First Approximation to Schumpeter's Evolutionary Vision, IKE Working Papers 71, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 73 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp71.pdf]. Andersen, E.S. (1991), Schumpeter's Vienna and the Schools of Thought, IKE Working Papers 70, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 89 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp70.pdf]. Andersen, E.S. (1991), Reconstructing Theory-Evolution, with Special Respect to Schumpeter, IKE Working Papers 69, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 89 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp69.pdf]. 8

Andersen, E.S. (1991), The Core of Schumpeter s Work, IKE Working Papers 68, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 67 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp68.pdf]. Nielsen, K.V., Mortensen, J., and Andersen, E.S. (1991), Intra and Extra EC Trade in Information Technology from 1965 to 1987, Report from a Study for the Danish Ministry of Labour and the MERIT-Group Analysis for the EC, IKE Working Papers 73, Institute for Production, Aalborg University, 128 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1990), The Unconspicuous Innovation: Butter and the Danish System of Technological Development, mimeo, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 14 pp. Andersen, E.S., Lundvall, B.-Å., and Nielsen, K.V. (1990), Learning, Structural Change, Competitiveness and Employment, with special respect to IT and EC, EC/IT Project Report, MERIT, University of Limburg (and IKE Working Papers No 66). 58 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1987), Persondatamaten og skrivebordsarbejdet: Nogle muligheder generelt og via Open Access II, Institute for Production, Aalborg University, 88 pp. Andersen, E.S. and Villumsen, G. (1981), Metoder til afprøvning af hypoteser om hjemmemarkedets betydning for eksportspecialiseringen, IKE småskrift No 16, 36 pp. Andersen, E.S. and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1981), Forholdet mellem nationale interindustrielle sammenkædninger og international konkurrenceevne, IKE småskrift No 27, 1981, 17 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1980), Nationale produktionssystemers internationalisering og langsigtede konkurrenceevne, Institute for Production, Aalborg University, 135 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1979), Projektvurdering og økonomisk planlægning, Kand. Samf. Uddannelsen, Aalborg Universitetscenter. 94 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1978), Ingeniørfirmaer og industriel udvikling, IKE småskrift No 2, Institute for Production, Aalborg University, 1978, 35 pp. Annerstedt, J. and Andersen, E.S. (1976), Staten och forskningen i Norden. Första delen av en studie av den offentliga politiken för vetenskap och teknik i de nordiska länderna, Rapport til sekretariatet for nordisk kulturelt samarbejde, 1976, 146 pp. Andersen, E.S. and Jørgensen,. U. (1974), Ingeniørens arbejde, Polyteknisk Forenings Rusbog, Lyngby: Polyteknisk Forening, pp. 2 18. Andersen, E.S. (1973), Noter on industri, stat og teknisk-naturvidenskabelig uddannelse, Danske Studendes Fællesråd, Copenhagen. 100 pp. ISBN 87 8518 305 9. Andersen, E.S., and Jensen, N.J. (1971), Rapport om industri, stat og forskning, Danske Studendes Fællesråd, Copenhagen. 103 pp. Working papers and reports used in articles, books, and other working papers Andersen, E.S. (1999), National Innovation Systems in the Context of Multisectoral Growth and Development, Paper presented at the DRUID Conference on Innovation Systems, Rebild, 9 12 June 1999. 30 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/druid/conf-papers/conf-papersattach/esandersen.pdf]. Partly included in the paper published by Nordic Journal of Political Economy (see Articles). Andersen, E.S. (1999), An Evolutionary Approach to the Branching Growth of Knowledge and Production, Paper presented to Équipe de Recherche sur les Marchés, l Emploi et la Simulation (ERMES), Université Panthéon-Assas, Paris, 9

13 May 1999, 27 pp. Partly included in the paper published by Nordic Journal of Political Economy (see Articles). Andersen, E.S. (1997), Multisectoral Growth and National Innovation Systems, Paper presented at the workshop on Innovation, Policy and Society arranged by the Nordic Journal of Political Economy, Oslo, 5 6 December 1997. 31 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa98/oslo.pdf]. Revised version published by Nordic Journal of Political Economy (see Articles). Andersen, E.S. (1997), An Evolutionary Model of Structural Economic Dynamics, Paper presented at the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics Seminar, Snekkersten 8 10 January 1997, Dept. of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 26 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa97/snekker.pdf] Andersen, E.S. (1995), Theories of Localised Resource-Based Growth and Development: From Marshall to New Evolutionary Economics, Paper presented at the International Seminar on Regional Development Based on Forest Resources: Theories and Practices, 14 15 December 1995, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 10 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa96/joensuu.pdf]. Revised version published by European Forest Institute (see Articles). Andersen, E.S. (1995), Schumpeter versus New Evolutionary Economics, Paper presented at the EAEPE Conference on Transforming Economies and Societies: Towards an Institutional Theory of Economic Change, Crakow, 19 21 October 1995, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 20 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1995), Schumpeter versus Neo-Schumpeterian Evolutionary Economics, Paper presented at the seminar arranged by the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics (DRUID), Copenhagen, 1 2 December 1995, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 20 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1995), Neo- and Post-Schumpeterian Contributions to Evolutionary Economics, Paper presented at the Conference on Economics and Evolution, Arranged by the Belgian-Dutch Association for Post-Keynesian Economics, Utrecht, 10 November 1995, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 21 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa95/utrecht.pdf]. Revised version published by Elgar (see Articles). Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1995), The Dynamics of Innovation Systems: A Division-and-Coordination-of-Labour Approach, Paper presented at the second meeting of the Systems of Innovation Research Network, Lanzarote 20 22, 1995, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 29 pp. Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1995), National Innovation Systems and the Dynamics of the Division of Labour, Paper presented at the third meeting of the Systems of Innovation Research Network, Söderköping Conference, September 7 10, 1995, DRUID and IKE Group, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 25 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1994), Quality Breakdowns and the Evolution of Product Specifications, Paper presented at the 7th MAPP Conference, Middelfart, April 25 26, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Andersen, E.S. (1994), Innovation and Quality Standardisation: The Evolution of Complex Industrial Systems and Complex Product Designs, Paper presented at the International Schumpeter Society Conference, Münster, August 17 20, currently 10

available as Working Paper, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 23 pp. Revised version published by Michigan University Press (see Articles). Andersen, E.S. (1994), Innovative Linkages and Systems of Innovation, Working Paper No 1994-6, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa94/wp94-6.pdf] Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1994), Exploring the Concept of Innovation Systems by Means of Evolutionary-Economic Models of Innovative Linkages and Specialisation, Paper outline to be presented at the Conference on Systems of Innovation, Vadstena, Sweden, June 10 12, 1994, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Andersen, E.S., and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1994), Innovation Systems and Economic Evolution: A Division-of-Labour Approach, Precedings of the EUNETIC Conference on Evolutionary Economics and Technological Change: Assessment of Results and New Frontiers, Strasbourg, October 6 8, pp. 1491 1520. Andersen, E.S. (1993), Elements of Evolutionary Economics, PhD Thesis for the Programme in Technology Policy, Innovation and Socio-Economic Development, Department of Economics and Planning, University of Roskilde, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 8 + 229 pp. A revised version was published by Pinter (see Books). Andersen, E.S. (1993), A Quality Control Approach to Industrial Organization, with Special Respect to the Evolution of the Food Sector, Preprint for the workshop on Processes of Knowledge Accumulation in Firms and Industries: Evolutionary Economic Perspectives, Copenhagen Business School. Andersen, E.S. (1992), Towards a Schumpeterian Scheme of Punctuated Evolution, Paper presented at the European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy Conference on Structural Change and the Regulation of Economic Systems, Paris, November 4 6, 1992. 19 pp. The paper was partly included in Pinter book on Evolutionary Economics (see Books). Andersen, E.S. (1992), The New and the Old Evolutionary Economics, Paper presented at the Workshop on Evolutionary Economics and the Accumulation of Knowledge, Koldkær, Denmark, October 4 6, 1992, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 10 pp. The paper was partly included in Pinter book on Evolutionary Economics (see Books). Andersen, E.S. (1992), Railroadization as Schumpeter's Standard Case, IKE Working Papers 79, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 30 pp. [http://www.business.auc.dk/evolution/esapapers/esa90-93/wp79.pdf]. Partly used in the 1999 working paper on railroadization. Andersen, E.S., and Kristensen, A. (1992), Towards an Evolutionary-Systemic Approach to National Systems of Innovation, Paper presented at the 4S/EASST joint conference, Gothenburg, August 12 15, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 23 pp. Andersen, E.S. (1991), A Project on Process Control and Intangible Product Characteristics in the Food Industries, IKE Working Papers 72, Institute for Production, Aalborg University. 10 pp. 11

POUL HOUMAN ANDERSEN Associate Professor, PhD MSc (Econ), in International Business, Aalborg University, Denmark (1990) PhD, The Aarhus School of Business, Denmark (1995) The Aarhus School of Business Department of International Business Fuglesangs Allé 4 DK-8210 Aarhus V Office No C 04 Phone +45 8948 6630 Fax +45 8948 6125 E-mail POA@HHA.DK Research Area Theoretical areas: Theories on Internationalization and Export Behaviour; Resource-based Theory; Interorganizational Theory; Institutional Theory (Business Systems) Empirical issues: Internationalization of Marketing Management and Marketing Organization in Relation to Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and Subcontractors. Industrial Marketing Management. Organization of Multinational Corporations. Network Dynamics Academic Experience Associate Professor, Department of International Business, The Aarhus School of Business, 1996- Adjunct Lecturer, Department of Economics, Management Division, Aarhus University, 1996- Assistant Professor, Department of Production, Aalborg University, 1995-1996 Doctoral Research Student, Department of International Business, 12

The Aarhus School of Business, 1992-1995 Various teaching and research assignments, Aalborg University and The Aarhus School of Business, 1990-1992 Administrative Experience Coordinator of teaching programs at the International Technology Management Program at Aalborg University., 1995 and 1996 Reader for Irwin Publishers, London, 1993 & Prentice-Hall International, 1999 Organizer of a»management Centre Conference«on Qualitative Research Strategies, with Associate Professor Hanne Nørreklit, 1992 Conductor of a study for the Danish Ministry of Industry, with Professor Poul Rind Christensen, Southern Denmark Business School; and Professor Peter Maskell, Copenhagen Business School, 1996-1997 Board Member of Rosenmeier Electronics, 1995-1999 Conductor of a study on Strategic Supplier Relations in a Danish subcontractor perspective in relation to the Welfare Commission task group, 1994-1995 Publications 1.A Foot in the Door: Relationship Marketing Towards Transaction-oriented Customers. Under review for Industrial Marketing Management (1999). 2.With N. P. Mols and P. N. D. Bukh: The Configuration of Cash Management Relationships: Differences Between Market-based and Credit-based Financial Systems. Submitted for the European International Business Association Conference. 3.Relationship Development and Marketing Communication: An Integrative Model. Submitted for the Academy of Marketing Conference, Houston (2000). 4.With N. P. Mols and P. N. D. Bukh: A Comparative Study of Sourcing Strategies. Working Paper 1999-2, Department of Management, Aarhus University. To be presented at the 15th IMP Conference in Dublin (September 1999). 5.With Jesper Strandskov: Contexts of Firm Internationalization. The Importance of Business and Ownership Integration. In K. Pedersen and S. Thomsen (eds.): Internationalisering - styring og samarbejde. Systime (1999). 6.International Brand Management - the Case of Dandy. Working paper, submitted to the Marketing Communications and Consumer Behavior Conference (1999). 7.With Frank Skov Kristensen: Relationship Marketing Practices and Organizational Development. To be presented at the 7th Colloquium in Relationship Marketing. Strathclyde University, 13

Glasgow (November 1999). 8.With Poul Rind Christensen: The Pen & The Needle: Technological Collaboration in Global Subcontracting. Accepted for Asia Case Research Journal. 9.With Poul Rind Christensen: Interpartner Diversity in Global Subcontractor Relationships. Accepted for European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. 10.International Technology Subcontracting - An Investigation of the Knowledge-Stickyness Problem. Research Policy 28/6 (1999). 11.With Rajesh Kumar: Managing Meaning in International Strategic Alliances. Presented at the Academy of Management Convention in San Diego, August (1998). Accepted for International Business Review. 12.With Asta Salmi, Helén Anderson, Virpo Havila and Aino Halinen: Studying Dynamics in Business Networks: The Case of Printing on Paper in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. Working Paper W-208, Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration, Helsinki (1998). 13.With Poul Rind Christensen: Danske underleverandører på fremtidens globale, virtuelle industrielle markeder. Virksomhedens Internationale Aktiviteter, Børsens Forlag, September (1998). 14.Organizing International Technological Collaboration in Subcontractor Relationships. An Investigation of the Knowledge-Stickyness Problem. DRUID Working Paper No 98-11, Aalborg (1998). 15.With Poul Rind Christensen and Per Blenker: Generic Routes to Subcontractors' Internationalization. In Matts Forsgren & Ingmar Björkman (eds.): The Nature of The International Firm. Copenhagen Business School Press (1997). 16.With Helén Andersson, Virpi Havila and Aino Halinen-Havila: Position and Role - Conceptualizing Dynamics in Business Networks. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 3, pp. 167-186 (1998). 17.With Henrik B. Sørensen: Reputational Information and Interorganizational collaboration. Presented at the EMAC Conference in Stockholm (1998). Accepted for Corporate Reputation Review 2/3. 18.With Jesper Strandskov: International Market Selection - A Cognitive Mapping Approach. Journal of Global Marketing, vol. 11, no 3, pp. 65-83 (1998). 19.With Poul Rind Christensen: Den Globale Udfordring - Danske Underleverandørers Internationalisering. Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen, May (1998). 20.With Henrik B. Sørensen: Business Reputation in Network Formation: Its Role in Interorganizational Collaboration. Proceedings from the 27th EMAC Conference, Sweden (1997). 21.Underleverandør til den internationale virksomhed.børsens Internationale Aktiviteter, 2/96 (1996). 22.Managing Market Resources. In L. Nørreklit & H. M. W. 14

Schoenfeld (eds.): Resources of the Firm. DJØF Publishing Company, Copenhagen (1996). 23.Ontology and Research Strategy - A Discussion of Paradigmatic Consequences to Social Inquiry. In T. Elfring; H. S. Jensen and A. Money (eds.): European Research Paradigms in Business Studies. Copenhagen Business School Press (1995). 24.Strategiske underleverandørrelationer. In Finn Valentin; Poul H. Andersen; Bent Dalum; T. Pedersen and G. Willumsen (eds.): Strategiske Virksomhedsrelationer. The Danish Ministry of Industry and Trade, Copenhagen (1995). 25.Collaborative Internationalization of SMEs: SMEs' Participation in the International Division of Labour. DJØF Publishing Company, Copenhagen (1995). 26.With Helen Anderson: Network Dynamics and Competition - Positions and Roles in the Exchange and Development of Knowledge. IMP 11th International Conference Proceedings. Manchester School of Management (1995). 15

Curriculum Vitae Name: Jens Frøslev Christensen Born: 1949 Office: Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6th floor 1366 Copenhagen K Denmark. Phone: + 45 38152555 Fax: + 45 3815 2540 E-mail: jfc.ivs@cbs.dk Home: Enghave Plads 11, 2, DK-1670 Copenhagen, Denmark Current and Past Positions: Current: Professor in Management of Technology at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School (since 1998) Past: 1982-1998 Associate Professor at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1977-1982 Research assistant at the Government's Low Income Commision, the Ministry of Labour Educational Background: Mag. Scient in Sociology, Copenhagen University (1977) Teaching Interests and Experience: Post graduate courses in Management of Technology, Business and Corporate Strategy and Industry Analysis. Research Interests and Ongoing Research Projects: Management of Technology and Innovation Corporate Coherence and Technology Strategy in Multi-product Companies Strategy and structure revisited : The Evolution and Coherence of Large Companies Participation in Research Programs: 1977-1982: Member of the research team of the Government's Low Income Commission 16

1985-1990: Co-director (with Finn Valentin) of a large empirical study on industrial innovation in Danish SME's (DYS-project), jointly funded by The Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Trade and Industry 1994-1999 CISTEMA (Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Technology Management) funded jointly by The Danish Social Science Research Council and The Technical Science Research Council 1995-2000 DRUID (Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics) funded by The Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Trade and Industry Committee Assignmments: 1983-1993 Member of Economic Faculty Council at Copenhagen Business School 1990-1993 Member of the Executive Commitee of the Economic Faculty Council at Copenhagen Business School 1987-1991 Chairman of the Department Council, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1990-1991 Head of Department, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1994 1999 Member of the Management Commitee of CISTEMA (Center for Interdisciplinary studies in Technology Management). 1995-1999 Head of Department, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1995- Member of the Management Commitee of Druid (Danish Research Unit for Industrial Economics) Referee and Advisor for: The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Economics of Innovation and New Technology European Management Journal IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management John Wiley & Sons R&D Management 17

Publications: 1. Articles in Refereed Journals A Market-Process Approach to Corporate Coherence, forthcoming in Managerial and Decision Economics 1999 (co-author: Nicolai J. Foss) Innovative Assets and Inter-Asset Specificity - A Resource-based Approach to Innovation, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, vol. 4, 1996: p. 193-209 Asset profiles for technological innovation, Research Policy Vol. 24, 1995: 727-745 Technological Development: The Structuring of Industrial Production and the Impacts on Living Conditions, Acta Sociologica, Vol. 23, 1980: p. 261-278. 2. Books Produktinnovation - proces og strategi. Handelshøjskolens Forlag, second edition 1995 (236 p.). Teknologisk service: Tendenser og udfordringer. A report made for and published by Institutrådet and Danish Agency for Trade and Industry, Copenhagen 1996 (co-authors: Pauline T. Christensen, Kirsten Foss and Peter Lotz (103 p.) Innovation i dansk erhvervsliv. Danish Agency for Trade and Industry, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Copenhagen 1994 (68 p.) Nye virksomheder og iværksættere i tal 1985-89 (co-authors: Peter B. Nielsen and Jane Wickmann), Danish Agency for Trade and Industry, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Copenhagen 1992 (51 p.) Produktinnovation - proces og strategi. Handelshøjskolens Forlag, first edition 1992 (236 p.) Tendenser i industriens udvikling. The Ministry of Environment and Energy, Copenhagen 1983 (34 p.) Erhvervsstruktur, teknologi og levevilkår. Part II. Low Income Comission s secretariat, Copenhagen 1981 (409 p.) Erhvervsstruktur, teknologi og levevilkår. Part I. Low Income Commission s secretariat, Copenhagen 1980 (262 p.) 3. Essays in Books Building Innovative Assets and Dynamic Coherence in Multi-Technology Companies. Forthcoming in N. J. Foss and P. L. Robertson (eds.): Resources, Technology and Strategy, London: Routledge 1999 18

Management of the Technology in Multi-Product Firms. In R. Coombs, K. Green, A. Richards and V. Walsh (eds.): Technological Change and Organization, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 1998 Dynamic Corporate Coherence and Competence-Based Competition: Theoretical Foundations and Strategic Implications. In: Aimé Heene and Ron Sanchez (eds.): Competence-Based Strategic Management. Oxford, Elsevier 1997 (co-author: Nicolai J. Foss) Analyzing the Technology Base of the Firm: A Multi-Dimensional Resource and Competence Perspective. In N. Foss and C. Knudsen (eds.): Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm. London: Routledge 1996 Virksomhedens teknologistrategiske dimension. In: K. Kreiner and J. Mouritsen (eds.): Teknologi og virksomhedsudvikling. Copenhagen: Samfundslitteratur, 1992 Transforming Industrial Destruction into Industrial Renewal - The Case of Elsinore. In: Pierre Judet (ed.): Industrial Flexibility and Work. Grenoble: Cahiers Irep/dévelopment, 1988 Perspektiver for den fremtidige efterspørgsel efter arbejdskraft. In: S. Illeris & T. P. Jensen (eds.): Fremtidig arbejdskraftefterspørgsel. Copenhagen: AKF (Amtskommunernes og Kommunernes Forskningsinstitut), 1982 4. Articles in Nordic Journals, Conference Proceedings, etc. Pursuing Corporate Coherence in Decentralized Governance Structures. The Role of Technology Management in Multi-Product Companies. In: T. Khalil et al (eds.): Civilization, Modern Technology and Sustainable Development. Conference Proceedings, Cairo, March 1999. The Dynamics of the Diversified Coporation and the Role of Central Management of Technology. In: The creation of prosperity, business and work opportunities through technology management. Proceedings, Göteborg, June 1997. The Dynamics of Innovative Assets and the Strategic Coherence of the Technology Base. In: Management and New Technology. Conference Proceedings, Madrid, June 1996. Innovation og vækst en analyse af Vækstfondens portefølje af innovative projekter, Institut for Industriøkonomi og Virksomhedsstrategi, Handelshøjskolen i København 1996 (co-authors: Kenneth Husted and Pauline T. Christensen). The Corporate Coherence of the Technology Base. In: D. Bennett and F. Steward (eds.): Technological Innovation and Global Challenges, Aston University, Birmingham July 1995. Den regionale iværksætterdynamik inden for fremstillingsvirksomhed i Danmark. Ledelse & Erhvervsøkonomi No. 4 1991: 179-190 (co-authors: P. B. Nielsen and J. Wickmann). 19

Technology Strategy and Product Innovation in Small-scale Industry. In: T. Khalil et al. (eds.): Technology Management, Geneva 1988 (co-author: Finn Valentin). Dansk industripolitik: En liberalistisk bastion ved vadestedet. NordRefo nr. 1-2 1984 (Universitetsforlaget Oslo): p. 153-173. Tendenser i den industrielle udvikling: Fra stordriftsbaseret vækst til strukturel krise og omstilling. NordRefo No. 1-2 1984 (Universitetsforlaget Oslo): p. 37-52. Perspektiver for beskæftigelse og arbejdsløshed i lyset af den erhvervsmæssige og teknologiske udvikling. Økonomi og Politik nr. 4 1980: p. 334-352. 5. Recent reviews Book review of Technology, Innovation and Competitiveness, R&D Management 1998. Book review of Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition (book review), European Management Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2 1998 (249-251) 6. Selected Recent Working Papers The Dynamics of the Diversified Corporation and the Role of Central Management of Technology. DRUID Working Paper No. 98-4, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1998. MD Foods Strategi, struktur og teknologiledelse. CISTEMA Working Paper 1998-3, Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark 1998 Grundfos Strategi, struktur og teknologiledelse. CISTEMA Working Paper 1998-2 Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark 1998 The Dynamics of Innovative Assets and the Strategic Coherence of the Tecnology Base.CISTEMA Working Paper 1996-3, Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark 1996. Dynamic Corporate Coherence and Competence-Based Competition (co-author Nicolai Juul Foss) CISTEMA Working Paper, Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark, 1996. A Process Approach to Corporate Coherence (co-author Nicolai Juul Foss) DRUID Working Paper 96-7, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy; Copehagen Business School, 1996. Bang & Olufsen - Strategi, struktur og teknologiledelse. CISTEMA Working Paper 96-4, Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark 1998. Danfoss - Strategi, struktur og teknologiledelse. CISTEMA Working Paper 96-5, Copenhagen Business School & Technical University of Denmark 1996. 20

CV for Jesper Lindgaard Christensen: Jesper Lindgaard Christensen graduated with a MA in economics from Aalborg University in 1988. In 1992 he became a PhD on a thesis on the role of finance in technological development. The thesis was funded by the Danish Social Science Research Council and The Danish Ministry of Industry. In 1993-94 he has been a lecturer and assistant professor. In 1995-1997 he was a research fellow and had almost solely research obligations. He is now assistant profesor at Department of Business Studies. Jesper L. Christensen is a member of IKE. Address: Aalborg University Department of Business Studies Fibigerstræde 4, room 43B DK-9220 Aalborg Ø Denmark Tel. +45 96 35 82 61 Fax. +45 98 15 60 13 e-mail. jlc@business.auc.dk Educations nov. 1992: Ph.d, economics, Aalborg University. june 1988: Masters degree, economics, Aalborg University. aug. 1978 -juni 1981: Matematisk-samfundsfaglig studentereksamen, Nr.Sundby gymnasium. Previous employment May 1995 sept. 1998: associate professor, Dept. Of Business Studies, externally funded. May 1994 - april 1995: Forskningsadjunkt, AID-project (Analyse af Innovation i Danmark), AUC. Feb.1994 - juni 1994: Lecturer soc.science basis 2.sem. og oecon 6.sem., AUC Aug.1993 - feb.1994: Adjunktvikar, HA- og oecon-udd. Koordinator for HAudd. 3.sem.,AUC march 1993 - juni 1993: Lecturer, samf.basis 2.sem. og oecon-udd. 4.sem.,AUC nov. 1992 - march 1993: Adjunktvikar, Institut for Erhvervsstudier, AUC march 1989 - nov.1992: Ph.D. student, Dept. Of business studies, AUC. sept. 1988 - jan. 1989 og sept. 1987 - jan. 1988: Lecturer (UA), soc.science 3.semester, AUC. jan. 1987 - may 1987: Lecturer (UA), Teknisk-Naturvidenskabelige 4.semester, AUC. feb. 1984 - feb. 1989: Interviewer and regional director for analyseinstituttet MRK. Recent research activities: In 1999 he has collaborated with professor Allan Riding, Carleton University on studies of loan guarantee schemes. Research activities in 1999 also includes the venture capital in Denmark, analyses of innovation survey data, and inter-firm collaboration. He has been an advisor to the Ministry of Industry on implementation of Business Angels Network in Denmark. He is co-editor of Scandinavian Venture Capital Journal. An even more detailed list of activities and a list of publications can be accessed through his web-page. 21

