Biology Chapter 7 Practice Test Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. The work of Schleiden and Schwann can be summarized by saying that a. all plants are made of cells. b. all animals are made of cells. c. plants and animals have specialized cells. d. all plants and animals are made of cells. 2. Which cell structure contains the cell s genetic material and controls many of the cell s activities? a. organelle b. nucleus c. cell envelope d. cytoplasm 3. Cells fall into two broad categories, depending on whether they a. have a cell wall. b. contain genetic material. c. have a nucleus. d. contain chloroplasts. 4. Eukaryotes usually contain a. a nucleus. b. specialized organelles. c. genetic material. d. all of the above 5. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus? a. cytoplasm b. nucleolus c. chromatin d. DNA 6. Which structures carry out cell movement? a. cytoplasm and ribosomes b. nucleolus and nucleus c. microtubules and microfilaments d. chromosomes 7. Which organelle breaks down compounds into small particles that the cell can use? a. Golgi apparatus b. lysosome c. endoplasmic reticulum d. mitochondrion
8. Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus? a. Golgi apparatus b. mitochondrion c. vacuole d. ribosome 9. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use? a. chloroplast b. Golgi apparatus c. endoplasmic reticulum d. mitochondrion 10. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? a. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods b. stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates c. keeps the cell wall in place d. regulates which materials enter and leave the cell 11. Diffusion occurs because a. molecules constantly move and collide with one another. b. the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution. c. the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution. d. molecules never move or collide with one another. 12. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes a. water to move into the cell. b. water to move out of the cell. c. solutes to move into the cell. d. solutes to move out of the cell. 13. The cells of multicellular organisms are a. smaller than those of unicellular organisms. b. simpler than those of unicellular organisms. c. specialized to perform particular functions. d. not dependent on one another. 14. Which of the following is an organ of the digestive system? a. stomach b. nerve tissue c. muscle cell d. epithelial tissue 15. An organ system is a group of organs that a. are made up of similar cells. b. are made up of similar tissues. c. work together to perform a specific function. d. work together to perform all the functions in a multicellular organism.
Completion Complete each statement on the line provided. 16. According to the cell theory, new cells are produced from existing. 17. In a eukaryote, the portion of the cell outside the nucleus is called the. 18. During cell division, chromatin condenses to form, which are threadlike structures containing genetic information. 19. Unlike smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum has attached to it. 20. The cell takes in food and water and eliminates wastes through the. Short Answer In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided. 21. How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ? 22. How do plant cells and animal cells differ? 23. Explain the three statements from the cell theory.
24. How do facilitated diffusion and active transport differ? 25. Compare a cell from a unicellular organism with a cell from a multicellular organism in terms of cell specialization. 26. Discuss the levels of organization in multicellular organisms. Be sure to include examples in your discussion. 27. Explain the concept of diffusion. Be sure to give examples and include drawings in your explanation. 28. Explain (Using words and drawings) what happens when a blood cell is placed in each of the three situations: A. hypertonic salt solution
B. Isotonic solution C. Hypotonic solution Diagram I Diagram II 29. Name and give the function of all structures (A through Q) labeled in diagrams I and II above. A. B. C. D. E.
F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q.