I. Introduction Inspection and Testing Program Fire Protection Equipment State of Minnesota Emergencies seldom give warning before they strike. Thus, it is essential that fire protection equipment be inspected, tested, and maintained to be certain it is operable at all times. Management, therefore, should establish an effective equipment inspection program. A. Statement of Problem Fire protection equipment, like all other equipment, deteriorates with time. It is also vulnerable to external influences such as corrosive environments, tampering, accidental damage, and careless use. Further, since fire protection equipment is used infrequently, it must be inspected and tested regularly to prove its reliability and operability. It is far better to detect an unsatisfactory condition prior to an emergency than it is to discover it during the emergency. B. Action Plan A fire protection equipment inspection is intended to determine equipment operability and should be performed as outlined in this section. In order to set up an effective program, management shall: 1. Appoint a qualified individual to monitor the program and report to management. 2. Select and train individuals with appropriate mechanical aptitude to conduct the inspections and tests of fire protection equipment. 3. Initiate a complete survey of the facility's fire protection equipment for the purpose of developing a customized inspection report form. Examples of forms are attached. 4. Establish effective procedures for reviewing the inspection reports. 5. Initiate prompt action to correct any noted deficiencies. 6. Establish contacts with sprinkler contractors for periodic testing and emergency maintenance of fire protection equipment. S:\RISK\WP\Gay\Web Site RMD\Source Documents\FireProtectionTesting2_2005.doc 1
State of Minnesota C. Background Once the qualified persons are selected, it is important that they be properly trained. This training should include the following features: 1. Review of existing protection equipment and its maintenance, operation, and testing techniques, and familiarization with installed fire protection equipment. 2. Making copies of manufacturers' instruction manuals and other data available in a centralized training file. II. Elements of an Effective Self-Inspection Program A. Trained Staff Designated to Establish and Implement the Program The responsibility for supervision of fire protection systems rests with the Facilities Manager and designated personnel responsible for the equipment. Employees responsible for system supervision should be familiar with fire protection equipment and know how to operate equipment during an emergency (verify necessary sprinkler control valves are open in the fire area, know how to start and maintain fire pumps, etc.). If your facility has several sprinkler systems, it is important that an up-to-date sketch be maintained showing the location of sprinkler control valves. Proper inspection records should be maintained. Alternate personnel should be available to make fire prevention inspections when the designated individual is ill or on vacation. Local management should support prompt repair of equipment when deficiencies are noted. If maintenance staff is not available and the services of a contractor are to be used to perform maintenance and tests, the contractor should furnish a written report. The report should include completed self-inspection forms. An employee should accompany the contractor during the test to become familiar with the equipment in the event equipment must be operated during an emergency. B. Locking Sprinkler Control Valves All fire protection system control valves shall be locked in the open position. Locks and chains should be sturdy and resistant to breakage, except by heavy bolt cutters. Breakaway and combination locks shall not be used. Distribution of keys should be kept to a minimum and keys should be restricted to only those directly responsible for maintaining the fire protection systems. C. Self-Inspection Forms Since the number, type, and complexity of fire protection systems will vary depending on the size of your facility, customized self-inspection forms are needed for sprinkler S:\RISK\WP\Gay\Web Site RMD\Source Documents\FireProtectionTesting2_2005.doc 2
State of Minnesota control valves, portable fire extinguishers, fire pumps, dry pipe valves, etc. Such forms not only serve as a guide for conducting inspections, but also provide a method of proper record keeping. The inspector should carry the form and use it as a checklist. It should be filled in as rounds are made, not after the completion of an inspection. A sample form is provided at the end of this section. D. Marking and Identification of Equipment Sprinkler control valves should be numbered for inspection and identification purposes. The number listed on the valve should correspond with the number on the inspection form and fire diagram. Valves should be plainly marked with the direction to open. If not marked by the manufacturer, a sign should be posted near the valve indicating direction to open. If underground curb box valves are used, a T wrench should be provided near the valve with a sign indicating location of the valve. E. Frequency of Inspection The frequency of inspection of fire protection equipment depends on numerous factors. For example, dry pipe systems should be checked daily in the winter; but less frequent checks would be acceptable in the summer. The recommended frequency for testing and maintenance of critical sprinkler system components appears on the attached schedule. S:\RISK\WP\Gay\Web Site RMD\Source Documents\FireProtectionTesting2_2005.doc 3
State of Minnesota Fire Protection Testing and Inspection Schedule Valves All fire protection control valves (OSY - PIV - Butterfly) shall be locked and chained in the open position. All valves shall be visually inspected on a monthly basis to show they are open and are not blocked. All valves shall be exercised. Manually close and manually reopen every 6 months. Lubricate as needed. Fire Pump All fire pumps shall be started weekly by drop of pressure and allowed to run for five minutes before placing back in automatic position (churn test). All fire pumps shall be tested annually with a full flow test measuring waterflow and pressure. (Qualified sprinkler company should perform the test). Test results should be kept on file for review. Alarms: The following testing frequency shall be used for alarms: Waterflow Valve Tamper Low Air Pump Running Electric Power to Pump (Electric Pump) Detectors (Smoke and Heat) Quarterly Quarterly Quarterly Weekly Monthly Annually Dry Pipe Valves FM-200 Anti-Freeze Concentration Outside Local Waterflow Alarms All dry pipe valves shall be tripped annually, with test results kept on file for review. Annual contractor service Annual test Quarterly S:\RISK\WP\Gay\Web Site RMD\Source Documents\FireProtectionTesting2_2005.doc 4
State of Minnesota Fire Protection Testing and Inspection Schedule Private Hydrant and Underground Flush Annual flush shall be performed. Extinguishers Visually check monthly each extinguisher to confirm they are charged, in place, and not blocked. Annual service by qualified extinguisher company. Inside Hose Connections Visually check monthly to confirm they are in place and not blocked. Automatic Sprinkler Systems Contract with qualified sprinkler contractor for annual service and testing program. 2-inch Drain Test Quarterly test of 2-inch drain on all risers. Record both static and residual pressures with valve completely open. Note: Cold weather may dictate this test be postponed due to creating icy conditions outside building near drainpipe. However, test sheet must be noted that test was not completed due to cold weather. Hydrants Monthly visual check for accessibility and condition. S:\RISK\WP\Gay\Web Site RMD\Source Documents\FireProtectionTesting2_2005.doc 5