In 1998 he was the daily coordinator of the DISKO-project as well as conducting part of the work. Also the work in the OECD/NIS project continued in 1998. He was a consultant for The ministry of Industry on the Danish Community Innovation Survey and on a EUfunded project on benchmarking innovation financing. September 1998 he became an assistant professor at Department of Business Studies. He has collaborated with Staffan Gullander, Linköping University on research on business angels. He participated in developing a method and a panel of 1000 respondents for forecasting changes in business cycles in North Jutland (Nordjysk Konjunkturbarometer). In 1997 he has continued two activities from 1996 (described as point 3 and 5 below). On activity 5 (ISE) a report was delivered on Innovation Financing in Europe. The main activity has however, been to coordinate and participate in the DISKO-project an acronym for Danish Innovation System in KOmparative perspective. This project runs for three years and is financed by the Council for Industrial Development and the Ministry of Industry. In this project his main responsibility is linked to the so-called module 3. The purpose of module 3 is to analyze how a number of selected technlogical institutes and bridging institutions affect the innovation process. This analysis is especially relevant in light of the increasingly science-based technological development in many areas. On the basis of these analyses it is the purpose to discuss the present and future institutional structures with respect to promoting innovation. The module is organized in three sub-modules. One is on knowledge creating/-diffusing institutions meaning both technical services and research institutions. The analyses build primarily on data from the surveys mentioned under module 2, on CIS-data (both first and second round of CIS), and on personal interviews. The under-module on technological services and the research institutions was conducted jointly by Birgitte Gregersen, Anna Rogaczewska and Jesper Lindgaard Christensen. The work on the role of the financial sector in innovation overlap with both work already done in Denmark on this issue and with work in progress in EU under the coordination of the Danish Ministry of Industry. Therefore, it has been decided to focus on an area on which we have little knowledge namely the quantitative and qualitative role of business angels in Denmark. This is investigated by means of a survey supplemented by interviews. Both the survey and the interviews were completed in september 1997. Jesper Lindgaard Christensen is both conducting and responsible. Other activities in 1997 include participation in the OECD-project on National Innovation Systems and conferences within DRUID Danish Research Unit on Industrial Dynamics. He has also been a consultant on the evaluations on VækstFonden and Centerkontraktordningen. In addition, he gave courses on industrial economics and has been supervisor on two master thesis. In 1996 Jesper L. Christensen has been occupied with 6 main projects. An analysis of the possibilities for small and medium sized firms in Denmark to obtain finance. The study involved discussions on the impact of the tax system, the institutional setting, a comparison with other european countries. The project was reported in a publication: Christensen, Jesper L. et.al. (1996): "Kapital og Vækst - Kapitalforsyning til Små og mellemstore virksomheder i Danmark", Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen. Together with Nick von Tunzelmann of SPRU Jesper L. Christensen did a study on innovation in the european food and beverages industry. This study is reported in Christensen, Jesper L. and Tunzelmann, Nick von (1996): "Innovation in the European Food Products and Beverages Industry", European Commission, EIMS. Together with Arne Kristensen Jesper L. Christensen has been involved in different analysis of data from the Community innovation survey. Several publications has sprung out of this project including Christensen, Jesper L. and Kristensen, Arne (1997): "Et 22

historisk og internationalt perspektiv på innovation i Danmark", Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen. and Christensen, Jesper L. and Kristensen, Arne(1995) : "Innovation og erhvervsudvikling" ("Innovation and industrial development"), Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen (The Ministry of Industry). As a part of an OECD study Jesper L. Christensen did a study together with Keld Laursen on the Danish innovation system with special emphasis on which data could be used for further analysis. This work is reported in Laursen, K. & Christensen, J.L. (1996): "The Creation, Distribution and Use of Knowledge: A pilot study on the Danish Innovation System", Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen. As part of a EU - TSER programme project Jesper L. Christensen did an analysis of the role of financial systems and borrower-lender interaction in innovation. Drafts from this project has been presented in Milan, Athens and Copenhagen. Finally, Jesper L. Christensen has been involved in a project focusing upon the regional industrial development. Three main publications resulted from this project: Christensen, Jesper L. (1996): "Fornyelse i Nordjysk erhvervsliv", Aalborg. Christensen, Jesper L. (1996): "Finansieringsmuligheder i Nordjylland", Aalborg. Christensen, Jesper L. (1996): "Anvendelse og prioritering af erhvervsfremmeordninger", Aalborg 23

CURRICULUM VITAE Poul Rind Christensen Personal Information: Business Address: University of Southern Denmark Institute of Organisational Studies and Entrepreneurship Engstien 1, DK 6000 Kolding DENMARK Business Telephone: +45 65 50 13 67 Business Fax: +45 65 50 14 48 E-mail: prc@sam.sdu.dk Private address: Heimdalsvej 7 DK 6000 Kolding DENMARK Private Telephone: +45 75 53 98 88 Date of Birth: 30 June, 1946 Nationality: Danish Foreign Languages: English (fluent), German (intermediate) Current Positions: Education: Professor of Business Economics Head of Centre for Small Business Studies 1974: Pg.d., Institute of Social Studies, Den Haag, The Netherlands 1972: Cand. merc. (M. Sc./BusinessEconomics) Aarhus Business School Research activities: Research interests have been developed around the following three theoretical themes: Theories on regional business formation and industrial dynamics Interorganisational theories and studies on small business Theories on the internationalisation of SMEs and small business clusters Research interests are focused on understanding the dynamic interactions that take place in the industrial structure in a regional context as well as from an international perspective. One of the central concerns of the research has been to illuminate the disintegration and integration tendencies in the regional industrial structure that occurs as a consequence of the process of internationalisation. Another central 24

concern has taken its starting point in the smaller enterprises, looking at how they build and manage collaborative ventures at a local as well as at an international level. Recent studies have centred on small and medium-sized sub-contractors operating within the regional cluster but strongly influenced by their global production network(s). Employment: 1993 Professor of Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark 1986-1993 Associate Professor in Regional and International Business Studies, Århus Business School 1983-1986 Associate Professor in Regional Economics, Århus University 1983-1988 External Lecturer, Aalborg University 1982-1983 Head of Applied Research Project on Regional Labour Markets and Industrial Dynamics Arbejdsmarkedsnævnet for Århus Amtskommune 1982-1983 Research fellow attached to a research project on industrial location and local conditions of production. Ministry of Environment, Planstyrelsen. 1974-1982 Associate Professor in Regional Development Analyses. Aalborg University Centre. 1972-1974 Postgraduate research student at the Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands 1972-1974 Kandidatstipendiat at the Århus Business School. Teaching 1995- Lecturer at the European Doctoral Programme in Entrepreneurship and Small Business. 1995- Development of a study.placement scheme in the HA study, where students are studying in small enterprises 1991-1993 Member of the Faculty Planning Committee concerning the European Summer School in Advanced Management. HHÅ. 1991- Supervisor to a number of Ph.d. students. 1974- Course development and teaching at BA and Masters level in, for example, Regional Development; Location Theory; Multinational Business Management; Strategic Management; 25

Internationalisation theories and Small Business Management Current Memberships of Boards and Committees: 1999- Member of the Committee on High Technology, Entrepreneurship and Innovation Environments - under the jurisdiction of the Minister for Industry 1999- Member of the Board of Directors of the Department of Organisational Studies and Entrepreneurship, University of Southern Denmark 1995- Member of Kolding Industrial Council 1995- Board member of the European Council for Small Business Research 1995-1998 Editor in Chief of the ECSB-Newsletter 1998-2000 Member of the Organising Committee of the Xth & XIth Nordic Research Conference on Small Business 1998- Member of the Scientific Board of the IRF (Industriens Realkredit Fond) 1996- Danish member of the Scientific Board: Scandinavian Workshop on Inter-Organisational Research Publications (selected): & & & The Pen and the Needle: Technological development and interpartner diversity in international subcontracting. Asian Case Research Journal. Accepted for publication, 1999 Co-author: P. H. Andersen, Aarhus Business School Interpartner Diversity in Global Subcontractor Relationships: Lessons from Novo Nordisk. Accepted for publication in European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. Forthcoming September, 1999 Co-author: P. H. Andersen, Aarhus Business School Evolutionary Perspectives on the Formation of Small Business Clusters - the Case of a Stainless Steel District in Denmark. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development - an International Journal. Accepted for publication, in review,1999 Co-author: K. Philipsen, University of Southern Denmark Innovations & Innnovation Support for SMEs - The Triangle Region of Denmark. SMEPOL Report no. 2. Funded by the European Community (DGXII) under the 26

Targeted Socio-Economic Resaerch Programme. Danish Country Report from the programme: SME Policy and the Regional Dimension of Innovation, Southern Denmark University, Kolding, 1999 Co-authors: K. Philipsen and A. Cornett, University of Southern Denmark & & & Challenges and Pathways for Small and Medium-Sized Subcontractors in an era of World Wide Restructuring of Supply Chains. Accepted for publication in: Vatne, E. & Tyler, M. (eds.)"smes in a Changing World". The International Geographical Union, Commission on the Organisation of Industrial Space. Ashgape, 1999 Internationalization in Loosely Coupled Business Systems - The Danish Case. In: "Path, Practices and Constitutive Forces in the Danish Business System." Eds.: P. Karnøe, P. Hull Kristensen and P. H. Andersen Copenhagen Business School, 1999 Co-author: P. H. Andersen, Aarhus Business School. Danske underleverandører på fremtidens globale, virtuelle industrielle markeder. Virksomhedens internationale aktiviteter. Børsens Forlag. September, 1998 Co-author: P. H. Andersen, Aarhus Business School. & & & & Underleverandørernes veje til de internationale markeder Virksomhedens internationale aktiviteter, Børsens Forlag. October, 1998 Co-author: P.H.Andersen, Aarhus Business School. Den globale udfordring - Danske underleverandørers internationalisering. Erhvervsfremme Styrelsen, Notatserion, Ministry of Industry, Copenhagen. December, 1998 Co-author: P.H.Andersen, Aarhus Business School. Entrepreneurship as organizing Contribution to the Xth Nordic Conference on Research in Small Business, Växjö, June, 1998. Co-author: K. Philipsen, SDU Globalisation of Economic Activities and Small and Mediumsized Enterprises (SME) Development. Country Report - Denmark OECD Country and Summary report. Paris, 1997 OECD-responsible co-ordinator and co-author to the Danish country study. How Entrepreneurial is the Research in Small Business and Entrepreneurship in Denmark? Co-auther L. Axelsson, CESFO In: European Research in Entrepreneurship and Small business. (ed.) H. Landström, Halmstad University. Routledge, 1997 27

& Generic Routes to Subcontractors Internationalization. In: The Nature of the International Firm. Björkman, I. & Forsgren, M. (ed.) Copenhagen Business School Press, 1996. Co-author P.H.Andersen, Aarhus Business School & Interorganizational Dynamics of Transnational Supply Systems - Concepts, Analyical Frame and Key Issues Reseach Note. DRUID - Theme B. 1996 & The Role of Export in New Enterprise Formation - An Entrepreneurial Perspective RENT X i Bruxelles, November, 1996 Co-author: Leif Jakobsen, Cowi Consult & Interactive Strategies in Supply Chains. A Double Edged Portfolio Approach to SME Subcontractors Positioning. Co-author: Per Blenker, Aarhus University Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, No. 2, 1995 & Småföretagens Internationalisering - en Nordisk Jämförande Studie. Co-author with Lindmark, L.; Vatne, E., Eskelinen, H., forsström, B., Sørensen, O.J. Co-ordinating Editor: Lindmark, L. NordREFO, 1994:7. Copenhagen, 1994 28

Curriculum Vitae & Publications - Bent Dalum, September 1999 Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University Fibigerstraede 4, 9220 Aalborg Oest, Denmark phone/univ. 45-98158522 fax/univ. 45-98153505 phone/private 45-98167665 E-mail bd@business.auc.dk *1948: Born. *1967-71: Biochemistry studies at Copenhagen University. *1972: Secretary for the The Interim Education Council in charge of design and start the curriculum at the Science Faculty, Roskilde University (start 1 September 1972). *1973-75: Member of The Interim Council in charge of design and start of Aalborg University (start 1 September 1974). *1979: MA in economics, Aalborg University. *1979: Assistent and then (from 1983) associate professor in economics, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Research fields: (1) Technology, structural competitiveness & international trade, (2) National systems of innovation & industrial policy and (3) Regional innovation systems & industrial economics. Research group: Member of the IKE Group on the Economics of Industrial, Technological and Institutional Change. IKE is part of the Danish Research Unit in Industrial Dynamics, DRUID sponsored by the Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Business and Industry. Represents the IKE Group in coordinating PhD seminars/courses in the Economics of Technological and Institutional Change PhD Programme (the ETIC PhD Programme). The core organisers of ETIC are: Bureau d'economie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg; Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), University of Maastricht; Science and Technology Policy Research (SPRU), University of Sussex and the IKE Group, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Present projects: *Competitiveness and Systems of Innovation: Path Dependency in International Specialisation Patterns with Gert Villumsen, IKE and Keld Laursen, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy (IVS), Copenhagen Business School. Part of ongoing research at DRUID. *The Radiocommunications Cluster in Northern Jutland with Gert Villumsen, IKE. Analysis of the most important features determining the viability of a small knowledgeintensive regional innovation system. *Innovation-Related Knowledge Flows in European Industry with Gert Villumsen, IKE and Mette Praest, IKE. Part of an EU Targeted Socio-Economic Research project (TSER) coordinated by Yannis Caloghirou, Laboratory of Industrial and Energy Economics, National Technical University of Athens. Ends January 2001. 29

*Sectoral Systems in Europe: Innovation, Competitiveness and Growth (ESSY) with Gert Villumsen, IKE. Part of an EU Targeted Socio-Economic Research project (TSER) coordinated by Franco Malerba, Centre for Research in Industrial and International Economics (CESPRI), Bocconi University, Milan. Ends January 2002. Publications/papers in English: Dalum, B., Laursen, K. and Verspagen, B. (1999) "Does Specialization Matter for Growth?" Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol. 8, No. 2. Begg, I., Dalum, B. Guerrieri, P. and Pianta, M. (1999): The Impact of Specialization in Europe, in Fagerberg, J., Guerrieri, P. and Verspagen, B. (eds.) The Economic Challenge for Europe: Adapting to Innovation-Based Growth. Cheltenham & Northhampton: Edward Elgar. Forthcoming. Dalum, B., Freeman, C., Simonetti, R., Tunzelmann, N. v. and Verspagen, B. (1999) Europe and the Information and Communication Technologies Revolution, in Fagerberg, J., Guerrieri, P. and Verspagen, B. (eds.) The Economic Challenge for Europe: Adapting to Innovation-Based Growth. Cheltenham & Northhampton: Edward Elgar. Forthcoming. Dalum, B., Holmen, M., Jacobsson, S., Praest, M., Rickne A. and Villumsen, G.(1999) Changing the Regional System of Europe, in Fagerberg, J., Guerrieri, P. and Verspagen, B. (eds.) The Economic Challenge for Europe: Adapting to Innovation-Based Growth. Cheltenham & Northhampton: Edward Elgar. Forthcoming. Dalum, B., Laursen, K. and Villumsen, G. (1998) "Structural Change in OECD Export Specialisation Patterns: De-specialisation and 'Stickiness'. International Review of Applied Economics, Vol. 13, No. 3. Dalum. B. (1998) Localised Learning: University-Industry Links in the Case of the Radiocommunications Cluster in North Jutland, Denmark. Mimeo. Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Dalum, B., Laursen, K. and Villumsen, G. (1997) Is there such a Thing as a Good Export Specialisation Pattern?: A European Perspective. Mimeo. Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Dalum, B., Laursen, K. and Villumsen, G. (1996) "The Long Term Development of OECD Export Specialisation Patterns: De-specialisation and 'Stickiness'". DRUID Working Paper No. 96-14 [ISBN 87-7873-014-7]. Electronically available from the DRUID WWW homepage. Dalum, B. and Villumsen, G. (1996) "Are OECD Export Specialisation Patterns 'Sticky': Relations to the Convergence-Divergence Debate?" DRUID Working Paper No. 96-3 [ISSN 1396-2035]. Electronically available from the DRUID WWW homepage. Dalum, B. (1996) "Growth and International Specialisation: Are National Patterns still Important?" Mimeo, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 30

Dalum, B. (1995) "Local and Global Linkages: The Radiocommunications Cluster in Northern Denmark", Journal of Industry Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2. [ISSN 1320-6095]. Dalum, B. (1994) "National Systems of Innovation and Technology Policy - The Case of Denmark" in Aichholzer, G. and Schienstock, G. (eds.) Technology Policy - Towards an Integration of Social and Ecological Concerns. Berlin: de Gruyter. [ISBN 3-11-013677-5]. Villumsen, G. and Dalum, B. (1994) "Trade Growth and Specialisation". Paper delivered to the DSTI/OECD. Mimeo, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Dalum, B. (1993) North Jutland - A 'Technology District' in Radio Communications Technology? Brussels: EC/Monitor-FAST. FAST Dossier: Continental Europe - Science, Technology and Community Cohesion, Vol. 26. [Internal Paper - MOFA CT-91-0034. XII-377-93]. Dalum, B.; Johnson, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å. (1992) "Public Policy in the Learning Society" in Lundvall, B.-Å. (ed.) National Systems of Innovation - Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter Publishers [ISBN 1-85567-063-1]. Dalum, B. (1992) "Export Specialisation, Structural Competitiveness and National Systems of Innovation" in Lundvall, B.-Å. (ed.) National Systems of Innovation - Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter Publishers [ISBN 1-85567-063-1]. Dalum, B.; Madsen, E.S.; Nielsen, J.U.-M. and Sørensen, N.K. (1991b) "Intra-Industry Trade in Denmark and Ireland. A Comparison". Memo 1991-19. Institute of Economics, Århus University [ISSN 0902-6223]. Dalum, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å (1990) "Interfirm Cooperation in Small National Systems of Innovation" in O'Doherty, D. (ed.) The Cooperation Phenomenon - Prospects for Small Firms and the Small Economies. London: Graham & Trotman [ISBN 1-85333-396-4]. Dalum, B.; Jørgensen, U. and Fagerberg, J. (1989) "The Nordic Electronic Industries Facing the World Markets". A report for the Norwegian Technology History Project. Mimeo, Department of Production, Aalborg University. Dalum, B.; Jørgensen, U. and Fagerberg, J. (1988) "Small Open Economies in the World Market for Electronics: The Case of the Nordic Countries" in Freeman, C. and Lundvall, B.-Å. eds. Small Countries Facing the Technological Revolution. London: Pinter Publishers [ISBN 0-86187-978-3]. Andersen, E.S.; Dalum, B. and Villumsen, G. (1981b) "The Importance of the Home Market for the Technological Development and the Export Specialization of Manufacturing Industry", in Freeman, C. (ed.) Technological Innovation and National Economic Performance. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press [ISBN 87-7307-124-2]. Andersen, E.S.; Dalum, B. and Villumsen, G. (1981a) International Specialization and the Home Market. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press [ISBN 87-7307-150-1]. Publications/papers in Danish/Scandinavian: 31

Dalum, B. (1999) Erhvervsstruktur og erhvervspolitik. Kapitel 10 i Andersen, T. et al. Beskrivende Økonomi, 6. udg. København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag. Dalum, B. og Smith, V. (1999) Fremstillingsvirksomhed. Kapitel 12 i Andersen, T. et al. Beskrivende Økonomi, 6. udg. København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag. Valentin, F.; Andersen, P.; Dalum, B.; Pedersen T. and Villumsen, G. (1995) Stragegiseke virksomhedsrelationer (Strategic Interfirm Relations). København: Erhvervsministeriet [ISBN 87-601-4882-9]. Bilag 5 til Velfærdskommissionens rapport. Dalum, B. and Villumsen, G. (1994b) National erhvervsudvikling og konkurrenceevne (National Industrial Development and Competitiveness). København: Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen [ISBN 87-90147-03-0]. Dalum, B. (1994) "Radiokommunikationsområdet i Nordjylland" (The Radiocommunications Cluster in North Jutland). Bilag A i Erhvervsudvikling i Nordjylland - Rapport fra Industriministeriets udvalg vedrørende Nordjylland. København: Industriministeriet [ISBN 87-601-4104-2]. Dalum, B. (1993) "Internationell specialisering och nationella innovationssystem" (International Specialisation and National Systems of Innovation) in Holzhausen, J. och Glimstedt, H. (red.) Industripolitik och utvecklingskraft i Västsverige. Göteborg: Arbetsliv och Forskning [ISBN 91-630-1906-X]. Dalum, B.; Madsen, E.S.; Nielsen, J.U.-M. and Sørensen, N.K. (1991a) "Den intraindustrielle handel for Danmark og Irland - en sammenligning". (Intra-Industry Trade in Denmark and Ireland. A Comparison). Nationaløkonomisk Institut, Handelshøjskolen i Århus, Skriftserie K, nr. 15 [ISSN 0901-8603]. Dalum, B. and Valentin, F. (1991) "Lokomotiver skal trække hjemlige vogne med" (Locomotives are Needed to pull the Domestic Carriages), Finans og Samfund, Nr. 4 [ISSN 0905-9415]. Dalum, B.; Møller, K.; Jørgensen, U. and Valentin, F. (1991c) "Globale virksomheder versus national erhvervsudvikling" (Global Companies versus National Industrial Development), Økonomi & Politik, 1991:3 [ISSN 030-1906]. Dalum, B.; Møller, K.; Jørgensen, U. and Valentin, F. (1991b) "Porter og den erhvervspolitiske debat" (Porter and the Debate on Industrial Policy in Denmark), Samfundsøkonomen, 1991:7. København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag [ISSN 0108-3937]. Dalum, B.; Møller, K.; Jørgensen, U. and Valentin, F. (1991a) Internationalisering og erhvervsudvikling - Et debatoplæg om fremtidig dansk erhvervspolitik (Internationalisation and Industrial Development - Introduction to a Debate on the Future Danish Industrial Policy). København: Industri- og Handelsstyrelsen, Notatserie Nr. 3 [ISBN 87-88777-49-9]. 32

Dalum, B. (1990) "Effekterne af EF's indre marked - belyst ved eksemplet mobil radiokommunikation" (The Effects of the Europe '92 - The Case of Mobile Communications), Nordisk Tidsskrift för Politisk Ekonomi, Nr. 25-26 [ISSN 0345-8555]. Dalum, B. and Jørgensen, U. (1988) "Elektronikindustrien" (The Electronics Industry" in Møller, K. and Pade, H. Industriel Succes. København: Samfundslitteratur. (The Danish input to M. Porter's The Competive advantage of Nations, 1990) [ISBN 87-593-0147-3]. Dalum, B. and Fagerberg, J. (1986) "De nordiske lande og strukturændringerne på OECD markedet" (The Nordic Countries and Structural Change of OECD Markets) in Persson, K. (red.) Utmaning för Norden. Stockholm: Nordens Fackliga Samorganisation [ISBN 91-7810-574-9]. Dalum, B. (1986) "Strukturproblemer i dansk eksport 1973-83" (Structural Problems in danish Exports 1973-83). Arbejdsnotat nr. 13, Specialarbejderforbundets vækstkommission. København. Andersen, E.S.; Dalum, B. and Nielsen, E.C. (1983) "Danmark og nordisk integration" (Denmark and Nordic Integration) in Heie, H. (red.) Er EFs fremtid også Danmarks? - II Dokumentation. København [ISBN 87-87586-06-1]. Christensen, C.F.; Dalum, B.; Haugaard, H.C. and Juell-Sundby, B. (1982) Virksomhed og omverden - I afsætningsøkonomisk belysning (Firms and their Social Environment - A Marketing Perspective). København: Civiløkonomernes Forlag [ISBN 87-87787-18-0]. Dalum, B; Gregersen, M; Schmidt, J. and Villumsen, G. (1981) Økonomiers langsigtede udvikling - en struktur- og teknologisiskussion (Long Term Economic development - a Discussion of Structural Implications of Technology). Aalborg: Aalborg University Press [ISBN 87-7307-149-8]. Dalum, B; Gregersen, M; Schmidt, J. and Villumsen, G. (1978) "Nogle ændringer i Danmarks placering i den internationale arbejdsdeling med særlig henblik på maskinsektoren" (Changes in The Danish Position within the International Division of Labour - The Case of Engineering). Department of Produktion, Aalborg University. Skriftserie A Nr. 2. 33

CURRICULUM VITAE Dieter Ernst Dept. of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School and The Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy (BRIE), University of California at Berkeley e-mail: de.ivs @cbs.dk PERSONAL DATA Date of birth: 15/11/1942 Nationality: German Married; one child. Foreign languages: English; French; Greek (basic); Spanish (very basic); Japanese (entry level) POSITION Research Professor of International Management, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy (IVS), Copenhagen Business School, Denmark, and Senior Research Fellow, The Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, University of California at Berkeley, USA. ADDRESS Office Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy (IVS) Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6.floor DK-1366 Copenhagen K Denmark phone: 45-38152948 fax: 45-3815-2540 e-mail: de.ivs @cbs.dk Home Valhalvej 35 DK-4000 Roskilde tel.45-46364811 EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Dr.rer.pol. (PhD in economics): Universitaet Bremen, October 1982 Thesis topic: The Global Race in Microelectronics - Innovation and Corporate Strategies. M.A. (diploma) in economics and business administration): Freie Universitaet Berlin, December 1971 Diploma Thesis Topic: Import Substituting Industrialization in Latin America - A theoretical Interpretation and Empirical Evidence. OTHER STUDIES 34

Alumnus, Harvard University Salzburg International Seminar The Challenge of Globalization, February & March 1985 Internship as journalist (international politics): Fraenkischer Tag, Bamberg: Sept, 1963 - December 1964 Studies at Hebrew University/Jerusalem (Sociology)and intern in Kibbuz: August 1962 - August 1963 Abitur (high school leaving examination qualifying for university): July 1962 Degree in church music (organ and composition): Music Academy, Bamberg (Degree: Sept. 1960) SUMMARY OF RELEVANT WORK EXPERIENCE Current position Research Professor of International Management, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy (IVS), Copenhagen Business School, Denmark, and Senior Research Fellow, The Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, University of California at Berkeley, USA. Responsibilities: Research on Global Production Networks and Local Capability Clusters ( for Danish Research Council SSF) Advisor to the Danish Research Unit on Industrial Dynamics (DRUID) Co-principal (together with Prof. Ha-Joon Chang, Faculty of Economics, Cambridge University), international research project Industrial Policy Alternatives in the Globalising Economy Member of Advisory Board ( together with Prof. John Dunning, Prof. Sanjaya Lall, and Prof. Jan Fagerberg), international research project The North versus the South in a Globalising Economy: Leveraging the Role of Multinationals in Promoting Development PhD student advisor Course on International Business Strategy Previous positions 1992-1996: Research director, The Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy (BRIE), University of California at Berkeley. Responsibilities: Management of BRIE's research on Foreign Direct Investment and International Production Networks, with a focus on developmental implications in Asia. Graduate and MBA courses on International Management in High-Tech Industries, Haas School of Business Administration, University of California at Berkeley 1988-1992: Senior Advisor, OECD Development Centre, Paris. 35

Responsibilities: Management of various joint international research projects on developmental impacts of FDI in developing countries. 1987-1988: Senior Research Fellow, OECD Development Centre, Paris 1984-1987: Senior Research Fellow and project director, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, Netherlands. Management of international research project (with counterparts in India, East Asia, Mexico and Brazil) on the globalization of information industries and impact on developing countries 1981-1983: Advisor, UNIDO ( Technology Division & Regional Studies Division) Vienna, Austria. Focus on FDI-related global industrial restructuring and impact on developing countries. 1977-1981: Senior Researcher, Institut fuer International Angelegenheiten (Institute for International Studies), Universitaet Hamburg. Research on FDI and transfer of technology. 1972-1977: Research fellow, Forschungsstelle der Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler (VDW) (= Research Institute of the German Federation of Scientists), Hamburg (Director: Prof. Carl Friedrich von Weizsaecker). Member of Pugwash Working Group on a Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology; Member of UNCTAD Working Group on a Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology. 1976-1977: Lecturer, department of economics, Freie Universitaet Berlin (graduate courses on international economics and development economics). 1972-1974: Lecturer, business administration, Fachhochschule fuer Wirtschaft (=Business School), Berlin (Undergraduate courses on international management). Since 1972, numerous consulting engagements for various UN agencies (including UNCTAD s Transfer of Technology Division), the World Bank, national governments and private companies on policy issues and firm strategies related to the FDI, TNC strategies and industrialization. January 1965 - Sept. 1967: Journalist, reporting (for German media) in developing countries (Middle East, Asia, and Latin America) 36

Curriculum Vitae Name: Kirsten Marian Foss Born: 1960 Office: Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6th floor 1366 Copenhagen K Denmark. Phone: + 45 3815 56 Fax: + 45 3815 2540 E-mail: eskimp@cbs.dk Current and Past Positions: Current: Assistant Professor at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School (since 1996). Past: 1995-1996 Research Assistant at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School. 1994-1995 Assistant research professor at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School. 1993-1994 Research Assistant at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School; financed by the Danish Research Council. December 1993 until February 1994 Research Assistant at Alborg University on a MAPP research project. 1991-1993 Research Assistant at Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School ; financed by MAPP (A research program on market based product and process development, headed by Professor Klaus G. Grunert, Aarhus Business School. Educational Background: 1996 Recived my Ph.D. degree from Copenhagen Business School 1991 Recived a M.sc. Copenhagen Business School 37

