Danish State-of-Art on Micro and Macro Algae

Danish State-of-Art on Micro and Macro Algae Lars Nikolaisen, B.Sc. (Mech.Eng.) Danish Technological Institute. Ditte B.Tørring, MSc. Danish Shellfish Centre Annette Bruhn, Ph.D. Aarhus University Bodil Pallesen, Ph.D. AgroTech Hans Porse 15 th of November 2012. 3 rd Workshop in Nordic Algae Network Ås, Norway e-mail: LSN@teknologisk.dk

Selected Danish activities in the algae field R&D: Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus University, Ocean Centre Denmark, AlgeCenter Danmark, Algae Innovation Centre (Poul Madsen), DTU, University of Southern Denmark, AgroTech. More R&D are ongoing. Projects: Ulva lactuca for Energy, Algae for Biogas, Macro Algae Biorefinery, New Ingrediense and Green Energy, Indo-Danish Algae project, Waste Water Treatment with Macro and Micro algae and others. Industries: BlueFood (Rasmus Bjerregård), ORBICON A/S, Jens Møller Products APS, DuPont, CPKelco, Fermentationexperts A/S, Novozymes, Aller Aqua A/S, Eurogum A/S and others Networks: The Danish Seaweed Network (Susan L. Holdt), Nordic Algae Network (DTI), Business Network (Ocean Centre, Lone Kalstrup)

AlgaeCenter Denmark Four partners: Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus University, Ocean Centre Denmark, The Kattegatcentre

Danish Shellfish Centre (DSC) - Nonprofit Company (2002 2012) - Main Activities: Research Projects - 2013 DTU Aqua (integration) Hatcheries Production Education and Facility and partner (European Oysters (Blue Mussels) information (public, and Lobsters) high schools etc.) www.skaldyrcenter.dk

Macro- and microalgae activities (DSC) Research Project De lokale Dyder (2011-2013) (Finansiering: Fornyelsesfonden + Vækstforum) -WP 5: Growth of Laminaria latissima and Palmaria palmata in Limfjorden (Small scale description and analyses) Research Project MAB III (2012-2016) (Finansiering: DSF) - WP1: Production of Laminaria latissima and Laminaria digitata in Limfjorden (larger scale delivery) Micro algae production (2002 present) - Feed for shellfish hatchery - Sale (small scale) - Project partner in micro algae projects www.skaldyrcenter.dk

Used for: E X T R A C T I O N I N D U S T R I E S Gelling agents mainly for food applications Company: Name/ when operating: Extract(s) / Seaweed(s): Litex (FMC), Vallensbæk 1942 2008 Algadan, Frederikshavn 1943 1967 Furcellaran/Furcellaria from Denmark Carrageenan/Chondrus-Eucheuma-Gigartina from Canada SE Asia-Chile (1960 s 2008) Furcellaran/Furcellaria from Denmark Poly Agar, Esbjerg Late 1940 s Late 60 s Københavns Pektinfabrik (CP Kelco), L. Skensved 1936-Present Danisco (Dupont), Grindsted 1924 Present Eurogum, Copenhagen 1994 - Present Furcellaran/Furcellaria from Denmark 1936 start pectin production 1960 start carrageenan production Carrageenan/Chondrus-Eucheuma-Gigartina from Canada-SE Asia-Chile 1924 start emulsifier production 1983 start alginate production in France 1993 start carrageenan production in Chile Carrageenan & alginate extracts All outsourced mainly from Asia Development & blending in Denmark

Biogas pilot project, Solrød Municipality

Cavi-Art: CAVIAR MADE FROM SEAWEED

Drainage Water to Protein Feed and Bioenergy Cultivation Systems for aquatic plants based on drainage water 2nd Danish Macro Algae Conference September 19th-20 th 2012 Bodil Engberg Pallesen, Project Manager, AgroTech, www.agrotech.dk Photo: Bodil Pallesen, Mathias Andersen, Sune Petersen, AgroTech

Macro Algae Biorefinery A Danish funded project. Start 2012 Budget 24 million DKK The Hypothesis in the project are: 1) Two brown macroalgae (Saccarina latissima and Laminaria digitata) can be upgraded to energy carriers (either bioethanol, buthanol or biogas) by conversion of 80% of the fermentable sugars, leaving behind a concentrated solid fraction rich in protein and lipids, which can be used for fish feed. 2) A substantial amount (90%) of the remaining, undigested sugars i.e. the C5 sugars can be converted to additional value-added amino acids (isoleucine and arginine) for fish feed supplement.

