JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 1.

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1 JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 1 The European Forest Data Centre (EFDAC) Jesús San-Miguel-Ayanz

2 Outline FOREST Action 2 1. Role of the European Commission Joint Research Centre 2. European, international and research partners 3. Context for the development of EFDAC 4. Objectives of EFDAC 5. Components of EFDAC Forest Focus Database European Forest Fire Information System European Forest Resources Information System JRC Forest / non-forest maps (1990, 2000, 2006) JRC Forest spatial pattern trends European Atlas of forest species distribution and forest species suitability maps. National Forest Inventories - JRC Framework Contract for EFDAC

3 Role of the JRC FOREST Action 3 The mission of the JRC (Institute for Environment and Sustainability) is to provide scientific-technical support to the European Union s Policies for the protection and sustainable development of the European environment. This role of science-policy interface requires networking with: European Services and Organizations International Organizationsations Research Organizations

4 Institutional framework - partners European Union JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 4 DG Environment (Forest Focus, EFFIS, Forest protection, EFDAC) DG Agriculture and Rural Development (FAP) DG Regional Policy (EU Solidarity Fund) DG Enterprise (GMES, GEOSS) ESTAT (Data Centres) DG SANCO & European Food Security Agency (EFSA) (Plant health) European Environment Agency (EEA) Member State forest fire services (fire and civil protection) European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) network Member State forest services (National Forest Inventory Services, E-forest) European Forest Data Center (EFDAC) network

5 Institutional framework - partners International Organizations JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 5 Ministerial Conference for the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE) Advisory Group for the MCPFE 2011 Report Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) FAO Forest Resources Assessment 2010 Remote Sensing Survey for Europe FAO Silva Mediterranean forest fire network United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Team of Specialist on Forest Fires Team of Specialist on Sustainable Forest Management Core Group of the European Forest Sector Outlook Study (EFSOS) US Forest Service (USFS) & US Environment Protection Agency (US-EPA) Collaboration agreement on forest monitoring and spatial pattern analysis. International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution International Co operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests)

6 Institutional framework - partners Research organizations JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 6 Over 50 research organizations (on e.g. forestry, forest fire modelling, remote sensing, information systems, socio-economic analysis, climate change, emissions) On-going Research Projects: FIRE PARADOX European fire data analysis and improvement of forest fire policies FUME Forest fires and climate change FIRESMART Forest fire prevention COST FP0701 Post fire management EBONE Forest spatial pattern and forest biodiversity GMES - GEOLAND2 forest and forest type mapping GMES SAFER Forest fire risk and remote sensing of forest fires EUROGEOSS Implementation of the GEOSS concept in Europe Forestry Capacity Submitted: Network on fire emission modelling European Science Foundation ALANIA proposal on improved methods for estimation of forest fire emissions - ESA

7 CONTEXT of development JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 7 Agreement (November 2005) ENV, EEA, ESTAT and JRC ("Group of 4 ) for the establishment of Environmental Data Centres to share responsibilities, enhance collaboration and coordination Forest Action Plan for the implementation of the EU Forestry Strategy (Key Action 8) EC Services (ENV) (Nov. 2005) Data requirements European Forest Information and Communicatin Platform (EFICP) ( ) 2007) INSPIRE Directive (May 2007) Shared Environmental Information System (SEIS Com. Feb. 2008) Global l Monitoring i for Environment EEA and Security (GMES) Reg. (May 2009) Climate Change Water Air EUROSTAT Waste Natural resources IPP Land use Biodiversity JRC European Forest Data Centre European Soil Data Centre

8 Objectives of EFDAC JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 8 Establishment of EFDAC as the focal point for forestry information at the EU level. Storage and analysis of European forestry datasets (resources, condition, fires, ) Provision of timely, relevant and reliable data and information to policy makers for sound knowledge-based decision making. Contribution to the enhancement of collection, management and dissemination of data and information

9 Components of EFDAC Forest Focus Database JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 9 SURVEYS CONDUCTED LEVEL I LEVEL II CROWN CONDITION annually all plots at least annually all plots FOLIAR CHEMISTRY once until now 1497 plots every 2 years all plots SOIL CHEMISTRY once until now 5289 plots every 10 years all plots Soil Solution Chemistry continuously part of the plots Tree Growth every 5 years all plots Ground Vegetation every 5 years all plots Atmospheric Deposition continuously part of the plots Ambient Air Quality continuously part of the plots Meteorology continuously part of the plots Phenology Remote Sensing several times per year Preferably at plot installation optional optional Level I ( ) 5700 plots, crown condition data. Level II ( ) 860 plots, data from 10 different surveys.