1987 Recived a B.sc. Roskilde University. 1984 Recived a B.sc. Copenhagen University. Teaching Interests and Experience: Industrial economics; Transaction cost theory; Economics of innovation Industrial Economics (HA-jur.) Law and Economics (HA-jur) Technology strategy ( CM-MOT) Line coordinator for the MOT program Research Interests and Ongoing Research Projects: Industrial economics; Transaction cost theory; Economics of innovation Participation in Reseach Programmes and Networks 1998- Member of Reseach in Strategy, Process and Economic Organization (RESPECT) 1995- Member of Danish Reseach Unit of Industrial Dynamics (DRUID) (a program funded by The Danish Social Science Reseach Council (1995-2000) 1991-1995 Member of the MAPP research program (Market Based Product and Process Development 1998- Member of International Society of New Institutional Econmics 1998- Member of European Association of Evolutionary Political Economy Other: Referee for Journal of Industrial Economics I have presented papers at several Druid comferences and MAP Conferences as well at the EMAc Conference on Marketing and Product Innovation (May 1993) and in ATOM (Analyse Théorique des Organisations et des Marcés) at University de Paris I, Pantheon- Sorbonne. (May 1998). 38

Publications: Articles in Refereed Journals *Kirsten Foss: "Transaction Costs and Technological Development". Research Policy 25, 1996: 531-547 *Kirsten Foss and Nicolai J. Foss: Organizing Economic Experiments: The role of Firms. Accepted for publication in Review of Austrian Economics (måsek i løbet af år 2000) Books Kirsten Foss. Aspects of the Economics of Technological Paths. Ph.d.-dissertation, Samfundslitteratur, 1996 Essays in Books *Kirsten Foss. Modular Product Desing: Creating Technologically Seperable Interfaces. In Ron Sanchez:... Elsevier, 2000. *Kirsten Foss and Nicolai J. Foss. The Knowledge-Based Perspective: a View from Organizational Economics. In: Nicolai J Foss and Volker Mahnke, eds. New Perspectives in Economic Strategy Research. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. *Kirsten Foss Economic Organization and the Accumulation of Rent-Earning Assets In Nicolai J. Foss and Paul L. Robertson,eds): Resources, Technology and Strategy (forthcoming). London: Routledge, 1999. *Kirsten Foss and Nicolai J. Foss. The Market Process, Thee Firm, and Property Rights. In: Jackie Krafft, ed. The Process of Competition. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1999. (Also published in a French version on Economia, Paris). *Kirsten Foss and Hanne Harmsen: "Studies of Key factors of Product Development Success: A Resource-based Critique and Reinterpretation. In Nicolai J. Foss and Christian Knudsen (eds.) (1996) : Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm. London: Routledge. Articles under review *Kirsten Foss and Nicolai J. Foss: The Knowledge-Based Approach and Organizational Economics: How Much Do They Really Differ? And How Does It Matter?. Submitted to Academy of Management Review (under second review). 39

*Kirsten Foss and Nicolai J. Foss: Understanding Ownership:Residual Rights of Control and Appropriable Control Rights Submitted to International Journal of the Economics of Business *Kirsten Foss. Product Development and Standards; Examples from the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Submitted to Revue d Economie Industrielle. *Kirsten Foss. Organizing Technologcal Interdependencies: A Coordination Perspective on the Firm. Submitted to Industrial and Corporate Change Working papers and other publications Kirsten Foss and Nicolai Foss: Margins, Entrepreneurship, and Contract Theory Prepared for the conference Austrian Economics and the Theory of the Firm Copenhagen, August 16-17, 1999. Technological Interdependencies, Specialization and Coordinaton: A Property Rights Perspective on The Nature of the Firm. DRUID Working Paper No. 89-10;. 1998; Copenhagen Business School The Knowledge-Based Approach: An Organizational Ecnomics perspective. Working Paper No. 98-5, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, 1998; Copenhagen Busniess School. A transaction cost perspective on the influence of standards on product development: Examples from the fruit and vegetable market. DRUID Working Paper No. 96-9; 1996; Copenhagen Business School J.F. Christensen, P.T.Christensen, Kirsten Foss and P. Lotz: Technologisk Service: Tendenser og Udfordringer. 1996; Erhversfremmestyrelsen, København. Kirsten Plichta: "MAGTAG-SYSTEMET: og den markedsorinterede Kvalitetskontrol: Muligheder indenfor den danske oksekødssektor. October. 1995. MAPP project paper. Kirsten Plichta and E. S. Andersen: "The MAGTAG-SYSTEM and Market-Oriented Quality Control: Possibilities in the Danish Ox-Meat Sector". October 1995. MAPP project paper, Kirsten Plichta: "Technological Development in the Fruit and Vegetable Industry: A property Rights Perspective". February 1994; MAPP Working Paper no. 23. Kirsten Plichta, Lone Rossen og Pernille Skovboe: "Den danske frugt- og grøntindustri - Struktur, Teknologi, Forskningsbehov". December 1994. MAPP Working Paper no. 25. Kirsten Plichta: "Transaktionsomkostninger og incitamentforenelighed: en vurdering af en transaktionsomkostningsteknologis anvendelsespotentialer". June 1994. Working Paper 94-10, HHK, Institut for Erhvers- og Samfundsforskning, 40

Kirsten Plichta: "Transaktionsomkostninger og teknologisk udvikling i frugt- og grøntbrancen". January 1994. Working Paper 94-1, Copenhagen Business School, Institut for Erhvers- og Samfundsforskning, Kirsten Plichta: "Technological opportunities and path of development". October 1993; MAPP Working Paper no. 10. Kvistgaard, M., O. Rasmussen og Kirsten Plichta: "Den Danske Brødindustri - Struktur, Teknologi, Forskningsbehov". October 1993; MAPP Working Paper no. 11. 41

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Curriculum Vitae Nicolai J Foss Office Home Department of Industrial Economics Frydenlund Park 1 and Strategy 2950 Vedbæk Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19,6 1366 Copenhagen K Phone +45 3815 2535 Fax +45 3815 2540 E-mail esnjf@cbs.dk http://www.cbs.dk/departments/ivs/staff/njf.htm Born: October 12, 1964 Current and Past Positions Professor, CBS (January 1, 1998) Associate Professor, CBS (October 1, 1996 Assistant Professor, CBS (April 1, 1993) Educational Background Ph.D. June 11, 1993. Research fellow, Copenhagen Business School, Faculty of Economics, October 1989. Ph.D.-student at the same place (until January, 1993). Research fellow, University of Copenhagen, Department of Economics, February 1989. M.sc. (Economics) (Cand. Polit.), University of Copenhagen, Department of Economics, January 1989 Honors The Statoil Prize 1997 for outstanding research in management studies. Copenhagen Business School Prize for Excellence in Teaching 1996 The Tietgen Prize 1993 (for Ph.d. dissertation) The Frederik Zeuthen Prize 1989 (for best economics masters thesis of the year). Editorial Boards, Guest Editorships, etc. Member of the editorial board, Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics. Member of the editorial board, Review of Austrian Economics. Member of the editorial board, Nordiske Organisasjonsstudier. Member of the editorial board, International Studies of Management and Organization. Guest editor, Special Issue on Business Systems, International Studies of Management and Organization. 43

Research Area Coordinator for Firms and Production Processes (with Neil Kay) for European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy. Member of the academic council of Association des Historiens de la Tradition Economique Autrichienne. Research Interests 1. The Theory of the Firm (and new institutional economics more generally); 2. Firm Strategy (including the resource-based theory of the firm and strategy); and 3. Market Process Economics (including Austrian and evolutionary economics, with an emphasis on the role of firms in these theories). Re. 1. The theory of the firm. In a number of publications, I have treated the theory of the firm in its substantial, doctrinal and methodological dimensions. A key theme in my research within this field has been to describe what are the differences between the contemporary contractual theory of the firm and more evolutionary or capabilities oriented theories, and to discuss whether a distinct theory of the firm can be based on a capabilities foundation. My work here has had a substantial impact and has been widely read and cited. Re 2. Strategy. My research in firm strategy began as a rather natural outgrowth of my interest in theories of the firm. In fact, to the extent that I have written about strategy issues, this has largely, if not exclusively, been with a theory of the firm orientation. For example, my work on Porter s various contributions to the strategy field ( Strategy, Economics and Michael Porter, Journal of Management Studies 1996) made the point that the evolution of Porter s thinking has been constrained by the continuous absence of an adequate theory of the firm in his theorizing. Relatedly, I have applied ideas from the resource-based theory of the firm to higher-level entities such as industries, networks and industrial districts. The basic argument here has been that firms may derive competitive advantage from being able to tap into higher-level capabilities that reside on the level of industries, networks and industrial districts rather than on the level of the individual firm, and that the ability of these higher-level capabilities to contribute to firms competitive advantage may be evaluated by means of standard resource-based reasoning. Re. 3. Market Process Economics. This is my probably oldest research interest, going back to my master s thesis on the economics of Friedrich Hayek. In 1994 I published a book entitled The Austrian School and Modern Economics: Essays in Reassessment (Copenhagen Business School Press/Munksgaard). A key idea in this book was that modern theories of the firm in many ways harmonize with key ideas in Austrian economics, and that Austrian economics may progress by drawing on the theory of the firm (a point also made in several of my articles. I have also prepared entries in the new Danish Encyclopedia on Austrian economists. My work on evolutionary economics also belongs to this research theme and has had both a methodological aspect and a more substantive aspect. Participation in Research Programmes and Networks Research in Strategy, Process and Economic Organization (RESPECT) 44

The Research Group on Recent Theories of the Firm. Funded by Copenhagen Business School (1987-1991). Evolutionary Economics and Management Studies. A program funded by Copenhagen Business School (1991-1994). Danish Research Unit of Industrial Dynamics (DRUID). A program funded by The Danish Social Science Research Council (1995-2000). Strategic Management Society European Association for Research in Industrial Economics International Society for New Institutional Economics European Association of Evolutionary Political Economy Society of Austrian Economics Occasional reviewer for Administrative Science Quarterly The Economic Journal Organization Science Management Science Industrial and Corporate Change Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization Managerial and Decision Economics Journal of Evolutionary Economics The Cambridge Journal of Economics Journal of Economic Studies The Review of Political Economy The Review of International Political Economy The Journal of Management Studies Journal of Management and Governance Review of Austrian Economics Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics Scandinavian Journal of Management International Studies of Management and Organization Cultural Dynamics Oxford University Press Elsevier Routledge Edward Elgar Michigan University Press. SAGE Handelshøjskolens Forlag Samfundslitteratur Consultant to Control Data, The Danish Ministry of Industry, KonkurrenceStyrelsen, Dansk Industri, Patentdirektoratet. 45

Teaching Interests and Experience I have taught the following courses: Advanced Austrian Economics, University of Copenhagen (1990); Law and Economics/Contractual Economics, Copenhagen Business School, 1991- ; The Philosophy of Science, CBS 1991-1994; Economics and Strategy, CBS, 1993- ; Liberalismens Traditioner 1993 (Folkeuniversitet); Theories of the Firm, CBS, 1994; EU Competition Law and Industrial Economics, Cand. Merc.Jur, 1994-; tutor on more than 100 projects (including Master s Theses), both on the Economics and Business Law line, and other lines (such as the Management of Technology and International Business lines); has organized the mandatory Ph.d. course in Recent Research Traditions in Business Economics, since 1996. In addition to teaching, I have also founded/designed a number of courses at Copenhagen Business School Philosophy of Science, HA-Jur., 3.year, 1991-1993 ; Industrial Economics, HA-Jur, 2. year, 1994-; Industrial Economics with Strategy, HA-Jur, 3. year, 1994, since 1995, Economics and Strategy; Law and Economics/Contractual Economics, HA-Jur, 3. year, 1991-; Economics and Strategy, Cand.Merc., International Business Line, 1992-94; Theories of the Firm, Cand. Merc., International Business Line, 1994; EU Competition Law and Industrial Economics, Cand. Merc.Jur, 1994- (established in cooperation with Professor Jens Fejø). Other activities and interests Research groups: In April 1998, I founded formed the research group Research in Strategy, Process, and Economic Organization (RESPECT). RESPECT runs regular seminars and plans a book within the groups field of specialization. The group is funded by the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics. Check out RESPECT at http://www.cbs.dk/departments/respect/ Current editorial activities: With Associate Professor Paul Robertson, University of New South Wales, I am editing a volume on Resources, Technology, and Strategy. Among the contributors are Ron Sanchez, Richard Langlois, Stan Metcalfe, Erkko Auttio, Jens Frøslev Christensen, and others. The book will be published by Routledge in 1999. With Volker Mahnke I am editing Capabilities, Governance and Entrepreneurship for Oxford University Press. The book contains contributions from Jay Barney, Oliver Williamson, Sidney Winter, Giovanni Dosi, and others. It will be published in the year 2000. I am guest-editing an issue of International Studies of Management and Organization to guest edit an issue on Business Systems: Economic and Sociological Perspectives, to be published in 1999. Among the contributors are Richard Whitley, Mark Casson, Steen Thomsen and Bengt-Åke Lundvall. Ph.d.-supervision. I am currently supervising four Ph.d.-students, all doing their theses in the intersection between strategy and economic organization. Study committees, etc. I am a member of the study committees/boards for the Ph.d. study and the Commercial Law and Business Economics study. I am also a member of the Department Board at IVS. 46

Publications A. Articles in Refereed Journals The Use of Knowledge in Firms, fortcoming in Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics. Organizing Economic Experiments: the Role of Firms, (with Kirsten Foss) forthcoming in Review of Austrian Economics. Capabilities, Confusion, and the Costs of Coordination:On Some Problems in Recent Research On Inter-Firm Relations, forthcoming in Revue d Economie Industrielle. Edith Penrose, Economics, and Strategic Management, forthcoming in Perspectives in Political Economy. Austrian Economics and Game Theory: A Preliminary Methodological Stocktaking, forthcoming in Review of Austrian Economics. Pandoras æske, sorte æsker og den økonomiske virksomhedsteori, forthcoming in Nordiske Organisationsstudier. Research in the Strategic Theory of the Firm: Integrationism and Isolationism, forthcoming in Journal of Management Studies (September 1999). The Challenge of Business Systems and the Challenge to Business Systems, International Studies of Management and Organization 29: 9-24 (1999). Perspectives on Business Systems, International Studies of Management and Organization 29: 3-8 (1999). A Process Perspective on Corporate Coherence (with Jens Frøslev Christensen), forthcoming in Managerial and Decision Economics (1999). Capabilities and Governance: the Rebirth of Production in the Theory of Economic Organization (with Richard N. Langlois). KYKLOS 52: 201-218 (1999). Accounting for the Strengths of MNC Subsidiaries: The Case of Foreign-Owned Firms in Denmark (with Torben Pedersen and Mats Forsgren), International Business Review 8: 181-196. (1999). Edith Penrose and the Penrosians - Or, Why There is Still so Much to Learn From The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, forthcoming in Cahiers de l ISMEA - Série Oeconomia (1999) Networks, Capabilities, and Competitive Advantage, Scandinavian Journal of Management 155: 1-15 (1999). The New Growth Theory: Some Intellectual Growth Accounting, Journal of Economic Methodology 5: 223-246 (1998). The Competence-Based Approach: Veblenian Ideas in the Modern Theory of the Firm, Cambridge Journal of Economics 22: 479-496 (1998) The Resource-Based Perspective: An Assessment and Diagnosis of Problems, Scandinavian Journal of Management 14: 133-149 (1998) Promoting Synergies in Multiproduct Firms (with Mikael Iversen), Finnish Journal of Business 2: 135-158 (1998). Evolutionary and Contractual Theories of the Firm: How do They Relate?, Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali 29: 63-91 (1997) Austrian Insights and the Theory of the Firm, Advances in Austrian Economics 4: 175-198 (1997). On the Rationales of Corporate Headquarters, Industrial and Corporate Change 6: 313-339 (1997) 47

The Classical Theory of Production and the Capabilities View of the Firm, Journal of Economic Studies 24: 307-323 (1997). Ethics, Discovery, and Strategy. Journal of Business Ethics 16: 1131-1142 (1997). Economics, Institutions, and Ludwig von Mises. Cultural Dynamics 9: 77-96 (1997). Harold Malmgren's Analysis of the Firm: Lessons for Modern Theorists?. Review of Political Economy 8: 349-366. (1996). Capabilities and the Theory of the Firm, Revue d Economie Industrielle 77: 7-28 (1996). More Critical Comments on Knowledge-Based Theories of the firm. Organization Science 7: 519-523 (1996). Knowledge-Based Approaches to the Theory of the Firm: Some Critical Comments. Organization Science 7: 470-476 (1996). Higher-Order Industrial Capabilities and Competitive Advantage: Some Analytical Suggestions. Journal of Industry Studies 3: 1-20. (1996). Opportunism, Organizational Economics, and the Network Approach (with Carsten A. Koch). Scandinavian Journal of Management 12: 189-205 (1996). Firms, Incomplete Contracts, and Organizational Learning. Human Systems Management 15: 17-26 (1996). The Alternative Theories of Knight and Coase, and the Modern Theory of the Firm. Journal of the History of Economic Thought, vol. 18, no.1, pp. 76-95 (1996). Strategy, Economics, and Michael Porter. Journal of Management Studies 33: 1-24 (1996). Post-Marshallian and Austrian Economics: Towards a Fruitful Liasion? Advances in Austrian Economics 3: 213-221 (1996). Spontaneous Social Order: Economics and Schützian Sociology. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 55: 73-86 (1996). The Coordination of Investments in a Market Economy: Comments on a Revitalized Marxian Theme. Studies in Political Economy 49 149-161(Spring, 1996) Types of Price Theory. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali 53: 253-276 (1995). More on Hayek's Transformation. History of Political Economy 27 (2): 345-364 (1995) Information and the Market Economy: A Note on a Common Marxist Fallacy. Review of Austrian Economics 8: 127-134 (1995). The Economic Thought of an Austrian Marshallian: George Barclay Richardson. Journal of Economic Studies 22: 23-44 (1995). Cooperation is Competition: George Richardson on Coordination and Interfirm Arrangements. British Review of Economic Issues 16: 25-49 (1994). The Biological Analogy and the Theory of the Firm. Journal of Economic Issues 18: 1115-1136 (1994). (Reprinted in Geoff Hodgson, ed. The Foundations of Evolutionary Economics, Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1998). Why Transaction Cost Economics Needs Evolutionary Economics. Revue d'economie Industrielle No. 68: 7-26 (1994). Realism and Evolutionary Economics. Journal of Social and Biological Systems 17 (1) (1994): 21-40. The Two Coasian Traditions. Review of Political Economy 6: 35-61 (1994). The Theory of the Firm: The Austrians as Precursors and Critics of Contemporary Theory. Review of Austrian Economics 7 (1): 31-65 (1994). 48

Notes on the Socialist Calculation Debate. Rivista internazionale di Scienze sociali 51: 147-168 (1993). More on Knight and the Theory of the Firm. Managerial and Decision Economics 14: 269-276. (1993). Theories of the Firm: Contractual and Competence Perspectives (1993). Journal of Evolutionary Economics 3 (2): 127-144 (1993). The Suppression of Evolutionary Approaches in Economics: The Case of Marshall and Monopolistic Competition. Methodus 3: 65-72. (December 1991). (Reprinted in Geoff Hodgson (ed.) (1995) : Economics and Biology. Aldershot: Edward Elgar). B. Books Governance, Competence, and Entrepreneurship (edited with Volker Mahnke), Oxford: Oxford University Press (forthcoming 2000). The Theory of the Firm: Critical Perspectives in Economic Organization. 2 vols. London: Routledge. Forthcoming (1999). Resources, Technology, and Strategy: Extending the Resource-Based Approach to the Firm (edited with Paul L Robertson), London: Routledge. Forthcoming (1999). Capabilities and Coordination: Essays in Honour of G.B. Richardson (edited with Brian J. Loasby). London: Routledge (1998) Resources, Firms and Strategy: A Reader in the Resource-Based Perspective, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm (edited with Christian Knudsen). London: Routledge (1996). The Austrian School and Modern Economics: Essays in Reassessment. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press/Munksgaard, 1994. Dynamisk kompetenceudvikling (with Bo Eriksen), Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press (1997). Indledning til rets- og kontraktsøkonomi (with Agnete Raaschou-Nielsen). Copenhagen: GADJura, 1997. Teori for Praksis I: Afsætning og Samarbejde (edited with Laurids Hedaa). Forthcoming Copenhagen Business School Press, 1997. Teori for Praksis II: Strategi og Organisation (edited with Laurids Hedaa). Forthcoming Copenhagen Business School Press, 1997. Strategisk Outsourcing. Copenhagen: Control Data, 1994. Den Økonomiske Organisering af Teknologiske Ændringer. København: Samfundslitteratur, 1993. Etik, marked og stat (edited with Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard). Copenhagen: Handelshøjskolens Forlag, 1992. C. Essays in Books The Theory of the Firm: an Introduction to Themes and Contributions. I Nicolai J. Foss, ed. The Theory of the Firm: Critical Perspectives in Economic Organization. London: Routledge (1999). 49

The Theory of the Firm (with Henrik Lando and Steen Thomsen), forthcoming in Boudewijn Bouckaert and Gerrit de Geest, eds. The Handbook of Law and Economics. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1999. Equilibrium and Evolution: The Conflicting Legacies of Demsetz and Penrose, in Nicolai J Foss and Paul L. Robertson, eds. Resources, Technology, and Strategy. London: Routledge (1999). Market Process Economics and the Theory of the Firm, forthcoming in Ron Sanchez, ed. 1999. Beyond the Boundaries of the Firm. Elsevier, 1999 The Market Process and the Firm: Toward a Dynamic Property Rights Perspective (with Kirsten Foss), forthcoming in Jackie Krafft, ed. The Process of Competition, Aldershot: Edward Elgar and Paris: Economia, 1999. French version Le processus de marché et la firm: vers une perspective en termes de propriété dynamiques, in Jackie Krafft, ed. 1999. Le Processus de Concurrence, Paris: Economia. Strategy Research and the Market Process Perspective, (with Volker Mahnke), forthcoming in forthcoming in Jackie Krafft, ed. The Process of Competition, Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1999. French version La rechercre en strategie et la perspective de processus de marché, in Jackie Krafft, ed. 1999. Le Processus de Concurrence. Paris: Economia. The Biological Analogy and the Theory of the Firm, in Geoff Hodgson, ed. The Foundations of Evolutionary Economics, Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1998 (Originally printed in Journal of Economic Issues 18: 1115-1136 (1994)). Incomplete Contracts and Economic Organization: Brian Loasby and the Theory of the Firm, forthcoming in Sheila Dow and Peter Earl, eds.: Economic Knowledge and Economic Coordination: Essays in Honour of Brian J Loasby. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1999. The Boundary School. In Tom Elfring and Henk Volberda, eds., New Directions in Strategy. London: Sage, 1999. Evolutionary Theories of The Firm: Reconstruction and Relation to Contractual Theories, forthcoming in Kurt Dopfer, ed., Evolutionary Principles of Economics, Boston: Kluwer, 1999. Real Options and the Theory of the Firm. Forthcoming in Ron Sanchez, ed.: Options Theory in Strategy Management, London: Sage, 1999. Austrian and Post-Marshallian Economics: The Bridging Work of George Richardson. In N.J. Foss & B.J. Loasby (eds.) : Capabilities and Coordination: Essays in Honour of G.B. Richardson. Forthcoming, London: Routledge, 1998. Introduction: Capabilities and Coordination (with Brian Loasby). In N.J. Foss & B.J. Loasby (eds.) : Capabilities and Coordination: Essays in Honour of G.B. Richardson. London: Routledge, 1998. Resources and Strategy: An Overview of Themes and Contributions. In Nicolai J. Foss (ed.) : Resources, Firms and Strategy: A Reader in the Resource-Based Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Resources and Strategy: Problems and Ways Ahead. In Nicolai J. Foss (ed.) : Resources, Firms and Strategy: A Reader in the Resource-Based Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Dynamic Corporate Coherence and Competence-Based Competition: Theoretical Foundations and Strategic Implications (with Jens Frøslev Christensen). In Aimé Heene & Ron Sanchez (eds.) (1997) : Competence-Based Strategic Management. Oxford: Elsevier. 50

Dynamisk kompetenceudvikling gennem realoptioner: de internationale aktiviteters betydning (with Bo Eriksen), in Niels Mengel, red. Virksomhedens Internationale Aktiviteter, Copenhagen: Børsen. Evolutionary Economics and the Theory of the Firm: Assessments and Proposals for Research. In Jan Reijnders (ed.) (1997) : Economics and Evolution. Aldershot: Edward Elgar. On Austrian Institutionalism. In Willem Keizer (ed.) (1997) : Austrians in Debate. London: Routledge. Industry Capabilities and Competitive Advantage (with Bo Eriksen). In C.A. Montgomery: Evolutionary and Resource-Based Approaches to Strategy. Boston: Kluwer, 1995. Towards a Synthesis of Evolutionary and Resource-Based Approaches to Strategy (with Christian Knudsen and Cynthia Montgomery). In C.A. Montgomery: Evolutionary and Resource-Based Approaches to Strategy. Boston: Kluwer, 1995 The Suppression of Evolutionary Approaches in Economics: The Case of Marshall and Monopolistic Competition. In Geoff Hodgson (ed.) (1995) : Economics and Biology. Aldershot: Edward Elgar. (Originally printed in Methodus 3: 65-72 (1991)). To Økonomiske Strategiteorier: Om Porter og Ressourceperspektivets Relationer og Praktiske Implikationer. In N.J. Foss & L. Hedaa: Teori for Praksis. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press, 1997. Styring af Strategiske Optioner: Et Redskab til Dynamisk Kompetenceudvikling (with Bo Eriksen). In N.J. Foss & L. Hedaa: Teori for Praksis. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press, 1997. The Emerging Competence Perspective. In N.J. Foss & C. Knudsen: Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm. London: Routledge, 1996. Whither the Competence Perspective?. In N.J. Foss & C. Knudsen. London: Routledge, 1996. Økonomisk Teori og JØK-studiet. In Jeppe Starup, Børge Dahl, Lennart Lynge- Andersen (eds.) (1994) : Hvad Kan Erhvervsjurist?. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Keynes og Hayek. In Jesper Jespersen (ed.) (1994) : Keynes' Visioner. Roskilde: Forlaget Samfundsøkonomi og Planlægning. Etik, Marked, og Stat: Nogle Indledende Bemærkninger (with P. Kurrild-Klitgaard). In N.J. Foss & P. Kurrild-Klitgaard (1992) : Etik, Marked og Stat. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Friedrich Hayek. In N.J. Foss & P. Kurrild-Klitgaard (1992) : Etik, Marked og Stat. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Subjektivisme, Hermeneutik og Institutioner - et Neo-Østrigsk Perspektiv. In C. Knudsen (ed.) (1989) : Institutionalismen i Samfundsvidenskaberne. Copenhagen: Samfundslitteratur. C. Articles in Non-Refereed Journals, Danish Journals, Conference Proceedings, etc. Østrigsk makro- og konjunkturteori, Samfundsøkonomen (forthcoming) Contributions to Danmarks Nationalleksikon (The Danish National Encyclopedia) ( Friedrich von Hayek, Israel Kirzner, Ludwig M. Lachmann, Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises ). 51

