INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) ABSTRACTS BOOK

Transcription

1 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) ABSTRACTS BOOK

2 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Prepared by Serhat ARSLAN Recep UYSAL Aydın KĠPER Süleyman DEMĠR Executive Board Prof. Dr. Ramazan ABACI Prof. Dr. Mustafa BALOGLU Associate Prof. Dr. Ahmet AKIN Conference Secretariat Assist. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ali Hamedoğlu- Sakarya University Inst. Aydın KĠPER - Sakarya University Res. Ass. Serhat ARSLAN -Sakarya University Ins. Selcuk Sırrı TERCAN - Sakarya University Res. Ass. Onur ĠġBULAN -Sakarya University Recep UYSAL -Sakarya University Eyüp ÇELĠK -Sakarya University Hakan SARIÇAM- Kilis 7 Aralik University Süleyman DEMĠR - Sakarya University Academic Advisory Board Dr. A. Rezan ÇEÇEN EROĞUL-Mugla University, Turkey Dr. Abbas TÜRNÜKLÜ-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey Dr. Adnan KAN -Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Adnan KULAKSIZOĞLU-Fatih University, Turkey Dr. Ahmet ġġmġek-sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Ahmet ġġrġn-marmara University, Turkey Dr. Alim KAYA-Ġnönü University, Turkey Dr. Angela DUCKWORTH-Unversity Of Pennsylvania, USA Dr. Arzu Özen-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Asım ÇĠVĠTÇĠ-Pamukkale University, Turkey Dr. Atilla CAVKAYTAR-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Aydoğan Aykut CEYHAN-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Ayhan DEMĠR-Middle East Tech. University, Turkey Dr. AyĢe Esra ARSLAN-Marmara University, Turkey Dr. Barbara PLAKE-University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA Dr. Bayram ÇETĠN-Gaziantep University, Turkey Dr. Burhanettin DÖNMEZ-Ġnönü University, Turkey Dr. CoĢkun ARSLAN-Konya University, Turkey Dr. David CONROY-The Pennsylvania State University, USA Dr. Deniz ALBAYRAK KAYMAK-Boğaziçi University, Turkey Dr. Elif Tekin ĠFTAR-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Enver SARI-Giresun University, Turkey Dr. Erdal HAMARTA-Konya University, Turkey Dr. Erkan YAMAN-Sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Ersin ALTINTAġ-Sakarya University, Turkey

3 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Dr. Fatma Nevra SEGGIE-Boğaziçi University, Turkey Dr. FatoĢ ERKMAN-Boğaziçi University, Turkey Dr. Ferda AYSAN-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey Dr. Feride BACANLI-Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Figen COK-BaĢkent University, Turkey Dr. Filiz BĠLGE-Hacettepe University, Turkey Dr. Frank C. WORRELL-University of California Berkeley, USA Dr. Frederick RHODEWALT-The University of Utah, USA Dr. Galip YÜKSEL-Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Georgios D. SIDERIDIS-University Of Crete, Turkey Dr. Gürhan CAN-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Halil EKġĠ-Marmara University, Turkey Dr. Hasan BACANLI-Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Hatice ODACI-Karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey Dr. Hikmet YAZICI-Karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey Dr. Hüseyin EKĠZ-Süleyman ġah University, Turkey Dr. Ġbrahim H. DIKEN-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Jale ELDELEKLIOGLU-Uludag University, Turkey Dr. James J. GROSS-Stanford University, USA Dr. Jianzhong XU-Mississippi State University, USA Dr. John KANTOR-Alliant International University, USA Dr. June P TANGNEY-George Mason University, USA Dr. Ken WALLSTON-Vanderbilt University, USA Dr. Kristin NEFF-University of Texas At Austin, USA Dr. Kurtman ERSANLI-Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey Dr. M. Engin DENĠZ-Konya University, Turkey Dr. Maria KAVUSSANU-University of Birmingham, United Kingdom Dr. Mehmet DEMĠREZEN-Hacettepe University, Turkey Dr. Mehmet GÜVEN-Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Melek KALKAN-Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey Dr. Metin PĠġKĠN-Ankara University, Turkey Dr. Michael F. STEGER-Colorado State University, USA Dr. Michael McCULLOUGH-University of Miami, USA Dr. Mona ALAHMADI-Taibah University, Saudi Arabia Dr. Muhammad Tahir KHALILY-National University of Ireland, Ireland Dr. Murat DEMĠRBAġ-Kırıkkale University, Turkey Dr. Mustafa BALOĞLU-Gaziosman PaĢa University, Turkey Dr. Mustafa KILIÇ-Ġnönü University, Turkey Dr. Mustafa KUTLU-Ġnönü University, Turkey Dr. Mustafa ġahġn-karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey Dr. Mustafa YILMAZLAR-Sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Nils BEER-London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom Dr. Omer Faruk TUTKUN-Sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Ömer ÜRE-Selçuk University, Turkey Dr. Osman TĠTREK-Sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Osman Tolga ARICAK-Fatih University, Turkey Dr. Owence CHABAYA-University of Limpopo, South Africa Dr. Pamela G. REED-Unıversıty Of Arizona, USA Dr. Peter LOVIBOND-University of New South Wales, USA Dr. Ramazan ARI-Konya University, Turkey Dr. Rebecca P. ANG-Nanyang Technological University, USA Dr. Recep KAYMAKCAN-Sakarya University, Turkey Dr. Rengin KARACA-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey Dr. Richard M. RYAN-University Of Rochester, USA Dr. Rita CLAES-Universiteit Gent, Belgium Dr. Robert EMMONS-University of California, USA Dr. ġahin KESĠCĠ-Konya University, Turkey Dr. Sara FINNEY-James Madison University, USA Dr. ġefika ġule ERÇETĠN-Hacettepe University, Turkey Dr. Selahattin GELBAL-Hacettepe University, Turkey Dr. Sema Batu-Anadolu University, Turkey

4 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Dr. ġermin KÜLAHOĞLU-Uludağ University, Turkey Dr. Sezgin Vuran-Anadolu University, Turkey Dr. Sinclair VAUGHN-Vanderbilt University, USA Dr. Sırrı AKBABA-Uludağ University, Turkey Dr. Songül TÜMKAYA-Çukurova University, Turkey Dr. Süleyman DOĞAN-Ege University, Turkey Dr. Susan E. CROSS-Iowa State University, USA Dr. Susan SPRECHER-Illinois State University, USA Dr. Syed Farhana JAHANGIR-Frontier Women University, Pakistan Dr. Todd KASHDAN-George Mason University, USA Dr. Turan AKBAġ-Çukurova University, Turkey Dr. W. Keith CAMPBELL-University of North Carolina, USA Dr. YaĢar ÖZBAY-Gazi University, Turkey Dr. Zafer GÖKÇAKAN-Mugla University, Turkey Dr. Zekeriya NARTGÜN-Abant Ġzzet Baysal University, Turkey Dr. Zeynep HAMAMCI-Gaziantep University, Turkey Dr. Zeynep KIZILTEPE-Boğaziçi University, Turkey

5 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE The Impact Of Media On Violence Cases In Society Page 1 Lala JABBAROVA Study the Perceptual Catégorization in Sport 2 Sebbane Mohamme An Evaluative Study of the Physical Education Curriculum Developed from the Point of View of Teachers in the Governorate of Irbid Jordan 3 Sadiq Alhayek, Ali M. Aldeiry Teacher Candidates Attitudes towards Inclusion Education and Comparison of Self Compassion Levels 4 Aydan Aydın, Seher Kuzu Internet Addiction And The Tendency To Express Emotions 5 Zeynep Oktuğ The Understanding of Counselling Practice: Cases of Malaysian Counselling Practicioners 6 Zakaria Mohamad Stress Among Working Single Mothers: Effects and Influencing Factors 7 Hamdan Abdul Kadir, Thahira Bibi TKM Thangal Turkish version of the short form of Resilience Appraisal Scale: The validity and reliability study 8 Hakan Sarıçam, Azmi Bayram Ġlbay, Recep Uysal, Mehmet Çardak, Ahmet Akın Bloom s Revised Taxonomy and Critics on It 9 Ömer Faruk Tutkun, Dilek Güzel, Murat Köroğlu, Hilal İlhan Using Competency Based Learning approach in Teaching Arabic Language: a case study from Bethlehem University -The West Bank 10 Mumen Al-Badarin The Pakistani Immigrant Parents Perception about Their Children\'s Referral for Special Needs Classes in Toronto 11

6 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Afshan Amjad, Women Can Be a Leader in Society 12 Osman Titrek, Mustafa Bayrakçı, Demet Zafer Güneş Influence of Ramadan Dialectics (physical & spiritual) During Psychological Preparation of Young Football Players 13 Abbas Djamal The Wisdom of Indecision Revisited: Québec Students Orientation Trajectory 14 France Picard Investigation of Narcissistic Tendencies of University Students According to Various Variables 15 Betül DüĢünceli, Tuğba Seda Çolak The Vengeance Scale: The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version 16 Seydi Ahmet Satıcı, Gürhan Can, Ahmet Akın The Investigation of Self- Directedness and Self- Transcendence Behaviors of University Students 17 Tuğba Seda Çolak, Betül Düşünceli The Investigation of the Maturity Level of Gifted Students Related to the Different Variables 18 (Amasya City Case) Ahmet Üstün, Hande Tilkicioğlu Curriculum Implementation And Reform: Evaluation New Science Curriculum For Grades Six And Seven In State Of Kuwait From Teachers Views 19 Ahmad Alshammari Creative Diversity by an AQAL Over Frame 20 Donna Willard-Moore Investigating English Language Needs at the National Defence University of Malaysia 21 Mardziah Shamsudin

7 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Results from a District Implementation of 21st Century Learning Knowledge, Methods, and Strategies: Teacher Perceptions 22 Thelma Gunn The Impact of 21st Century Learning Knowledge, Methods, and Strategies on Student Engagement: A High School Approach 23 Thelma Gunn Education and Training on Surgery of Foreign Students and Preparation of Foreign Surgeons-Interns with Use of Medical Simulators 24 Yakiv Bereznyts kyy, Volodymyr Sulyma The Effect of Group Logo Therapy on Depression of Women with Marital Conflicts 25 Samaneh Jamshidi, Bahman Akbari Role-Playing Gaming In Education: Considerations For Maintaining Gender Equity 26 Lorraine Beaudin Learnt Experiences from Community Medicine Fieldwork 27 Tarinee Arkaravichien, Wiwat Arkaravichien The Evaluation of the Relationship between the Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-Compassion Among the Turkish University Students 28 BaĢaran Gençdoğan, Semanur Kodan The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Humility Scale 29 Ahmet Akın, Emel Gediksiz, Ümran Akın Ways of Coping with Stress, Life Satisfaction and Subjective Well Being: A Study on University Students 30 Hatice Odacı, Özkan Cikrikci An Evaluation of the 9th Grade Local and the International English Coursebooks In Terms of Aims and Methodology Arif Sarıçoban, Nilüfer Can 31 Investigating the Prospective Teachers Level of Adjustment in Terms of Perceıved Identity, Values and Need 32

8 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) M. Yüksel Erdoğdu Chess as a Logotherapy Method with Youth Roumen Bezergianov 33 The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) Gürhan Can 34 The Role of Family in Education Sokrat Gjini, Kemajl Kurteshi, Volgushe Kurteshi, Idriz Vehapi 35 Genetic and Environmental Influences on Children\'s Education Kemajl Kurteshi, Idriz Vehapi, Sokrat Gjini, Volgushe Kurteshi 36 Academics Mobbing and Job Satisfaction Levels Who Works at Unıversity Aydın Çivilidağ, Nurten Sargın 37 Tale of an Educational Initiative Taken for Under-Privileged Girls in a Third World Country Saira Zaidi 38 Women: Those Who are Exposed to Violence and Those Who are not Exposed to Violence Rezzan Gündoğdu, Yasemin Yavuzer 39 Student Creativity in Mathematics Education in Elementary School in Jordan Sumailah Sabbagh 40 The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Forgivingness Scale Ahmet Akın, Emel Gediksiz, Ümran Akın 41 Psychological Methods of Helping Cancer Patients Pawel Izdebski 42 Comparing Math Anxiety of Science, Engineering, and İnformation Technology Students as Related to Achievement, Gender, and Postpone of Math Courses Ma moonmubark Al-shannaq, Johanna Leppavirta 43

9 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Classroom Environment: What does Students Drawings Tell? Atika Solak, Zuhal Yılmaz 44 Evaluation of the Practicum in Teacher Education Programmes through Distance System of Education in Pakistan Qadir Bukhsh, Saima Rasul 45 The Investigation of Relationship Between Psychological Needs And Perfectionisms of University Students Sahin Kesici, Hatice Ġrem Özteke, Cenk Kiper 46 The Affect of Seperation and being away from the Mother on Rats Puppies Physical and Mental Development Canberk Yılmaz, Cemre Hatipoğlu, Funda Semenderoğlu, Mehmet Yılmaz, Ataç Sönmez, Necati Gökmen, Osman Yılmaz 47 Promoting Educational Efforts through Counselling & Guidance Imad Ghazzawi 48 Examining Psychological Symptoms and Self-Efficacy of Parents with Disabled Children Bülent Baki Telef 49 Examining Self-Efficacy as the Predictor of Subjective Well-Being of High School Students Bülent Baki Telef, Enes Ergün 50 The Effect of Mandala Activities in Decreasing The Test Anxiety in University Students BaĢaran Gençdoğan, Ġsmail Ay, Ġsmail Seçer, Semanur Kodan 51 The Effects of Mandala Activities in Decreasing the Attention Deficit Disorder and Learning Disability in Primary School Inclusive Education Students Erdoğan BaĢaran, Esra AltunkaĢ 52 Turkish Version of Self-Transdence Scale: The Study of Validity and Reliability Hakan Sarıçam, Mehmet Çardak, Recep Uysal, Azmi Bayram Ġlbay, Ahmet Akın 53 Burnout Levels of Psychological Consultants Examination according to 54