10 EU Forest Focus (forest condition) database JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 10 Level I Foliar Analysis Level I Crown Condition Level I Soil Common EU Forest Data Platform Increment 5 Year Meteorological Continuous Level II Database Soil Solution Continuous Foliage 2 Year Soil Inventory 10 Year Crown Condition 1 Year Deposition Continuous Vegetation 5 Year Dedicated Access Registration, Username/Password Public Access to aggregated data Intranet t Extranet t Internet t Commission Services Scientific Community General Public Full validated datasets forest condition (all surveys from 1987 to 2006) Biosoil 22 countries soil survey and 19 countries biodiversity survey Biosoil biodiversity data (approx plots)

11 Forest Focus BIOSOIL Biodiversity JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 11 EEA F Forestt C Categories t i Species richness Null Boreal forest Hemiboreal & nemoral Scots p pine forest Alpine coniferous forest Atlantic/nemoral oak/ashwoods, dune forest 1-2 species Oak-hornbeam forest 3-4 species Beech forest Montaneous beech forest 5-6 species Th Thermophilous hil d deciduous id fforestt 7-9 species Broadleaved evergreen forest species Conif. forests of Med, Anatolian & Macronesia Swamp forest Floodplain forest Native plantations Exotic plantations and woodlands

12 European Forest Fire Information System JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 12 The European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) has been established by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the Directorate General for Environment (DG ENV) of the European Commission (EC) in close collaboration with the Member States and neighbor countries. It supports the services in charge of the protection of forests against fires in EU and neighbor countries, and provides the EC services and the European Parliament with information on forest fires in Europe. Aims at providing up-to-date, reliable information on forest fires at the European level, providing European level assessments during both pre-fire and post-fire phases, thus supporting fire prevention, preparedness, fire fighting and post-fire evaluations. EFFIS is intended as complementary system to national and regional systems in the countries, which provides harmonized information required for international collaboration on forest fire prevention and fighting and in cases of trans-boundary fire events.

13 The need for harmonization / standardization Fire risk exchange during 1998 JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 13

14 CORINE CORINE Class Non-Burned Burned % Burned Code Area (ha) Area (ha) 112 DISCONTINUOUS URBAN FABRIC % 211 NON-IRRIGATED ARABLE LAND % 212 PERMANENTLY IRRIGATED LAND % 221 VINEYARDS % 222 FRUIT TREES AND BERRY % PLANTATIONS 223 OLIVE GROVES % 241 ANNUAL CROPS ASSOCIATED WITH % PERMANENT CROPS 242 COMPLEX CULTIVATION PATTERNS % 243 LAND PRINCIPALLY OCCUPIED BY % AGRICULTURE, WITH SIGNIFICANT AREAS OF NATURAL VEGETATION 244 AGRO-FORESTRY AREAS % 311 BROAD-LEAVED FOREST % 312 CONIFEROUS FOREST % 313 MIXED FOREST % 321 NATURAL GRASSLAND % 322 MOORS AND HEATHLAND % 323 SCLEROPHYLLOUS VEGETATION % 324 TRANSITIONAL WOODLAND-SHRUB % 331 BEACHES, DUNES, AND SAND PLAINS % 332 BARE ROCK % 333 SPARSELY VEGETATED AREAS % 334 BURNT AREAS % UNCLASSIFIED FOREST SURFACES % TOTAL % EFFIS covers the full fire cycle Main objectives of European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 14 Forest fire events Danger Forecast Active fire detection Vegetation regeneration Burnt area maps Potential soil erosion estimates Emission assessment Land cover damage assessment

15 EFFIS current status EFFIS Network & European Forest Fire Database JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 15 Nearly 2 million records of individual fire events provided by European countries Network of 26 countries + FAO SilvaMediterranea (non-eu Med countries)

16 WHEN? JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 16 FIRE TIME Date and Time of first alert Date and Time of first intervention Date and Time of fire extinction WHERE? FIRE LOCATION Country NUTS level 3 code (province) NUTS level 5 code (commune) EFFIS current status European Forest Fire Database FIRE FREQUENCY Average number of fires per year ,000 BURNED AREA 1,001-4,860 Average bured area per year (Ha) NO FIRE DATA ,000 1,001-2,500 2,501-5,000 5,001-15,479 NO FIRE DATA HOW? FIRE SIZE Total Burned Area Forest Burned Area Non Forest Burned Area WHY? FIRE CAUSES Presumed cause (4 classes)

17 EFFIS Current status Rapid fire damage assessment JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 17

18 EFFIS developments Damage assessment (MODIS 250 m 2000 to 2008 ) JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels

19 EFFIS developments Forest fire emissions and dispersion JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 19 A v burned area (m 2 ) B v biomass (g m -2 ) C burning efficiency (g g -1 ) E v emission coefficient for CO 2 Regional estimates of CO2 emissions CO 2 = v A B C v v E v

20 EFFIS developments Forest fire emissions and dispersion JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference Brussels 20 Burnt area and emission i estimates t in the EU Med. Region Burned areas and CO2 emission estimates in the EU Med Region , , , ,000 Total emissions (T Tg) ,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 Burnt area (ha) Burned area Total emissions Biomas (Tn) ,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 (Tg) Emission estimates ( Burned area CO , , Year 0, Year 0,000