Komplementariteter: Nøglen til virksomhedens kernekompetence (with Bo Eriksen), Ledelse i Dag 1998 Virksomhedens Viden og Virksomhedens Grænse: Rockwool A/S som Case (with Torben Pedersen). Ledelse og Erhvervsøkonomi 60: 39-58 (1996). Kvalitetsvurdering af Erhvervsregulering: En Arbejdsgrupperapport (with Børge Dahl, Thomas Riis og Henrik Lando). Copenhagen: Ministry of Industry. 1996. De Politisk-Filosofiske Forskelle Mellem Keynes og Hayek: Et Historisk Perspektiv. Samfundsøkonomen 1994 (October): 43-47. Strategi og Økonomi. Civiløkonomen 1994 (May): 14-16. Outsourcing. Civiløkonomen 1994 (April): 32-33. Liberalisme og Økonomisk Teori. Økonomi og Politik 67: 13-24 (1994). Strategisk Outsourcing: Debat og Teori. Fremtidsorientering 5: 53-58 (1993). Det Evolutionære Perspektiv og Erhvervsøkonomien. Civiløkonomen (September 1993): 14-16. Friedrich Hayek (1899-1992) og George Shackle (1903-1992). Samfundsøkonomen 1992 (7): 40-43. Nobelprisen i Økonomi 1991: Ronald Coase. Samfundsøkonomen 1992:3: 21-25. Hvorfor Findes Der Virksomheder? (with Christian Knudsen). Civiløkonomen 1992 (januar): 26-28. Dynamisk Markedsteorier og Neo-Institutionalisme. Økonomi og Politik 64 (4): 35-45. (1991). Socialisme og Økonomisk Teori: Østrigerne Revurderet. Økonomi og Politik 63 (4): 41-51. (1990) Stat, Marked og Østeuropa (with Otto Brøns-Petersen). Samfundsøkonomen 5: 19-24. (1990) D. Reviews Christian Knudsen : Økonomisk Metodologi. Økonomi og Politik 64 (3) (1991). Johannes Michelsen : Pengene eller Livet. Økonomi og Politik 64 (4) (1991). Maj Dang Trong & Jette Thorbjørn Jensen : Prissættelse af Miljøet - er det prisen værd?. Økonomi og Politik 65 (1) (1992). Hector Estrup : Nogle Grundtræk af den Økonomiske Teoris Udvikling. Økonomi og Politik 65 (2) (1992). Jens Frøslev Christensen : Produktinnovation - Proces og Strategi. Økonomi og Politik 65 (3) (1992). Bengt-Åke Lundvall : National Systems of Innovation. Økonomi og Politik 66 (1) (1993). Karen I. Vaughn: Austrian Economics In America: The Migration of a Tradition. Constitutional Political Economy 6 (1) (1995). Jesper Strandskov: Internationalisering af virksomheder. In Økonomi og Politik 68 (3) (1995). Tom Elfring, Hans Siggaard Jensen, Arthur Money: European Research Paradigms in Business Studies. Økonomi og Politik 68 (3) (1995). John Groenewegen, ed., Transaction Cost Economics and Beyond, Journal of Evolutionary Economics 6 (4) (1996). Tom Elfring, Hans Siggaard Jensen, Arthur Money: Theory Building in the Business Sciences. Økonomi og Politik 69 (4) (1996). 52

Stan Metcalfe: Evolutionary Economics and Creative Destruction, European Journal of the History of Economic Thought 5: 558-561 (1998). Alfred D. Chandler, Franco Amatori, and Takashi Hikino, eds. Big Business and the Wealth of Nations, forthcoming in Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics. E. Manuscripts under Review for Journals or Publishers Understanding Leadership: a Coordination Theory, Organization Science. The Knowledge-Based Approach and Organizational Economics: How Do They Differ? And How Does It Matter? (with Kirsten Foss), Academy of Management Review. Firms and the Organization of Knowledge: an Austrian View (with Frederic Sautet), Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. G. Work in Progress The Property Rights Foundations of Organizational and Strategic Phenomena (with Kirsten Foss). H. Selected Presentations Realism and Evolutionary Economics, Universität Freiburg, Department of Economics, December 1993. The Evolution of Michael Porter s Thinking, Department of Management, University of Aarhus, June 1994. Networks, Capabilities, and Competitive Advantage at Nordic Workshop for Research in Inter-Firm Relations, Aalborg, August 1994. Austrian and Post-Marshallian Economics: The Bridging Work of George B Richardson, at a colloquium in honor of George Richardson, Oxford University, St. John s College, January, 1995. Evolutionary Economics and the Theory of the Firm at Conference on Economics and Evolution, Utrecht, November 8, 1995. Corporate Coherence on Third International Workshop on Competence-Based Competition, Ghent, November 1995. The Evolutionary Theory of the Firm: Reconstruction and Relations to the Contractual Approach, Max Planck Institut zur Ervorschung von Wirtschaftssystement, Jena, May 1996. Towards a Strategic Theory of the Firm, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus Universiteit, April 24, 1997. 3 Lectures for Ph.d. students at Universität St. Gallen, Switzerland, Ultimo May 1997. Incomplete Contracts and Economic Organization, Brian Loasby Conference, University of Stirling August 26-28, 1997. The Strategic Theory of the Firm: Where Are We? Where are We Likely to Go?, BI, Oslo, November 24, 1997 The Knowledge-based Approach: Some Organizational Economics Foundations, conference on Competence, Governance, and Entrepreneurship, Bornholm, June 9-11, 1998. 53

Firms and the Coordination of Knowledge: Some Austrian Insights, conference on New Perspectives in Austrian Economics, Jena, August 7-8. The Ressource-based Perspective: Problems and Promises, Norges Handelshøyskole, Bergen, October 15, 1998. The Firm, Property Rights, and the Market Process, EAEPE conference, Lisbon, November 9-13, 1998. Understanding Leadership: A Coordination Theory, HEC, Paris. In addition: Numerous presentations at the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy and in the context of the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics. 54

Lars Gelsing University of Aalborg Departement for Businessstudies Fibigerstraede 4 9220 Aalborg Oest Denmark Tlf: +98-158522-2934/2900 Fax: +98-153505 CURRICULUM VITAE: Education: Position: Lecturer of: Research fields: External services: Master in Macro Economics (Aalborg University, 1983), Ph.D in Social Sciences (Aalborg University, 1990). Associate Professor (Economics of Technological Development and Management of Innovation.) Economics of Tehcnological Development, Industrial Economics, Innovation Theory and History of Innovation, Business Economics, Management of Innovation. Industrial Networks, Localization of Industry, Innovation Theory and Cooperative Behaviour in Industry. Consultancy for: The County of North Jutland on the design of business development programmes, The Danish Ministry of Industry,department of industry and trade and department of tourism on evaluation of business network programmes., European Commision on evaluation of how danish small and medium sized enterprises benefit from programmes financed by EEC structural fonds. Member of steering committees/boards on: "Nordjyllands informatik- og virksomhedsudvikling" Project "Co-operation in electronics industry in North Jutland", financed by The County of North Jutland. "Projektværstedet" an initiative to reactivate long time unemployed academics in North Jutland. VC in "Nordjyllands Informatik og virksomhedsudvikling" a consultancy company. 55

Publications: 1990-1995: Gelsing, Lars:"Innovative Industrielle netværk - samlet redegørelse for et licentiatprojekt om industriens udviklingssamarbejde og netværksorganisering",("innovation in Industrial Networks", Ph.D Thesis, english summary), Juni 1990. Gelsing, Lars And Peter Knop."Status of The Network Programme -The results from a Questionaire survey", unpubl. manus, Aalborg, October 1991. Gelsing, Lars og Peter Knop:"Plan for evaluering af Turismenetværksordningen",- (Evaluationplan for Network Program in The Danish Tourisme Sector, danish only), Rapport udarbejdet for styregruppen vedrørende Turismenetværksordningen, Januar 1992. Gelsing, Lars:"Innovation and the Development of Industrial Networks" i Bengt Åke Lundvall (ed.):"national Systems of Innovation", Francis Pinter, London, 1992. Gelsing, Lars og Anne Mette Hjalager:"Evaluation of the Utilisation of Community Structural Funds by SMEs - Report on Denmark". Prepared for the Commision of the European Communitees, DG XXII, may 1992. Gelsing, Lars:"Evaluating Programmes promoting Networks - Meashures of Succes and Evaluation Methods", Paper presented at The Aspen Institute, Aspen, Colorado, 1-3 july 1992. Gelsing, Lars:"Rapport fra evaluering af Program for fødevareudvikling i Nordjylland",(- "Evaluation of Program for Productdevelopment i North Jutland Food Processing Industry, danish only) udarbejdet for Nordjyllands Amt, November 1992. Gelsing, Lars og Peter Knop:"Midtvejsevaluering af Turismenetværksordningen",(Mid-term Evaluation of the Danish Network Program in The Tourisme Sector, danish only) Rapport udarbejdet for styregruppen vedrørende Turismenetværksordningen, Januar 1993. Gelsing, Lars:"Cooperation and Competitiveness in Manufacturing Networks", in Procedings from the international conference on "Cooperation and Competitiveness", Lisbon 6-8 October, 1993, Gelsing, Lars:"Evaluating Network Programs - more than a yardstick is needed" in "Firm Connections", vol. 3 no. 1 Jan/febr. 1995. Lars Gelsing and Nielsen, Kent (1996): 'Promoting Inter-Firm Networks in Industrial Policy - Danish evidence', Paper presentet at the EMOT-Workshop in Modena, Italy september. Gelsing, Lars:?Hvad skal Nordjylland leve af?? og?danske virksomheders erfaringer med netværkssamarbejde? (Economic Perspectives for North Jutland - and? Experiences with Networking in Danish Companies; both danish only) in?analyse af den Nordjyske Erhvervsstruktur? (Structural Analysis of the Business System in North Jutland), August 1996. Gelsing, Lars, Hans Jørgen Brodersen, Per Christensen and Kent Nielsen:?Evaluering af programmet Industriel udnyttelse af miljøteknologi? (Evaluation a Business Development 56

Program for Industrial utilization of Danish Environmental Equipment, Danish only), October 1996. Gelsing, Lars.?The USNet Evaluation? a Danish Perspective?, in Firm Connections, nowember/december 1997. 57

Curriculum Vitae for Allan Næs Gjerding International Business Economics Allan Næs Gjerding, Ph.D. Associate Professor Aalborg University Fibigerstræde 2, Room 96 9220 Aalborg Ö Phone: +45 9635 8080 (University Operator) Phone: +45 9635 8395 (Direct line) Fax: +45 9815 6950 E-mail: Gjerding@i4.auc.dk Area of interest: Ongoing activities: Participant in Management of technical and organisational innovation Organization theory Quality management Economics and industrial policy Internationalisation of firms The NEP project at the International Business Economics unit at Aalborg University. The NEP project is a three-year project (1997-99) focussing on the export profile and experiences of the Danish North Jutland region. The DISKO project at the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics (DRUID). The DISKO project is a three-year project (1996-98) analysing the Danish national system of innovation from a comparative perspective. The project on Flexible Organizations in the Nordic Countries, a one-year comparative study (1998) of the organisation and performance of flexible firms in the Nordic countries, organised by the Department for Structural Analyses at the Swedish research institute NUTEK, Stockholm. Co-editor of the book project on The Social Construction of International Business Economics (working title, 1998-99) at the International Business Economics unit at Aalborg University. Member (1996-2001) of the Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics, DRUID. Member (1997-2000) of the Council of the Faculty of Social Science at Aalborg University. 58

Coordinator (1999-2000) at the International Business Economics Study. Professional background: 1983: B.Sc. in Business Administration 1987: M.Sc. in Economics 1996: Ph.D. in Economics 1987: Head Clerk, Department of Education, Hadsund Municipality 1987-93: Research fellow, Department of Business Studies 1990: Research consultant, DGXIII 1993- External consultant, Lisberg Management 1993-95: Lecturer, Department of Business Studies 1993-95: Head clerck and Project manager, North Jutland Traffic Company 1996-99: Assistant professor, Department of Development and Planning 1999- Associate Professor, Department of Development and Planning Publications: Gjerding, A.N. (1998): Teknologisk og organisatorisk innovation i nordjyske virksomheder, NEP Publikationer No. 6. Aalborg: Centre for International Studies, Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1998): Technical collaboration as social construction. Some observations on tacit knowledge and shared meanings, Working Paper Series No. Aalborg: Centre for International Studies, Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1998), Innovation economics. Part II: The "new" innovation economics, Working Paper Series No. 27, Aalborg: Centre for International Studies, Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1998), International Competitiveness by "Orgfensive" Means, Working Paper Series No. 26, Aalborg: Centre for International Studies, Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1997), Innovation Economics. Part I: An introduction to its birth and international context, International Business Economics, Working Paper Series No. 25, Aalborg: Centre for International Studies, Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1997), Udviklingen i nordjyske virksomheders konkurrenceevne (The development of competitiveness in the North Jutland private business sector), NEP Publikationer No. 3, Aalborg: Center for Internationale Studier, Aalborg Universitet. 59

Gjerding, A.N., ed. (1997), Den fleksible virksomhed. Omstillingspres og fornyelse i dansk erhvervsliv. (The flexible firm. Pressures for renewal and innovation in the Danish Business sector). København: Erhvervsudviklingsrådet. Lund, R. & Gjerding, A.N. (1996), The flexible company. Innovation, work organisation and human resource management, DRUID Working Papers No. 96-17, Aalborg: Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1996), Organisational innovation in the Danish private business sector, DRUID Working Papers No. 96-16, Aalborg: Aalborg University. Gjerding, A.N. (1996) Technical innovation and organisational change. The innovation design dilemma revisited, Thy: Aalborg University Press. Jørgensen, P.E., Pedersen, L.P., Gjerding, A.N., Høgsbro, F., Rind, B. & Hansen, H.S. (1996), Beskrivelse af et kvalitetssystem for et amtsligt trafikselskab (A system for quality management in the regional public transportation company), København: Fokus. Gjerding, A. N. & Lauridsen, B. (1995), "Konflikten mellem menneske og styring" (The conflict between the human and control management), Samfundsøkonomen, No. 1, pp. 31-37. Christiansen, L., Fink, H., Gjerding, A. N. & Mortensen, N. (1994), E-Bus 95 - en udviklingsplan for det jyske ekspresbussystem (E-Bus 95 - a development scheme for the Jutland express bus system), Aalborg: Nordjyllands Trafikselskab. Gjerding, A. N. (1994), "Quality Management in Public Transportation by Bus - changing competitive interfaces", pp. 477-88 in Lahrmann, H. & Pedersen, L. H. (eds.), Trafikdage på AUC (Transportation Conference at Aalborg University), Vol. 2, Aalborg: Transportrådet & Trafikgruppen, AUC. Gjerding, A. N. (1994), "Denmark", pp. 71-108 in Barker, B. (ed.), Quality Promotion in Europe, Cambridge: Gower. Madsen, P.T., Gjerding, A.N., Johnson, B. & Kallehauge, L. (1993), "Produktivitetens mange determinanter - svar på en kritik" (The Multitude of productivity determinants - a reply), Samfundsøkonomen, no. 5, pp.29-35. Gjerding, A. N. & Lundvall, B. Å. (1992), "Teknisk fornyelse og konkurrenceevne - udfordringer for bestyrelsen" (Technical innovation and competitiveness - challenges to the board), pp. 165-180 in Parum, E. & Jensen, F. S. (eds.), Inspiration til aktivt bestyrelsesarbejde - konkrete erfaringer fra dansk erhvervsliv (Inspiration for active management at the board - practical Danish industrial experiences), Greve: Børsen Bøger. Gjerding, A. N. & Madsen, P. T. (1992), "I brudfladen mellem menneske og teknik" (The human-machine interface), pp. 71-84 in Kohl, B & Melander, P. (eds.), Ledelse og informationsteknologi - 90'ernes udfordring (Management and information technology - challenge of the 90s), Charlottenlund: Juristog Økonomforbundets Forlag. Gjerding, A. N. (1992), "Work Organisation and the Innovation Design Dilemma", pp. 95-115 in Lundvall, B. Å.(ed.), National Systems of Innovation. Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, London: Pinter Publishers. 60

Gjerding, A. N. (1992), "Midt i et organisatorisk vadested" (Midstream management), Ledelse idag, Forår(Spring), pp. 16-22. Gjerding, A. N. (1991), "Produktivitet og konkurrenceevne i SMEC" (The modelling of productivity and competitiveness in SMEC), Samfundsøkonomen, No. 5, pp. 25-30. Gjerding, A. N. (1991), "Produktivitetsparadokset og den nye teknologi" (The productvity paradox in a high technology setting), Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 54-66. Gjerding, A. N., Johnson, B., Kallehauge, L., Lundvall, B. Å. & Madsen, P. T. (1990a), Jagten på den forsvundne produktivitet (The quest for the lost productivity), Charlottenlund: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag. Gjerding, A. N., Johnson, B., Kallehauge, L., Lundvall, B. Å. & Madsen, P. T. (1990), Den forsvundne produktivitet, Charlottenlund: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag. English edition: The Productivity Mystery, Charlottenlund: DJØF Publishing, 1992. Gjerding, A. N. & Kallehauge, L. E. (1990), "Produktivitetsudvikling i ADAM og SMEC" (The modelling of productivity in ADAM and SMEC), pp. 53-90 in Gjerding et al. (1990a) Gjerding, A. N. & Lundvall, B. Å. (1990), "Teknisk fornyelse og produktivitetsudvikling i danske virksomheder 1984-89" (Technical innovation and productivity in the Danish industry 1984-89), pp. 403-514 in Gjerding et al. (1990a). Gjerding, A. N, (1990). "Danske virksomheders anvendelse af ny teknologi" (Implementing high technology in Danish firms), pp. 373-402 in Gjerding et al. (1990a). Gjerding, A. N., Johnson, B., Kallehauge, L., Lundvall, B. Å. & Madsen, P. T. (1988), Produktivitet og international konkurrenceevne (Productivity and international competitivness). Århus: Aalborg Universitetsforlag. 61

Curriculum Vitae for Birgitte Gregersen Associate Professor Birgitte Gregersen Work address: Department of Business Studies Aalborg University Fibigerstræde 4, DK-9220 Aalborg Ø Phone: +45 9635 8260 Fax: +45 9815 6013 Email: bg@business.auc.dk Home address: Nygårdsparken 7, DK-9260 Gistrup Phone/Private: +45 9832 3838 Main Data Born 1956, April 2. 1980: MA in economics (cand. oecon.), Aalborg University. From September 1980 to January 1984: Research fellow on the MIKE-project on Microelectronics, competitiveness and employment, financed by The Danish Technology Council. From January 1984 to October 1984: Research fellow, project on Danish unemployment structure, financed by the Danish Social Science Research Council. From October 1984 to April 1989: Assistant professor, Institute of Production (now Department of Business Studies), Aalborg University. From April 1989-: Associate professor, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Administration, etc. Member of the study board on Economics, Aalborg University, 1990-1996. Chairman of the study board on economics, Aalborg University, 1990-1993. Local staff representative (TR) of DJØF (Danmarks Jurist og Økonomforbund), 1993-1994. Vice Dean of the Social Science Faculty, Aalborg University, February 1994-February 1998. Member of Aalborg University Centre Management for DUCED-IUA (Danish University Consortium for Environment and Development - Industry and Urban Areas), 1997-. Member of the Administrative Board and the Teaching Committee for The European Inter-University Association on Society, Science and Technology (ESST), from September 1998. Also local Coordinator for ESST, Aalborg University since 1998. Member of the study board on Economics, Aalborg University, 1999 - (Former and present Member of various other representative local University Committees). 62

Publications Bjerg, C., Gregersen, B., Olesen, N. M., Thøgersen, J. (1980), Teknologisk udvikling og beskæftgelse [Technological Development and Employment], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 9, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1981), Mikroelektronikken, beskæftigelsen og betalingsbalancen [Micro-electronics, Competitiveness and Employment], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 15, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1981), The Impact of Microelectronics in a Small Open Economy - A Discussion of Different Approaches in IKE-seminar: Technology and Employment - The Impact of Microelectronics, Contributions by C. Freeman and the MIKE-project, Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 20, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1982), Mikroelektronik og Samfundsøkonomi [Microelectronics and Economics], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 21, Aalborg. Gregersen, B. & Olesen, N.M. (1982), Mikroelektronik og dansk økonomi [Microelectronics and the Danish Economy], Paper for a seminar on Technology and economy, DtH, 15-16 februar 1982. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1982), Elektronikindustri - et globalt kredsløb [The Electronic Industry - a Global Circuit] i Buch-Hansen, E. (red.), Global Arbejdsdeling, Industriudvikling i u-landene, Mellemfolkeligt Samvirke. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Thøgersen, J., Aaen, I (1982), Mikroelektronikken og beskæftigelse - beskæftigelsesmæssige virkninger i landbrug, byggeri, industri og service [Microelectronics and Employment - Effects in Agriculture, Construction, Manufacturing and Service], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 22, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Thøgersen, J., Aaen, I (1982), Mikroelektronikken og beskæftigelse - beskæftigelsesmæssige virkninger i landbrug, byggeri, industri og service. Bilagsmateriale [Microelectronics and Employment - Effects in Agriculture, Construction, Manufacturing and Service. Apendix], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 23, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Thøgersen, J., Aaen, I (1982), Mikroelektronik og økonomi [Microelectronics and Economics], Elektronik, nr. 9. Gregersen, B. (1983), Det miljøindustrielle kompleks - Teknologispredning og beskæftigelse [The Environmental Complex - Technology Diffusion and Employment], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 27, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Aaen, I (1984), Technical change and Employment in the Public Sector: The case of office automation in Danish local government, IKEsmåskrift nr. 55, Aalborg. Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1984), Besparelser eller beskæftigelse - en undersøgelse af danske kommuners anvendelse af EDB og ETB [Rationalization or Employment Growth - An Analysis of EDP- and ETP use in Danish LOcal Governments], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 29, Aalborg. 63

Brændgaard, A., Gregersen, B., Lundvall, B.-Å., Olesen, N.M., Aaen, I (1984), Strukturproblemer, teknologipolitik, sociale innovationer - et debatoplæg fra MIKEprojektet om mikroelektronik, betalingsbalance og beskæftigelse [Structural Problems, Technology Policy and Social Innovation - A Debate-paper from the MIKE-project on Microelectronics, Competitiveness and Employment], Serie om Industriel Udvikling, nr. 30, Aalborg. Gregersen, B. (1987), Employment Trends in the Danish Service Sector in Lund, R., Pedersen, P.J., Schmidt-Sørensen, J. B. (eds.), Studies in Unemployment, New Social Science Monographs, København. Gregersen, B. & Jørgensen, F. P. (1988), Miljøudstyrsindustrien [The Environmental Industry] in Møller, K. and Pade, H. (red.) Industriel Succes - konkurrencefaktorer i 9 danske brancher, Samfundslitteratur, Gylling. Gregersen, B. (1988), Public-Sector Participation in Innovation Systems, in Freeman, C. and Lundvall, B.-Å. (eds.), Small Countries Facing the Technological Revolution, Pinter Publishers, London. Gregersen, B. (1991), Teknologi i arbejdet [Technology in Work],Tiden, nr. 9. Gregersen, B. (1992), The Public Sector as a Pacer in National Systems of Innovation, in Lundvall, B.-Å. (ed.), National Systems of Innovation - Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Pinter Publishers, London. Andersen, K.V., Gregersen, B., Kraemer, K.L. (1993), Informationsteknologi i den offentlige sektor - erfaringer og udfordringer i USA og Danmark [IT in the Public Sector - experiences and challenges in US and Denmark], Samfundslitteratur. Gregersen, B., Johnson, B., Kristensen, A. (1994), Comparing National Systems of Innovation. The Case of Finland, Denmark and Sweden in Vuori, S. & Vuorinen, P, Explaining Technical Change in a Small Country - The Finnish National Innovation System, Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg. Gregersen, B., Johnson, B. and Kristensen, A. (1994), National Systems of innovation and European integration in Eunetic, Evolutionary Economics of Technical Change: Assessment of Results and New Frontiers, Conference vol.3, Strasbourg 1994, p. 1675-1704. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1995), The Institutional set-up of national system of innovation and economic integration, Paper presented at the EAEPE 1995 Conference Transforming Economies and Societies: Towards and Institutional Theory of Economic Change, Krakow, 19.-21. October, 1995. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1995), Relations between European Integration and the Institutional Set-up of the national Systems of Innovation, paper presented at the international work-shop on Cultural and Institutional Diversity and European Integration, Aalborg University, 22.-23. May 1995. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1995), Systems of Innovation and European Integration, paper presented at the International Symposium: Innovation Networks, East Meets West, Sydney, 30.31. August, 1995. Johnson, B. and Gregersen, B. (1995), System og Innovation and Economic Integration, Journal of Industry Studies, vol. 2, no 2. Johnson, B. and Gregersen, B. (1997), European Integration and National systems of Innovation, Report within the ISE (Innovation Systems and European Integration) 64

research project, funded by Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) under Fourth Framework Program, European Commission. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1997), How do innovations affect economic growth? - Some different approaches in economics, Report within the ISE (Innovation Systems and European Integration) research project, funded by Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) under Fourth Framework Program, European Commission. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1997), Learning Economies, Innovation Systems and European Integration, Regional Sudies, Vol 31 no 5. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1997), The Role and the Potential Diversity in the European Integration Process, Paper presented at the international conference on Technology Policy and Less Developed Research and Development Systems in Europe, arranged by by UNU-INTECH in Seville, 17-18 October, 1997. Johnson, B. and Gregersen, B. (1998): European Integration and National Systems of Innovation on Texier, F. (CD-ROM prod.), ISE- Innovation Systems and European Integration. ISE (Innovation Systems and European Integration) a research project fundet by the Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) program of the European Commission (DG XII) under the Fourth Framework Program, European Commission (Contract no. SOE1-CT95-1004, DGXII-SOLS), coordinated by Professor Charles Edquist, Linköping University, Linköping, 1998. 76 p. Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B. (1998): How do innovations affect economic growth? Some different approaches in Economics in Herlitz, L. (ed.), Mellem Økonomi og Historie, Aalborg Universitetsforlag, p. 83-109. (Forthcoming in Edquist, C. and McKelvey, M- (eds.): Systems of Innovation: Growth, Competitivesness and Employment, Edward Elgar Publishing). Gregersen, B. and Johnson, B.: National Systems of Innovation as a Framework for Innovation Policy in Bartzokas, Anthony (ed.), Technology Policy in Regional Bloks, UNU/INTECH, Maastrict (Forthcoming). Christensen, J.L., Gregersen, B. and Rogaczewska, A.P. (1999): Vidensinstitutioner og innovation, DISKO-rapport nr. 8, [Knowledge Institutions and Innovation], Erhvervs Udviklings Rådet, August 1999. 65