10 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Perceptions of School Environment Ġsmail Seçer, Birol Alver, Ġsmail Ay, Muhammet Çiftçi, Mücahit Dilekmen, Sırrı Akbaba Marital Satisfaction and Depression in a Sample of Turkish Women Erkan IĢık, Yeliz Saygın, AyĢe NegiĢ IĢık 55 Adaptation of the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale to Turkısh: A Reliability and Validity Study AyĢe NegiĢ IĢık, Deniz Derinbay 56 Supervision as a Prevention and Support to Teachers in Integrated Education Petra Potmesilova, Milon Potmesil 57 Perception and Attitude towards Pre-Retirement Counselling among Nigerian Civil Servants Anthonia E. Inaja, Patrick N. Asuquo 58 Analysis of Students Occupation Decision Making in the context of Holland s Theory of Personality Types Fulya Damla Kentli 59 The Effect of Body Image Satisfaction on Problematic Internet Use through Social Support, Problem Solving Skills and Depression A.Aykut Ceyhan, Esra Ceyhan, Yıldız Kurtyılmaz 60 Competence Mathematics Treatment in Higher Education Claudia Guzner 61 Faradarmani Farnaz Farahangpour Mohammad Ali Taheri 62 Impact of Resilience and Internet Addction on Academic Performance of University Undergraduates Noreen Akhter 63 The History of the Peer Helping Programme Zehra Nesrin Birol, Hikmet Yazıcı 64 An Overview of the Features Which the School Counseling Services Should Have According to the Perceptions of the School Councelors (Trabzon City 65

11 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Sample) Zehra Nesrin Birol The Short form of the Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB-42): The validity and reliability of the Turkish version. Ahmet Akın, Ġbrahim Demirci, Esra Yıldız, Emel Gediksiz, Nihal Eroğlu 66 High School Student s Internet Addiction and its Relation to Social Skills Ayhan GündaĢ, Mehmet KurtulmuĢ 67 Initial Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised Erkan IĢık Sabiha Bulduk 68 Counseling Course in Pharmacy Curriculum in Thailand Wiwat Arkaravichien 69 Longitudinal Effects of Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills Training on the Adolescents Constructive Problem-Solving Level and the Level of Trait Anger Ahmet Bedel, Ramazan Arı 70 Stress Coping Approaches as the Predictor of Social Adjustment Bahadır Bozoğlan, Sabiha Bulduk 71 The Change of the Term Teacher Competences and Qualifications through History in Turkey ( ) Hilal Zehra Uzun, Elif Gamze Özcan 72 Opinions of Students on the History of Turkish Education Course in Elt Departments Gülay Sarıçoban 73 The Relationship Between Burnout and Emotional Abuse in Counselors Hakan Sarıçam, Arzu Gülbahçe, Öner Gülbahçe 74 The Effect of the Solution-Focused Decision-Making Training Program on the Vigilant Decision-Making of University Students Enver Sarı, Levent Yaycı 75 The Impact of Media on Violence Cases in Society 76

12 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Lala Jabbarova Psychometric Properties of Adolescent Resiliency Scale Sefa Bulut, Uğur Doğan, Yunus Altundağ 77 Vocational Teachers- Lifelong Learners Jana Petnuchova, Roman Hrmo 78 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) Ahmet Akın, Ġbrahim Demirci, Esra Yıldız, Mahir GülĢen, Emre Mızrak 79 The Role of Local Authorities and Satisfaction Levels of Partıcipants on the Subject of Non-Formal Education Fuat Uzun 80 The Relationship between Academic Locus of Control and Achievement Goals of School Counselor Trainees Mustafa Baloglu, Hatice Ġrem Özteke, Cenk Kiper, Sahin Kesici 81 The Relationship between Social Comparison and Social Anxiety Levels of Music Teacher Candidates Sahin Kesici, Zafer Kurtaslan, Hatice Ġrem Özteke, Nurtuğ BarıĢeri, Cenk Kiper, Barbaros Yalçın 82 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Social Vulnerability Scale Hakan Sarıçam, Recep Uysal, Azmi Bayram Ġlbay, Mehmet Çardak, Ahmet Akın 83 The Effects of Peace Education on Aggressiveness Levels: A Structural Equation Model Ali Serdar Sağkal, Abbas Türnüklü, Tarık Totan 84 The Study on Conservatory Students Social Anxiety Levels According to their Sex Roles Cenk Kiper, Zafer Kurtaslan, Hatice Ġrem Özteke, Barbaros Yalçın, ġahin Kesici 85 Postgraduate Students Satisfaction Level: Example of Hacettepe University, Department of Educational Sciences, Division of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economics Feyza Gün, Tuğba Turabik 86

13 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Depression and Hopelessness in High School and University Students Ali Haydar ġar, Mehmet Çardak 87 An Investigation of University Students Aggresiveness Levels and Attitudes towards Spose Beating In Terms of Demographic Variables Zeynep Hamamcı, Eyyüp Özkamalı, Erhan Tunç, Ahmet Buğa, Ali Çekiç 88 Analysing the Relationship between Negative and Positive Emotional Experiences of University Students andt Life Positions Sırrı Akbaba, Ahmet Ragıp Özpolat 89 Analysing the Relationship between Physcological Well-Being and Conservative Life Style of the University Students Sırrı Akbaba, Ġsa Yücel, ġule Acar 90 Perceived Parenting Styles and Rejection Sensitivity in University Students Mustafa Onur, Hakan Sarıçam, Birol Alver 91 Counseling and Guidance in Turkey and England Süleyman Balcı 92 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Intimate Violence Responsibility Scale (IVRS) Ahmet Akın, Mahir GülĢen, Serap AĢut 93 Proactive Personality and Authenticity Abdullah Akın 94 An Investigation of the Relationships between Personal Growth Initiative and Authenticity Abdullah Akın 95 Research on the Effects of Restorative Discipline Model on Peer Bullying and Violence in High Schools AyĢe Arzu Hanhan 96 A Study of the Relationship between Resiliency, Religious Belief and Post Menstruation Symptoms among Single College Students Esmaeil Sadridamirchi, Pourya Yazdizadeh, Behnoush Sabayan 97

14 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Leading Level of Turkish Language Teachers to Students for Creative Activities: A Phenomenological Approach Merve Suroğlu Sofu, Havva Yaman 98 The Adaptation of Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire for High Schools to 8th Grade Students: The Examination of Factor Structure and Reliability Feride Bacanlı, Hüseyin Doğan, Zeynep Hamamcı 99 The Examination of Factor Structure and Reliability of CDDQ for High School Students Feride Bacanlı, Hüseyin Doğan, Zeynep Hamamcı 100 Secondary Trauma and Media Ġsmail Balcı 101 It Looks Cloudy in M-Learning: Cloud Computing in Mobile Learning and its Positive Contributions to Education Abdulkadir Alsal 102 Investigation of the Meanings Attributed by the Senior High School Students to the Concepts of School and Teacher according to Some Variables Nihan Çitemel, Recep Uysal 103 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Online Counseling and Face-to-Face Counseling Attitudes Scale Ġbrahim Demirci, Ali Haydar ġar, Abdullah Manap 104 The Strenght of Regional Boarding Primary School Students Personality Traits Proceduring of Conflict Resolution Behaviors Tuba Ceylan, Abdullah Sürücü 105 A Turkish Version of Self-Reflection and Insight Scale Ahmet Akın, Esra Yıldız 106 An Investigation of Identity Status and Risk Taking Relations Ümit Morsünbül 107 The Investigation of Career Indecision of High School Students: Personal 108

15 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Indecisiveness and Anxiety as Predictors of Career Indecision Kemal Öztemel Is Our Exam Anxiety Decreased by Growth? Üzeyir Oğurlu, Recep Uysal 109 Self-Compassion as a Protective Factor for Depression, Anxiety and Stress: A Research on Turkish University Students Zumra Ozyesil, Muge Akbag 110 Teaching Writing Strategies in Portuguese Language Classes Using The Self- Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) Model Sara Ferreira, Miriam Inácio, Carla Sousa, Maria Prata, Maria Isabel Festas, Albertina Oliveira José Rebelo 111 What Is Happening to the Students on Social Media? ġefika ġule Erçetin, Mehmet MenteĢe 112 Effect of Social Media Addiction to Studets Lives ġefika ġule Erçetin, Kenan Ġli 113 Leadership in School Management in the Storm of Uncertainty Nihan Potas, Nilay NeyiĢci 114 Turkish Version Resiliance Apraisals Scale: The Study of Validity and Reliability Hakan Sarıçam, Azmi Bayram Ġlbay, Mehmet Çardak, Recep Uysal 115 Validation and Reliability Study of The Child and Adolescent Scale of Irrationality (CASI) Figen Akça, Sertan Kağan, Gülçilem ġahin 116 Validity and Reliability of the Turkish version of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II Ahmet Akın 117 Is It Possible for Teachers to Motivate Their Managers via Their Attitudes? Sibel Doğan, Nuray Saylan, Öznur Özsoy 118 The Legal Arrangements for Children at Risk in Turkey ( ) Zehra Ġlbars 119

16 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Would Drama Be a Method to Improve the Emotional Intelligence of Candidate Teachers? Nihan Potas, Nuray Kısa, AyĢegül Oğuz 120 A Study of the Relationship between Resiliency, Religious Belief and Post Menstruation Symptoms among Single College Students Esmaeil Sadridamirchi, Puya Yazdizadeh, Behnoush Sabayan 121 The Effect of Parental Attitudes and Negative Automatic Thoughts on Problem Solving Skills of Adolescents: Where Gender Takes Place? Seval Erden Ġmamoğlu 122 The Administrative Problems that Primary School Teachers Have Confronted During the Duty Service and to Evaluate these Problems in the Context of Organizational Justice Ġlknur Algın 123 The Views of Educational Supervisors on Their Responsibility for Enabling Children to Attend School Zeynep Karaman, Uğur Karaman 124 The Assessment of Exposure to Violence and Anger Levels of Athletes Elif Karagün, Çiğdem Çağlayan 125 An Analysis of University Students Acceptance Levels of Dating Violence Ahmet YumuĢak, ġefika Sürücü 126 Analysis of Using Social Media Habits of Academics ġefika Sürücü, Ahmet YumuĢak 127 Developing a Program for Overcoming Academic Procrastination for University Students: A Pilot Study Meryem Demir, AyĢe Sibel Türküm 128 The Relationship between Early Separation Anxiety, Attachment Styles and Adjustment Erdal Hamarta, Engin Deniz, CoĢkun Arslan, Bülent Dilmaç

17 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Physics Laboratory Anxiety Level of University Students N. Ġzzet Kurbanoğlu, Ahmet Akın The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Personal Selfconcept Questionnaire (PSCQ) Ahmet Akın, Esra Yıldız 131 Music Therapy Seljukian and Ottoman Hospitals GülĢen Erdal, Ġlknur ErbaĢ 132 Emotional Problems of University Students A Srı Lankan Study Mangalika Hettiarachchi 133 Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in The Body of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case Ġlknur Maya, ġ. ġule Erçetin 134 Kazım Karabekir Pasha s Studies for Musical Education During World War I and National Struggle AyĢegül Dinç 135 Examining University Students Self-Compassion and Compassionate Love Levels in Terms Of Perceived Parental Attitudes Mehmet Kaya, Halime Eker 136 Guide Teacher Perceptions of Gazi University Students Hasan Bacanlı, Nazife Üzbe 137 Quadruple Thinking as Preventive Guidance Activity Hasan Bacanlı 138 Preferences of Turkish Learners of Efl in Developing Reading Skills at B1 (Threshold) Level Özkan Kırmızı 139 The Language Policy of Kemal Atatürk in 1928, the Change of Arabic Script to Latin Alphabet Özkan Kırmızı, Gülay Sarıçoban 140

18 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) The Use of Humor in Psychological Counselling Bahtiyar Eraslan Çapan, Erdal BaĢtaĢ 141 The Relationship between Depression and Resilience: An Emprical Research in Terms of Some Variables on University Students Uğur Gürgan, Hatice Dursun 142 Turkish version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES) Ahmet Akın, Umran Akın 143 Comparison of the Ways of Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills Of Social and Mathematical Sciences Students during Problem Solving Process Esra Aslan 144 Father Training Program for Promoting Self-Determination of Adolescents Ercan Kocayörük 145 Discrimination Against Women in Education Mehmet Murat 146 Substance Habits in Kosovo Ramazan Abaci, Berkant BaĢa, Nalan Kazaz 147 Teaching English as a Foreign Language in the Algerian University Hanane Sarnou 148 Investigating the Prospective Teachers Level of Adjustment in Terms of Perceived identity, Values and Needs M. Yüksel Erdoğdu 149 Examination of the Relationship between Core Self-Evaluations and Affective Commitment of Academicians BarıĢ ÖzkırıĢ 150 Professionals in the Field of Psychological Counseling Opinions on Music Therapy Fahri Sezer 151 Assessing Needs for Conflict Resolution Skills and the Skills of Managing Conflict Situations 152

19 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Nermin Koruklu, Tarık Totan, Ali Serdar Sağkal Adaptation of Authenticity Scale to Turkish: A validity and Reliability Study Tahsin Ġlhan, Yalçın Özdemir 153 School Counselors Views and Experiences on Uses of Silence in Counseling Process Tahsin Ġlhan, Yusuf Sarıkaya 154 Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in the Body of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case ġ. ġule Erçetin, Ġlknur Maya 155 Turkish version of the Perfectionistic Self-presentation in Children and Adolescents Scale Ahmet Akın, Umran Akın 156 Assesment of Indirect Factors Affecting Academic Performance Using Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process Ġbrahim ErĢan, Ali Haydar 157 Cyber Victimization Scale Osman Tolga Arıcak TaĢkın Tanrıkulu Hüseyin Kınay 158 Explanatory Role of Humor Styles and Creativity Level of High School Students on their Life Satisfaction Level Recep Koçak, Ömer Ay, Osman Zati Yazar 159 A Study of Social Anxiety of Adolescents according to Self-Esteem and Some Personal and Demographic Characteristics Zeynep Deniz Yöndem, Gamze YeĢim Göktürk, Ali Haydar ġar 160 The Effect of Group Logo Therapy on Marital Satisfaction of Women with Marital Conflicts Samaneh Jamshidi, Bahman Akbari 162 Learnt Experiences From Community Medicine Fieldwork Tarinee Arkaravichien, Wiwat Arkaravichien 163

