Congestion Pricing Experiences in Singapore. Dr Kian-Keong Chin Chief Engineer, Transportation Land Transport Authority Singapore

Transcription

1 Congestion Pricing Experiences in Singapore Dr Kian-Keong Chin Chief Engineer, Transportation Land Transport Authority Singapore

2 Congestion Pricing just one component of a Transport Strategy Cannot work on its own Singapore: Public Transport is key alternative A Traffic Management Tool Not for revenue generation

3 Area Licensing Scheme First practical application of road pricing - started June Paper licences required for entry (only) into the Central Business District (RZ), demarcated by gantries.

4 Area Licensing Scheme Daily and monthly paper licences.

5 Area Licensing Scheme Manually enforced.

6 Area Licensing Scheme Cordon-based marked by gantries Paper licences (for payment on entries) Enforcement - manual

7 The Change-over to ERP

8 Singapore s Electronic Road Pricing Cordon-based marked by gantries Electronic In-Vehicle Unit with smart-card (for payment on entries) Enforcement camera images Back-end Central Control System

9 Started in 1998 with 33 gantries Increased over the years presently 66 gantries CBD Copyright Land Transport Authority

10 Road Pricing Charges Varies by vehicle type Varies by location of gantry Varies by time of day - ranges from S$0.50 to S$4.00 per pass

11 Payment Modes Deducted at point of use from smart-card Post-payment with administrative charges Credit card payment

12 Impact - Traffic Volume (CBD) Peak Period Flow 200, ,000-9% 100,000 50,000-13% -8% Before After end Morning (2 hours) Off-Peak (7.5 hours) Evening (2hours)

13 Adjustment of ERP Charges To ensure use of road space is optimised Review at 3-monthly intervals Reduced during long school holidays Expressways 45 kph 65 kph Increase Increase Decrease 20 kph 30 kph Decrease Other Roads

14 Extending the Singapore s Electronic Road Pricing Aug 05 ERP extended to manage evening peak hour congestion for home-bound trips (on the Central Expressway, CTE)

15 Evening ERP for home-bound trips

16 Evening ERP for home-bound trips Aug 05 ERP extended to manage evening peak hour congestion for home-bound trips (on the Central Expressway, CTE) Travel time between 6 8 pm improved. Motorists have a choice.

17

18 No. of Vehicles Impact on Traffic Flows (Aug 05) 5,500 5,000 4,500 Before Aug-05 Nov-05 Jan-06 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,

19 Evening ERP for home-bound trips

20 Evening ERP for home-bound trips

21 Extending the Singapore s Electronic Road Pricing Oct 05 Two distinct pricing cordons in city Orchard and CBD with different operating hours and charges Orchard cordon has different traffic characteristics Intent is to reduce through traffic on Orchard corridor

22 ERP for Orchard Cordon Additional Gantries Orchard CBD

23 Copyright Land Transport Authority 2008

24 No. of Vehicles ERP on Orchard Rd - Weekday 18,000 16,000 14,000 35% 29% 25% 20% Afternoon ( pm) 12,000 10,000 8,000 Through Traffic Orchard Traffic 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Before Oct-05 Nov-05 Jan-06

25 No. of Vehicles ERP on Orchard Rd - Weekday 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, % 29% 28% 20% Through Traffic Orchard Traffic Evening ( pm) Before Oct-05 Nov-05 Jan-06

26 No. of Vehicles No. of Vehicles ERP on Orchard Rd - Saturday 25,000 20,000 15,000 35% 25,000 20,000 15,000 36% 25% 22% 19% 26% 25% 19% Through Traffic Orchard Traffic 10,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 0 Before Oct-05 Nov-05 Jan-06 Afternoon ( pm) 0 Before Oct-05 Nov-05 Jan-06 Evening ( pm)

27 Pricing intra-city traffic in the City (July 08) Operates 6-8pm weekdays New Pricing Line

28 Volume Crossing Singapore River Line Pricing intra-city traffic in the City (July 08) % -30% Before Jul-08 Oct-08

29 Managing Traffic What other measures should be used to complement ERP in addressing traffic congestion? Improve design of the roads 44.7% Allow less vehicles on the roads 40.2% ERP is good enough 24.4% Provide cheaper public transport 0.2% Discouraging vehicle ownership 0.2% No comments 4.5% n = 443 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

30 Lessons Pricing Strategy to be flexible and relevant ERP complements other transport tools land-use planning, road building, use of technology, traffic & incident mgmt Viable Travel Alternatives Needed Keep Scheme and Pricing Simple Not to generate revenue for Government Communications is never enough Not just a fiscal measure but to change behaviour

31 Making ERP Rates Visible

32 Copyright - Land Transport Authority 2010 Thank You