Curriculum vitae Björn Johnson 1) Personal data. Born: 27. february 1943. Swedish citizen. 2) Academic degrees. Fil.lic. in economics. Göteborgs Universitet, 1971. Pol.mag. Göteborgs Universitet, 1967. Fil.kand. Göteborgs Universitet 1967. 3) University posts. 1988- Reader in Economics (Docent) University of Aalborg. 1974-88 Associate professor. University of Aalborg. 1972-74 Associate professor. University of Gothenburg.. 1967-72 Different research and teaching positions at the University of Gothenburg. Publications etc. 1. Books (1) Nyliberalismen. Aktuelle Tendenser i den Økonomiske Politik under Krisen. (86 p.), Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 1980. (2) Nyreformismen. Aktuelle Tendenser i den Økonomiske Politik under Krisen. (102 p.), Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 1983. (3) Produktivitet og International Konkurrenceevne. (225 p) (with Allan Næs Gjerding, Lars Kallehauge, Bengt-Åke Lundvall and Poul Thøis Madsen). Aalborg Universitetsforlag, 1988. (4) Den forsvundne produktivitet. Industriel udvikling i firsernes Danmark. (143 p.), (with Allan Næs Gjerding, Lars Kallehauge, Bengt-Åke Lundvall and Poul Thøis Madsen). Jurist-og Økonomforbundets Forlag, 1990. (5) Jagten på den forsvundne produktivitet, bilagsrapport. (450 p.), (with Allan Næs Gjerding, Lars Kallehauge, Bengt-Åke Lundvall and Poul Thøis Madsen) Jurist-og Økonomforbundets Forlag, 1990. (6) Institutions and Economic Change. New Perspectives on Markets, Firms and Technology, Edited by Klaus Nielsen and Björn Johnson, Edward Elgar, 1998. 66

2. Articles in journals, books, etc. (6) Hvordan bestemmes målsætningerne i den økonomiske politik?, (13 p.), (with Helge Brink), Nationaløkonomisk Tidskrift, nr 3 1980. (7) Nyliberalismen inom den Ekonomiska Politiken, (12 p.), Zenit, nr 5, 1981. (8) Nyere tendenser i den økonomiske politik, (35 p.), Nordisk Tidskrift för Politisk Ekonomi, nr 11-12, 1981. (9) Marknaden som Patentlösning, (12 p), in Utmaning för Norden, Nordens Fackliga Samorganisation, Kalmar 1986. (10) Polarisering med Slagside: Om Nyliberalismens Relative Styrke i Forhold til Nyreformismen, (18 p.), in Velfærdsstatens Krise, Center for Velfærdsstudier, Aalborg, 1986. (11) Institutional Economics: What s that?, (5 p.), Acta Sociologica, (30), 1987. (12) An Institutional Approach to the Small Country Problem, (20 p.), in Freeman/Lundvall (eds), Small Countries Facing the Technological Revolution, Pinter Publishers, London and New York, 1988. (13) Neo-liberalism in Economic Policy, (10 p.), Ekonomia, nr 50, Warszawa, 1988. (14) Limits of the Pure Market Economy, (22 p.), (with Bengt Åke Lundvall), in Bohlin, m.fl. (eds), Samhällsvetenskap, ekonomi och historia. Festskrift till Lars Herlitz. Daidalos, Uddevalla, 1989. (15) Projekt 1992, eller the Empire Strikes Back, (15 p), Nordisk Tidskrift för Politisk Ekonomi, nr 25/26, 1990. (16) Flexibility and Institutional Learning, (21 p.), (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), in Bob Jessop m.fl. (eds), The Politics of Flexibility, Edward Elgar, 1991. (17) Produktivitetsparadokset i et evolutionært perspektiv, (7 p.), Samfundsøkonomen, nr 5, 1991. (18) Relationer mellem økonomisk vækst og miljø, (12 p.), in Vilkårene for landbrugets udviklingsmuligheder, Statens Jordbrugsøkonomiske Institut, Rapport nr. 61, 1991. (19) Closing the institutional gap?, (14 p.), (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), Revue D Economie Industrielle, no 59, 1992. (20) Institutional Learning, (25 p.), in Lundvall, Bengt Åke (ed) National Systems of Innovation- Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Pinter Publishers, 1992. (21) Public Policy in the Learning Society, (25 p.), (with Bent Dalum og Bengt-Åke Lundvall), in Lundvall, Bengt Åke (ed) National Systems of Innovation- Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, Pinter Publishers, 1992. 67

(22) Catching Up and Institutional Learning under Post Socialism, (18 p.), (with Bengt- Åke Lundvall), indgår i Hausner, J. et. al. (ed), Institutional Frameworks of Market Economies, Avebury, 1993. (23) Nationella Innovationssystem, in Holzhausen og Glimstedt (ed) Industripolitik och utvecklingskraft i Västsverige, Arbetsliv och Forskning i Göteborg, 1993. (24) Comparing National Systems of Innovation. The Case of Finland, Denmark and Sweden, in Vuori og Vuorinen (eds) Explaining Technical Change in a Small Country, Physica-Verlag, 1994. (25) Sistemas Nacionales de Innovacion y Aprendizaje Institutcional (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), Commercio Exterior, Vol. 44, Num. 8, 1994 (26) The Learning Economy (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), Journal of Industry Studies, vol. 1, no 2, 1994. (27) System og Innovation and Economic Integration, (with Birgitte Gregersen), Journal of Industry Studies, vol. 2, no 2, 1995. (28) Institutions and Organisations in Systems of Innovation (with Charles Edquist), in Edquist (ed), Systems of Innovation- Technologies, Institutions and Organisations, Pinter, 1997. (29) Systems of Innovation: Overview and Basic Concepts, in Edquist (ed), Systems of Innovation- Technologies, Institutions and Organisations, Pinter, 1997. (30) Learning Economies, Innovation Systems and European Integration (with Birgitte Gregersen), Regional Sudies, Vol 31 no 5, 1997. (31) Institutional Learning an Clean Growth in Tylecote, A. and van der Straaten, J. (eds.), Environment, Technology and Economic Growth, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 1998. (32) How do innovations affect economic growth? Some different approaches in economics (with Birgitte Gregersen), in Herlitz,L. (ed), Mellem Økonomi og Historie, Aalborg Universaitetsforlag, 1998. 3. Research-papers, working-papers og konference papers. (33) Institutional learning and national systems of innovation, (30 p.), (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), Paper presented at a conference on Strategies of flexibilization in Western Europe Roskilde, 1988. (34) Project 1992, or, the Empire Strikes Back, (20 p.), paper presented at a Nordic seminar on the Common Market and the Nordic Countries, Tannishus, 1989. (35) Produktivitetsperspektiver, nogle synspunkter på produktivitetbegrebet, (35 p.), PIKE-småskrift nr 6, 1990. 68

(36) Relationer mellem vækst og miljø, ( 10 p.), paper presented at a conference on Ecology and Economy at the university of Aalborg, 1990. (37) National Systems of Innovation and Institutional Learning, (23 p.), (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), paper presented at the 4S/EASST joint conference in Göteborg, August, 1992. (38) The Learning Economy, (30 p.), (with Bengt-Åke Lundvall), paper presented at the EAEPE-conference in Paris, November, 1992. (39) Institutional Lerning and Clean Growth, paper presented at the EAEPE-conference in Barcelona, October 1993. (40) Ekonomins Läroprocesser, paper presented at Nordiska Forskningspolitiska Rådets conference in København i april, 1994. (41) Implications of a system of innovation perspective on innovation policy in Denmark. Paper presented at the International Symposium on RTD Policies in Europe. Jerusalem, June 12-13 1997. (42) Forest Services and Property Rights from an Innovation Point of View Together with Olman Segura. Paper presented at the Fifth Biennial Meeting of the International Society for Ecological Economics (ISRR), Santiago de Chile, November 15-19, 1998 4. Research reports. (42) Modes of usage and diffusion of new technologies and new knowledge; The case of Denmark, (150 p.), (with Arne Kristensen, Jesper Lindgaard Mette Mulvad og Lone Storgaard), Vol 4, Prospective Dossier no 1, The Commision of the European Communities, 1991. (43) European Integration and National systems of Innovation (with Birgitte Gregersen), Report within the ISE (Innovation Systems and European Integration) research project, funded by Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) under Fourth Framework Program, European Commission, 1997 (44) How do innovations affect economic growth? - Some different approaches in economics (with Birgitte Gregersen), Report within the ISE (Innovation Systems and European Integration) research project, funded by Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) under Fourth Framework Program, European Commission, 1997. 69

Curriculum vitae Keld Laursen Born: 040567 Occupation: Assistant Professor Degrees: MSc (Science and Technology Policy, 1994); MA [cand oecon], (Economics, 1995); PhD. (Economics, 1998) Work address: Copenhagen Business School Dept. of Industrial Economics and Strategy Nansensgade 19,6 1366 Copenhagen Denmark Telephone: +45 38152565 Fax: +45 38152540 E-mail: kl.ivs@cbs.dk Private address: Enghavevej 23, 4th 1674 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone: +45 33233640 E-mail: laursen@image.dk Academic work experience: 1999-: Working as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copehagen Business School. 1998 Worked as an Assistent Research Professor at the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copehagen Business School. 1998: Worked as an Assistent Research Professor at the Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. 1996-1999: Participated in a project on 'Technology, Economic Integration and Social Cohesion' (TEIS), financed by the EU's fourth frame programme: 'Targeted Socio-Economic Research' (TSER), and co-ordinated by MERIT (Bart Verspagen and Luc Soete). The research concerned the sub-theme 'Specialisation, Growth & Technology', and was co-ordinated by Jan Fagerberg. 1996: Member of a working group in the Danish Ministry of Business and Industry on "Resource Area Statistics". 70

1995-1996: Worked on a pilot study on the Danish Innovation System, financed by The Danish Industry and Trade Council, commisioned by the Danish Agency for Trade and Industry, and co-ordinated by the OECD; the Directorate for Science Technology and Industry. 1995-1998: PhD student at the IKE Group, Aalborg University. 1994: Students assistant at the Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University (Bent Dalum). 1992: Students assistant at a project concerning the finance of industrial innovation, at the Aalborg University (Jesper Lindgaard Christensen). 1992: Students assistant at the IKE group, Aalborg University (Bengt-Aake Lundvall) at a large research project on National Systems of Innovation. 1989-1991: Students assistant at a research project (The PIKE project; Bengt-Aake Lundvall) at the Aalborg University dealing with productivity problems in Danish manufacturing industry. University education: 1994-95: Aalborg University : MA in Economics (cand. oecon.) 1992-93 University of Sussex (Science Policy Research Unit): MSc. In Science and Technology Policy. 1988-92: Aalborg University: Bachelor in macroeconomics. Papers in refereed journals Laursen, K. (forthcoming), 'The Impact of Technological Opportunity on the Dynamics of Trade Performance', Structural Change and Economic Dynamics. Drejer, I., F. Skov Kristensen & K. Laursen (forthcoming), 'Cluster Studies as a Basis for Industrial Policy: The Case of Denmark', Industry & Innovation, Vol 6, No. 2, 1999. Laursen, K. and I. Drejer (forthcoming), 'Do Inter-sectoral Linkages Matter for International Trade Specialisation?', the Economics of Innovation and New Technology. Dalum, B., K. Laursen and B. Verspagen (1999), 'Does Specialization Matter for Growth?', Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol 8, pp. 267-288. Dalum, B., K. Laursen and G. Villumsen (1998), 'Structural Change in OECD Export Specialisation Patterns: De-specialisation and "Stickiness"', the International Review of Applied Economics, Vol 12, pp. 447-467. Laursen, K. (1996), 'Horizontal Diversification in the Danish National 71

System of Innovation: The Case of Pharmaceuticals', Research Policy, Vol 25, pp. 1121-1137. Papers in books Drejer, I., F. S. Kristensen and K. Laursen (1999), 'Studies of Clusters as a Basis for Industrial and Technology Policy in the Danish Economy', pp. 293-313, in OECD (ed.) Boosting Innovation: The Cluster Approach, Paris, OECD. Working Papers Laursen, K. (1998), 'Revealed Comparative Advantage and the Alternatives as Measures of Internationl Specialisation, DRUID Working Paper no. 98-30, Copenhagen, IVS, Copenhagen Business School. Laursen, K. (1998), 'How Structural Change Differs, and Why it Matters (for Economic Growth), DRUID Working Paper no. 98-25, Aalborg, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Laursen, K. (1998), 'Do Export and Technological Specialisation Patterns Co-evolve in Terms of Convergence or Divergence?: Evidence from 19 OECD Countries, 1971-1991', DRUID Working Paper no. 98-18, Aalborg, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. Conference contributions Laursen, K. and V. Meliciani (1999), 'The importance of technology based inter-sectoral linkages for market share dynamics', paper prepared for the European Meeting on Applied Evolutionary Economics, 7. - 9. June 1999, Grenoble, France. Laursen, K., V. Mahnke & P. Vejrup-Hansen (1999), ' Firm growth from a knowledge structure perspective', paper prepared for DRUID's Summer Conference on National Innovation Systems, Industrial Dynamics and Innovation Policy, 9th.-12th. June, 1999, Rebild, Denmark. Dalum, B., K. Laursen and G. Villumsen (1997), 'Is there such a thing as a 'good' export specialisation pattern?: A European perspective', draft for discussion at the EU-TSER/TEIS seminar, November 20-22, in Naples, Italy. Policy related work Laursen, K., & J.L. Christensen (1996), 'The Creation, Distribution and Use of Knowledge: A Pilot Study on the Danish Innovation System', Copenhagen, Danish Agency for Trade and Industry, Ministry of Business and Industry. Other work Laursen, K., (1998), A Neo-Schumpeterian Perspective on the Determinants and Effects of International Trade Specialisation, Unpublished PhD thesis, IKE-Group/DRUID, Aalborg University, Aalborg. 72

Curriculum Vitae Name: Specialisation: Klaus Lindegaard Environmental economics, regulation and management, industrial dynamics and the economics of technological and institutional change. Date of Birth: 28. 06. 1962. Nationality: Address: Danish. Aalborg University, Department of Development and Planning, Fibigerstraede 13, DK-9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark. Phone: (+45) 96358399; Fax: (+45) 98153788. e-mail: kl@i4.auc.dk Languages: Danish - Mother tongue English - Excellent German - Manageable Spanish - Fairly manageable Key Qualifications: Klaus Lindegaard has worked with university research and education since 1989 in the areas of industrial economics and environmental economics and management. His experience covers curricula development and planning, research planning and coordination optained both through research and actual research cooperation with Central American universities and researchers on environmental economics, cleaner technology and innovation systems analysis. His teaching experiences includes intermediary micro- and macroeconomics, green accounting and project feasibility analysis at the Faculty of Engineering and Science and the Faculty of Social Sciences. His experience includes post-graduate training of Central American researchers and Open University training of Danish professionals. Education: MA, Economics, 1989, Aalborg University. Professional Experience: - Assistant Professor, Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University, August 1995 -. - Assistant Professor, Department for Business Studies, Aalborg University & Department of Philosophy, Aarhus University, September 1994 - June 1995. - Research Fellow, Ph.D. student, 73

Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University, April 1993 - June 1994. - Research Fellow, Department for Production, Aalborg University, July 1991 - March 1993. - Assistant Lecturer, The Faculty of Social Sciences, Aalborg University, September 1989 - July 1991. Selected Assignments: - Member of the Danish Ecological Counsil, 1997-. - Research Coordinator: Sustainable Development Strategies for Central America: Enhancement of the Central American Research Capacity (SUDESCA). Research cooperation phase: 1995-1999. ENRECA, Danida, Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. - Chairman of the Board, Center for Environment and Development, Aalborg University 1996 -. - Coordinator: Open University programme in Human Ecology, Aalborg University 1995-. - Project Coordinator: Sustainable Development Strategies for Central America. Enhancement of the Central American Research Capacity. Research cooperation project between Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica and Aalborg University, Denmark. Project preparation phase: 1993-1995 supported by ENRECA, Danida, Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. - Research Partner: European Innovation Monitoring System s project: Review of the Empirical Knowledge and an Assessment of Statistical Data on the Economic Importance of New Technology Based Firms. European Commission, DG XIII, 1995. - Member of the Board, Center for Environment and Development,Aalborg University, February 1992 -. - Coordinator, The IKE Group - Ph.D. Programme, Aalborg University, August 1991- June 1992. Professional Memberships: - Ecology and Energy Group, Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University. - IKE, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University. - CeSaM: Centre for Social Sciences on the Environment. - DRUID: Danish Research Unit on Industrial Dynamics, Aalborg University and Copenhagen Business School. - Center for Environment and Development, Aalborg University. - ITVA: International Thorstein Veblen Association. Selected Publications, Research Presentations and Conference Papers: 74

- Eksternaliteter ex cathedra. Temaer i miljø-økonomien. (Externalities Ex Cathedra. Themes in Environmental Economics), paper presented for the Economy-Ecology Group, Aalborg University, Denmark, 1991. - T. B. Veblens obskure økonomi : evolution og tankevaner. (T. B. Veblen s Obscure Economy: Evolution and Habits of Thought). Paper presented at Seminar on Institutional Economics, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 4th 1991. - Hierarchy, Symmetry or Complementarity in the Economy-Ecology Relation. Paper presented at The Second International Meeting of The International Society for Ecological Economics, Stockholm University, Sweden, August 3-6th 1992. - Evolutionary Economy-Ecology Relations. Paper presented at Workshop on Evolutionary Economics and the Accumulation of Knowledge, Koldkaer, Denmark, October 4-6th 1992. - Economy, Ecology and Technological Practice. Paper presented at the international workshop: Technology Studies and the Environment. Nijmegen, The Netherlands, November 24-25th 1992. - Sustainable Techno-Economic Evolution and Environmental Globalization. Paper presented at the 1993 conference of The European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy, Barcelona, Spain, October 28-30th 1993. Printed in: Environment, Technology and Economic Growth: The Challenge to Sustainable Development. Tylecote, A. & Van der Straaten, J. (Eds.), Hampshire: Edvard Elgar, 1997. - Veblen s Evolutionary Quest: On Belief, Repetition and Habits of Circular Flow in Modern Economic Life. Paper presented at inaugural conference of The International Thorstein Veblen Association, New York, United States, February 3-4th 1994. - Strict Sustainability: Towards a Balance of the Environment Indicator. Research presentation at the Third Biennial Meeting of The International Society for Ecological Economics: Down to Earth - Practical Applications of Ecological Economics, Heredia, Costa Rica, October 24-28th 1994. - Veblen on Purpose and Law. Research presentation at the Second Conference of the International Thorstein Veblen Association, Carleton College, Minnesota, United States, May 3o- June 1st, 1996. - Et Miljøbidrag til Miljøgælden (An Environmental Contribution to the Environmental Debt: A Green Tax Reform), with E. Christensen. Paper presented at the conference on Green Taxes in International Perspective, SID, CASA & The Ecological Counsil, Copenhagen, November 25, 1996. 75

- Trade Off s in Joint Implementation Strategies: The Central American Forestry Case, with O. Segura. Paper presented at the conference Cross- Cultural Protection of Nature and the Environment, Humanities Research Center: Man and Nature, Hollufgaard, May 5-7, 1997. Odense University Press 1998. - State of the Art: Systems of Innovation Analysis. SUDESCA Research Papers No. 7, Aalborg University, 1997. - Joint Implementation in Costa Rica: A case study at the community level. With O. Segura, December 1997. Journal of Ecological Economics. Forthcoming. - Innovation Systems and Institutional Change for Sustainability. With A. Remmen. ISEE - Conference, Santiago de Chile, November 1998 - Miljø, produktinnovation og samarbejde (Environment, Product Innovation and Collaboration). With B. Abrahamsen. Research Report, Aalborg University, 1999. - Central American Export Specialisation. With L. Vargas, June 1999, Submitted to CEPAL Review. - Environmental Liability and Technological Practice. PhD Dissertation, Aalborg University. Forthcoming. 76

Curriculum Vitae Name: Peter Lotz Born: 1958 Office: Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6th floor 1366 Copenhagen K Denmark. Phone: + 45 3815 2554 Fax: + 45 3815 2540 E-mail: lotz@cbs.dk Home: Bakkedraget 31 DK-2860 Søborg Current and Past Positions: 1994- Head of Department, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1995- Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1997-1998 Visiting Scholar, Berkeley Roundtable of the International Economy (BRIE) and Haas Business School, UC Berkeley 1991-1994 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1988-91 Research Fellow, Institute for Industrial Research and Social Development, Copenhagen Business School 1985-88 Research Assistant, Institute for Industrial Research and Social Development, Copenhagen Business School Educational Background: 1995 Competence in Teaching diploma program (AUK) at CBS 1991 Ph.D. from Copenhagen Business School 1990-91 Visiting Scholar at MIT Sloan School of Management, USA 1977-85 M.Sc. in Economics (cand. polit.), University of Copenhagen 1980 Studies at Bologna University, Italy Teaching Interests and Experience: Descriptive economics, industrial economics, technology management Research Interests and Ongoing Research Projects: Industrial organization, technological development, vertical relations, industry analysis, industrial policy, medical technology, international trade and specialization, the economics of research. Participation in Research Programs: 77

DRUID (Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics) CISTEMA (Center for Inter-disciplinary Studies in Technology Management) Honors: Awarded the Frederik Zeuthen Prize for the best economic master thesis at the University of Copenhagen in 1985. Awarded the Tietgen Prize Goldmedal 1992 for the Ph.D.-disseration. Awarded the FUHU-Fulbright Senior Scholar Award 1997. Consultant to: Ministry of Business and Industry, Foreign Ministry, the EU Commission, trade organizations Publications: Articles in Refereed Journals The paradox of high R&D and industry stability: Technology and structural dynamics in the global hearing instrument industry. Industry and Innovation, Vol. 5, No. 2, December 1998. Miljøhensyn i verdenshandelen (with Annemarie Munk Hansen). Økonomi & Politik, Vol. 68, No. 2, June 1995. Demand as a driving force in medical innovation. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 1993. The scope for user-producer interaction in innovation diffusion. Rivista internazionale di Science sociali. Juli/September 1992. Den økonomiske væksts komponenter. (The Growth Accounting method of explaining changes in productivity.) Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 126, No. 3, 1988. Books Brancheanalyse. Begreber og dansk empiri. 2. udgave. Samfundslitteratur, 1999. Teknologisk service: Tendenser og udfordringer. (Technological extension services: Tendencies and challenges). Copenhagen: The Danish Ministry of Industry, August 1996 (co-authored). International samhandel. Drivkræfter og tendenser. Samfundslitteratur, September 1995. Danmarks rolle i verdenshandelen (with Heather Hazard). Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen, September 1994. Medico/Sundhed - en erhvervsøkonomisk analyse. (Medical technology - A business analysis.) Copenhagen: The Danish Ministry of Industry, June 1993 (co-authored). Demand-side effects on product innovation. The case of medical devices. Ph.Ddissertation, 1991. 78

Essays in Books Produktudvikling i samarbejde med avancerede brugere. (Product development in cooperation with advanced users), in: Organisering af økonomisk aktivitet, Copenhagen: Samfundslitteratur, 1990. Articles in non-refereed Journals, Danish Journals, Conference Proceedings, etc. Innovation in the Danish Health-Care Industry. International Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry. Jan/Feb 1991 (co-authored with Per Buch Andreasen). The Research Laboratory "DENMARK". Innovation in Danish Health Care Industry. Copenhagen: Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, May 1990 (co-authored with Per Buch Andreasen). Reviews Review of Johan Fjord Jensen, Babel og tomrum, Copenhagen 1996, in Universitetslæreren, nr. 92, marts 1996. Recent Working Papers Industry structure dynamics and the nature of technology in the hearing instrument industry. Working Paper 114, Berkeley Roundtable of the International Economy (BRIE), UC Berkeley, March 1998. Noise and silence in the hearing instrument industry. Cistema Working Paper 1998-1, CISTEMA (Center for Inter-disciplinary Studies in Technology Management), Copenhagen Business School, March 1998 (co-authored with Kristina Lee). Special Presentations Witness to the Danish Parliament s committee on Europe (Folketingets Europaudvalg) in its hearing on the ratification of the GATT/WTO agreement, December 1994. 79

Curriculum vitae Reinhard Lund Reinhard Lund, professor emeritus. Cand.polit from Copenhagen University 1959, dr.merc. from Copenhagen Business School 1979. Is a member of IKE. Siden 1996 prof. emer., professor i organisationssociologi ved Aalborg Universitet 1982-95. Med forfatter til DISKO rapport nr. 1 og 2. Research fields (1) organization, (2) industrial relations. E-mail: rl@business.auc.dk Recent publications: Organizational and innovative flexibility mechanisms and their impact upon organizational effectiveness. DRUID Working Paper, No. 98-23 (ISBN87-7873-061-9). Co-author of Jørgensen, K. et al.: Organisatorisk fornyelse - erfaringer fra 24 danske virksomheder. DISKO-Projektet: Rapport nr. 2. Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, 1998. Co-author of Gjerding, A.N. (red): Den fleksible virksomhed. DISKO-Projektet: Rapport nr. 1. Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, 1997. Experiences Regarding Efforts Towards Integrating Different Functional Sections within Firms, Proceedings Volume of 1st International conference on Technology Policy and Innovation. Session 7. July 2-4 1997, Macau. Book review of Knudsen, Herman: Employee Participation in Europe. London: Sage, in Transfer, European review of Labour and Research, vol.2, no.3, August 1996 pp. 536-537. The Flexible company. Innovation, work organisation and human resource management. DRUID Working Paper, No. 96-17. 43 pp. ISBN 87-7873-017-1. Ny Teknologi Gennem Samarbejde - en undersøgelse af ledelsens og ansattes samarbejde om teknologisk forandring. Aalborg Universitetsforlag 1995. 179 pp. ISBN 87-7307-517-5. Ledelsesformer ved indførelse af ny teknologi. Working Paper 1995-3. Department of Business Studies. ISSN 0908-9152. 27 pp. Human Resource Management frem til år 2000 pp. 257-267 in Steen Hildebrandt (ed.): Strategi og Ledelse. Veje og Visioner mod er 2000. Systime. 1993. ISBN 87-7783-315-5. Also in Final Paper 1994-1. Department of Business Studies. 10 pp. ISSN 0908-9533. 80

The Positions of the Social Partners on Direct Participation in Denmark. Working Paper 1994-5. Department of Business Studies. ISSN 0908-9152. 29 pp. + appendices. The Primacy of Collective Agreements, Denmark. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Working Paper no WP/94/33/EN. Dublin 1994. 35 pp. Also in Regalia, Ida & Colin Gill: The Positions of the Social Partners in Europe on Direct Participation. Country Studies vol. I. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Working Paper no. WP/95/35/EN. Dublin 1995. 81

Curriculum vitae for Bengt-Åke Lundvall Main data 1941 October 8, born in Karlsborg, Sweden. 1961 Student Exam in Halmstad, Sweden. 1969 Fil.kand. and pol.mag. at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. 1973 Associate professor at the University of Aalborg, Denmark. 1989 Docent at the University of Aalborg. 1992-95 Deputy Director at the directorate for Science Technology and Industry, OECD. 1995 February-July, Guest Professor at BETA, University Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg, France. 1995 August -, Professor at the Department for Business Studies, University of Aalborg and Research Manager for Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics (DRUID). Relevant activities 1980-1980-83 Member of the Danish Social Science Research Council. 1980-84 Danish Government expert at OECD on Science, Technology and Competitiveness. 1983-84 Visiting research fellow at Science Policy Research Unit, the University of Sussex, in 1983 and at the Economics department at Stanford University in 1984. 1988-91 Consultant for OECD-DSTI on the TEP-programme. Advisory Editor for journals: Research Policy Industrial and Corporate Change Revue d Economie Industrielle Membership of Scientific Board for: European Summer School for Industrial Dynamics (ESSID) ESRC Centre for Research on Innovation and Competition (CRIC) Advisory expert for: DGXII European Commission CERI-OECD UNCTAD Burgomaster, Berlin Participant in Danish Councils: Technology Council Danish Council for European Policy 82