20 INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICEC 2012) Career Aspirations Of Black Girls in Toronto: Family, School And Community Involvement in Developing Goals And Aspirations In The Hairstyling Professions Donna Kakonge 164 Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Physics Laboratory Attitude Level of University Students N. Ġzzet Kurbanoğlu, Ahmet Akın 165 The validity and the reliability of the Turkish version of the SEMLI-S Scale 166 Serhat Arslan

21 The Impact Of Media On Violence Cases In Society Lala JABBAROVA, Baku State University Media is one of the main resources that the society receives information from about events happening around. Media strives to bring light upon realities, cases of aggression and violence. However, lack of control on quality of information together with its quantity may result in dangerous consequences. This article deals with psychological analysis on impact of media on the criminal situation in the society, as well as connection of crime level with information about aggression and violence. Also, statistical information has been the subject of the research in the article. The results of the research indicate that frequent and exaggerated way of passing information with aggressive character without taking into consideration its possible psychological impact increases aggression and violence level in the society. Besides, it has been defined that broadcasting scenes of aggression brings to acceptance of these cases as usual and makes people get used to them. In order to avoid it, it is important not to remove aggressive information from Mass Media completely, but present it taking into account their psychological effect. Keywords: Media, violence, aggression, crime statistics 1

22 Study the Perceptual Catégorization in Sport Sebbane Mohammed, University of Mostaganem, Algeria, This study has as its main object to show the effect of categorization of the configurations of play in Soccer. According to Mervis and Rosch (1981), the category is an organization which makes it possible to gather various physical objects or concepts in the same class. This many make us suppose that the elements (i.e., specimens) of the same category have physical features (perceptive) or conceptual (concept) similarities. The main results of this study show, on the one hand, that the experts acquire a rich person repertory of conceptual knowledge by the practice and the experiment and the other hand, through the process of the activity that facilitates the visual data. This operating process of the expert system reduced considerably the space of research. This generally results in an effective and a rapid cognitive performance. Keywords: perceptual catégorization, expertise, soccer 2

23 An Evaluative Study of the Physical Education Curriculum Developed from the Point of View of Teachers in the Governorate of Irbid Jordan Sadiq Alhayek, The University of Jordan, Jordan, Ali M. Aldeiry This study aimed to an evaluative study of the physical education curriculum developed from the point of view of teachers in the governorate of Irbid Jordan. The Sample of the study consisted of (109) male teachers and (51) female teachers from Irbid\'s first, second, and third educational governorates. The following results were concluded:developed Curriculums from the viewpoint of teachers meet the knowledge-based on economy in a high rank as seen by teacher\'s role, learner role and Information technology and knowledge communication field. However, it goes in a medium rank in the knowledge-based on economy through teaching strategies. There were no significant statistical differences in the extent of teacher\'s evaluation of curriculum due to scientific qualification and gender variables. There were significant statistical differences in the extent of teachers\'s evaluation of curriculum due to years of experience for the favor of (more than 10 years experience).in the light of the above mentioned results the researcher listed several recommendations; the most important of them is to activate the applied training courses for teachers through practical demonstration in the fields that enhances their skills on the knowledge based economy. Keywords: physical education curriculum, teacher 3

24 Teacher Candidates Attitudes towards Inclusion Education and Comparison of Self Compassion Levels Aydan Aydın, Marmara Üniversitesi, Turkey, Seher Kuzu This study has been figured for the purpose of comparing attitudes of teacher candidates toward inclusion education in terms of several variables and self compassion levels. Sampling of the study consist of 4th grade students of (547) Marmara University Atatürk Faculty of Education and Faculty of Science and Letters. In this study, a personel information questionnaire is used to collect the demographic data of the participants. Also, to measure participants attitudes toward inclusion Attitudes Toward Mainstreaming Scale that is developed by Berryman ve Neal (1980) and adopted Turkish by Atay (1995) is used. Besides, to measure self-compassion levels a Self-Compassion Scale developed by Neff (2003) and adopted to Turkish by Akın, Akın ve Abacı (2007) is used. Self-compassion levels were at medium levels. It has been found that Self compassion total scores and sub dimension scores affected attitudes towards to inclusion education. Keywords: teacher candidates, attitudes toward inclusion, self-compassion 4

25 Internet Addiction And The Tendency To Express Emotions Zeynep Oktuğ, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Turkey, Social media applications become integral parts of daily life. People begin to live their emotions through these applications. Studies show that the main reason of using social networks among individuals, is making social relations easier. But because of the excessive use of internet, the person can fall short off the real world, and that can give way to izolation, loneliness and depression. Trying to decrease these emotions through establishing relations in virtual world, the person can be deprived of the benefits of face to face communication. This can effect their tendency and capacity to express emotions. The aim of this study is to analyze whether a gender-based difference exists between internet addiction and the tendency towards expressing emotions; to examine the relation between internet addiction and the ability to express emotions and to determine whether the degree for expression of emotions is a meaningful predictor of internet addiction. Keywords: internet addiction, emotion expression, face to face communication 5

26 The Understanding of Counselling Practice: Cases of Malaysian Counselling Practicioners Zakaria Mohamad, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia, Counselling should undergo a certain process to ensure that a counselling session could achieve its targeted goal. This article intends to analyze the understanding of Malaysian counsellors in light of the counselling process that they choose to conduct. To achieve this objective, six practising counsellors were chosen as participants for this research. Data was collected through the methods of structured interviews using interview protocol which is thematically analysed by the NVivo 2 software. The results of the analysis showed that these counsellors understood the counselling process based on the theories that they were using. Other than that, they followed the levels in the counselling process with the awareness of the vital elements that need to be considered in each process. Keywords: counselling practice, case study 6

27 Stress Among Working Single Mothers: Effects and Influencing Factors Hamdan Abdul Kadir, Thahira Bibi TKM Thangal, Universiti Teknologi MARA City Campus Johor Bahru, Malaysia, The world is now confronted with the stress phenomenon. Stress is now a part of human life, able to occur anywhere, whether in daily life, the working environment or personal matters. It comes without expectation and adamantly goes away. There are a number of factors that contribute to the level of stress among single mothers. Among others are the family s socio-economic profiles, work culture and the surrounding. Stress that occurs at work for single mothers extremely disturbs life at home when they are actually not being able to separate the problems at the office from their responsibilities at home. However, every problem has a solution. The role and contribution of organizations and the community at every level either the public or private sector through various programs, training that promotes mental and physical strength that energize courage, can help single mothers to carry out their responsibilities in life. Keywords: stress, single mother 7

28 Turkish version of the short form of Resilience Appraisal Scale: The validity and reliability study Hakan SARIÇAM, University of Kilis 7 Aralık, Turkey, [email protected] Azmi Bayram İLBAY Recep UYSAL Mehmet ÇARDAK Ahmet AKIN The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Resilience Appraisal Scale (RAS; Johnson, Gooding, Wood, & Tarrier, 2008). Participants were 419 university students from Sakarya University. The results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the twelve items loaded on three factors (social support, emotional coping, and situational coping) and the three-dimensional model was well fit (x²=117.28, df=47, p= , RMSEA=.060, CFI=.97, NFI=.95, RFI=.95, IFI=.97, GFI=.96, and SRMR=.049). Factor loadings ranged from.38 to.70. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were.66,.73, and.71, for three subscales, respectively and.81 for overall scale. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from.38 to.57. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores. Keywords: Resilience appraisal, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis. 8

29 Bloom s Revised Taxonomy and Critics on It Ömer Faruk Tutkun, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected] Dilek Güzel Murat Köroğlu Hilal İlhan The aim of this study is to point out the reasons of and the critics about revised taxonomy which has been used since 1956 and was revised in Scanning method is used in this study. In the light of analysis of data collection, these results are obtained; 1. Reasons behind the revision of Bloom s taxonomy are; being unable to respond with a one-dimensional form to the developments in educational psychology and learning approaches, having difficulty in evaluating owing to the cumulative hierarchical framework of original taxonomy, and being insufficient of one-dimensional form of Bloom s taxonomy within the scope of cognitive processes. 2. Here are the main critics of the revised taxonomy; revised taxonomy brings terminological and structural innovations for the process of instructional planning, increased number of sub-categories contributes to phase of reading objectives, revised taxonomy makes it possible to use new concepts, such as performance and authentic assessment, there are different opinions about the two steps that are accepted as the most difficult and located at the top. The knowledge dimension and cognitive process dimension are understandable enough and there are difficulties regarding the use of the classification. Key Words: Bloom, taxonomy, revised taxonomy, objectives 9

30 Using Competency Based Learning approach in Teaching Arabic Language: a case study from Bethlehem University -The West Bank Mumen Al-Badarin, Bethlehem University, Palestine, [email protected] As it appears in the literature, there is an increase attention that is paid on how to use practical techniques in order to improve the quality of teaching different subjects such as science, engineering and medicine. However, when this applies to teaching Arabic language, there is a tendency among teachers to adhere to traditional teaching approach, even in academic programs, such as the case at Bethlehem University. Accordingly, this paper will shed light on the difficulties that Arabic teachers face while challenging the traditional approach to teaching the Arabic Language. Based on an action research methodology, the researcher will present his vision and the methods that he used to engage his students in thoughtful and practical experiences that influenced their attitudes towards the language, as well as their writing, speaking and expression skills. The research hopes that this study might be a useful resource for Academics and Arabic language teachers or others who face difficulties in challenging students attitudes and motivation to learning. Key Words: competency based learning 10

31 The Pakistani Immigrant Parents Perception about Their Children\'s Referral for Special Needs Classes in Toronto Afshan Amjad, University of Alberta, Canada, This study examines the perceptions of Pakistani immigrant parents regarding the referral of their children to special education programs in Toronto. The study uses grounded theory as its methodology. Interviews were conducted with five parent participants and were transcribed and coded. This research provides insight into the perceptions of Pakistani immigrant parents whose children (8-12 years) are in special needs classes. The findings of the study indicate that, according to the parents, there are five main reasons behind the referral of Pakistani immigrant children for special education: 1) parent attitudes; 2) cultural and linguistic differences; 3) teacher attitudes; 4) peer attitudes; and 5) immigration. The results suggest that there is a tendency of over-referral of Pakistani immigrant children [in Toronto schools]. Recommendations are made for implementing change within the special education system in the TDSB and areas for future research are identified. Key Words: special needs, parents perception, attitudes, cultural and linguistic differences, grounded theory. 11

32 Women Can Be a Leader in Society Osman TİTREK, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected] Mustafa Bayrakçı Demet Zafer Güneş The aim of this research is to determine women s perspective on leadership and leadership effectiveness level of EU Grundtvig project named as Developing Women Leadership Skills in Society was held in Education Faculty (20 weeks). The research carried out with the survey model and data obtained with semi-structured survey. Frequency analysis and percent has been used for analysis. 13 of participants of the project are single, 18 of them are married and 1 of them has other marital status. All participants think that women can be a leader and leadership qualifications and desire are important to be a leader. Most of the participants have said that this project helped them realize their potential, some has already seen them a leader, and others thought that they had innate leadership qualifications. Most of the participants stated that they will use their learning in family and friend environment, in politics and at work. The obstacles to women leadership are; patriarchal society structure; anticipatory role of women; responsibility at home and children; oppression of women; drop-out of female children; no supporting from men; intolerance of men to women leaders; and negative nondiscrimination of women. Besides All of the participants think that education is necessary to be a leader. Key Words: women, leadership, society, Eu project, effectiveness 12

33 Influence of Ramadan Dialectics (physical & spiritual) During Psychological Preparation of Young Football Players Abbas Djamal, Bouira University, Algeria, During the holly month of Ramadan, the period of food and liquid intake depends on sunset and sunrise. Ramadan moves back in the calendar by about ten days a year. Thus, the probability that major sporting events being held during Ramadan is great. Developing practical and appropriate strategies to ensure competitiveness to athletes and players regarding health, psychological aspect and physical performance becomes a significant issue. The psychological aspect appearing through the motivation may constitute a very important measure helping to face stress and anxiety, induced by the sudden change of the way of life in Ramadan. Generally, during the second week, we may observe, on one hand, a progressive human adaptation of the young athletes and, on the other hand, a disturbance in the biological rhythm which leads to a level of tolerance to the temporary pain, thus to behavioural problems. In the present approach, we will deal with dialectics between physical and spiritual aspects of Ramadan related to the corporal and psychological preparation of young Algerian football players of ten (10) clubs in the first professional league, so that to preserve performance and general health. Key Words: Ramadan dialectics, Psychological preparation 13

34 The Wisdom of Indecision Revisited: Québec Students Orientation Trajectory France Picard, Université Laval, Canada, Our paper will present research on the effectiveness of a compensatory orientation measure adopted in Québec (Canada) colleges to help address indecision and other challenges learning difficulties, low high school GPAs, entering college without a high school diploma, dropping out and foster greater access to higher education. Our research studied the effectiveness of a first-year college program in lessening academic and/or career indecision among freshmen students. 973 freshmen (506 enrolled in this first-year program and 467 in a degree program) participated in a survey designed to map indecision and its sources (indecision-related issues) throughout their first semester. We examined the impact of orientation interventions and learning conditions on student orientation trajectories (indecision and its sources). We will present empirical evidence on critical ingredients that can help relieve indecision, as well as orientation steps taken by students themselves and events in their education experience that can contribute to lessening indecision. Key Words: Indecision, orientation interventions, first-year seminar, educational pathways 14

35 Investigation of Narcissistic Tendencies of University Students According to Various Variables Betül Düşünceli, Sakarya University, Turkey, Tuğba Seda Çolak The main objective of this research was to determine university students\\\' narcissistic tendencies. Another purpose of the research was to determine if the narcissistic tendencies of university students change according to various demographic characteristics or not. Method; the research was carried out with the relational method of screening. Research was carried on the basis of completely voluntary participations with 80 men and 130 women totally 210 participants. Data were collected with Personal Information Form and Narcissistic Personality Inventory. t-test of variance analysis and Pearson\\\'s moment correlation methods was used in data analysis. Findings; 1. Narcissistic tendencies of university students from the highest dimensions are; selfsufficiency, entitlement and exploitativeness. 2. Narcissistic tendencies levels differ in the dimension of authority and exploitative in favor of women, in dimension of superiority in favor of men 3. Narcissistic tendencies of university students change according to vocational training program. 4. Narcissistic tendencies of university students change according to birth order. Key Words: Narcissism, university students, authority, exhibitionism, exploitativeness, entitlement, self- sufficient, superiority 15