Danish Seaweed Network Aim: The Seaweed Network in Denmark aims to promote the production, application, communication and knowledge of seaweed, and also strengthen the national collaboration Tang som food og non-food Invitation til tangnetværksmøde mandag d. 23. marts kl. 16 DTU Aqua Søltoft plads bygning 221, lokale 237 (2. sal) 2800 Kgs. Lyngby 16.00 Velkomst Præsentationsrunde af fremmødte Tang i køkkenet Ole G. Mouritsen Forfatter og professor SDU Dansk tang i helsekost Torben Sønnichsen Bioliving Den gode kemi i tang Susan L. Holdt DTU Aqua Plantestoffer og Sundhed Hvad arbejder de med på Institut for Kemi-, Bio- og Miljøteknologi, SDU Xavier Fretté/Bent Lyager ca. 18.00 En lille anretning og snak Hypoglossum sp. foto: Susan L.Holdt Tilmelding til Susan senest ons. d. 18. marts på email: susan@akvakultur.dk eller 2627 2707 The network group started in winter 2008 www.akvakultur.dk (see tangnettet ) in Danish Now 226 members from industry, universities, restaurants, organizations, local and national authorities, and persons that work with or have interest in seaweed 6 meetings and 6 newsletters Fundings from LMC: Centre for Advanced Food Studies US$ 20,000 Non-profit No member fee No administrative costs

Natural Ingredients and Green Energy Innovation consortium: UpFront Chromatography Aquaporin DSS Silkeborg Agro Korn CEBI Launis Fiskekonserves Jens Møller Products Aller Aqua University of Southern Denmark Technical University of Denmark Aarhus University Danish Technological Institute Overveiw: 1) High value products (proteins, antioxidants, pigments) can be extracted from waste products and algae using sustainable extraction processes Red algae pigments effects of light and nutrients 2) Residues can be used for anaerobic digestion to biogas or combustion

BioWalk4Biofuel EU FP7: Italy Jordan India Sweden Holland Latvia Spain Denmark (Aarhus University Danish Technological Institute) Overview: 1) Bio waste products with high nitrogen content will be used for cultivation of algae 2) Algae and bio waste will be used for production of biogas 3) Residues from biogas production will be used for soil improvement 4) Biogas will be upgraded to Liquid Biogas (LBG)

The Ulva lactuca project 2008-2011 Production potential of Ulva Growth of Ulva in basins Effect of CO2 / flue gas from Power Plants to boost the growth Energy potential of Ulva Physical and chemical characterisation of Ulva Pretreatement for fermentation, combustion and gasification Bioethanol /Butanol production Biogas production Biofuel for Power Plants corrosion, emissions, waste water, flue gas cleaning, ash products Recommandations for Ulva production in basins at Power Plants Financial evaluation of Ulva for energy purpose

Overall conclusions of the Ulva project 1. Annual yield is 4-5 times land based energy crops. 2. Potential for increased yield when bubbling with flue gas. 3. Ethanol / butanol can be produced from pretreated Ulva of C6 and - for butanol - also C5 sugars. Fermentation inhibitors are easily removed by screw pressing. 4. Methane yields of Ulva is at a level between cow manure and energy crops. 5. Thermal conversion of Ulva is possible with special equipment 6. Co-firing of Ulva with coal in power plants is limited due to high ash content. 7. Production of Ulva only for energy purpose at power plants is too costly 8. N2O emission has been observed in lab scale, but not in pilot scale production.

19th European Biomass Conference in Berlin 2011 31 abstracts evaluated on micro and macro algae. Total no. of abstracts From this R&D From this DEMO From this LCA Macro algae 5 3 0 2 Micro algae 26 24 1 1

20th European Biomass Conference in Milano 2012 22 abstracts evaluated on micro and macro algae. Total no. of abstracts From this R&D From this DEMO From this LCA Macro algae 4 3 1 0 Micro algae 18 17 0 1

21st European Biomass Conference Copenhagen 3. 6. June 2013 I recommend you to send in abstracts on algae projects. Topic 1.5: Algae production systems Topic 2.7: Biorefineries Topic 5.2: Sustainability assessment and criteria DEADLINE FOR ABSTRACTS IS: 21. January 2013

Future perspectives for algae 1. Large scale production of micro algae is still a challenge 2. Large scale production of macro algae must be off-shore. 3. A biorefinery concept is needed to extract high value products as proteins, food & feed ingredients, materials etc. before end use for energy. 4. Macro algae is the new biomass ressource for the next decades. 5. Micro algae is an important raw material for high value products

Thank you for your attention