Publications by Bengt-Åke Lundvall 1985-97 Books Lundvall, B.-Å., Det danske innovationssystem: Et forskningsbaseret debatoplæg om innovationspolitiske udfordringer og handlemuligheder, København, Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, 1999. Lundvall, B.-Å. & Barras, S., The Globalising Learning Economy: Implications for Innovation Policy, Brussels, DG XII, 1999. Lundvall, B.-Å., (ed.), National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter Publishers, 1992. Næs Gjerding, A., et al., Den forsvundne produktivitet (Productivity lost - Danish industrial development in the middle of the eighties, 2 volumes), Copenhagen: DJØF Forlag, 1990. Freeman, C. and Lundvall, B.-Å. (eds.), Small Nations Facing the Technological Revolution, London: Pinter Publishers, 1988. Lundvall, B.-Å., Product Innovation and User-Producer Interaction, Aalborg: Aalborg University Press, 1985. Articles in Journals Lundvall, B.-Å. National Business Systems and National Systems of Innovation, Special Issue on Business Systems, International Studies of Management and Organization, Summer 1999. Lundvall, B.-Å. and Nielsen, P., Competition and transformation in the learning economy illustrated by the Danish case, Revue d Economie Industrielle, No.88, 1999, pp.67-90. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Spatial Division of Labour and Interactive learning', in Revue d Économie Régionale et Urbaine, No. 3, 1999, pp. 469-488. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Information Technology in the Learning Economy', in Communications & Strategies, No. 28, pp 117-192, 1997. Lundvall, B.Å., 'L economia dell apprendimento. Una sfida alla teoria e alla politica economica', in Economia e Politica Industriale, Vol. 23, No. 89, pp 119-145, 1996. Lundvall, B.-Å. and Johnson, B., 'The Learning Economy', (with Johnson, B.) in Journal of Industry Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, Dec. 1994, pp. 23-42. Johnson, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Closing the Institutional gap', Revue d'economie Industrielle, No. 59, 1er Trimestre, 1992. Articles in books and antologies Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Technology Policy in the Learning Economy', in Archibugi, Michie, J & Howells, J. (eds.): Innovation Policy in a Global Economy, Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp 19-34. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'The Learning Economy: challenges to economic theory and policy', Nielsen, K. & Johnson, B. (eds.): Institutions and Economic Change, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publ., 1998. ISBN: 1-85898-322-3 Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Skærpet konkurrence, organisatorisk fornyelse og ændrede kvalifikationskrav', in Næss Gjerding, A. (ed.): Den fleksible virksomhed (The Flexible Firm), Copenhagen: Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, 1997. ISBN: 87-90147-78-2. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Emploi et chomage dans une 'Economie qui apprend', in Meulders et.al.: Pourquoi la Science?, Seyssel: Champ Vallon, 1997. 83

Foray, D. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Une introduction à l'economic fondée sur la connaisance', in Guilhon, B. (ed.): Economie de la Connaisance et des Organisations, Paris: l'harmattan, 1997. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'The Role of National Innovation Systems', in Creativity, Innovation and Job Creation. OECD Proceedings, Paris 1997. ISBN: 9-789264-154247. Andersen, E.S. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'National Innovation Systems and the Dynamics of the Division of Labor', in Edquist, C. (ed.): Systems of Innovation, London: Pinter Publishers, 1997. ISBN: 1-85567-452-1. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Reflections on how to Analyse National Systems of Innovation', in Osmo, K. (ed.): Innovation Systems and Competitiveness, Helsinki: Taloustieto Oy, 1996. ISBN: 9-51561-178-4. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Commentary', in Andreasen, L.E. et al. (eds.): Europe's next step. Ilford: Frank Cass, pp. 305-308, 1995. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'For en kunskapsbaserad och kunskapsorienterad innovationspolitik', i Teknologiska System, Temanummer i rapport 1 '95, i Näringsdepartementets Skriftserie, Aktuellt om Näringspolitik och Ekonomi, Stockholm, pp. 75-83, 1995. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'The Global Unemployment Problem and National Systems of Innovation', in O'Doherty, D. (ed.): Globalisation, Networking and Small Firm Innovation, London: Graham&Trotman, pp. 35-48, 1995. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Standards in an innovative world', in Hawkins, R., Mansell R. and Skea J. (eds.): Standards, Innovation and Competitiveness, Aldershot: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, pp 7-15, 1995. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Teknologipolitik og konkurrenceevne i 'the learning economy'', in Jørgensen, H. og Rasmussen J.G.: Samarbejde -Festskrift til Reinhard Lund, Aalborg University Press, pp. 51-64, 1995. Co-author of The OECD Jobs Study- Facts, Analysis, Strategies, OECD, 1994. Co-author of 'Technological change and innovation', chapter 4 in the OECD Jobs Study - Evidence and Explanations, OECD, 1994. Edquist, C. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Comparing the Danish and Swedish Systems of Innovation', in Nelson, R.R. (ed.): National Systems of Innovations: A Comparative Analysis, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 265-298, 1993. Johnson, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Catching Up and Institutional Learning under Post- Socialism', in Hausner, J., Jessop, B. andnielsen. K. (eds.): Institutional Frameworks of Market Economies, Avebury, pp. 68-88, 1993. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'User-producer relationships, national systems of innovation and internationalisation', in Foray, D. and Freeman, C. (eds.): Technology and the Wealth of Nations, Pinter Publishers, 1993. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Explaining Inter-firm Cooperation and Innovation - Limits of the Transaction Cost Approach' in Grabher, G., (ed.): The Embedded Firm: On the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks, London: Routledge, 1992. Johnson, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Flexibility and Institutional Learning', in Jessop, B. et al (eds.): The Politics of Flexibility,Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1991. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Innovation, the organised market and the productivity slow-down', in OECD, Technology and Productivity, The Challenge for Economic Policy, OECD, Paris, pp. 447-458, 1991. Johnson, B. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'The limits of the pure market economy' in Bohlin, J. et al (eds.): Samhällsvetenskap, Ekonomi, Historia, Festskrift til Lars Herlitz, Göteborg: Daidalos, pp. 85-106, 1989. 84

Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Innovation as an Interactive Process - from User-Producer Interaction to National Systems of Innovation', in Dosi, G. m.fl. (eds.): Technology and Economic Theory, London: Pinter Publishers, 1988. Andersen, E.S. and Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Small national systems of innovation facing technological revolutions - an analytical framework' in Freeman, C. & Lundvall, B.-Å. (eds.): Small Nations Facing the Technological Revolution, London: Pinter Publishers, 1988. Lundvall, B.-Å., 'Technological Unemployment in a small open economy' in Lund R. et al.(eds.): Studies in Unemployment, København, 1987. Working Papers Lundvall, B.-Å. & Kristensen, F.S. Organisational Change, Innovation and Human Resource Development as a Response to Increased Competition, DRUID Working Papers, No. 16, 1997. ISBN: 87-7873-036-8. Lundvall, B.-Å. & Ernst, D., Information Technology in the Learning Economy - Challenges for Developing Countries, DRUID Working Papers, No. 12, 1997. ISBN: 87-7873-031-7. Lundvall, B.-Å., The social dimension of the learning economy, DRUID Working Papers, No. 1, 1996. ISBN: 87-7873-000-7. Lundvall, B.-Å., The learning economy - Challenges to economic theory and policy', No 9514 in BETA Working Papers, University Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, pp. 1-23, 1995. 85

Curriculum Vitae Poul Thøis Madsen Born: 040961 Nationality: Danish University address: Department of Development and Planning Fibigerstraede 2, room 28 9220 Aalborg OE Denmark Telephone: +45 9635 8435 E-mail: pmadsen@i4.auc.dk Private adress: Lindevej 5 9574 Bælum Telephone: +45 9833 7616 Education: 1995: Ph.D. 1987: Cand Oecon, Aalborg University. Occupations: 1997-99: Assistant professor, European Studies, Aalborg University 1996: Associate professor, DISKO project, Aalborg University 1995-96: Head of Section, Danish Research Academy. 1995: Finishing PhD-thesis. External lecturer, University. Teaching at Forvaltningshøjskolen 1993-1994: Expert on research project, consultancy firm PLS Consult, Århus. 1987-1990: Research Fellow, the PIKE-project, Aalborg University List of publications: Books Madsen, P.T. (1999), "Den samarbejdende virksomhed. Mønstre i produktudviklingen for danske fremstillingsvirksomheder" [The Collaborating firm. Patterns of product development of Danish Firms]. DISKO-projektet: Rapport nr. 6. Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen, Madsen, P.T., og Plaschke H. (1998), "Den forbudte debat om ØMU'en" [The Forbidden Debate on the EMU], Systime. Gjerding A.N. (red.)(1997), "Den fleksible virksomhed. Omstillingspres og fornyelse i dansk erhvervsliv" [The Flexible Firm. Restructuring Pressure and Renewal in the Danish Private Sector], DISKO-projektet, rapport nr. 1, Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen. 86

Madsen, P.T. (1996), "Offentligt indkøb og det indre marked - konsekvenser af EU-udbud med særlig henblik på innovations- og integrationsprocesser" [Public Procurement and the Single Market. Consequences of EC-tender in Denmark with special respect to Processes of Innovation and Integration], Ph.D.-afhandling, Aalborg Universitet. (En lettere revideret udgave af Ph.D.-afhandling fra 1995). PLS Consult i samarbejde med Madsen, P.T. og Høstrup, J. (1995), Små og mellemstore virksomheders muligheder i forbindelse med udbud og udlicitering af offentlige opgaver i Danmark, Norden og EU [The Possibilities of small and medium sized Firms in relation to tender and outsourcing from the Public Sector in Denmark, Scandina- via and EU]. Gjerding, A.N., Madsen, P.T., m.fl. (1992), The Productivity Mystery. Industrial Development in Denmark in the Eighties. DJøF Publishing. Gjerding, A.N., Madsen, P.T., m.fl. (1990), Den Forsvundne Produktivitet [The Productivity Mystery], DJØF Publishing. 143 s. Gjerding, A.N., Madsen, P.T.,m.fl., (1990), Jagten på den Forsvundne Produktivitet - Bilagsrapport [Solving the Productivity Mystery] DJØF Publishing. 521 s. Gjerding, A.N., Madsen, P.T., m.fl (1988), Produktivitet og International konkurrenceevne [Productivity and International Competitiveness], Aalborg Universitetscenter. 225 s. Articles Kristensen, P.S., P.T. Madsen og A.L. Vinding (1998), "Methodology and Data Collection (1997-1998) in the DISKO survey on product development collaboration", metodegrundlag for bogen Madsen (1999). Madsen, P.T. og Kristensen, P.S. (1998), "Foreign and Danish Collaboration Partners on Product Development in Small Danish Manufacturing Firms", Conference Paper, Small Business Research, 10 th Nordic Conference. Madsen, P.T. (1997), "Markedet kan ikke stå på egne ben - en replik til Søren Peter Iversen", Samfundsøkonomen, nr.3. Madsen, P.T. (1997), "Public Procurement and the Single Market. Consequences of ECtender in Denmark with special respect to Processes of Innovation and Integration", European Research Unit, Series of Occasional Papers, no. 23. Madsen, P.T. (1994), "Is Culture a major Barrier to a Single European Market? The Case of Public Purchasing" in National Cultures and European Integration - Exploratory Essays on Cultural Diversity and Common Policies, ed. Staffan Zetterholm, Berg Publisher. Madsen, P.T., m.fl. (1993), "Produktivitetens mange determinanter - svar på en kritik" [The numerous Determinants of Productivity - Answers to a Critique]. Samfundsøkonomen nr.5. Madsen, P.T. (1993), Produktivitetsudviklingen i den private servicesektor 1984-91, [Productivity Development in the Private Service Sector 1984-91], contribution to an analysis on the service sector, PLS Consult. Madsen, P.T. (1992), Mechanisms and Effects of Economic Integration - a Note on how to evaluate Economic Integration Projects, paper for workshop on evolutionary economics, Koldkær, Danmark, 4-6 october. Gjerding A.N. og Madsen P.T. (1992), "I brudfladen mellem menneske og teknik..." [In the interface between Man and Technology...], first price in a competition on Management and Information Technology. Published in Ledelse og informationsteknologi - 90'ernes udfordring [Management and Information Technology - the Challenge of the Nineties], ed. Bjarne Kohl and Preben Mehlander. DJøF Publishing. Madsen, P.T. (1991), Mysteriet om den forsvundne produktivitet [The Productivity Mystery], Samfundsøkonomen, nr.5. 87

Madsen, P.T. (1990), "Virksomhederne tog også fejl" [The Firms were also taken by Surprise], Samfundsøkonomen nr.8. Popular articles Den forbudte debat om ØMU'en, [The Forbidden Debate on the EMU] i Nyhedsbrev fra Rådet for Europæisk Politik, nr. 21, 17. april, 1998 (i samarbejde med Henrik Plaschke). Madsen, P.T. (1997), "Bør man elske eller hade ØMU'en?" [To love or not to love the EMU], Salt, årg. 6, nr. 6. Madsen, P.T. (1995), "Den pæne dreng i klassen" [The Top boy of the Class], Kvartalsmagasinet Statsindkøb, nr. 2. Madsen, P.T. (1993), "EF-udbud - en succes med få skyggesider" [EC-tender - a Success with few Complaints], Statsindkøb, Kvartalsmagasin for statens indkøbere, nr. 4. Madsen, P.T. (1993), "Kan servicesektorens produktivitetsproblemer overhovedet måles?" [Is it possible to measure the Productivity Problems of the Service Sector?], Fremtidsorientering, nr. 4. News Paper Articles Hvad vil de europæiske socialdemokrater med Europas økonomi?, kronik i Politiken, 11. januar, 1999 (i samarbejde med Henrik Plaschke). Mere beskidt debat, kommentar i Weekendavisen, 4. juni, 1998 (i samarbejde med Henrik Plaschke). Teksten er her gengivet uforkortet. Weekendavisen forkortede vores indlæg uden at orientere os om dette. Den beskidte debat, kommentar i Weekendavisen, 29. maj, 1998 (i samarbejde med Henrik Plaschke). Teksten er her gengivet uforkortet. Weekendavisen forkortede vores indlæg uden at orientere os om dette. 88

CV for Peter Maskell Born 1949; Education Masters in Economic Geography 1976 (Copenhagen university); Ph.D. in Regional Economics 1983 (Copenhagen Business School); Doctor Merc. in Business Economics 1992 (Copenhagen business School). Present employment Professor at Copenhagen Business School (from 1993). Former employment 1971 Town planning office Nairobi, Kenya 1972 County Council Planning Office, Storstrøm Amtskommune 1973-1974 Assistant (part-time teacher) at Copenhagen University, Faculty of Natural Science, 1974-1975 Assistant (part-time teacher) at Roskilde University 1976 Full time teacher, Efterslægtsselskabets Skole 1977 Ph.D.-student at Copenhagen Business School 1980 Assistant professor Copenhagen Business School 1982 Consultant at Institute for Danish-German Border Research, Aabenraa (Denmark) 1983 Associate professor Copenhagen Business School 1985 Visiting professor at the Department for Social and Economic Geography, Uppsala University, Sweden 1986-1988 Consultant for the Greater Copenhagen planning authority preparing the Masterplan 1989 1986 Consultant for the Ministry of the Environment on the chemical industry s location 1987-1995 Consultant for European Policy Research Centre, Strathclyde, Scotland, on The regional policy in the European Community. Public offices, appointments etc. 1978-1981 National secretary for the association for Tutoring and Vocational Training (FUE) 1980-1981 National secretary for the joint ministerial committee on education for supervisors and tutors 1979 Danish representative in the European Community s committee for educations in physical planning (ERIPLAN), Brussels 1980-1986 Member of the board the Danish university s joint educaton in physical planning 89

1981-1985 Representative for the Ministry of Industry in a Nordic committee on the effect of regional policy. 1982-1983 Chairman for Danish Social Science Research Councils (SSF) evaluation committee for the research programme on Town, Localities and Regions (BYREF) 1983-1985 Editor for the Danish professional journal on town planning (BYPLAN) 1983-1985 Heading the Danish part of the Nordic investigation on on-company towns 1984-1985 Heading the research project on the effect for industry of environmental legislation 1986- Member of the Danish National Committee for Geography under the Royal Danish Society for Science 1986-1992 Appointed member of Danish Social Science Research Councils (SSF) From 1988 member of the board 1986-1994 Appointed member of the Municipal Fund by the Home Secretary 1986-1994 Member of the board for the Municipal Research Institute (AKF) 1987- Member of the Board for Erhvervsøkonomisk Forlag 1988-1996 Appointed by the Minister of Housing member of the board for the National Research Institute for Building Research (SBI) 1989-1992 Member of the board for "Forskningsinstitut Storstrøm" under Handelshøjskoleafdelingen in Nykøbing Falster. 1989-1993 Member of Nordic Council for Research in the Social Sciences (NOS-S) 1990-1993 Member of the Ministry of Culture s committee on Economy and Culture 1990-1991 Heading the Nordic Social Science Research Councils initiative for the Baltic Republics 1990-1992 Denmark s representative on the Nordic Publication Board 1991-1994 Denmark s representative in European Science Foundations research programme on the Regional and Urban Restructuring in Europe (RURE). 1991- Appointed member of the advisory research committee for statistics Denmark 1991-1992 Chairman for Danish Social Science Research Councils (SSF) 1991-1993 Member of the Danish Parliament s committee on Research 1992-1993 Danish representative on European Science Foundations Standing Committee for the Social Sciences 1993-1996 Member of the Transport Research Council 1993- Appointed member of the board for Copenhagen Harbour Authority 1993 Member of the department of industry s programme on the Øresund Region 1993-1997 Appointed member of the advisory research committee for Bornholms Research Centre 1993-1995 Member of the Danish Government s Committee on the Welfare State 1994-1995 Chairman for the Ministry of Educations committee on innovation research and educations. 1994-1997 Advisor for the Ministry of Research on the European Commissions 4 th Framework programme 1994-1998 Member of the committee for Distributions Council Denmark 1995-1997 Appointed expert by the European Commission DG XXII 1995- Member of the board for Copenhagen Business Council 1996- Member of The Advisory Board for Copenhagen Capacity 1997- Member of the Research committee for Cities and Buildings 90

1998 Member of the Ministry of Industry s planning committee for research on Management, Organisations and Competence (LOK) 1998- Appointed member of the National Building Advisory Board 1999- Chairman for the Danish Government s committee on Industry and Cities. Presently member of the Danish Research Unit of Industrial Dynamics (DRUID), heading the working group on inter-firm dynamics Permanent external examiner From 1980 Danmarks Tekniske Højskole Form 1981 Odense Universitet From 1984 Århus Universitet From 1991 Aalborg Universitetscenter From 1994 Københavns Universitet From 1994 Roskilde Universitetscenter From 1998 Member of The International Advisory Board for Centre for European Studies of Territorial Development, Durham, UK. Chairman or member of selection committees for chairs at university departments in the UK, Sweden and Finland. Referee for scientific journals, publishers and research funding agencies European Urban and Regional Studies (member of the editorial board) Cambridge Journal of Economics Industry and Innovation (contributing editor) Urban Geography Review of International Political Economy Economics of Innovation and New Technology Regional Studies Geografiska Annaler Environment and Planning A Routledge (Publishing House) ESRC (Britain's Economic and Social Research Council) Rigsbankens Jubiläumsfond (Stockholm) Danish Reserach Councils (Social and Technical Sciences) 91

Prizes and plaudits 1983 Awarded Esso's research prize 1986 Research grant from the Danish Social Science Research Council 1987 Research grant from the Nordic Social Science Research Council 1991 Research grant from E. Danielsens & Hustrus Fond 1992 Research grant from the Danish Social Science Research Council 1992 Research grant from the private foundations (Gads Fond, Thomas B. Thriges Fond) 1992 Awarded Reinholdt W. Jorck og Hustrus Fond s research prize 1994 Research grant from the NordREFO, Stockholm (1.4 million DKK) Teaching given courses (@ 30 hours in class) in business economics, strategy, strategic management, economic geography, international economics, industry analysis and planning for Danish and international students at bachelor and masters levels through the last 25 years in classes varieng in size from 550 to 10. have received prizes for excellence ( teacher of the year ) and top-rated in the by-annual student evaluations heading the two-years masters programme in International Management and Marketing, Copenhagen Business School (in English only). The programme annually admits eighty students (out of approximately 250 applicants), half form outside Denmark. occasionally given shorter courses or lectures for masters students or Ph.D. students in Italy (Pavia), the UK (Durham) and the US (Rhode Island). Ph.D. supervised a number of Ph.D. students who have successfully completed there three-year programme. appointed director of the DRUID ACADEMY for doctoral training and education, that will be admitting 10-15 Ph.D.s by January 2000. Present administrative duties: Chair of the Research Committee of the Faculty of Economics. Chair of the International Committee of Copenhagen Business School. Publications 92

International publications (refereed) Maskell, P. (1984): Capital restructuring and the advantages of backwardness in peripheral regions. City and Region (9): 11-46. Maskell, P. (1985): Redistribution of Denmark's Manufacturing industry 1972-1982. Scandinavian Housing and Planning Journal (2): 79-93. Maskell, P. (1990): Decentralization and All That. NordREFO (6): 41-49. Maskell, P. (1995): Richard Gibb (ed): The Channel Tunnel: A Geographical Perspective. Geografiska Annaler 77 B (2): 147-148. Maskell, P. (1996): The economic importance of geographical location. Some observations in relation to Arne Isaksens thesis on the growth of new industrial spaces and specialised areas of production. Norwegian Journal of Geography 2 (50): 125-129. Maskell, P. (1997): 'Learning in the village economy of Denmark. The role of institutions and policy in sustaining competitiveness'. In: Braczyk, H.J., Cooke, P. and Heidenreich, M., (Eds.) Regional Innovation Systems. The Role of Governance in a Globalized World London.: UCL-Press. Maskell, P. (1997): L'apprendimento dell'economia-villaggio della Danimarca. Il ruolo delle istituzioni e della politica nel sostegno della competitività. Sviluppo locale IV (4): 54-79. Maskell, P. (1997): Professional Business Services, Conceptual Framework and a Swedish Case Study. Svensk Geografisk Årsbok 23: 98-100. Maskell, P. (1997): Regional Specialisation and Localised Learning: Possibilities for Prosperity in Small Open Economies. NordREFO (8): 165-168. Maskell, P. and Malmberg, A. (1997): 'Apprendimento Localizzato e Competitività Industriale'. In: Bramanti, A. and Maggioni.Mario A., (Eds.) La Dinamica dei Sistemi Produttivi Territoriale: Theorie, Techiche, Politiche Milano: FrancoAngeli. Malmberg, A. and Maskell, P. (1997): Towards an explanation of industry agglomeration and regional specialization. European Planning Studies 5 (1): 25-41. Malmberg, A. and Maskell, P. (1997): 'Towards an Explanation of Regional Specialisation and Industry Agglomeration'. In: Eskelinen, H., (Ed.) Regional specialisation and local environment - Learning and competitiveness Stockholm: NordREFO. Maskell, P. (1998): 'Localised low-tech learning in the furniture industry'. In: Lorenzen, M., (Ed.) Specialisation and Localised Learning. Six Studies on the European Furniture Industry. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Maskell, P. (1997): 'Introduction'. In: Eskelinen, H., (Ed.) Regional specialisation and local environment - Learning and competitiveness Stockholm: NordREFO. Maskell, P. (1997): 'Localised Low-Tech Learning in the Furniture Industry'. In: Eskelinen, H., (Ed.) Regional specialisation and local environment - Learning and competitiveness Stockholm: NordREFO. Maskell, P. (1998): 'The micro-theoretical foundation of Economic Geography and the Exactitude in Scence'. In: Hägerstrand, T., Mattson, J.O., Åhman, F.D.R., Jonsson, O. and Olander, L.-O., (Eds.) Economic Geography in Transformation pp. 89-97. Lund: Sydsvenska Geografiska Selskabet; Gleerupska Universitetsbokhandeln. Maskell, P. (1998): Professional Business Services, Conceptual Framework and a Swedish Case Study. Geografiska Annaler 80 (1): 49-50. Maskell, P. (1998): Successful low-tech industries in high-cost environments: The case of the Danish furniture industry. European Urban and Regional Studies 5 (2): 99-118. Maskell, P., Eskelinen, H., Hannibalsson, I., Malmberg, A. and Vatne, E. (1998): Competitiveness, localised learning and regional development. Specialisation and prosperity in small open economies, London: Routledge. 93

Maskell, P. (1998): Globaliseringsprocessen og danske erhvervspolitiske overvejelser. Politica 30 (1): 24-48. Maskell, P. (1999): 'Competitiveness, localised learning and regional development'. In: Treptow, R., (Ed.) Economic and cultural transition towards a learning city: The case of Jena pp. 57-61. Paris: OECD. Maskell, P. and Törnqvist, G. (1999): Building a Cross-Border Learning Region. The Emergence of the Northern European Øresund Region, Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Maskell, P. (1999): 'Globalisation and industrial competitiveness: The process and consequences of ubiquitification'. In: Malecki, E.J. and Oinas, P., (Eds.) Making Connections: Technological Learning and Regional Economic Change pp. 35-60. Aldershot: Ashgate. Maskell, P. and Malmberg, A. (1999): The Competitiveness of Firms and Regions: 'Ubiquitification' and the importance of Localised Learning. European Urban and Regional Studies 6 (1): 9-26. Malmberg, A. and Maskell, P. (1999): Localised Learning and Regional Economic Development. European Urban and Regional Studies 6 (1): 5-9. Maskell, P. and Malmberg, A. (1999): Localised learning and industrial competitiveness. Cambridge Journal of Economics 23 (2): 167-186. In press Maskell, P. (Forthcoming): 'Social capital and competitiveness'. In: Field, J., Schuller, T. and Baron, S., (Eds.) Social Capital Collection Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lundvall, B.-Å. and Maskell, P. (forthcoming): 'Nation states and economic development - From national systems of production to national systems of knowledge creation and learning'. In: Clark, G.L., Feldmann, M.P. and Gertler, M.S., (Eds.) Handbook of Economic Geography Oxford: Oxford University Press. Working papers Maskell, P. and Christensen, P.R. (1981): The Region between Autonomy and Dependence. Publication no.23, TTR, Copenhagen Business School Maskell, P. (1990) The Network theory and the significance of high exit costs. Copenhagen Business School. Maskell, P. (1996): Learning in the village economy of Denmark. The role of institutions and policy in sustaining competitiveness. Working Paper no.6, Copenhagen DRUID Maskell, P. (1996): Localised low-tech learning in the furniture industry. Working Paper no.11 Copenhagen DRUID Maskell, P. (1996) Subcontractors and Subcontracting Relationships in Danish Manufacturing Industry 1995. Some preliminary observations. Copenhagen Business School. Maskell, P. (1996) Regional Advantages in a learning Economy. Copenhagen Business School. Maskell, P. (1993) European Integration and the Regional Development in Scandinavia. ERIPLAN, Brussels Amin, A., Malmberg, A. and Maskell, P. (1988) Structural change and the geography of production in Europe. Newcasle University 94