36 The Vengeance Scale: The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version Seydi Ahmet Satıcı, Anadolu University, Turkey, Gürhan Can Ahmet Akın This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Vengeance Scale (Stuckkless, & Goranson, The sample of the study consists of 332 university students. Correlation coefficients between the items of the Turkish and English forms of the scale ranged from.71 to.97. Results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 20 items loaded on one factor which explained of the 37% of the total variance. The factor loadings of the scale items ranged from.39 to.73. The findings of CFA indicated that the fit index values of the model were as follow: RMSEA=.061, SRMR=.050, NFI=.95, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.94, GFI=.91. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found as.91 and the test-retest reliability coefficient was found as.87. Also the corrected item-total correlations of the scale items ranged from.35 to.67. These results demonstrated that this scale was valid and reliable. Key Words: vengeance, validity, reliability 16

37 The Investigation of Self- Directedness and Self- Transcendence Behaviors of University Students Tuğba Seda Çolak Betül Düşünceli, Sakarya University, Turkey, The basic aim of this study is investigate self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors of university students. The other aim of the study is to determine if self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors chance according to different variables or not. Method; the research was carried out with the relational method of screening. Research was carried on the basis of completely voluntary participation with 80 men and 130 women totally 210 participants. Data were collected with Personal Information Form and the Temperament and Character Inventory. t-test of variance analysis and Pearson\'s moment correlation methods was used in data analysis. Findings; 1. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors of university students are found at average level. 2. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors chance according to gender. 3. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors chance according to vocational training program. 4. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors differ according to class level 5. As birth order is a factor about self directedness, it isn t a factor about self transcendence. 6. Housing type isn t a factor for both self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors. Key Words: Self- directedness, Self- transcendence behaviors, Temperament 17

38 The Investigation of the Maturity Level of Gifted Students Related to the Different Variables (Amasya City Case) Ahmet Üstün, Amasya University, Turkey, Hande Tilkicioğlu The aim of this research is to investigate the level of professional maturity of gifted secondary school students in relation to gender, grade level, school types and locus of control. The research is contucted by using the survey method. The data collection tool are Professional Maturity Scale, Rotter s Internal- external Locus of Control Scale and Personal Informatıon Form. The study sample of the research is composed of 50 secondary school students who attend to Amasya Science and Art Center in Academic Year ( Science High School, Teacher Training High School And Anatolian High School). Because of the limited number of study group, the whole group has been included in the study. İn the data analysis SPSS 15 package program is used to determine of correlations between the variables, and since the data doesn t reveal a normal distribution, non-parametric statistical procedures are used in the data analysis. Thus, Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskall Wallis Test are used. When the obtained data is analysed. İt is seen that there isn t a statistically significant correlations between the level of professional maturity of gifted students and different variables. Keywords: Gifted students, Professional maturity, Internal-External Locus of Control 18

39 Curriculum Implementation And Reform: Evaluation New Science Curriculum For Grades Six And Seven In State Of Kuwait From Teachers Views Ahmad Alshammari, United Kingdom, The Ministry of Education (MoE) in state of Kuwait are started to reforming the science curriculum in all school academic stages (primary 1-5 grades, intermediate 6-9 grades and secondary grades). This study aims to evaluate the new Kuwait s science curriculum in grade sixth and seventh which was implemented in 2008, considering the views of science teachers who are teaching this curriculum. This study was focus on the following curriculum aspects: 1) Content, 2) Objectives, 3) Teaching methods, 4) Teaching aids and 5) Assessment methods. The questionnaire was used in this research to explore the views of teachers about the new science curriculum and reveal the challenges and difficulties facing them in teaching it. The study sample is 200 science teachers who are using the new science curriculum in grades sixth and seventh at Kuwait schools. Key Words: science curriculum, curriculum reform, curriculum evaluation, teachers views 19

40 Creative Diversity by an AQAL Over Frame Donna Willard-Moore, WITT- Western Insitute of Technology at Taranaki, Diversity and originality in student art works marks healthy and creative art courses. While at the same time tutors teach the basics of techniques/ process and, inadvertently, preferred styles. These are contradictory goals; various bandages repair the students diversity of visual possibilities; such as the inclusion of art history courses, or tutors with radically different art preferences. However, these tactics are weak, compared to technique/ process courses; because they explain, here is the correct way to do this. Students see process art as the real value of an art program, thus diversity seldom reaches the full desired creativity effect. In New Zealand, we have been challenge by the government to embed literacy and numeracy into all courses; I suggest that an embedding AQAL framework would allow students a flexibility of mind that maximizes their personal creativity. AQAL, four ways of seeing art, 1) personal intention, 2) The fact/truth of medias and methods; 3) the culture, which pronounces this, is good and that bad, and 4) Systems like education, or gallery acceptance, which currently re-enforce cultural or process art. Maximizing creativity and acceptance of diversity is the goal as well as, the best possible cultural contribution of the creative communities. Key Words: Creative diversity, AQAL framework, Integral theory 20

41 Investigating English Language Needs at the National Defence University of Malaysia Mardziah Shamsudin, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Malaysia, This study investigates the English language needs for a group of engineering students at a defence university in Malaysia as part of curriculum review for English Language subjects. In a curriculum review, students perceived English Language needs are collected and taken into consideration towards any curriculum revision. The objective of this study is to investigate the perceived English Language needs for a group of Engineering Foundation students at the National Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM) to be used as a guideline as one of the attempt to revise the curriculum. A total number of 169 Engineering students from the Centre for Foundation Studies, NDUM participated in this study and using a set of questionnaire, their perceived English Language needs are examined. Data collected from the questionnaire are analysed using SPSS version The findings suggest important implications for evaluating and redesigning the English Language curriculum for engineering students at the NDUM. Key Words: Needs analysis, perceived language needs, defence university, engineering foundation students 21

42 Results from a District Implementation of 21st Century Learning Knowledge, Methods, and Strategies: Teacher Perceptions Thelma Gunn, University of Lethbridge, Canada, [email protected] Within the literature are a number of discussions regarding 21st Century skills and learning, each concluding that education is experiencing a paradigm shift. That is, traditional educational patterns are giving way to more innovative modes and methods of learning (e.g., Cheng, 2006; Trilling & Fadel, 2009), primarily due to radical technological changes that have increased the availability of information as well as improved communication. In an attempt to address this shift toward 21st Century skills and learning, a single school district began a large scale, district wide three year study involving the implementation of technology, differentiated instruction, and assessment for learning upgrades and teacher inservicing. This presentation will discuss the findings after three years of data collection. Data was analyzed using non-parametric methods of analyses and descriptive statistics. Results suggest that significant changes did occur with respect to software usage, communication purposes, differentiated instruction and assessment practices, and levels of usage. Analyses also noted age and hours of professional development as the most notable factors of significance with respect to levels of knowledge, usage, and acceptance of 21st Century methods. Key Words: 21st century learning, longitudinal, district-based approach, teachers 22

43 The Impact of 21st Century Learning Knowledge, Methods, and Strategies on Student Engagement: A High School Approach Thelma Gunn, University of Lethbridge, Canada, [email protected] There is sufficient evidence to support the importance of adaptive student engagement with respect to improved school behavior, academic achievement, and high school completion rates. Students who are more engaged exhibit high levels of adaptive attention, cognition, and behaviour as well as create social, physical, and intellectual resources (i.e., Appleton, Christenson, & Furlong, 2008; Fredrickson, 2001). One method to improve student engagement is by embracing 21st century learning practices through greater technological availability, communications, and instructional pedagogy. A three-year study designed to investigate and track student engagement and academic achievement with Grade 9 and 10 students has demonstrated that 21st century instructional practices such as instructional differentiation, assessment for learning, and enhanced technological communication and instruction have the potential to improve students perceptions of community (i.e., academic, social, and global), orientation to school, and in particular, their academic strategies. In addition, teacher perceptions of 21 century instructional practices and perceptions of community and school will also be discussed. Key Words: 21st century learning, student engagement, single school 23

44 Education and Training on Surgery of Foreign Students and Preparation of Foreign Surgeons-Interns with Use of Medical Simulators Yakiv Bereznyts kyy Volodymyr Sulyma, Medical Academy, Ukraine, Taking into account that the level of qualification of the doctor is in the first place in various gradational system of educational societies it s understood the necessity to improve the quality of the doctor in institutes of higher education, in which directed implementation of the credit-module system to the educational process. This requires reconstructing the process of teaching surgery both of foreign students and of foreign medical interns towards a positive effect - mastering the full range of theoretical knowledge and practical skills with the help of modern equipment. Received results underscore the increased objectivity in the control of knowledge on the part of teachers\\\\\\\' interest and increasing of foreign students and of foreign medical interns interest to master a subject, that allowed to prepare a general practitioner in surgery and surgeons, and integrate in the future in practical public health in worldwide. Key Words: education, training on surgery, foreign students, foreign surgeons-interns, medical simulators 24

45 The Effect of Group Logo Therapy on Depression of Women with Marital Conflicts Samaneh Jamshidi, Payam Noor University, Iran, Bahman Akbari We still have limited knowledge about correlation between depression of women and marital conflicts, and their common psychogenic and noetic causes. They both affect nearly all areas of family function including irreparable effects on children\'s psychological development. This study examined the effect of group logo therapy on Depression of women with marital conflicts. Thirty Depressed women with marital conflicts divided into two groups (experimental group and control group) randomly. Experimental group received 8 session of group logo therapy. The control group received nothing. Both groups were administered Beck Depression Inventory before and after intervention. Results using a covariance analysis indicate that the effect of group logo therapy on depression of women with marital conflicts is significant at 95% confidence interval, so group logo therapy has caused depression of these women to decrease. Frankl s theory of logo therapy is used to explain the proposed relationship between depression and meaning of life. Key Words: logo therapy, depression, marital conflict 25

46 Role-Playing Gaming In Education: Considerations For Maintaining Gender Equity Lorraine Beaudin, University of Lethbridge, Canada, Interest in using role-playing games in the classroom has grown as research continues to demonstrate their effectiveness for learning (Horizon, 2011). Given the potential for gaming to enhance collaboration and student learning, educators are exploring ways to integrate role-playing games into their teaching. In nearly all role-playing games the development of the player\\\\\\\'s character is a primary goal and significant motivator for continuing play. Kinzie & Josepy (2008) found that nearly all children chose to create a character of the same gender as themselves. Unfortunately there are far fewer female characters available in games and those that do exist are often provocatively dressed, passive, non-active characters (Beasley, & Collins Standely, 2002; Haninger, & Thompson, 2004). Lack of appropriate female character choices could potentially reduce interest by female students. This paper explores some of the gender issues teachers should be cognizant of when using role-playing gaming in their teaching. Key Words: gender, technology, gaming, learning, collaboration 26

47 Learnt Experiences from Community Medicine Fieldwork Tarinee Arkaravichien, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, Wiwat Arkaravichien Rational & Background: Fieldwork education should promote student centered practice, self directed learning, knowledgeable of community resources. Khon Kaen University, Thailand has set up a fieldwork for community medicine. Learning proposes of each activity in the fieldwork have been set up and therefore should be evaluated. Objectives: To determine whether the learning purposes of activities were achieved. Methodology: Exact objective of each activity was clarified. The researcher participated in the field with the students. All 12 students who stayed in the same house of fieldwork were in-depth interviewed after finishing the fieldwork. Content analysis was performed and interpreted into learnt experiences. Results: The students have learnt the villager s lifestyle which help them to understand the correlation between lifestyle and illness. They learned about villager s culture which reflected to people s health belief and attitude to health. They have learnt and understood better that villagers often chose alternative treatment instead of modern treatment which sometime included supernatural spirit. Staying with the villagers for 10 days trained the students to adapt themselves and taught them to work together as a team. Conclusion: Community medicine fieldwork offered way of learning and gaining experiences to students which may have significant impact on student s attitude to community. Key Words: Fieldwork education, Community medicine, Ethnographic medicine, Ethnography 27

48 The Evaluation of the Relationship between the Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-Compassion Among the Turkish University Students Başaran Gençdoğan, Atatürk University, Turkey, Semanur Kodan Self-compassion is defined and operationalized by Neff, which is based on the philosophy of Buddhism (assigned, Akın,Akın & Abacı, 2007). Self-compassion means being gentle and understanding oneself in suffering and failure situation and it also entails acknowledging these situaiton as a part of human life (Neff, 2003a; Neff, 2003b). As a result of recent studies, though self-compassion is positively associated with self-acceptance, emotional intelligence, life satisfaction, happiness, it is negatively associated with depression, anxiety, self-criticism (Neff, 2003a, 2003b ; Neff, Hsieh & Dejitterat, 2005). Self-acceptance is significantly related with mental health. Self-acceptance means acknowledging positive and negative characteristic as a part of personality and harmony with others and environment (Avcı, 2008). Self-acceptance is important to acknowledging oneself and maintain healthy communication. Some age groups are significantly important regarding with psychological and physical development as the periods of youth (Türkoğlu, 2007). The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-acceptance and selfcompassion among the Turkish students. Participants of this study are the students of Atatürk University who are studying in different deparment. In this study, Self Compassion Scale which was adapted into Turkish by Akın, Akın and Abacı (2007) and Self Acceptance Scale (for university students) which was adapted into Turkish by Kılıççı (1980) are used in order to measure the level of the self-compassion and self-acceptance of university students. Key Words: university studens, self-acceptance, self-compassion 28

49 The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Humility Scale Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Emel Gediksiz Ümran Akın The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Humility Scale (Elliot, 2010). The sample of this study consisted of 359 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the thirteen items loaded on four factors (Openness, self-forgetfulness, modest self-assessment, and focus on others). The amount of total variance explained was 57% and factor loadings ranged from.35 to.91. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=152.37, sd=56, p= , RMSEA=.069, CFI=.91, IFI=.91, GFI=.94, and SRMR=.080). The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were.63,.67,.72, and.79, for four subscales, respectively and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.33 to.53. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores. Key Words: Humility, validity and reliability 29

