Rediscovery of Two Federally Listed Rare Plant Species in New York

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Rediscovery of Two Federally Listed Rare Plant Species in New York Beverly Simone Kimberly J. Smith, NY Natural Heritage Program and NYS Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation and Steve Young, NY Natural Heritage Program Northeast Natural History Conference 2011 New York Natural Heritage Program

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Federally Endangered Last recorded in New York in 1900 Steve Young

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Conservation Status NatureServe Explorer 2011

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Rarity/Conservation Status 113 extant populations Surveys in NY: 1995 53 wetlands surveyed in northeast NY BONAP 2010 2009-2010 - new effort focused mainly on the southern tier

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) 2009-2010 Study OBJECTIVES: Conduct habitat analysis to identify natural wetlands in New York that are most likely to provide habitat for S. ancistrochaetus Survey selected wetlands to determine if S. ancistrochaetus still occurs in New York

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) 2009-2010 Study METHODS: Gather information from other states, primarily PA Analyze maps (topographic, geology, soils, National Wetland Inventory (NWI), aerial photos) Survey selected wetlands to determine if S. ancistrochaetus still occurs in New York

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Identification Is this it? Steve Young

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Identification Dark scales Bulblets at nodes Stems decumbent and rooting in mud Arching rays Achenes have stiff bristles with large, retrorse barbs Fruiting late springearly summer

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Habitat Steve Young Small, open, isolated wetlands Sandstone or sand substrate Fluctuating water levels

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Site Analysis

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Site Analysis

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Site Analysis

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) 2009-2010 Study RESULTS: Southern tier: 18 wetlands surveyed, 12 with good habitat Shawangunks and Adirondacks: 19 sites surveyed, 5 with good habitat 1 population found! Steve Young

Scirpus ancistrochaetus (northeastern bulrush) Threats Habitat loss and alteration Alteration of hydrologic regimes Change in forest species composition and disturbance regimes Herbivory Limited genetic diversity

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Federally Threatened Last recorded in New York in 1976 K. Smith

I. medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Allan Cressler I. verticillata (large whorled pogonia)

I. medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) K. Smith K. Smith I. verticillata (large whorled pogonia)

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Conservation Status NatureServe Explorer 2011

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Conservation Status 150 extant populations, 90 historical 22 eastern states and Ontario BONAP 2010

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) 2010 Survey Efforts OBJECTIVES: Fully document newly discovered population including: Population assessment Habitat characterization Protection needs Identify and survey lands with potential habitat in nearby areas

Isotria medeoloides Isotria medeoloides (small whorled whorled pogonia) pogonia) 2010 2010 Survey Efforts METHODS: Gather information from other states and current and historical sites in NY Analyze maps (topography, geology, soils, forest type, aerial photos) Survey selected sites for Isotria medeoloides Nature.nps.gov

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Habitat K. Smith Acidic sandy loams with impervious pan layer 11-17% slope or at base of slope Along microdrainages Mid-successional hardwood or mixed forest Decaying woody debris Canopy gaps and openings

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) 2010 Survey Efforts

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) 2010 Survey Efforts Habitat characterization: Forest type Associated species Topography Geology/Soils Slope Canopy openness K. Smith

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) 2010 Survey Efforts Arnot Complex soils in Orange County

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) 2010 Survey Efforts RESULTS: 5 sites surveyed No new populations found FUTURE WORK: 4 site visits in 2011 Revisit historical locations Roanoke.com Analyzing habitat characteristics of sites throughout its range Protect extant population

Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Threats Habitat loss and alteration Herbivory Gerald S. Williams Limited genetic diversity Changes to forest structure Trampling and collection Jesse Jaycox

Summary Two species considered historical or extirpated were rediscovered Knowledge of rare species is related to survey effort Identification and documentation necessary for protection Still many unknowns in New York s flora

Support from: New York Natural Heritage Program New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acknowledgements: Rich Ring, Rob Naczi, David Werier, Steve Daniels, Jesse Jaycox New York Natural Heritage Program