Maskell, Peter and Malmberg, Anders (1995): Localised learning and industrial competitiveness, Berkeley/BRIE Working Paper no. 80, Available at: HTTP://BRIE.BERKELEY.EDU/BRIE/PUBS/WP/WP80.html. Maskell, Peter. 1996. Local Embeddedness and Patterns of International Specialisation Working paper. Paper presented at the 22nd Annual Conference in EIBA, European International Business Academy, Stockholm, 15-17 December 1996 Working papers and publications in Danish Maskell, P. (1974) En erhvervsgeografisk undersøgelse af Vestlolland, med særligt henblik på indkomstdannelsen. Geografisk Institut, Københavns Universitet. Maskell, P. and Jensen, E. (1975) Valg af uddannelse. En undersøgelse af gymnasie-, HFog studenterkursuselevers valg af videregående uddannelse, og nogle af de faktorer, der øver indflydelse på dette valg. Arbejdsdirektoratet, Direktoratet for Gymnasieskolen og HF. Maskell, P. (1975): Transportsektoren i Danmark 1850-1970, med særligt henblik for dens betydning for den regionale udvikling. Kulturgeografiske Hæfter 4 (2): 71-116. Maskell, P. (1976) Transport - produktion - regional udvikling. En undersøgelse af transportsektorens erhvervsgeografiske virkninger i Danmark 1870-1970. Geografisk Institut, Københavns Universitet Maskell, P. (1978): Lidt om planteori. Læreanstalternes Fælles Byplankursus (LFB) Maskell, P. (1979): En socialdemokratisk lokaliseringspolitik. Politica 11 (1). Friis, P. and Maskell, P. (1980): Om Alfred Weber og hans lokaliseringsteori [On Alfred Weber and his Theory on Location]. Publikation no.6, TTB, Handelshøjskolen Friis, P. and Maskell, P., (Eds.) (1981): Teknologi- og regionaludvikling - en nordisk antologi. Roskilde: Roskilde Universitetsforlag Maskell, P. (1981): 'Om teknologibegrebet i efterkrigstidens teorier om regionaludvikling'. In: Friis, P. and Maskell, P., (Eds.) Teknologi- og regionaludvikling - en nordisk antologi Roskilde: Roskilde Universitetsforlag Maskell, P. (1981): Egnsudviklingsstøttens betydning 1972-80. Publikation no.25, TTR, Handelshøjskolen i København Maskell, P. (1982): Industriens regionale omlokalisering 1970-1980 - Omfang, Årsager, Konsekvenser Copenhagen: Nyt Nordisk Forlag. Maskell, P. (1982): Tendenser i produktionens regionale fordeling. Landsplanlægning 1983-2000 Miljøministeriet, Planstyrelsen Maskell, P. (1983): Egnsudviklingsstøttens effekt - en kompleks størrelse. Byplan 35 (6): 182-186. Maskell, P. and Christensen, P.R. (1983): Regional selvtillid - 1980ernes erhvervspolitiske ledestjerne? NordREFO 14 (2-3): 17-36. Maskell, P. (1984): Fordeling af industriens virksomheder og beskæftigelse på primærkommuner 1972-1982. Modelpapir no.17, Institut for Grænseregionsforskning, Åbenrå Maskell, P. (1984): Storbykrise og Vækstområde - den industrigeografiske udvikling i Danmark 1972-82. Arbejdspapir no.28, Institut for Grænseregionsforskning, Åbenrå Maskell, P. (1984): Effektvurderingernes afmagt: nogle årsager og anbefalinger. NordREFO 15 (4): 39-53. Maskell, P. (1984): Frederiksværk kommune og Det Danske Stålvalseværk. Publikation no.34, TTR, Handelshøjskolen i København Maskell, P. (1984): Truede virksomheder i mellemstore byer. Kommunen 12. April 95

Maskell, P. (1984): Kvæler plan- og miljølovgivningen de små byvirksomheder. Kommunen 21. juni Maskell, P. (1984): Ensidig industristruktur: en ulykke? Byplan 36 (5): 184-187. Maskell, P. (1984) Udviklingsbegreber i udenrigshandelsteorien og i regionalteorien. Handelshøjskolen. Maskell, P. (1984): Herning og Ikast kommuners afhængighed af tekstil- og beklædningsvirksomhed. Publikation no.33, TTR, Handelshøjskolen Maskell, P. (1984): 'Industriens omlokalisering 1972-1982: Dens omfang, årsager og erhvervsstrukturelle konsekvenser'. In: Illeris, S. and Pedersen, P.O., (Eds.) Industrien - koncentration eller spredning? København: AKF. Maskell, P. (1984): Shift-share metoden - et regionalpolitisk analyseredskab? Publikation no. 36, TTR, Handelshøjskolen Christensen, J.F. and Maskell, P. (1984): Teknologi, arbejdsmarked og lokalisering. Dansk Byplanlaboratoriums Skriftserie no.30, Arkitektens Forlag; Maskell, P. (1984): Ensidige industrikommuner - danske erfaringer 1972-1982. Publikation no.32 TTR Handelshøjskolen Maskell, P. (1985): 'Vildveje og udveje i forklaringen af regionale forskelle'. In: Tonboe, J.C., (Ed.) Farvel til byen Aalborg: Aalborg Universitetsforlag. Maskell, P. (1985): Ensidige industristeder og problemområder - Ingen nødvendig sammenheng. Plan og Arbeid (1): 36-45. (Norge) Maskell, P. (1985): Vestkystes industri. Pluk (1): 27-31. Maskell, P. (1985): Nye tendenser i analysen af lokalt erhvervsliv. Byplan (5). Maskell, P. (1985): Havne - og deres by. Byplan 37 (1) Maskell, P. (1986): Evaluering av regionalpolitiske foranstaltninger - om frugtbare og ufrugtbare teorier og metoder. NordREFO 16 (1-2): 189-197. Maskell, P. (1986): Erhvervsservice. Byplan (6). Maskell, P. (1986): Industriens flugt fra storbyen - Årsager og konsekvenser, København: Nyt Nordisk Forlag Arnold Busck. Maskell, P. (1986): Danske byers vækst. Byplan (2) (review) Maskell, P. (1987): Jylland er ryggen i dansk industri. Sparekassen (3): 22-25. Maskell, P. (1987): Vækstindustri - dens art og omfang, udvikling og lokalisering. Rapport no.:2, ( pp.1-35.) København Planstyrelsen, Miljøministeriet Maskell, P. (1987) Servicesektorens udvikling og fremtidens samfundsmæssige betydning. FAST/Industriministeriet Maskell, P. (1987): Forventninger og struktur i dansk industri. Kulturgeografiske Hæfter: 4-21. Maskell, P. (1987): Kemisk industris udvikling og lokalisering. Rapport no.:1, ( pp.1-52.) København Planstyrelsen, Miljøministeriet Maskell, P. (1987): International arbejdsdeling og specialisering - nødvendigt og ønskværdigt? Tidsskrift for Politisk Økonomi 9 (1): 7-31. Maskell, P. (1987) Erhvervsstrukturelle udviklingstræk og Danmarks internationale konkurrenceevne. Industriministeriet Maskell, P. (1988): 'Att förklare industriens regionala omfordeling'. In: Andersson, R. and Malmberg, A., (Eds.) Regional struktur och industriella strategier i Norden pp. 149-172. Painokaari, Finland Maskell, P. (1988) Virksomhedernes Livsforløb. Metodeproblemer ved etablering af longitudinale datasæt for industrien. TTR, Handelshøjskolen Maskell, P. (1988): Kommunal erhvervspolitik: Væk fra kustodeplanlægningen. Byplan (5-6): 205-207. 96

Maskell, P. (1989) De erhvervspolitiske udfordringer og behovet for Københavns revitalisering. Københavns Kommune. Maskell, P. and Füssel, L.R. (1989): Den nødvendige havn. TTR, Handelshøjskolen Jensen, T., Maskell, P. and Pedersen, K. (1989): Vækstbranchers udviklingsdynamik i Hovedstadsregionen - nye tendenser og påvirkningsmuligheder. Hovedstadsrådet i samarbejde med DIOS Maskell, P. (1989) Dansk industris fornyelse under medlemskabet af EF. Industriministeriet. Maskell, P. (1989): Erhvervspolitik og internationaliseringens konsekvenser. Praktik (3): 27-30. Maskell, P. (1989) Potentielle væksterhverv i Hovedstadsregionen - den industristrukturelle omstilling frem til årtusindskiftet. Hovedstadsrådet Maskell, P. and Andreasen, K. (1989) Industriens ejerforhold i geografisk belysning. Miljøministeriet. Maskell, P. (1990): Lokomotiver og ledelse. Erhvervsbladet 25. september. Maskell, P. (1990): Kommunernes nye erhvervsrolle. Erhvervsbladet 14. november. Kronik Maskell, P. (1990): 'Søpavillionen og byplanlægningen'. In: Nielsen, L.D. and Fich, C., (Eds.) Nye muligheder i det lokale? Konferencerapport, Handelshøjskolen. Maskell, P. (1990): Den ny erhvervspolitik. Erhvervsbladet 1. maj. Kronik Maskell, P. (1990): Bedre kommunal fremme af erhvervslivet. Danmarks Amtsråd 23. januar (2). Maskell, P. (1990): 'Hen til kommoden.. - Om den danske vækstcenterdebat igennem 30 år'. In: Füssel, L.R. and Skjøtt-Larsen, T., (Eds.) Fra trafik og musik til virksomhedsstrategier. København: Samfundslitteratur. Maskell, P. (1990): Netværkbegrebet i økonomisk geografi. Nordisk Samhällsgeografisk Tidsskrift (12): 3-13. Maskell, P. (1990): Tendenser i den regionale udvikling i Danmark. København Planstyrelsen, Miljøministeriet Maskell, P. (1992): Nyetableringer i industrien og industristrukturens udvikling (New firm formation and the industrial restructuring), Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. Maskell, P. (1992): Bornholmerne vil bare at staten punger ud. Bornholmeren 18. november. Maskell, P. (1993): Om behovet for guvernører. Bornholmeren 28. marts. Maskell, P. (1993): Liberale erhverv i Hovedstadsregionen, København: Samfundslitteratur. (142 pages) Maskell, P. (1993) Nogle bemærkninger om muligheder og risici for dansk industri ved anvendelsen af tilbagetagningsordninge mv. Miljøministeriet. Maskell, P. (1993): 'De liberale erhverv'. Arbejdsministeriets Arbejdsmarkedspolitisk Årbog København. Maskell, P. (1994): Industriel dynamik og regional inerti. Ledelse og Erhvervsøkonomi 3 (58): 139-149. Maskell, P. (1994): Infrastruktur og regional erhvervsmæssig udvikling - med særligt henblik på udviklingen i Danmark. Report no.624, (167 pages) Stockholm TemaNord Maskell, P. (1994): Infrastrukturens økonomiske rolle. Nordisk Samhällsgeografisk Tidsskrift (18): 22-48. Maskell, P. (1994): Ørestaden. Byplan (3). 97

Maskell, P. (1995): Offentlig infrastruktur i et erhvervsudviklingsperspektiv. Erhvervsudviklingsrådets debathæfter, København: Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen (50 pages) Maskell, P. (1995): De erhvervsrettede hovedperspektiver i Velfærdskommissionens analyser og anbefalinger. Samfundsøkonomen (6): 29-36. Maskell, P. and Dræbye, T. (1996) Renere teknologi i samspillet miljøpolitik /erhvervspolitik. Miljøstyrelsen Maskell, P. (1996): 'De regionale styrkepositioner'. Et Spadestik dybere. En bog om kommunernes erhvervspolitik København: Kommunernes Landsforening. Maskell, P., Jensen, T.P., Arnberg, S., Hansen, M.B. and Ranis, T. (1997): Erhvervslokalisering og vækst, København: AKF. (112 pages) Maskell, P. (1997): Ressourcebaseret regionalteori. Om kompetence og læring som basis for lokal og regional udvikling. Byplan (4): 154-160. Nedergaard, K.D. and Maskell, P. (1997): Miljøbelastningen ved godstransport med lastbil og skib - et projekt om Hovedstadsregionen. Faglig rapport no.:192, Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser (Miljø- og Energiminsteriet) Maskell, P. (1998): Globalisering: en kort introduktion. Politica 30 (1): 5-7. Maskell, P. (Forthcoming): 'Økonomisk Geografi som omdrejningspunkt?'. In: Illeris, S., (Ed.) Danske geografiske forskere Frederiksberg: Samfundslitteratur; Roskilde Universitetsforlag. Maskell, P. (Forthcoming): 'Verdenshandel og kapitalbevægelser'. In: Dolin, J., (Ed.) Grundbog i Geografi for Gymnasiet og HF København: Gyldendal. 98

Curriculum Vitae KRISTIAN PHILIPSEN Personal Information: Business address:department of Organisation and Entrepreneurship, University of Southern Denmark, Kolding Engstien 1 DK-6000 Kolding Denmark Business telephone: (+45) 65501416, fax: (+45) 65501448 E-mail: kp@sam.sdu.dk Private address: Broager 10, Ø. Vedsted, 6760 Ribe, Denmark Private telephone: (+45) 75424472 Date of Birth 14 June 1960 Nationality Danish Foreign languages: English (fluent), German (intermediate), French (basic) Current position: Associate professor in marketing Education: 1995: Ph.D.(Business Administration), Aalborg University, Denmark 1990: Cand.merc. (MSc/Business Administration) Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Research areas The main research interests are covered by three main themes: * Interorganisational co-operation between firms especially about innovation and in an evolutionary perspective * Entrepreneurship in an organizational, knowledge/competence, and marketing perspective. * SMEs, industrial districts, and regional innovation policy The first research theme is covered by the Ph.D. dissertation about product development in the food sector and publications based on the results in the dissertation. It also includes recent research about firms contractual relations with customers and suppliers. The next research theme is covered by research on entrepreneurship from different perspectives. The main research activity now is investigation of yong growing firms and the influence of management forms and competence on the growth processes. The third theme includes a larger theoretical and empirical study about the stainless steel industry in the Triangle area in Denmark. The study has investigated evolutionary aspects of the changes in the industry, present innovation patterns in the industry and the industry s use of and co-operation with the public innovation support suppliers. The study is part of a 7 country study about SMEs innovation pattern and innovation policy aiming at SMEs. 99

Employment: 1998- Associate professor in marketing at University of Southern Denmark, Kolding 1995-1998 Assistant professor in marketing at Southern Denmark Business School, 1994-1995 Research assistant at University Centre of Southern Jutland, Esbjerg. Nov. 1994 Research assistant at Aalborg University/MAPP-project under the FØTEK-program. Cooperation with associated professor Esben Sloth Andersen. 1990-1994 Ph.D. student at University Centre of Southern Jutland, Esbjerg. Teaching: 1995-1999: Courses in Marketing management, Global/international marketing, Innovation and product policy and Applied market analysis at the bachelor and diploma level. Supervisor for a large number of written works by students at the bachelor, diploma and Masters level. University of Southern Denmark. 1991-1992 Course on The enterprise in EU. Bachelor level. Southern Denmark Business School, Esbjerg. Selected publications: Books: Innovation in SMEs and the regional innovation support system - the Triangle Region of Denmark. A research project on innovation and innovation support in a regional perspective, funded by the European Community (DG XII) under the Targeted Socioeconomic Research Programme (TSER). Kolding, 1999, 138 pages + appendixes. Co-author P.R. Christensen and A. Cornett, University of Southern Denmark Book chapters Butik Lone. Chapter in the Book: Godt begyndt - Casesamling om danske iværksættere og deres erfaringer. Systime, 1999. P.R.Christensen, H.D. Jensen, P. Blenker, and A.Larsen,(eds.) Co-author: Lone Toftild, University of Southern Denmark. Articles in refereed journals Evolutionary perspectives on the formation of Small Business Clusters - The case of a stainless steel district in Denmark. Accepted for publication in Entrepreneurship and Regional Development - An International Journal Co-author: P.R.Christensen, University of Southern Denmark. Conference and working papers * Entrepreneurship as organizing. Paper presented at the Xth Nordic conference on Small Business Research, Växjö June 14-16 1998. Co-author: P.R. Christensen, University of Southern Denmark 100

"Free Range Pork. Innovation and Control of a New Credence Good", MAPPworking paper March 1998, The Aarhus School of Business. Co-author: E.S. Andersen, Aalborg University. * The evolution of credence goods in customer markets: Exchanging pigs in pokes. Paper præsenteret på DRUID vinter seminaret, 8.-10. Januar, 1998 på Kongebrogaarden, Middelfart. Co-author: E.S. Andersen, Aalborg University. * The entrepreneurial process. Do a learning perspective offer new insight? A conceptual paper. Paper presented at the RENT X (Research in Entrepreneurship and small business, 10th anniversary) conference at Katholieke Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, November 21-22 1996. Other publications: * "The Role of Lead Distributors in Product Innovation Within the Food Industry. An Analytical Framework Developed in Relation to Pig-Meat-Product Innovations in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Denmark. 525 pages. Ph.d. dissertation. Unpublished. * Den rustfri stålindustri i trekantområdet - et eksempel på et industrielt distrikt. Article in Yearbook 1997/98 for CESFO, Centre for Small Business Studies, Southern Denmark Business School. Co-author: P.R. Christensen, University of Southern Denmark * Elementer til en teoretisk forståelse af entrepreneuren ud fra et vidensperspektiv Article in Yearbook 1996/97 for CESFO, Centre for Small Business Studies, Southern Denmark Business School. 101

Curriculum Vitae Peter Nielsen Positions: Associate Proffessor (since 1992) Assitant Proffessor (1988-1992) Research Assistent (1984-1988) Locksmith/Shipbuilder (1969-1982) (periodically and parrrallel with studies) Aprenticeship (1963-1967) Research: The Danish Innovation System (since 1996) Manpower Strategies and Labour Market Dynamics (1992-1995) Personnel Planning in Firms (1988-1991) Job Security in Firms (1987-88) Public Sobservie and Market Dynamics (1984-1986) Teaching: Networks: Research Metodology Labour Market and Personal Management Evaluation Management Information System Human Resources management Research Metodology 102

CV for METTE PRÆST Assistant Professor, PhD The Aarhus School of Business Department of International Business Fuglesangs Allé 4 DK-8210 Aarhus V Phone +45 8948 6349 Fax +45 8948 6125 Academic Experience Assistant Professor, Department of International Business, The Aarhus School of Business, 1999- Assistant Research Professor, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University, 1999 Doctoral Research Student, Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University, 1995-1999 Research Assistant, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe, Germany, 1994-1995 Publications 1.»Demarcation of Technological Competence Groups: Methods, Problems, and Future Opportunities«. Accepted for publication in Sanchez and Heene (1999): Research in Competence-Based Strategic Management. 2.»The Accumulation of Technological Competencies: Or Who Perform Better in Turbulent Environments?«Accepted for publication in Sanchez and Heene (1999): Knowledge Management and Organisational Competence. 3.With B. Dalum, M. Holmen, S. Jacobsson, A. Rickne, and G. Villumsen (1999):»Changing the Regional System of Innovation«. Forthcoming as Chapter 8 in Jan Fagerberg, Paulo Guerrieri, Bart Verspagen (eds.): The Economic Challenge for Europe: Adapting to Innovation-based Growth. Edward Elgar Publishing Company. 4.»Changing Technological Capabilities in High-Tech Firms: A Study of the Telecommunications Industry«. In C. E. Garcia and L. Sanz-Mendendez (1998): Management and Technology. European Commission, pp. 79-99. And Journal of High Technology Management Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp.175-193. 5.»Industrial Dynamics and the Impact upon the Firm-specific Competence Base«. Published in Q. Xu, X. Wu & J. Chen: International Symposium on Management of Technology and Technological Innovation. Hangzhou, China, Conference Proceedings, pp. 61-72. 6.Demarcation of Industry and Competence Groups: Linkages, Methods for Identification and Future Opportunities. Published in ETIC Conference Proceedings, Strasbourg, France, volume II, pp. 1-33. 7.»A Dynamic Approach to the Analysis of Technological Competence Accumulation and Strategic Behaviour in Telecommunications«. Published in Communications and Strategies, Nr. 29, 1. trimester, pp. 79-114. 103

Working Papers 1.A Typology of Competence Accumulation. To be presented at the Cistema conference on»mobilizing Knowledge in Technology Management«, Copenhagen, October 1999. 2.Evolutionary Patterns of Technological Competence Accumulation: A Measurement Proposition, presented at the European Meeting on Applied Evolutionary Economics in Grenoble, France, June 1999. 3.Patterns of Technological Competence Accumulation and Performance: Experiences from Telecommunications. Unpublished PhD-dissertation, Aalborg University and Fraunhofer Institute, 1999. 4.An Empirical Model of Firm Behaviour: A Dynamic Approach to the Accumulation of Technological Competencies. DRUID Working Paper WP-98-1. 5.A Dynamic Approach to the Accumulation of Technological Competencies. Paper presented at the»7th International Forum on Technology Management Conference«held in Kyoto, Japan, November 1997. 6.The Dynamics of Capability Groups and Firm Behavior: Short and Long Run Reaction Patterns. Paper presented at the»r&d Management in the 21st Century: Theory and Practice Conference«held in Manchester, UK, July 1997. 7. Development of a Lifecycle Concept for the Judgement of the European Technology Policy (Entwicklung eines Lebenszykluskonzepts zur Beurteilung der europäischen Technologiepolitik). Unpublished Master Thesis, Odense University and Fraunhofer Institute, 1995. 104

Vitae for Ron Sanchez Professor of Strategy and Technology Management IMD International Institute for Management Development Chemin de Bellrive 23 P.O. Box 915 CH 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland Tel: 41-21-618-0111 Fax: 41-21-618-0707 email: Sanchez@IMD.CH Research Interests General: Management issues at the interfaces of strategy, technology, and organization design. Current teaching and research topics: Theory and practice of competence-based strategic management Modularity in product, process, and knowledge architectures Knowledge management and strategic organizational learning Options theory in strategic management Strategic flexibility Education PhD in Technology Strategy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 1991 Executive MBA (with Honors), Saint Mary s College of California, 1985 MS in Civil Engineering, MIT, 1972 BS in Architecture, MIT, 1972 BS in Humanities and Science, MIT, 1968 Faculty Positions Professor of Strategy and Technology Management IMD International Institute for Management Development Lausanne, Switzerland Visiting Professor of Management, Copenhagen Business School (1998-1999) Associated with the DRUID Associate Professor of Management (July 1996 to June 1998) Coordinator of DBA (Doctor of Business Administration) program Director, Center for Management and Policy Research Associate Director for Research, Graduate School of Management Graduate School of Management 105

University of Western Australia Nedlands, Western Australia 6907, Australia Positions at Universities (continued) Assistant Professor of Policy and Strategy (1991 to 1996) Department of Business Administration University of Illinois 1206 South Sixth Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 USA Visiting Professor of Strategic Management (1996) Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Economiques et Commerciales (ESSEC) Avenue Bernard Hirsch 95021 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France Courses Taught Strategic Management (Ph.D., MBA, and senior undergraduate) Technology Strategy (MBA and Ph.D.) Strategies for Product Development (MBA) Marketing Management (MBA) Japanese Technology Policy and Strategy (MBA and Ph.D.) International Management (MBA) Content, Theory, and Research in Strategic Management (Ph.D.) Philosophy and Methods of Management Science (Ph.D.) Institutional Service and Program Development While at University of Illinois, I served on the organizing committee that established a joint degree program co-sponsored by the School of Engineering and the College of Commerce and Business Administration. I also developed and taught the Department of Business Administration s first courses in Technology Strategy, Strategies for Product Development, Japanese Technology Policy and Strategy, and Philosophy and Methods of Management Science (the latter two courses for doctoral students in management). At the Graduate School of Management (GSM), University of Western Australia, as Coordinator of the Doctor of Business Administration program I developed and taught the core DBA courses in philosophy of management studies, research methods, and theoretical foundations for strategic management. (The DBA is a research degree program designed for senior managers and executives.) As Director of the Center for Management and Policy Research, I facilitated international research networking by GSM staff and doctoral students. In June of 1997, I was appointed Associate Director for Research with administrative responsibility for the GSM s doctoral programs, consisting of 20 PhD students and 22 DBA students. At the university level, I served on the Board of 106

Postgraduate Research Studies in reviewing all doctoral research proposals and examiners reports on PhD dissertations submitted to the university. Professional Activities, Honors, and Associations Series Editor for the Advanced Series in Management published by Elsevier Science Named Outstanding Faculty in policy and strategy area at University of Illinois by Business Week Guide to the Best Business Schools (3rd edition), 1993 Dean s commendation for excellence in teaching, University of Illinois, 1995 Elected to memberships in International Association for the Management of Technology (IAMOT) and the Corporate Design Foundation Memberships in Academy of Management, Strategic Management Society, Academy of International Business, and INFORMS (formerly TIMS/ORSA) Current Industry Research and Consulting Relationships During the past six years I have developed a close working relationship (both research and consulting) with Philips NV at its world headquarters in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and at several Philips product divisions and business groups in Europe and Asia. Currently, I am working with Philips to implement a new strategic management framework based on my research into product creation and realization processes organized around modular product, process, and knowledge architectures. Prior Business Experience Consultant in establishing joint ventures and product development collaborations between U.S., European, and Japanese firms, 1979-1987 Senior trade association representative in California, Japan, and Germany, 1973-1979 Mechanical and structural engineering (various positions), 1968-1972 Publications (as of February 1999) Dissertation: Sanchez, Ron (1991). Strategic Flexibility, Real Options, and Product-based Strategy, Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA, UMI Publication Number 9520547. Books (forthcoming): 107

Sanchez, Ron, editor. Beyond the Boundaries of the Firm: Integrating Theories of the Firm and Theories of Markets, Oxford: Elsevier Science, forthcoming 1999. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene, guest co-editors. Theory Development for Competence- Based Management (Volume A), Research in Competence-Based Management (Volume B), and Formulating and Implementing Competence-Based Strategy (Volume C), to appear in Advances in Applied Business Strategy, Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press. Morecroft, John, Aimé Heene, and Ron Sanchez, co-editors. Systems Perspectives on Resources, Capabilities, and Management Processes, Oxford: Elsevier Science, forthcoming 1999. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene. The New Strategic Management: Organization, Competition, and Competence-Based Management (textbook), New York and Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, forthcoming early 2000. Books in Print: Ron Sanchez, Aimé Heene, and Howard Thomas, editors (1996). Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Ron Sanchez and Aimé Heene, editors (1997). Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Aimé Heene and Ron Sanchez, editors (1997). Competence-Based Strategic Management, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Journal Articles Published: Sanchez, Ron (1993). "Strategic flexibility, firm organization, and managerial work in dynamic markets: A strategic options perspective," Advances in Strategic Management, 9, 251-291. Sanchez, Ron (1994). Higher-order organization and commitment in strategic options theory, Advances in Strategic Management, 10, 299-307. Sanchez, Ron (1995). Strategic flexibility in product competition, Strategic Management Journal, 16 (summer special issue), 135-159. Sanchez, Ron (1996). Strategic product creation: Managing new interactions of technology, markets, and organizations, European Management Journal, 14 (2), 121-138. Sanchez, Ron (1997). Preparing for an uncertain future: Managing organizations for strategic flexibility, in International Studies in Management and Organization, 27 (2), summer issue, 71-94. 108

Journal Articles Published (continued): Sanchez, Ron (1997). Strategic management at the point of inflection: Systems, complexity, and competence theory, Long-Range Planning, 30 (6), 939-946. Sanchez, Ron (forthcoming 1999). Modular architectures, knowledge assets, and organizational learning: New management processes for organizational learning, International Journal of Technology Management. Sanchez, Ron, and D. Sudharshan (1993). Real-time market research: Learning-by-doing in the development of new products, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 11 (August), 29-38. Sanchez, Ron, and Joseph T. Mahoney (1996). Modularity, flexibility, and knowledge management in product and organization design, Strategic Management Journal, 17 (winter special issue), 63-76. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene (1997). Reinventing strategic management: New theory and practice for competence-based competition, European Management Journal, 15 (3), 303-317. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene (1997). Managing for an uncertain future: A systems view of strategic organizational change, in International Studies in Management and Organization, 27 (2) summer issue, 21-42. D. Sudharshan and Ron Sanchez (1998). "Distribution equity: Creating value through managing knowledge relationships with distribution channels," Journal of Market-Focused Management, 2 (4), 309-338. Journal Articles Accepted for Publication: Sanchez, Ron. Modular architectures in the marketing process, forthcoming in special issue of Journal of Marketing on Fundamental Issues and New Directions for Marketing (early 2000). Sanchez, Ron. Implementing competence-based strategic management: Defining and identifying five modes of competence, forthcoming in Long Range Planning (1999). Sanchez, Ron. Modular architectures, knowledge assets, and organizational learning: New management processes for product creation, forthcoming in International Journal of Technology Management (1999). Paper in Conference Proceedings (not yet published elsewhere): Sanchez, Ron (1994). Towards a science of strategic product design, Proceedings of the Second International Product Development Management Conference on New Approaches to Development and Engineering, May 30-31, 1994, European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management, Brussels. 109