50 Ways of Coping with Stress, Life Satisfaction and Subjective Well Being: A Study on University Students Hatice Odacı, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey, [email protected] Özkan Cikrikci The aim of this research is to determine whether or not the university students ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction and subjective well-being differs with regards to gender and faculty variable in significant levels, ways of coping with stress predicts their life satisfaction and subjective well-being. For data collection, Scale of Coping With Stress, Life Satisfaction Scale, Subjective Well-Being Scale and Personal Information Form were used. The participants were 852 university students from different faculties of Karadeniz Technical University. In analysis of data oneway Anova, Tukey test, t-test and multiple regression analysis were used. In this research, life satisfaction of the students are meaningfully advantegous for females according to the gender. When looked for the results to from faculty variable, it is seen that students ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction and subjective well- being are varied at a meaningfull level. It is defined that there is both a positive corelation between seeking social help and problem focused coping with, in addiction, from their way of coping with stress, there is a positive correlation between avoiding and subjective well-being. It is observed that problem focused coping with strategy from coping with stress ways predicted life satisfaction and subjective well-being; avoding predicted subjective well-being. Key Words: Ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction, subjective well-being, university students. 30

51 An Evaluation of the 9th Grade Local and the International English Coursebooks In Terms of Aims and Methodology Arif Sarıçoban, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Nilüfer Can : English coursebooks play a fundamental role in EFL settings such as Turkey since they shape teachers decisions about in what order to teach and how as well as what to teach to learners (McGrath, 2006). This highlights the importance of coursebook selection which needs to be made after a systematic analysis and evaluation. For this reason, this study evaluates 9th grade local and international English coursebooks that are used in Anatolian and other public high schools in Turkey. The evaluation is carried out using a checklist method in order to achieve more objective, systematic, reliable and principled evaluation of those coursebooks (McGrath, 2002; Tomlinson, 2003). A comprehensive checklist is prepared with reference to some available checklists (Al-Yousef, 2007; Celce-Murcia, 2001; Cunningsworth, 1995; Harmer, 1991; McGrath, 2002; Tomlinson, 2003). Using this checklist, teachers who are the prime users of those coursebooks will be asked to evaluate them in terms of (a) aims and objectives and (b) methodology and activities. The results to be obtained will be accounted for by taking the opinions of some of the teachers, and the findings will be discussed by considering teacher and student needs. Then, a comparison will be made between the local and the international course book evaluations. At the end of the study, some recommendations will be made relying on the overall findings. Key Words: english coursebooks, evaluation, aims, objectives, methodology, activities 31

52 Investigating the Prospective Teachers Level of Adjustment in Terms of Perceıved Identity, Values and Need M. Yüksel Erdoğdu, Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Turkey, The main purpose of this study is to investigate the prospective teachers level of adjustment in terms of perceived identity, values and needs. The searching group include a total of 273 prospective teachers, 178 of whom are females and 95 of whom are males.they are either working as paid teachers in the state schools within the boundaries of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality or they are attending Public Personnel Selection Examination (KPSS) courses. All of them volunteered to participate in the study. The Hacettepe Personality Inventory and a questionnaire developed by the researcher were administered to the participants. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data obtained. Those who perceive themselves as having the foreclosed identity status and diffused identity status have a more intense personal and social maladjustment. It is observed that those with spiritual values experience a more intense personal maladjustment compared than those with power values. More intense adjustment problems are observed in prospective teachers with high needs for status and prestige with high needs for love and to be loved by other people. Teachers are the keystones of education and learning. Therefore, they need to solve their adjustment problems so that they can raise healthy and quality generations. Key Words: adjustment, identity, value, need 32

53 Chess as a Logotherapy Method with Youth Roumen Bezergianov, Maricopa County, United States, [email protected] This paper describes how chess can be used as a therapy and a character education tool. The game and its individual pieces can be interpreted to symbolize certain important aspects of life; we can use chess as a platform to have conversations and discussions with our children about those aspects. What can be extracted from chess are not only analytical, logical and creative skills, but also clarification of values, a personal philosophy of life, and spirituality. The elusive concept of being, covered with mystery and often ignored in a world of action and achievement, seems to come a bit closer in chess to remind us of its primacy as symbolized by the King. In terms of mental health, the ideas in this book can be viewed as a method of Logotherapy, which is a meaning-centered psychotherapy originally developed by Viktor Frankl one of the greatest psychologists of the 20th century. Key Words: meaning of life, chess, symbolism, being, doing, responsibility, character education, values 33

54 The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) Gürhan Can, Anadolu University, Turkey, Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) is an instrument developed in accordance with the Self Determination Theory (SDT) by Vallerand and his colleagues (1992). STD proposes a motivational continuum, comprising three types of motivation - intrinsic, extrinsic and amotivation ranged from the least to the most determined by the self. The purpose of the current study was to examine psychometric properties of the AMS which has 28 items under seven subscales. The subscales assess three types of intrinsic motivation (intrinsic motivation to know, to accomplish things and to experience stimulations), three types of extrinsic motivation (identified, introjected and external regulation) and amotivation. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the seven-factor structure of the AMS. The fit index values of the model were acceptable or ideal as follow: RMSEA=.064, NFI=.96, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.95, GFI=.89, AGFI=.86 and SRMR=.062. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale was These findings indicated that the scale was reliable and valid in the current context. Key Words: Academic Motivation, Validity, Reliability 34

55 The Role of Family in Education Sokrat Gjini Kemajl Kurteshi, University of Prishtina, Albania, Volgushe Kurteshi Idriz Vehapi We could even say there is no real education without the family, because the role of the family in education is an food for normal developing and growth, could also say the family is the most important source of education. Family education is the earliest education children receive; parents are their first teacher and the most important teacher of their life. Family education not only provides children academic assistance on their school work, but also, even more importantly provides extracurricular guidance on cultural values, taught and modeled by parents. Also we present the opinion of students about the role of family in children education who participate in our investigation. Key Words: family, education 35

56 Genetic and Environmental Influences on Children\'s Education Kemajl Kurteshi, University of Prishtina, Albania, Zeqir Shaqiri Sokrat Gjini Volgushe Kurteshi When children misbehave, parents and caregivers frequently focus on assessing and identifying what may be wrong with the child, what treatment or intervention might be best for the child, and so on. The children s education is under gentic and environmental influces. So some behavior are unreparied if the disorder are genetically such as autism, some syndromes(down, fragile x syndrome,etc ). Key Words: genetic and environmental influences, children, education 36

57 Academics Mobbing and Job Satisfaction Levels Who Works at Unıversity Aydın Çivilidağ, Niğde University, Turkey, Nurten Sargın The aim of the research is to analyse the levels of job satisfaction and mobbing in terms of gender, type of university and title variable and to identify whether there is a relation between mobbing and job satisfaction levels or not. The research was made in Turkey at 55 different faculties and departments of the university s on 529 academics (250 female academics %47.25 and 279 male academics %52.74). Negative Acts Questionaire which was developed by Einarsen (1996) and the scale of job satisfaction which was developed by Hackman and Oldham (1980).These scales were used in the research. Results; sub dimensions of mobbing and job satisfaction according to gender variable is not significated, in state universities academics who are more exposed mobbing of sub dimensions attack on reputation and self realization and affect the communicative formation according to in foundation universities academics. In foundation university academics s job satisfaction levels are significantly higher than in state university; assistants sub dimensions of mobbing life quality and aggression on professional position are significantly higher than other academics; professor doctors job satisfaction levels are determined significantly higher than the others; Also academics mobbing and job satisfaction levels were analysed and found negative correlation between mobbing and job satisfaction levels. Key Words: academics, university, mobbing, job satisfaction 37

58 Tale of an Educational Initiative Taken for Under-Privileged Girls in a Third World Country Saira Zaidi, Infaq Foundation, CDSS, Pakistani, [email protected] One of the third-world countries, Pakistan where the overall public education system has collapsed and there is a vast variation in private schools\' educational standards. Even some of the schools which are located in posh localities and charge a good amount of fee are not imparting quality education. In 2002, one of the largest national donor organizations of the country took an initiative to establish a community development project. While establishing the project, the working team found many girls who hadn t been to school but had a deep interest in studies. Their interest in studies pushed all the stake-holders to start a women oriented pilot project on a very small scale. The project turned out a twenty four karat gold project and just in seven years time more than 1500 girls benefitted in the field of education, skill development and income generation. Key Words: third world country, educational initiative, under privileged community, women empowerment 38

59 Women: Those Who are Exposed to Violence and Those Who are not Exposed to Violence Rezzan Gündoğdu, Aksaray University, Turkey, Yasemin Yavuzer The aim of this study is to determine what kind of violence women are exposed to, the reason why they are exposed to violence, the effects of the violence exposed on women, how they perceive violence and to study the opinionsof women who are exposed and who are not exposed to violence in what concernstheir marriages, their expectationsfrom life and theirway of living. The population of this study is women living in the city of Aksaray. The study gathered detailed information by using qualitative data collection techniques from a total of 68 women 34 of whom were exposed to violence and 34 were not. In the selection of individuals who have been interviewed from the sampling, easy accessiblesituation sampling has been used among purposeful sampling methods. Furthermore, their willingness for doing an interview has been taken into consideration. The researcher used firstly a personal information form to learn the demographic features of individuals and then used an interview form, which mostly consists of open ended questions. Each of the interviews has been carried out by the researcher and lasted around minutes. The content analysis has been started on the information gathered from the interview form by using qualitative data analysis method. At the end of these analyses, common themes and codes will be reached and giving the frequency and percentage values concerningdata will be possible. The content analysis requires a detailed analysis of gathered data and enables to reveal themes and dimensions which were not evident before (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2005, 223). A qualitative research is a research in which qualitative data gathering methods such as observation, interview and document analysis are used and where a qualitative process is followed in order to reveal perceptions and events in a natural environment and in a realistic and integrated way (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2005, 39). Key Words: women, violence 39

60 Student Creativity in Mathematics Education in Elementary School in Jordan Sumailah Sabbagh, Balqa Applied University, Jordan, One of the important goals for any educational program is to have students think and act creatively in all subjects (Torrance, 1983; Higginson, 2000; Runco, 2003). This research study will investigate the perspectives of Mathematics teachers on student creativity. A group of (20-25) mathematical teachers will complete a Childhood Creativity Rating Scale on four of their students. Then about (25-30) students from the sample of this study will be observed during the class to complete the scale on these student. This study will seek to answer the following questions: 1. Is there a significant difference at the level (0.05 α) in teacher perspectives of student mathematical creativity with respect to school type, sex and grade level? 2. Is there a significant correlation at the level (0.05 α) between the teacher creativity scale grade and the observable creativity scale grade for the same children? Key Words: creativity, mathematics education, elementary school 40

61 The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Forgivingness Scale Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Emel Gediksiz Ümran Akın The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Forgivingness Scale (Berry, Worthington, O'Connor, Parrott, & Wade, 2005). The sample of this study consisted of 388 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the thirteen items loaded on one factor. The amount of total variance explained was 36% and factor loadings ranged from.29 to.67. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=106.47, sd=32, p= , RMSEA=.077, CFI=.89, GFI=.95, AGFI=.91, and SRMR=.062). The internal consistency coefficient of the scale was.67 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.26 to.43. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores. Key Words: Forgivingness, validity and reliability, 41

62 Psychological Methods of Helping Cancer Patients Pawel Izdebski, Kazimierz Wielki University, Poland, Psychological methods of helping cancer patients are presented in this presentation. Psychological help may be divided in the following types of influence: supportive, psychotherapeutic, educational, and influencing physiological mechanisms through decreasing the level of stimulation. Their effectiveness is evaluated. General recommendations for the use of psychological help for cancer patients are also stated. Key Words: psychological treatment, cancer; effectiveness 42

63 Comparing Math Anxiety of Science, Engineering, and İnformation Technology Students as Related to Achievement, Gender, and Postpone of Math Courses Ma moon Mubark Al-shannaq, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan, Johanna Leppavirta This paper examines the relationship between mathematics anxiety and students performance, gender, level and postpones calculus courses in scientific faculties. The data were collected from these students at Al- Hussein Bin Talal University in the academic year 2011/2012. The sample was taken from all students who took calculus 2 in this semester course. The student sample consisted of students 179 out of (282) students (males and females). The results showed that there was negative effect between mathematics anxiety and mathematics performance, also there were no gender differences in mathematics anxiety. In relation to level, faculty, and postpone, the results found that mathematics anxiety scores were significant more for last years, information technology and for postpone mathematics courses. Key Words: math anxiety, achievement, gender 43

64 Classroom Environment: What does Students Drawings Tell? Atika Solak, Zirve University, Turkey, Zuhal Yılmaz Designing a classroom environment according to students perception is important since a discrepancy between teachers and students perception of classroom environment may lead an ineffective communication (Chory & Goodboy, 2010). Aim of this study is to provide a view about students perception elicited from their drawings followed by their written descriptions about their ideal classroom settings and how could this study inform educators as they design classrooms. Drawing and written record of students descriptions were used as a data collection method. 50 students from private primary school were participated in the study. Content analysis method (Finson et al., 1995) was used to analyze the data. Findings from this study reveals students typically did not give authority to teachers instead they gave authority to students or technology tools. Second findings of the study reveals majority of students drawings included evidences related to interaction with technology instead of teacher-student and student-student interaction. Key Words: classroom environment, student perception, drawing, authority, classroom interaction 44

