How To Design A Showcontrol System For A Theater School

Transcription

1 Showcontrol System Design Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 1

2 System Design Principles 1. Ensure Safety 2. The show must go on 3. Simpler is always better 4. Strive for elegance 5. Complexity is inevitable; convolution is not 6. Leave room for unanticipated changes 7. Ensure security * Convoluted systems = nodeloos ingewikkeld systemen Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 2

3 System Design Principles 1. Ensure Safety Fail-Safe design Single Failure-Proof Safety Emergency Stop Systems // Controlled Stop Humans in the Loop (yes/no?) Effect Enabling Concepts Operator issues (boredom, repetitive actions) FMEA Peer review Mini FMEA oefening Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 3

4 System Design Principles 2. The show must go on Redundancy Ensure maximum computer reliability Disconnect show network from internet Install only what you need, remove what you don t need Manage automatic virus checking Store show files locally BACK UP Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 4

5 System Design Principles 7. Ensure security Keep show network off the internet Use security features on wireless networks Shut down wireless networks when not needed Use passwords on critical machines Control physical acces to critical infrastructure Run only things needed for the show on any machine Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 5

6 System Design Principles Troubleshooting Don t panic Before starting: Signal flow diagram and understand it The system is capable of working Conceptual break down of the system Known test signal sources Know how to use test systems, software and equipment Oscilloscopes Ethernet testers DMX testers Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 6

7 System Design Principles Troubleshooting Process 1. Verify the tester / test equipment! 2. Quantify the problem 3. Check the obvious 4. Determine verified, unverfied and suspect devices 5. Go through the system until every device is verified Substitute good parts for suspect parts Work systematically and by yourself (no distraction and confusion added by others) 6. If stuck, clear head; take a break 7. Consult others Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 7

8 Layering Een layer is onafhankelijk en het maakt niet uit wat er boven of onder ligt OSI ISO Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection DoD Department of Defense Four-Layer Model (DARPA) Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 8

9 Layering Data-unit Laag Naam Functie 7 Toepassingslaag Authenticatie, applicaties voor gebruikers Data 6 Presentatielaag Formatteert en structureert data zodat het leesbaar is voor ontvanger, encryptie 5 Sessielaag Start, onderhoudt en beëindigt sessies tussen applicaties Segment 4 Transportlaag Segmenteert data, verzorgt betrouwbaarheid door foutdetectie, verzorgt de volgorde, firewall Packet 3 Netwerklaag Routeert datapakketten, selecteert het beste pad, logische adressering Frame 2 Datalinklaag Toegang tot media, foutdetectie, bepaalt hoe data geconverteerd wordt en hoe toegang tot het netwerk gecontroleerd wordt Bit 1 Fysieke laag Binaire transmissie, elektrische, mechanische, en functionele specificaties Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 9

10 Layering Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 10

11 Communicate: Character encoding ASCII, Unicode, UCS-UTF-8 Data rate bits per second / Baud rate Bandwith Multiplexing Time division Frequency division Wavelength division Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 11

12 Communicate (continued): Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex Error detection Parity checking: add 1 bit, make it even (or odd) Checksum: adding a block of data Cyclic Redundancy Check (used in Ethernet) Add check value Based on remainder of a polynomial division On retrieval repeat calculation Corrective actions if check values do not match Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 12

13 Flow control Hardware Software RS232 XON / XOFF Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 13

14 Transmission schemes Point to point Multidrop Who speaks when? Voltage loop Current loop 0 5 V (TTL) 4-20 ma 0-12 V (CMOS) (minder last van inteferenties) Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 14

15 Transmission schemes Single ended / unbalanced Differential / balanced Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 15

16 Wire and cable Unshielded, untwisted Unshielded, twisted pair (UTP) Shielded, twisted pair COAX Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 16

17 Cable Categories Cat 1 Audio, DC Luidsprekerdraad, deurbellen Cat 2 <1,5 MHz Analoge telefoon Cat 3 <16 MHz 10BaseT Cat 4 <20 MHz 10BaseT Cat 5; Cat 5e <100 MHz 100BaseTX Cat 6 <250 MHz 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX (Fast Ethernet), 1000BASE-T/1000BASE-TX (Gigabit Ethernet) Cat 6A <500 MHz 10GBASE-T (10-Gigabit Ethernet) Cat 7 <600 MHz 10 Gigabit Ethernet Cat 7A < 1000 MHz 40 Gigabit Ethernet over 50 meter, 100 Gigabit Ethernet over 15 meter Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 17

18 Cable Length Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 18

19 Transmission/Modulation methods Wired Non-Return-to-Zero Return-to-Zero Manchester Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 19

20 Transmission/Modulation methods Manchester (Data XOR Clock) Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 20

21 Transmission/Modulation methods Optical Radio Few other topics: Page NC/NO contacts Open collector, sourcing, sinking Isolation, OPTO couplers Blus diode Oktober 2015 Theaterschool OTT-2 21