Chapters in Books: Sanchez, Ron (1995). Integrating technology strategy and marketing strategy, pp. 337-363 in Strategic Integration, H. Thomas and D. O'Neal, editors, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Sanchez, Ron (1996). Quick-connect technologies for product creation: Implications for competence-based competition, pp. 299-322 in Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition, R. Sanchez, A. Heene, and H. Thomas, editors, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Sanchez, Ron (1997). Managing articulated knowledge in competence-based competition, pp. 163-187 in Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management, R. Sanchez and A. Heene, editors, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Sanchez, Ron (forthcoming). Product and process architectures in the management of knowledge resources, in Technology, Resources, and Strategy, P. Robertson and N. Foss, editors, London: Routledge, forthcoming late 1999. Sanchez, Ron (forthcoming). Resources, dynamic capabilities, and competences: Building blocks of integrative strategy theory, in New Directions in Strategy: Beyond Fragmentation, Tom Elfring and Henk Volberda, editors, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, forthcoming late 1999. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene (1996). A systems view of the firm in competence-based competition, pp. 39-62 in Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition,R. Sanchez, A. Heene, and H. Thomas, editors, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene (1996). Competence-based strategic management: Concepts and issues for theory, research, and practice, pp. 3-42 in Competence-Based Strategic Management, A. Heene and R. Sanchez, editors, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Sanchez, Ron, and Aimé Heene (1997). A competence perspective on strategic learning and knowledge management, pp. 3-18 in Strategic Learning and Knowledge Management, R. Sanchez and A. Heene, editors, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Sanchez, Ron, and Joseph T. Mahoney (forthcoming). Modularity and dynamic capabilities, in New Directions in Strategy: Beyond Fragmentation, Tom Elfring and Henk Volberda, editors, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, forthcoming 1999. Sanchez, Ron, and Howard Thomas (1996). "Strategic goals," pp. 63-84 in Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition, R. Sanchez, A. Heene, and H. Thomas, editors, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Sanchez, Ron, Aimé Heene, and Howard Thomas (1996). Towards the theory and practice of competence-based competition, pp. 1-36 in Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition, R. Sanchez, A. Heene, and H. Thomas, editors, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Chapters in Books (continued): 110

Mahoney, Joseph T., and Ron Sanchez (1997) "Competence theory building: Reconnecting management research and management practice," pp. 43-64 in Competencebased Strategic Management, R. Sanchez and A. Heene, editors, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Gorman, Philip, Howard Thomas, and Ron Sanchez (1996). "Industry dynamics in competence-based competition," in Dynamics of Competence-Based Competition, R. Sanchez, A. Heene, and H. Thomas, editors, Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon. Conference Activities Co-organizer of the Fourth International Conference on Competence-Based Management, Norwegian School of Management, Oslo, Norway, June 18-20, 1998. Conference co-organizer and program chair for Third International Conference on Competence-Based Competition, sponsored by Strategic Management Society and European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management (EIASM), Gent, Belgium, November 1995. Conference co-organizer and program chair for Second International Conferenceon Competence-Based Competition, sponsored by the European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management (EIASM), Brussels, Belgium, November 1993. Numerous paper presentations and participation in panels at meetings of the Academy of Management, Strategic Management Society, INFORMS, and the European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management. 111

Curriculum Vitae: Finn Valentin Born: 1947 Office: Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6th floor 1366 Copenhagen K Denmark. Phone: + 45 3815 2551 Fax: + 45 3815 2540 E-mail: valentin@cbs.dk Home: Østergade 28, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Current and Past Positions: Current: Associate professor at Department of Industrial Economics and (since 1984) Strategy, Copenhagen Business School. Past: 1980-84 Associate professor at the Institute of Sociology of Culture, Copenhagen University. 1979-80 Consultant to the Government's Low Income Commission.(On leave from Copenhagen University) 1976-79 Assistant professor (adjunkt) at the Institute of Sociology of Culture, Copenhagen University. 1974-76 Assistant professor (ext. lektor) at Institute of Political Science, Copenhagen University Educational Background: 1974 Mag. scient. in Sociology1, Copenhagen University (1974) 1972 Minors degree in Philosophy of Science, Institute of Philosophy, Copenhagen University (1972) Teaching Interests and Experience: Management of study programmes 1993 Program director of the two-year post-graduate degree in Management -97 of Technology, Copenhagen Business School (current, since 1993). Responsible for teaching and establishing the following courses 1998 Established the CBS 3-months module on Innovation management as part of the MBA degree in technology Management (MMT) offered by 1 Prior to the current ph.d. system, Danish Universitites in a few disciplines (such as Sociology) awarded a research oriented Magister degree without a ph.d. sequel. 112

Current and since 1987: Current: The Danish Technical University. Graduate courses at CBS in - Sociology and economics of innovation and technical change. - Technology strategy, development of firms. Supervision of Ph.D.s in the field of sociology and economics of innovation and technical change. 1984-85: Comparative political economy, undergraduate course CBS, (SPRØK) 1976-84: Graduate courses at Copenhagen University - The political economy of industrial development. - The political economy of Japan. - Class and politics in modern societies 1974-76 Undergraduate courses at Copenhagen University - political science - philosophy of the sciences Research Interests and Ongoing Research Projects: The economics and sociology of technological change and R&D. In recent years focus has been on inter-organisational issues relating to collaborative R&D and to the R&D-function within multinational enterprises. (Se attached note on three current projects) Management of Research Units, Teams and Programs 1994-95 Director of project on the impact of gobalisation on Danish Industry. Project team from three Danish universities, sponsored by the Ministry of Industry (Velfærdskommissionen) 1992-93 Chairman of the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1991-93 Co-ordinator of comparative project on collaborative industrial R&D in six European Countries (EU, Spear/Monitor Programme) 1988-89 Chairman of the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1985-90 Co-director (with Jens Frøslev Christensen) of a large scale empirical study on industrial innovation in Danish SMEs, jointly funded by the The Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Industry. 1983-84 Chairman of the Institute of Sociology of Culture, Copenhagen University. Participation in Research Programs: 1995- DRUID (Danish Research Unit on Industrial Dynamics). Funded by 2000 The Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministery of Industry 1994-99 CISTEMA (Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Technology Management) Funded by The Danish Social Science Research Council. 113

1985-90 Co-director (with Jens Frøslev Christensen) of a large scale empirical study on industrial innovation in Danish SMEs, jointly funded by the The Danish Social Science Research Council and the Ministry of Industry. Committee Assignments: 1995-97 Vice-chairman of The Danish Social Science Research Council Current, since 1996 Member of board of the Danish Building Research Institute (SBI) 1995 Chairman of committee on sociology, anthropology and planning in The Danish Social Science Research Council Current, since 1994 Member of The Danish Social Science Research Council 1993-98 One of three members of the board of the CISTEMA. 1992-93 Chairman of the Department of Industrial Research and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1988-89 Chairman of the Department of Industrial Research and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School 1983-84 Chairman of the Institute of Sociology of Culture, Copenhagen University. 1982-83 Invited as visiting scholar by Harvard University, Center for European Studies. 1978-80 Member of the board of the Scandinavian Sociological Association 1978-80 Co-editor of ACTA SOCIOLOGICA. Member of the board of the Scandinavian Sociological Association. 1977-80 Member of the board of the Danish Sociological Association Consultant to: A number of assignments as consultant to the Danish government, primarily the Ministry of Industry (The minsitry itself, Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen), Ministry of Research, Ministry of Labour and to the EC Commission, DG XII. Publications: Books Assessment of Unido - Capacity Development for Sustainable Industrial Development under Changed Conditions. (with Martinussen, J. et al) Ministery of Foreign Affairs, Danida ref. No. 73. C.108.a. May 1997 114

The Relationship between Research and Development in EU Projects. EUR 16962. Luxembourg: European Commission 1998. 45 p. (Vol. III i forfatterens rapport serie: The Impact of EC-Programmes on R&D Decision Making: Survey of Sample of Industrial Participants, I-III) Strategiske virksomhedsrelationer - Globaliseringens betydning for teknologisk viden og udvikling i Dansk industri (with P. Andersen et al) Velfærdskommissionen. Copenhagen 1995. Fjernøsten - en udfordring for danske virksomheder (with J.Martinussen et al). Industri- og Samordningsministeriet. Copenhagen 1994. The Impact of EC-Programmes on R&D Decision Making: Survey of a Sample of Industrial Participants. Vol. I: Preliminary Findings (EUR 15233/1). Commission of the European Communities. Monitor/Spear: Research Evaluation. Brussels/Luxembourg 1994. The Impact of EC-Programmes on R&D Decision Making: Survey of a Sample of Industrial Participants. Vol. II: Methodology and Profiles of Projects and Companies (EUR 15233/2). Commission of the European Communities. Monitor/Spear: Research Evaluation. Brussels/Luxembourg 1994. Udenlandsk ejet industri i Danmark - virksomhedsprofiler og udviklingsmønstre (with T. Pedersen). Industri og Handelsstyrelsen 1993 The Links between Research and Technology Development and Direct Foreign Investment In Denmark's Less Favoured Regions. Report to The Commission of the European Communities DG XII. 1992. Internationalisering og erhvervsudvikling (with B. Dalum et all). Industri og Handelsstyrelsen.Copenhagen 1991. Når virksomheder lærer - Innovation og videnudvikling i mellemstore virksomheder. Report II, The Dynamic Specialisation Project. IESF/HHK 1990. Innovationer i mellemstore virksomheder (with J. F. Christensen et al). Report I, The Dynamic Specialisation Project. IESF/HHK 1990. Fordelingen af påvirkningsmuligheder. Lavindkomstkommissionen. København 1980. Statsudgifter og kapitalistisk reproduktion. Edited with Klaus Nielsen. Copenhagen 1978. Articles in Journals "Effekten af udenlandske opkøb på udviklingen af danske virksomheder". Økonomi og Politik (with T. Pedersen). Copenhagen 1995. "Lokomotiver skal trække hjemlige vogne med" (with B.Dalum) Finans og Samfund 1991:4. "Corporatism and the Danish Welfare State". Acta Sociologica. Supplement, 1978 115

"Projekt Dynamisk Specialisering. Produktinnovation i små og mellemstore virksomheder". (With Christensen, J.F.) Dansk Sociologi. 1991:3. 4 s. "Studenterbevægelsens politiske og teoretiske udvikling i Danmark" (with P. Rasmussen and N.K. Steensberg). Häften för Kritiske Studier 1977 nr. 2-3. "Politik og ulighed" i Tidens Stemme, October 1982. "Brud og reproduktion af samfundsmæssige magtforhold - dansk erhvervspolitik som eksempel". Økonomi og Politik 1980/4. Essays in books "The Impact of Foreign Acquisition on the Evolution of Danish Firms - A Competencebased Perspective" (with T. Pedersen. In N.J. Foss and C. Knudsen, (eds.). Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm. London and New York : Routledge 1996, 150-174 pp. "Technology Transfer from Networks and Public Research to Innovative SMEs: The Hidden Costs of Stretching Learning Domains". In O' Doherty, D. (red.) Globalization, Networking and Small Firm Innovation. Graham and Troutman, London 1995 "Dansk industri og de fjernøstlige vækstøkonomier: Strategier og erfaringer fra udvalgte danske virksomheder" (25 s.). In Martinussen, J. et al. Fjernøsten - en udfordring for danske virksomheder. Industri- og Samordningsministeriet 1994. "Virksomhedens videnressourcer". In Kreiner, K. and Mouritsen, J. (eds.) Teknologi og virksomhedsudvikling. Copenhagen, Samfundslitteratur, 1992. "Globale virksomheder versus national erhvervsudvikling" (with Dalum, B. m. fl.) Økonomi og Politik 1991:3. "Porter og den erhvervspolitiske debat" ( with Dalum B. m. fl.) Samfundsøkonomen 1991:7. "When Companies Learn - Innovations and the Generation of Knowledge" i Borum, F. (ed.): Technological Innovation and Organizational Change. Copenhagen 1990 "Technology Strategy and Product Innovation in Small-scale Industry" (with J. F. Christensen ) in Technology Management. Geneve 1988. "Andrew Shonfield" i H.S rensen og S.Fiveldal (red.), Fra Marx til Habermas. Copenhagen 1986 "Det industripolitiske styringsproblem" i S. Bislev og I. Dybdal (eds.), Samfundsplanlægning II: Krise, arbejdsløshed og stat. DJ F's forlag 1984. Selfmanagement - strategy for autonomy or integration?" i T.Burns et al (eds.), Work and Power. London 1980. 116

Blandingsøkonomiens modsigelser in Statsudgifter og kapitalistisk reproduktion. K. Nielsen and F.Valentin (eds). Copenhagen 1978 Nogle teorier om forholdet mellem stat og kapital og deres indplacering af spørgsmålet om statsudgifterne. In Statsudgifter og kapitalistisk reproduktion. K. Nielsen and F.Valentin (eds). Copenhagen 1978. "Magt- og interessestrukturer - en sociologisk replik til en aktuel utopi", in Teknologi, arbejdsløshed og magtstrukturer. Dansk Sociologforening, København 1978. "Interessestrukturen i det danske borgerskab" in Dansk Sociologiforening, Sociologiske perspektiver. Copenhagen 1977. Conference Proceedings, Working Papers Knowledge and Uncertainty in R&D. Does inter-firm collaboration make a difference in Proceedings from The 8 th International Conference on Management of Technology, IAMOT 1999. Cairo, March 15-17, 1999. "Co-ordinating Science and Technology" with Husted, K.Working Paper, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, 1994. "Patterns of R&D Activities in Collaborative Projects". Artikel præsenteret på konferencen:"management of Collaborative European Programmes and Projects in Research Education and Training". Arranged by Department for Continuing Education, Oxford University and BIT, Wiener. Oxford, 10-13 April 1994. Published as a CISTEMA working paper "Technology Transfer from Networks and Public Research to Innovative Smells: The Hidden Costs of Stretching Learning Domains". Præsenteret på National Networks to Global Links. The Spring Conference of the Six Countries Programme on Innovation. Arranged by EOLAS, Dublin, Irland. 21-22 June 1993., "The Science- Industry Interface and the Knowledge-Base of Companies". Fremlagt på den internationale workshop, "Interdisciplinary Approaches to Innovation Based on the Creation, Diffusion and Exploitation of Organizational Knowledge". Arranged by The National Institute of Science and Technology Policy, Japan. Tsukuba 21-23/3 1993. "The Impact of EC Programmes on Company R&D". Præsenteret på konferencen: Managing R&D Internationally. Manchester Business School, July 7-8th 1992 Danske Virksomheder i internationalt F&U-samarbejde: Deltagelsen i EF-programmer:Virksomheds- og projektprofiler. Report presented to Erhvervsudviklingsrådet, April 1993 "Continuities and Discontinuities in the Accumulation of Knowledge in Advanced Smallscale Industry". Artikel til konferencen om "Process of Knowledge Accumulation and the Formulation of Technology Strategy". Røsnæs 20.-23. maj 1990. Observationer fra en spørgeskemaundersøgelse (with J. F. Christensen et al). Working Paper, The Dynamic Specialisation Project. IESF/HHK 1987. 117

Dynamisk specialisering og erhvervssystemets udviklingskompetencer (Project Presentation) (with J. F. Christensen) IESF/HHK 1986. Innovation og specialisering. Nogle problemer og tilgange i hidtidig forskning. IESF/HHK 1986 Erhverv og politik - samspil og omstilling. Working Paper IESF/. 1985 "Industrial Policies - Industrial Performance". Paper præsenteret ved kolloquium i Firenze, nov.1983, arrangeret af European Group of Organizational Studies "Haves: Institut - ønskes: Målsætning" i.h.christensen og H.Jacob (red.), Kultursociologi i 80'erne. Copenhagen 1982. Dansk landbrug og landbrugspolitik i 1970'erne - forholdet mellem statsinterventioner og interessestruktur. Working Paper, Institut for Kultursociologi. Københavns Universitet 1977 118

Per Vejrup-Hansen Associate Professor Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy Copenhagen Business School Nansensgade 19, 6. floor DK-1366 Copenhagen e-mail: vejrup@cbs.dk Degrees: M.Sc.(Econ.) (cand. polit.) Research areas: 1. Empirical labor market studies, 2. Demography of establishments. Teaching and administration: Taught courses in descriptive economics and statistics, and labour economics / personnel economics. DATE OF BIRTH - March 24, 1948 EMPLOYMENT RECORD - Statistician at the Statistical Bureau of Denmark, 1976-79 (register-based population and vital statistics). - Research fellow at the Danish National Institute of Social Research, 1980-86 (labour market research). - Since February 1986 associate professor in descriptive economics at the Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy, Copenhagen Business School. 1988-90 partly on leave to develop and construct the IDA-database (Integrated database for labour market research) at the Statistical Bureau of Denmark. A forerunner of the IDAdatabase was developed in 1983-84 by Per Vejrup-Hansen. PUBLICATION LIST: 1. "En kritik af Myrdals syn på objektivitetsproblemet i samfundsvidenskaben", Økonomi og Politik, nr. 1, 1972, s. 22-34. 2. "Om Jon Elster: Nytt perspektiv på økonomisk historie", Tidskrift for Politisk Økonomi, nr. 3/4, 1973, s. 7-25. 3. "En kommentar til PP II", Tidskrift for Politisk Økonomi, nr. 2, 1974, s. 6-31 (sammen med Helge Brink, Carsten Koch og Michael Kvetny). 4. "Materialistisk historieopfattelse og økonomisk historie". Afhandling (stor opgave) til det statsvidenskabelige studium, marts 1974. 119

5. "Consensual Unions in Denmark. Numbers, Causes and Consequences". Paper til Verdensbefolkningsunionens konference i Helsingfors, august 1978. 6. "Pensioner og tilbagetrækning indtil år 2000". Socialforskningsinstitutttets meddelelse 28, København 1980 (sammen med Henning Friis). Denne rapport har sammen med rapporter fra fire andre lande dannet baggrund for Sara E. Rix & Paul Fisher: "Retirement-Age Policy. An International Perspective", New York: Pergamon Press, 1982. 7. "Retirement from Work", Danish Medical Bulletin, March 1982, p. 106-109 (sammen med Henning Friis). 8. "Lønforskelle, lønpolitik og beskæftigelse i 1970'erne". Arbejdsløshedsundersøgelserne 4. Socialforskningsinstituttets publikation 111, København 1982. (Anmeldt i Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift, 1983, nr. 2, s. 290 ff, samt i Økonomi og Politik, 1983, nr. 3, s. 251 f). 9. "Ligeløn, konjunkturudvikling og kvindebeskæftigelsen i 1970'erne". I: Udvalget vedrørende arbejdsløshedsforskning, Statens samfundsvidenskabelige Forskningsråd (udg.): "Arbejdsløshedsforskning I. Arbejdsløshedens struktur og konsekvenser", Aalborg Universitetsforlag 1983, s. 129-143. 10. "Arbejdsmarked og arbejdskraftefterspørgsel. Nogle amerikanske forskningserfaringer", i Arbejds- og undervisningsministerierne (udg.): "Arbejdsløshed - årsager, virkninger, bekæmpelse", København 1983, s. 19-32. 11. "Tilpasninger til en arbejdstidsnedsættelse på virksomhedsplan", i Nyt fra arbejdsløshedsforskningen (SSF), 4. årgang, nr. 1, marts 1985, s. 19-25. 12. "Arbejdskraftbevægelser og beskæftigelse". Socialforskningsinstituttets publikation 149, København 1985. 13. "Registerdata og databaser i samfundsforskning - nogle projekterfaringer", Samfundsøkonomen, nr. 2, 1986, s. 25-32. 14. "Arbejdskraftbevægelser og beskæftigelse", i Arbejdsministeriet (udg.): "Dynamik, Kvinder, Mobilitet, Teknologi, Marked. Forskningsrapport 1984-85", København 1986, s. 107-123. 15. Medforfatter til Kim Møller (red.): "Perspektiver for teknologi og arbejdsmarked i Danmark", Center for Alternativ Samfundsanalyse, 1986 (stencileret). 16. "Kompendium i praktisk statistik for erhvervsøkonomer", Samfundslitteratur 1987. 17. "De unges særlige beskæftigelsesproblemer", i Finn Kenneth Hansen og Inge Mærkedal (red.): "Udstødning og udstødningsmekanismer", Socialforskningsinstituttet, København 1987, s. 76-83. 120

18. "Turnover and Employment Among Youth: Causes of the Particular Problems of Youth Employment", i P.J. Pedersen og R. Lund (eds.): "Unemployment: Theory, Policy and Structure", Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin-New York, 1987. 19. "Turnover and Employment Among Youth". Indlæg ved EF-seminar: European Research, The Young Confronted with Employment, Marseille, september 1987. 20. "Register-based Data and New Models in Empirical Research", Scandinavian Population Studies, nr. 8, 1988, s. 201-208. 21. "Possible Employment Effects of the Creation of the Internal Market: Country Report Denmark". Rapport til EF-Kommissionen, 1987 (sammen med Lars Christensen, Kim Møller og Jens Erik Torp). 22. "Personaleplanlægning i virksomheder. Et litteraturstudie om erfaringer i andre lande". Forskningsnote 88-2 fra Institut for Erhvervs- og Samfundsforskning, Handelshøjskolen i København, 1988 (sammen med Peter Plougmann). 23. "Personaleplanlægning i Praksis. Erfaringer fra USA og Vesttyskland", Samfundslitteratur, København 1989 (sammen med Peter Plougmann). Forlagsudgivelse af publ. nr. 22. 24. "Virksomheders identitet over tid. Begreber og operationalisering". Paper om IDAdatabasen til seminar på Aalborg Universitetscenter, oktober 1988. 25. "Afgiftsharmonisering i EF's indre marked og fordelingsmæssige konsekvenser", Center for Alternativ Samfundsanalyse, april 1989, 40 sider, stencileret (sammen med Henning Hansen). Udgivet i forkortet version som særnummer af Social Rapport, juni 1989. 26. "IDA-databasen: Nye registerdata og arbejdsmarkedsforskning". I: Det 18. Nordiske Statistikermötet i Esbo 1989, Nordisk Statistisk Skriftserie, nr. 53, Helsingfors 1990, s. 228-235. 27. "The Danish IDA-database: New Register-based Data for Labour Market Research and Life-cycle Analyses of Establishments". Oplæg til 11. møde i OECD's Working Party on Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Paris, januar 1990. (Overvejende en engelsksproget udgave af publ. nr. 26). 28. "Fiscal/Taxation Policy". I Lise Lyck (ed.): Denmark and EC membership evaluated. London og New York: Pinter Publishers/St. Martin's Press, 1992. Ch. 17. 29. "Manpower: structural problems of the labour market". I Lise Lyck (ed.): Denmark and EC membership evaluated. London og New York: Pinter Publishers/St. Martin's Press, 1992. Ch. 21. 30. "IDA - en integreret database for arbejdsmarkedsforskning. Hovedrapport". Danmarks Statistik, København 1991 (sammen med Ruth Emerek og Søren Leth-Sørensen). 121

31. "Virksomheders identitet over tid. Begrebsdannelse og operationalisering". Rapport fra IDA-projektet. Arbejdsnotat nr. 29, Danmarks Statistik, København 1991. 32. "IDA er født!". Kræmmerhuset, nr. 5, maj 1991. 33. "Kompendium i praktisk statistik for erhvervsøkonomer", 2. udgave. København: Samfundslitteratur 1991. 34. "Findes der en 18-årseffekt?". Samfundsøkonomen, 1992:3, s. 10-13. (stencileret, udvidet udgave: Inst. for Erhvervs- og Samfundsforskning, HHK, oktober 1991, 15 s.). 35. "Lønstruktur og ledighedsforskelle". Økonomisk Bulletin, nr. 18, september 1992, s. 11-16. 36. "Virksomhedsdemografi: Overlevelse og vækst i nye virksomheder". Samfundsøkonomen, marts 1993:2, s. 21-28. 37. "Arbejdsmarkedsanalyser med IDA: Virksomhedssiden". I: Arbejdsministeriet (udg.): Arbejdsmarkedspolitisk Årbog 1993, København 1993, s. 147-153. 38. "Omfanget af jobåbninger på det danske arbejdsmarked". Forskningsrapport, Institut for Erhvervs- og Samfundsforskning, Handelshøjskolen i København, marts 1994, 59 sider (sammen med Ninette Pilegaard Hansen). 39. "Job creation and job destruction among occupational groups: differentials in job stability and cyclical sensitivity". Paper to Conference on Demand for Labour, Sandbjerg Manor, Sønderborg, Denmark 21-23 June, 1995. 40. "Jobomsætning og forskelle i beskæftigelsesstabilitet og konjunkturfølsomhed blandt grupper på arbejdsmarkedet". Arbejdsnotat, Institut for Erhvervs- og Samfundsforskning, Handelshøjskolen i København, 1995, publikation nr. 95-11. 132 sider. 41. "Joboprettelser og jobnedlæggelser blandt forskellige faggrupper". I: Arbejdsministeriet (udg.): Arbejdsmarkedspolitisk Årbog 1995, København 1995, s. 103-111. 42. Praktisk statistik for erhvervsøkonomer. Samfundslitteratur 1996. 109 sider. 43. Mobilitet og fleksibilitet på det danske arbejdsmarked. Indlæg ved Nordisk seminar om arbejdsmarked og mobilitet, november 1997 i Oslo. Publiceres i årsskriftet Arbejdsmarked og arbejdsmarkedspolitik i Norden. 44. Jobomsætning, jobstabilitet og ledighed. En empirisk undersøgelse af arbejdsmarkedets efterspørgselsside. Upubliceret afhandling, februar 1998. 45. The effect of job destruction on worker mobility and unemployment. Paper til International Symposium on Linked Employer-Employee Data, maj 1998 i Washington, D.C. 122

46. Tilbagetrækning på arbejdsmarkedet en oversigt over faktorer. Samfundsøkonomen, februar 1999:1 (Kronik i dagbladet Aktuelt 8. april 1999: Ønsker om mere fritid ) 47. Firm growth from a knowledge structure perspective, with Keld Laursen and Volker Mahnke. Paper presented at DRUID s Summer Conference on National Innovation Systems, Industrial Dynamics and Innovation Policy, June 1999. 123

Curriculum vitae Gert Villumsen 1973-1974 Studies at Århus University, Institute for Political Science. 1974-1979 Studies at Aalborg University. MA in Economics. 1979-1981 Research Assistant at the project 'Technology development and technology choice in a National System of Innovation.' 1981-1982 Research assistant at the project 'The international specialisation and integration of the Nordic countries since 1945'. 1982- Research Librarian at Aalborg University Library. 1988- External lecturer at Department for Business Studies, Aalborg University. Member of the IKE-group. 124

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