65 Evaluation of the Practicum in Teacher Education Programmes through Distance System of Education in Pakistan Qadir Bukhsh, Saima Rasul The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistani, The system of education of the country depends on the quality of teacher education programme. The strength of the educational institutions is highly qualified and skilled teachers. The teacher training is divided into two disciplines i.e. Theory and practical. Training of the practical skills like designing the objectives of the lesson, announcement of the topic, presentation skill, communication abilities, maintaining the discipline, motivational skills, developing the interactive skills, evaluative skills and selection of teaching methodology of the teacher is the significant aspect of the teacher training. Distance mode of education is playing its role for teacher training since 1975 in Pakistan. This study was designed to evaluate the teaching practice for the students of bachelor of education programme through distance education. The study was descriptive in nature; therefore survey type research methodology was adopted to collect the data. 300 students of third semester (Autumn 2010) of bachelor of education were selected randomly from the Region Bahawalpur as a sample of the study. Questionnaire was used as a research tool to collect the relevant informations. The data was analyzed in terms of percentage and mean score. The significant findings of the study were as: significant majority of the respondents agreed that activities of the workshop conducted regularly, presentation skill of the students improved by the micro teaching, teaching skills have been enhanced by workshop and lesson planning skill have been developed during the workshop. A significant majority of the respondents disagreed that duration of the workshop is sufficient. Key Words: practicum, distance system, teacher education, B.Ed programme, teaching skills, presentation skills, lesson planning 45

66 The Investigation of Relationship Between Psychological Needs And Perfectionisms of University Students Sahin Kesici Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, Cenk Kiper The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between psychological needs and perfectionisms of university students. The study was in survey model and participants were 132 female (56,2%) and 103 (43,8 %) male students from Selcuk University. Their psychological needs were measured by The New Needs Assessment Questionnaire (developed by Heckert et. All, 2000 adapted to Turkish by Kesici, 2008), and their perfectionist behaviour were measured by Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (adapted to Turkish by Ozbay & Tasdemir, 2003). According to the results, there is a positive correlation between order and achievement, there is a positive correlation between family expectations and achievement, autonomy, dominance. There is a positive correlation between personal criticism and achievement, autonomy, dominance. It has been determined that there is positive correlation between interest in errors and dominance, negative correlation between interest in errors and affiliation. Between parental criticism and achievement negative correlation was determined. Key Words: psychological needs, perfectionism 46

67 The Affect of Seperation and being away from the Mother on Rats Puppies Physical and Mental Development Canberk Yılmaz Cemre Hatipoğlu, TAKEV, Turkey, Funda Semenderoğlu Mehmet Yılmaz Ataç Sönmez Necati Gökmen Osman Yılmaz The formation of this study was to find an answer to How thousands of children s development, that are left on the streets are physically and mentally effected. For this reason we tried to find out the affect on physical and mental development at rats that are separated from mothers and put into single housing. In the study totally 28 rat puppies, 12 male and 16 female rats were used. 1st group (n:6): Males that have being away from the mother, 2nd group (n:8): Females that have being away from the mother, 3rd group (n:6): Males who don thave speration stress, 4th group (n:8): Fameles who don thave speration stress. All the pupies lived with their mother till the 18 th day after birth. 1st and 2 nd groups were taken from their mother between th days, totally 12 days, 4 hours everyday. The pupies that are separeted from the mothers at the 1 st and 2 nd groups were put to single housing between days. On the other hand the group who don t have separation stress were put in cages as males together and females together. The weight gain, food and water consumption was measured once a week to check out the physical development and water tank test was applied at 30 th and 90 th day to follow the mental development. There was a stastically significant difference (p< 0.05) between the groups that had separation stress and that don t have this stress when the weigt gain and food and water consumption and learnimg and remembering faculty were compared. When the results of this study is adapted to the effect on the population, by diminishing the protective effect of the parents on children s development and raising may have positive effect on children s mental and physical development, but this does not mean that they should be left to the streets. Key Words: mental development,affect of seperation 47

68 Promoting Educational Efforts through Counselling & Guidance Imad Ghazzawi, Saudi Development & Training Company, Saudi Arabia, Private training institutions that run long-term apprenticeship training programmes share common needs that should be addressed and managed properly in order to maximise benefit of educational efforts. Among these major needs are trainees/students counselling & guidance activities. These activities are provided as individualised services or in the form of comprehensive counselling programmes, depending on the specific needs and resources of the organization. The presentation will show real benefits obtained via delivering comprehensive counselling services to trainees at SDT Training Academy. Participants will see how the presenter imitated the ASCA National Model, a comprehensive schools counselling programme model, to tailor-make the Comprehensive Academy Counselling Programme to support commercial training projects. This initiative has provided a real value-added to the academy and its trainees in the areas of personal, social, and academic competencies. This session is intended for student affairs personnel and related stakeholders who are involved in the development and delivery of educational counselling services to young adults. Key Words: benefit, educational effort, counselling services 48

69 Examining Psychological Symptoms and Self-Efficacy of Parents with Disabled Children Bülent Baki Telef, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and psychological symptoms of the parents with disabled children. This is a descriptive study. The sample of the study consists of the parents of 165 students with disabilities. 63,3 % (n=105) of the participants were mother and 36,4 % (n=60) were fathers. Data was collected with the help of Parent Self-Efficacy Scale which was developed by Guimond, Moore, Aier, Maxon & Diken (2005) and translated into Turkish by Diken (2007), and Short Semptom Inventory which was developed by Derosatis (1992) and translated into Turkish by Şahin and Durak (1994). In the analysis of the data, t-test, Anova, and Pearson Moments Correlation Analysis was used. This study showed that there is a negatively meaningful relationship between parent selfefficacy and psychological symptoms. There were meaningful differences in psychological symptoms and self-efficacy of the parents according to demographic variables. As a result, we can say that increase in parent self-efficacy will lead decrease in psychological symptoms. In further studies, a parent education program which will boost self-efficacy of the parents can be prepared and its efficiency can be examined. Key Words: self-efficacy, parent self-efficacy, psychological symptoms 49

70 Examining Self-Efficacy as the Predictor of Subjective Well-Being of High School Students Bülent Baki Telef, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, Enes Ergün The purpose of this study is to measure whether academic, social, and emotional selfefficacy and some demographic variables predict subjective well-being of high school students. Sample of this study consists of 311 students from different high school. 64 % (n=199) of the participants were girls and 36 % (n=122) boys. Data were collected by scale of Self-Efficacy for Children (Muris, 2001; Telef, 2011), Positive and Negative Life Scale (Deiner and others, ; Telef, ), Life Satisfaction Scale (Deiner, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin, 1985; Köker, 1991). In the analysis of the data, Pearson Moments Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis were used. This study has showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy of the students have positively meaningful relationship with subjective well-being. The Multiple Regression Analysis showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy and age explained 21 % of the subjective well-being. The study showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy and age are predictors of subjective well-being of the high school students. School counselors can perform activities to increase the academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy of the students which, we think, will make attributions to the subjective well-being of the students. Key Words: academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, emotional self-efficacy, subjective well-being 50

71 The Effect of Mandala Activities in Decreasing The Test Anxiety in University Students Başaran Gençdoğan, Atatürk University, Turkey, İsmail Ay İsmail Seçer Semanur Kodan In this research, the effect of Mandala Activities in decreasing the test anxiety in university students is investigated through an experimental study. The work group of the research is consisted of 40 students, 20 as experimental group and 20 as control group, from different departments and different classrooms in Ataturk University. Spilberger Test Anxiety Inventory is applied to all the students as pre-test and post-test. The experimental group was made to do Mandala Activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 2 hours a day, 1 days a week. Control group was made to listen to reed music for 8 weeks, 1 days a week, an hour a day. The results of the research data analysis show that the test anxiety has decreased much more in the experimental group than the control group Key Words: mandala activities, test anxiety 51

72 The Effects of Mandala Activities in Decreasing the Attention Deficit Disorder and Learning Disability in Primary School Inclusive Education Students Erdoğan Başaran, Turkey, Esra Altunkaş In this research, the effect of Mandala Activities in decreasing the attention deficit disorder and learning disability in primary school inclusive education students is investigated through an experimental study. The work group of the study is consisted of 20 primary school inclusive education students, 10 as experimental group and 10 as control group, from different school and different classrooms in Erzurum. In the research, Burdon Attention Test and Learning Disability Test are applied to all the students as pre-test and post-test. The experimental group was made to do Mandala Activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 2 hours a day, 3 days a week. Control group was made to do leisure reading activities for an hour and watching cartoons for one hour activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 3 days a week. The results of the research data analysis show that the attention deficit disorder and learning disability have decreased in the experimental group students, but there has been no change in the control group students. Key Words: mandala activities, deficit disorder 52

73 Turkish Version of Self-Transdence Scale: The Study of Validity and Reliability Hakan Sarıçam Mehmet Çardak, Sakarya University, Turkey, Recep Uysal Azmi Bayram İlbay Ahmet Akın Self-transdence can be defined the ability and capacity of individuals to expand selfboundaries in various ways (inwardly, outwardly and temporally). The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-Transdence Scale (STS; Reed, 1998). Participants were 350 university students from Sakarya University. Scale is a 15-item self-report measurement consisting of two sub-scales. Each item was rated on a 4- point likert scale (1=not at all 4=very).In this study firstly, the language equivalency between English and Turkish forms were tested by five philologists and academicians. and along with some corrections this scale was prepared for validity and reliability analyses. The confirmatory factor analysis was executed to confirm the original scale s structure in Turkish culture. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found between.69 and.81. The test-retest reliability scores were vary between.68 and.79. Also the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.32 to.61. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as a valid and reliable instrument in order to assess self-transdence of individuals. Key Words: self-transdence, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis 53

74 Burnout Levels of Psychological Consultants Examination according to Perceptions of School Environment İsmail Seçer, Atatürk University, Turkey, Birol Alver İsmail Ay Muhammet Çiftçi Mücahit Dilekmen Sırrı Akbaba This research is made to examine the psychological consultants level of burnout according to, duty station, to be appreciated by their superiors, type of school, the nature of the school and cooperation with managers. The research is carried out with 213 individuals who were randomly chosen from the counselors working in Erzurum city center and its districts in academic years. The research data is collected with the Maslach Burnout Inventory which is developed by Maslach (1981) and is adapted to Turkish by Ergin (1992). The data about the variables concerning the psychological consultants is collected with Personal Information Form prepared by the researcher. t test technique, one-way variance analysis and Post Hoc LSD test Technique is used in the statistical analysis of the data. As a result of the research, it is determined that there is no meaningful differentiation between psychological consultants burnout levels and the variables of duty station, type of school; there is a meaningful differentiation to be appreciated by their superiors, the nature of the school and cooperation with managers. These results are discussed and necessary suggestions are made. Key Words: psychological consultant, burnout, burnout inventory 54

75 Marital Satisfaction and Depression in a Sample of Turkish Women Erkan Işık, Mevlana University, Turkey, [email protected] Yeliz Saygın Ayşe Negiş Işık The purpose of the current study was to examine marital satisfaction and depression levels according to some demographic variables (eg. employment status, income, education level, family context). Çelik s (2006) Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS) and Beck s Depression Inventory (BDI) were administrated to 214 married women. The results of Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) suggested that significant group differences were found for employment status, education level, and family context in both marital satisfaction and depression whereas no differences were found for income. Specifically, working and more educated women and women living in their nuclear family were less depressed and experienced more marital satisfaction. In the light of the results, implications for counseling and suggestions for future research were discussed. Key Words: marital satisfaction, depression, Turkish women 55

76 Adaptation of the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale to Turkısh: A Reliability and Validity Study Ayşe Negiş Işık, Konya Unıversity, Turkey, [email protected] Deniz Derinbay Aim of this research is determined as adapting the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale developed by Moran & Gareis (2007) to Turkish. Working group of the research consist of 190 principals choosen by using the random sampling method among the principals working in educational years in Konya. During the adaptation of the scale, it was first translated into Turkish by researchers; then the Turkish text was retranslated into English by two English teachers; then original form and backtranslation forms were assessed by a native speaker. Reliability of the scale was tested by using Cronbach α and the values related differences of 27 percentage lower-higher groups. The Cronbach s Alpha internal consistency for each subscales: Efficacy for management was.86, Efficacy for instructional leadership was.89 and Efficacy for moral leadership was.86. Validity of the scale was tested by Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. As a result of the validity and reliability analysis, it was thought that Turkish adaptation process of the scale was completed. Key Words: principal sense of efficacy, validity, reliability 56

77 Supervision as a Prevention and Support to Teachers in Integrated Education Petra Potmesilova, Palacky University, Czech Republic, [email protected] Milon Potmesil The presented research was focused on the field of sentiments, attitudes and concerns of educators potentially working with pupils with impairment under inclusive/integrative settings. This study aimed at discovering whether the above stated parameters change after achieving qualification in special needs education. The results of research encompassing a period of three years aimed at describing a group of 794 educators from the point of view of development of their attitudes, opinions and concerns focused on the process of inclusion. In accordance to obtained results, the supervision as a special psychological support is badly needed. Key Words: inclusion, attitudes, sentiments, education, pupils with impairment, methodology of teaching, overloading, stress, supervision, teacher 57

78 Perception and Attitude towards Pre-Retirement Counselling among Nigerian Civil Servants Anthonia E. Inaja Patrick N. Asuquo, In Nigeria, retirement is usually a period of major changes in the lives of public servants. For some people such changes are devastating and traumatic. In this study, public servants perception of retirement and their attitude towards pre-retirement counseling was surveyed. A representative sample of 1200 civil servants was selected using purposive sampling approach. Responses were elicited from them using a self-structured questionnaire to test one major proposition that guided the study. Data analysis were carried out using one-way ANOVA and tested at 0.05 alpha levels. Results of the study showed that civil servants perception of retirement significantly influence their attitude towards pre-retirement counselling with respect to income and expenditure management, health related issues, management of loneliness and change in physical environment. It was recommended among other things that pre retirement seminars and workshops should be organized for civil servants on a regular basis to prepare them for life at retirement. Key Words: perception and attitude, pre-retirement counselling 58

79 Analysis of Students Occupation Decision Making in the context of Holland s Theory of Personality Types Fulya Damla Kentli, Yildiz Technical University, Turkey, [email protected] Choosing an occupation is complex phenomenon which can be evaluated in physiological and social dimensions. The purpose of this study is to examine students personality types in considering Holland s Theory and analyze the correspondence between students characteristics and their decision making of occupation. In this regard, Holland s inventory that is based on the assertion that most people can be identified as one of six personality types that correspond to work environments is used in this work. Qualitative methodology addresses the research objectives. The findings provide some support for the conjectures that Holland s Inventory might create awareness of specific personality types; however, these characteristics are limited to evaluate students decision making of vocational choice. Key Words: occupation choice, decision making, personality characteristics 59

80 The Effect of Body Image Satisfaction on Problematic Internet Use through Social Support, Problem Solving Skills and Depression A.Aykut Ceyhan, Anadolu University, Turkey, Esra Ceyhan Yıldız Kurtyılmaz This study investigates whether social support, problem solving skills and depression mediate the relationship between body image satisfaction and problematic Internet use. The research was carried out with the participation of 492 Turkish university students. The findings indicate that individuals more dissatisfied with their body image have insufficient social support and consider their problem solving skills to be inadequate. This consequently makes them more depressed, and depression causes them to misuse the Internet more. According to these findings, body image satisfaction has significantly and directly affects social support, problem solving skills and depression. Furthermore, body image satisfaction has an indirect effect on depression through the partial mediation of social support and problem solving skills. Results also show that social support, problem solving skills and depression act as mediators between body image satisfaction and problematic Internet use. Moreover, social support and problem solving skills also have indirect effects through the partial mediation of depression on problematic Internet use. Key Words: problematic internet use, body image satisfaction, social support, problem solving skill, depression 60

81 Competence Mathematics Treatment in Higher Education Claudia Guzner, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina, The central idea is that learning and teaching of mathematics is not limited to a single absorption and stored in a fixed body of decontextualized concepts and procedural skills transmitted by the teacher, but a collaborative construction of knowledge meaningful and useful that includes problem-solving skills, to articulate the supporting environment for the student. In light of this reflection, this paper aims to show how to present the content sequentially, in cognitive and affective student, taking into account the horizontal articulation vertical and treatment of topics that require integration of concepts from different areas. Key Words: competence, higher education, mathematics 61

82 Faradarmani Farnaz Farahangpour Mohammad Ali Taheri, Faradarmani is a type of alternative therapy which has a completely mystic view. It is a subcategory of Interuniversal Erfan (Halqeh) which was founded by Mr. Mohammad Ali Taheri. In this type of therapy, the patient is connected to the Interuniversal Consciousness Network (the network of intelligence and awareness that covers the universe, Holy Spirit) and while giving a physical report on feeling warmth, cold, pain, tremors, stinging and etc, their defective body parts are identified and the treatment begins with the elimination of the symptoms. This therapy is called Faradarmani because it comes from a type of viewpoint called Interuniversalism. According to Interuniversalism, man\'s existence is seen as vast as the universe itself and more than just a set of flesh and bones. psymentology is in the field of faradarmani: Being categorized amidst other fields in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) of Iran, and concerning the mind-psychology of mankind, Psymentology has an Interuniversalist perspective on the human being with an all inclusive approach. Mind and psyche each are dealt as a separate concept in Psymentology, comprising a specific part of an individual. This subject tries to alleviate mental and psychic disorders Key Words: faradarmani, psymentology 62

83 Impact of Resilience and Internet Addction on Academic Performance of University Undergraduates Noreen Akhter, NUST, Pakistani, The present study was aimed at discerning the relationship between resilience and internet addiction, & its impact on academic performance of university students. The study was carried out on the sample of 259 university undergraduates. Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998) resilience scale (Wagnild & Young, 1993) were used to measure the constructs. Multiple regression analysis, independent t-test were computed to analyze the data. Results showed that resilience is negatively associated with internet addiction. However, it has no impact on academic performance of the student, whereas, internet addiction was significantly negatively associated with the academic performance. Data was analyzed with some demographic variables. The suggestions for improving individual s resilience and empirical efforts have also been discussed. Key Words: internet addiction, resilience, academic performance 63

84 The History of the Peer Helping Programme Zehra Nesrin Birol, Turkey, Hikmet Yazıcı The aim of the study is to explore the process of the peer helping used for the peer effect and the benefits obtained as a result of the method. Within this context, we put the emphasis on the fields which peer helping was used. The notion of peer helping means the counseling of people who are at the same age, knowledge, and status. While peer helping, active listening, the knowledge of human soul, self-improvement together with the skills of problem solving are taken into consideration. The peer helping method is successfully used among the young, adults, and the elderly. The aim of the method is to reach more people. Moreover, it is recommended that peer helping should be included in psychological helping programs that are sensitive to the culture. Under the umbrella term of peer helping, its advantages and disadvantages in the psychological counseling practices were evaluated in the study. Key Words: peer helping, non-professional movement, prevention services in guidance 64

85 An Overview of the Features Which the School Counseling Services Should Have According to the Perceptions of the School Councelors (Trabzon City Sample) Zehra Nesrin Birol, Turkey, The aim of the study is to explore the perceptions of the school counselors on the features such as physical conditions, location, and the equipment that the school counseling services should have. Accordingly, the evaluation of the perspectives of the school counselors who are working at the same school about task sharing and the use of the school counseling room were assessed. The instrument used in this case study was semi-structured interview. Therefore, the interviews with seventeen school counselors were held. Using the data obtained from the interviews, the tables were drawn. The results were discussed relating the views of the school counselors to the relevant literature. The findings showed that the school counselors found the technological equipment in the services sufficient. However, 76% of the counselors believed that sharing the same room with another counselor eventually resulted in the loss of time and performance. Key Words: psychological counselor, counseling services, the use of the school counseling services 65

86 The Short form of the Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB-42): The validity and reliability of the Turkish version. Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, İbrahim Demirci Esra Yıldız Emel Gediksiz Nihal Eroğlu The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Scales of Psychological Well-being 42 item version (Ryff 1989a, b; Ryff & Keyes 1995). The 42-item instrument consists of six subscales; Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Personal growth, Positive relationships with others, Purpose in life, Self-acceptance and each subscale consists of seven items. The sample of the study consists of 1048 university students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis for SPWB indicated that the six dimensional model was well fit (x²= , df=791, p= , RMSEA=.048, NFI=.92, NNFI = 94, CFI=.95, IFI=.95, RFI=.92, GFI=.90, and SRMR=.048. The internal consistency coefficient of the SPWB was.87. All the differences between the item mean-scores and the factor scores of the upper 27% and lover 27% groups were found to be significant. These results demonstrate that SPWB 42 item version valid and reliable instrument. Key Words: psychological well-being, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability 66

87 High School Student s Internet Addiction And Its Relation To Social Skills Ayhan Gündaş, Dicle University, Turkey, [email protected] Mehmet Kurtulmuş The internet is becoming widespred raipdly as it enables people to reach lots of information and let them communicate in a short time. As it continues to widespread, it includes the teenagers in its target group. During the puberty the period when the individual begins to integrate with the community thanks to his or her social skills, the popularity of internet use affects the teenagers social skills in a good and also bad way. Its thought that the internet addiction has an impact especially on social awareness which includes acquisition, understanding and interpreting the other people s verbal communication and makes easy the integrity of the teenager with the society; and also Social Control Skills which is about the individuals self actualizing socially. The universe of this study is made up of high school students in Diyarbakır city centre in educational term. The sample is 489 students which are choosen according to simple random sampling. The data are gathered by Internet addiction Scale and Social Control and Social Awareness Scale which is developed by Riggio. Correlation Analysis is used for data analysis. In this study its found that internet addiction and Social control is (r:-0.10; p<0.05) negatively correlated; and internet addiction and Social Awareness is (r=0.93; p< 0.05) positively related. In that context teenagers should be provided with more qualified time during the internet use and their social interaction must be enchanced. Key Words: internet addiction, social skills 67

88 Initial Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised Erkan Işık Sabiha Bulduk, Mevlana University, Turkey, The purpose of the current study to examine the psychometric properties and initial reliability and validity studies of Skowron and Schmitt s (2003) Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R) in a sample of 187 Turkish adults. The DSI-R consists of 46 items and four subscales which measure emotional reactivity, I-position, emotional cutoff, and fusion with others. Results indicated that internal consistency estimates for the subscale and total scores were satisfactory. The factor structure was fairly similar to the original DSI- R. Concurrent validity evidence was collected was collected relative to a similar construct to differentiation of self, specifically self in family using Kağıtçıbaşı s (2007) Autonomous- Related Self in Family Scale. In the light of the findings, implications for the use of the Turkish Form of DSI-R and ideas for future research are discussed. Key Words: differentiation of self, turkish version, reliability, validity 68

89 Counseling Course in Pharmacy Curriculum in Thailand Wiwat Arkaravichien, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thailand, Patient counseling is one of the most important services of pharmacies. There is evidence that through patient counseling, pharmacists should identify and resolve drug-related problems, empower patients to adopt positive self-management behavior, increase patient satisfaction with pharmacy care, and optimize patient quality of care. Pharmacy counseling subject should be well designed in order to encounter students with concepts and skills to allow them to integrate as well as to synthesize relevant information and skills in a problem solving style. Thailand has 17 faculties of pharmacy; 12 government universities and 5 private universities. The objective of this study was to explore how much counseling containing subjects were put into pharmacy curriculum. Documented research was conducted by exploring and analyzing all pharmacy curricula in Thailand to see how much counseling subject or counseling related subjects were put into the curricula. The study shows that all universities have counseling containing subjects in the curricula, with credit between 2 to 11 credits. Eight universities have subject called counseling. Nine universities have them as counseling related subjects. Six out of eight universities put counseling subject in a main course. The rest have it as an elective. Most of the courses have laboratory practice for students to gain skill. Counseling and counseling related subjects are good examples to reflex professionalism learning. Professional learning needed to be conducted throughout the curriculum. Key Words: counseling, pharmacy counseling, pharmacy curriculum 69

90 Longitudinal Effects of Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills Training on the Adolescents Constructive Problem-Solving Level and the Level of Trait Anger Ahmet Bedel, Mevlana University, Turkey, Ramazan Arı The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal effects of the interpersonal problem solving skills training on the adolescents constructive problem-solving skills and the level of trait anger. Pre-test posttest control group experimental research design was used. There were 13 subjects in the experiment group and 15 subjects in the control group. For the collection of data the Interpersonal Problem Solving Inventory and Trait Anger Scale were used. Mann Whitney U test was conducted to find the differences between the scores of the groups. The results showed that interpersonal problem solving skills training increased the level of the constructive problem solving skills of the adolescents in the experiment group and reduced the level of trait anger significantly, and this effect continued the following six months and twelve months intervals. Key Words: interpersonal problem solving, constructive problem-solving and trait anger 70

91 Stress Coping Approaches as the Predictor of Social Adjustment Bahadır Bozoğlan, Mevlana University, Turkey, Sabiha Bulduk The purpose of this study was to determine how university students adjustment to university is predicted by their stress coping strategies they use such as self-reliance, obedient, optimistic, social support search and helpless approaches. To collect data Adjustment to University Questionnaire (Akbalık, 1998) and Sociopiotropy-Autonomy Scale (Folkman and Lazarus, 1980) were used. The sample was consisted of 281 university students from Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey. For the analysis of the data multiple regression analysis was used. Pearson Product Momentum Correlation matrix results revealed that all stress coping approaches except optimistic approach were significantly correlated to Social Adjustment, but only helpless stress approach was not significantly correlated. Thus, academic adjustment dimension of the students adjustment to university scale was excluded from the study. Stepwise Regression analysis results explained 39% of total variance. The results have shown the best predictor of coping approach was helpless approach. Key Words: adjustment to university, stress coping approaches, university students 71

92 The Change of the Term Teacher Competences and Qualifications through History in Turkey ( ) Hilal Zehra Uzun, Turkey, Elif Gamze Özcan This study aims to examine how the term teacher competences and qualifications in Turkey has been defined through the years from the foundation of Turkish Republic till now. Hence it will be possible to explain which equivalents this term has met so far and how it has been shaped throughout those years. To do this Legislative Arrangements, The National Education Councils, the reports written by General Directorate of Teacher Education and the projects that have been carried out will be examined. Data will be collected by using survey model based on descriptive method. The obtained results will be examined and discussed in details. Key Words: teacher competences, teacher qualifications, the change of the teacher competences and qualifications term 72

93 Opinions of Students on the History of Turkish Education Course in Elt Departments Gülay Sarıçoban, Hacettepe University, Turkey, This study aims to scrutinize the views of ELT students on the History of Turkish Education (THE) course given in the second year in their programs. In the survey there are questions regarding (a) aims and objectives and (b) methodology and activities. To do this, the evaluation is carried out using a checklist method in order to achieve more objective, systematic, reliable and principled evaluation of THE. This comprehensive checklist has been prepared with reference to some available checklists on the same issue. The results to be obtained will be accounted for by taking the opinions of some of the teachers who have already taught or currently teaching that course. The findings will be discussed by considering teacher and student needs. Then, a comparison will be made between these two parties. At the end of the study, some recommendations will be made relying on the overall findings. Key Words: opinions of students, the history of Turkish education 73

94 The Relationship Between Burnout and Emotional Abuse in Counselors Hakan Sarıçam, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Turkey, [email protected] Arzu Gülbahçe Öner Gülbahçe Emotional abuse is also called psychological intimidation and mobbing. Emotional abuse is meaning of behaviors (or attitudes) that similar type, systematic, long period, hostile and aggressive between employees at same work. Healty interpersonal relationship between coworkers and their managers is very important factor for integrating workplace, efficent works and willingness of remain in the organization. The aim of this research is the examination of the relationship between burnout and emotional abuse in counselors. The sample of this research is 100 counselors at formal schools in Erzurum. The scale of Emotional Abuse, Maslach Burnout Scale, Personal Information Form are used for this research. The obtained data is analyzed with t test, ANOVA, Pearson Momentler Correlation Analysis. There are positive significant correlation between burnout and emotional abuse. Namely, if counselors have high score of emotional abuse, their score of burnout is high. A lot of counselors said that we weren t cared by our managers and co-workers. Key Words: burnout, emotional abuse, counselor 74

95 The Effect of the Solution-Focused Decision-Making Training Program on the Vigilant Decision-Making of University Students Enver Sarı, Giresun University, Turkey, Levent Yaycı The present research aims to examine the effect of the Solution-focused Decision Making Training Program (SFDMTP) which was developed by the researchers to consider the basic principles of a brief solution-focused therapy approach on the vigilant decision-making of university students. The research was conducted with 40 students studying at Giresun University in the academic year. The 3x3 split plot design, including pretestposttest follow-up and control groups, were used in the research. Experimental and control groups consisting of 16 people each, and a placebo group of 8 people were formed in order to control the Howthorne Effect. Data regarding the vigilant decision-making of the students was obtained via the the Vigilant Decision-making Subscale of Melbourne Decision-making Scale II (VDMSS-MDMS II), which was developed by Mann et al. (1998) and adapted into Turkish by Deniz (2004). As a consequence, a significant difference was observed between the vigilant decision-making levels of the university students according to SFDMTP; however this difference was found to be a short-term difference. Key Words: solution-focused threapy, decision making, vigilant decision-making, training programme, brief solution-focused group therapy. 75

96 The Impact of Media on Violence Cases in Society Lala Jabbarova, Baku State University, Azerbaijan, Media is one of the main resources that the society receives information from about events happening around. Media strives to bring light upon realities, cases of aggression and violence. However, lack of control on quality of information together with its quantity may result in dangerous consequences. This article deals with psychological analysis on impact of media on the criminal situation in the society, as well as connection of crime level with information about aggression and violence. Also, statistical information has been the subject of the research in the article. The results of the research indicate that frequent and exaggerated way of passing information with aggressive character without taking into consideration its possible psychological impact increases aggression and violence level in the society. Besides, it has been defined that broadcasting scenes of aggression brings to acceptance of these cases as usual and makes people get used to them. In order to avoid it, it is important not to remove aggressive information from Mass Media completely, but present it taking into account their psychological effect. Key Words: media, violence, aggression, crime statistics 76

97 Psychometric Properties of Adolescent Resiliency Scale Sefa Bulut, Turkey, Uğur Doğan Yunus Altundağ The aim of this research to develop the scale of Adolescent Psychological Resilience, and to examine the validity and reliability. Research was conducted on 347 students. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted and ıt was found to contained 29 items and 6 factors of explaining %57 of total variance of scale. In the study of criterion validity, ıt was found to correlated -.47 with Problem Solving Inventory, -.61 with Beck Hopelessness Scale and -.46 Locus of Control Scale. İn the reliability study, it was found Cronbach\'s alpha internal consistency coefficient.87. Alpha values of subscales ranged from.89 to.61. Second,.87 correlation have been obtained in test-retest reliability study for scale within one month. At having done other validity study %27 up-down group comparison it was found that a meaningful difference at all items. Finally ıt was examined the item-total correlation analysis and correlation was found between.51 to.81.based on those findings, we can say The Scale of Adolescent Psychological Resilience that has been developed by the researchers, can be used in the field of educational and psychology as a valid and reliable instrument. Key Words: psychological resilience scale, adolescent, validity, reliability 77

98 Vocational Teachers- Lifelong Learners Jana Petnuchova, Slovakia, Roman Hrmo The article describes importance of education, not only as an initial education for kids, pupils and students. But mainly for adult as a part of lifelong learning and development. People are constantly learning everywhere and at all times. Specially for vocational teachers, in recent years, there has been a growing appreciation of the importance of learning in nonformal and informal settings. The aim of this article is to highlight the definitions and understandings of what counts as formal, non-formal and informal learning/education. In 1996, the OECD ministers of education agreed to develop strategies for lifelong learning for all. The concept of education from cradle to grave includes formal, non-formal, and informal learning. What does it mean non-formal and informal education in practice? What is the implementation of European Qualifications Framework(EQF) and development of national qualification framework? What are the keys that teachers learn on the job? What are the motivators for them to learn? Contemporary people live and interact in a globalised world- it means, we need global education- that opens people s eyes and minds. And recognition of education - non-formal or informal is an important means for education systems to better match the needs of the 21st century knowledge and open societies Key Words: education, non-formal education, informal education, lifelong learning, recognition and validation, perspectives 78

99 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, İbrahim Demirci Esra Yıldız Mahir Gülşen Emre Mızrak : The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF; Keyes, Wissing, Potgieter, Temane, Kruger & Rooy 2008). MHC-SF measures positive mental health and comprises 14 items ; three items of emotional well-being, five items of social well-being and six items of psychological well-being. Participants were 365 university students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis for MHC-SF indicated that the three dimensional model was well fit and Chi-Square value (x²=149.83, df=68, p= ) which was calculated for the adaptation of the model was found to be significant. The goodness of fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.057, NFI=.93, NNFI=.95, CFI=.96, IFI=.96, RFI=.91, GFI=.94, AGFI=.91 and SRMR=.043. The internal consistency coefficients of three subscales were.84,.78 and.85 and the overall scale was.90. The corrected item-total correlations of OCAS ranged from.51 to.64. Factor loadings ranged from.55 to.79. These results show that MHC-SF is valid, reliable and suitable for Turkish academic studies. Keywords: mental health continuum, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability 79

100 The Role of Local Authorities and Satisfaction Levels of Partıcipants on the Subject of Non-Formal Education Fuat Uzun, Hacettepe University, Turkey, The purpose of this study is to specify what the local authorities have done about the subject of non-formal education and the satisfaction levels of the participants about the professional and technical education activities of local authorities. This is a descriptive study in screening model. In this study, there are BELTEK courses (Municipal Technical Education Course Project) which is organized by the Greater Ankara Municipality in 2011 and analyses of satisfaction reports which are applied to the people who attended these courses. In the analyses of these reports: there are frequency and percentage distributions according to the type of courses and the gender of the participants. And the satisfaction levels of the participants are analyzed in mean distribution format and interpreted in the light of relevant literature. The results of the study show that the course arranged are aimed at employment, beside this, that there are courses aimed at personal development and skill, 65% percent of the participants are male and 35% are female and the satisfaction levels of the participants are high. As non-formal educations presented by the municipalities are useful in providing the people with information and skills that rapid change in our age requires, it will be in good taste to maintain the non-formal education presented by municipality as part of social municipalism. Key Words: local authorities, non-formal education 80

101 The Relationship between Academic Locus of Control and Achievement Goals of School Counselor Trainees Mustafa Baloglu Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, Cenk Kiper Sahin Kesici The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between academic locus of control and achievement goals of school counselor trainees. The study conducted in survey model and participants were 127 female (49.8%) and 128 (50.2%) male school counselor trainees. Participants of study were in the first year of their work life as a school counselor. Trainees academic locus of control levels were measured by Academic Locus of Control Scale (developed by Akin, 2007) and their achievement goals were measured by 2X2 Achievement Goal Orientations Scale (developed by Akin, 2006). According to results, positive correlations were found between external academic locus of control and learning-avoidance, performance avoidance, performance-approach. Between external academic locus of control and learning-approach negative correlation was found. There was also negative correlation between internal academic locus of control and learning-approach. Key Words: academic locus of control, achievement goal 81

102 The Relationship between Social Comparison and Social Anxiety Levels of Music Teacher Candidates Sahin Kesici Zafer Kurtaslan Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, Nurtuğ Barışeri Cenk Kiper Barbaros Yalçın The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social comparison and social anxiety levels of music teacher candidates. The study conducted in survey model and 131 female (55.3 %) 103 male (43.5%) music teacher candidates university students in the fourth grade- from different universities in Turkey participate to the research. The music teacher candidates filled the scales via Survey Monkey method which can be answered on the internet. Participants social comparison levels were measured by Social Comparison Scale (adapted to Turkish by Sahin & Sahin, 1992) and their social anxiety levels were measured by Social Anxiety Scale (developed by Ozbay & Palanci, 2001). According to correlation results, there was a negative correlation between social comparison and feeling of worthlessness. It has also found a negative correlation between social comparison and social avoidance. No correlation was found between social comparison and being criticized anxiety. Key Words: social comparison, social anxiety, music teacher candidate 82

103 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Social Vulnerability Scale Hakan Sarıçam, University of Kilis 7 Aralık, Turkey, [email protected] Recep UYSAL Azmi Bayram İLBAY Mehmet ÇARDAK Ahmet AKIN The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Social Vulnerability Scale (SVS; Pinsker, McFarland, & Stone, 2009). Participants were 419 university students from Sakarya University. The results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the fifteen items loaded on two factors (credulity and gullibility) and the two-dimensional model was well fit (x²=283.21, df=84, p= , RMSEA=.075, CFI=.99, NFI=.98, RFI=.97, IFI=.99, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.043). Factor loadings ranged from.41 to.91. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were.87 and.93, for two subscales, respectively and.94 for overall scale. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from.38 to.85. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores. Keywords: Social Vulnerability, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis. 83

104 The Effects of Peace Education on Aggressiveness Levels: A Structural Equation Model Ali Serdar Sağkal, Adnan Menderes University, Turkey, [email protected] Abbas Türnüklü Tarık Totan Instead of using destructive behaviors like aggression in interpersonal conflicts, it is expected from students to prefer constructive and peaceful conflict resolution methods. In order to achieve this aim, it is required that children should acquire peacemaking skills from early ages. The study carried out in this context examined the effects of peace education program applied on sixth grade elementary school students on aggressiveness levels. A pretestposttest control group quasi-experimental design was used in the research. The sample included 158 (84 girl, 74 boy) students in the experiment group and 123 (57 girl, 66 boy) students in the control group. While peace education program developed by researchers was applied on experiment group; control group received any treatment. Aggression Scale (Gültekin, 2008) was used to measure aggressiveness levels of students. Items of the scale considered under the dimensions of reactive and proactive aggression was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and it was concluded that scale consisted of two subscales (χ2= , df= 89, χ2/df= 1.54, NFI=.94, GFI=.93, CFI=.98, RMSEA=.035). Cronbach-alpha internal consistency coefficients were determined as.71 for reactive aggression,.77 for proactive aggression, and.84 for total. Data were analyzed by structural equation model (Ollsson, 1973) and results revealed that there were significant differences in the students aggression levels in favor of experiment group (χ2= 5.53, df= 2, χ2/df= 2.71, GFI=.99, CFI=.99, RMSEA=.08). Key Words: peace education, aggression, structural equation model 84

105 The Study on Conservatory Students Social Anxiety Levels According to their Sex Roles Cenk Kiper Zafer Kurtaslan Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, Barbaros Yalçın Şahin Kesici The aim of this research is to investigate conservatory students social anxiety levels according to their sex roles. The study conducted in survey model and 107 female (54.0%) 91 male (46.0%) conservatory students participate to the research. The data collected via Survey Monkey method on the internet. Social Anxiety Scale (developed by Ozbay & Palanci, 2001) was used to determine their social anxiety levels. Their sex roles were measured by Bem Sex Role Inventory (Adapted to Turkish by Dokmen, 1991). One way ANOVA was used to analyze data. According to results, there is a significant difference in social avoidance subscale of social anxiety scale-. Students with feminine roles manifest more social avoidance than students with masculine roles. Also there is a significant difference in being criticized anxiety subscale of social anxiety scale-. Students with feminine roles present more anxiety about being criticized than students with undifferentiated roles. Key Words: social anxiety, sex roles 85

106 Postgraduate Students Satisfaction Level: Example of Hacettepe University, Department of Educational Sciences, Division of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economics Feyza Gün Tuğba Turabik, Hacettepe University, Turkey, In Turkey the postgraduate education is given in order to achieve numerous aims, such as to train qualified manpower, to do research, to perceive the social problems in a right way and develop solutions to the problems, to train scientists or instructors. Well, then, what is the level of satisfaction of these students who have started for such aims during the postgraduate education process? Can the students really benefit from the educational process? Here, this study aims to find answers to level of the pleasure of postgraduate education students who are studying at Hacettepe University, Department of Educational Sciences, Division of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economics (DEASPE). This research is a descriptive study which is carried on by using scanning model. Postgraduate education students of Department of Educational Sciences, DEASPE are the universe of this research. The research s sample will be formed by students who are included the universe, and who will give the answers to surveys that will be sent, according to a voluntary basis. The students opinion will be determined by the level of student satisfaction survey which consists of three dimensions which are: first part is from personal information, second part is examining the pleasure level, and third part is related with education and training, instructors and consultancy service. Key Words: postgraduate education, student, satisfaction level 86

107 Depression and Hopelessness in High School and University Students Ali Haydar Şar, Sakarya University, Turkey, Mehmet Çardak Depression and hopelessness are important emotional problems that have to be considered in terms of developmental and educational progress of high school and university students. The aim of this descriptive study to understand and describe the differences of depression and hopelessness level according to educational level, sex and department in high school and university students. The study participants were 1050 high school and university students. The Beck Depression Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were administered to the students. This research shows that depression and hopelessness level change according to educational level. High school students have depression and hopelessness than university students. This research reports that depression and hopelessness level change according to sex. Female students more depression than male students but male students have more hopelessness than female students. This research also shows that depression and hopelessness level don t change between general high school and vocational high school students. In addition to this result depression and hopelessness level change according to the department in university students. Key Words: depression, hopelessness, high school, university 87

108 An Investigation of University Students Aggresiveness Levels and Attitudes towards Spose Beating In Terms of Demographic Variables Zeynep Hamamcı Eyyüp Özkamalı Erhan Tunç Ahmet Buğa, Gaziantep University, Turkey, Ali Çekiç The aim of this study was to investigate university students aggresiveness levels and attitudes towards spose beating in terms of demographic variables. The sample consisted of 166 university students (96 female and 70 male). The age range was and mean was (Sd=1.62). Data were gathered via Aggresiveness Scale and Attitudes Towards Spose Beating Scale. As a result 19 % of university students reported that they were exposed to domestic violence, and 22 % university students indicated that they witnessed domestic violence against women in their family. In this study, it was found that males had more confirmatory attitudes towards spose beating than females and also those brought up in towns and villages exerted more conformatory attitudes towards spose beating than ones brought up in small and large cities. Males physical and verbal aggresiveness levels were higher than females. Verbal aggresiveness levels of university students who were exposed to domestic violence in their family were higher than other students who were not exposed to domestic violence in their family. University students with higher aggresiveness levels have more confirmatory attitudes towards spose beating than others with low aggresiveness levels. Key Words: aggresiveness, violence towards women, university students 88

109 Analysing the Relationship between Negative and Positive Emotional Experiences of University Students andt Life Positions Sırrı Akbaba Ahmet Ragıp Özpolat, The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between negative and positive emotional experiences of university students and their positions in life school year students of Erzincan University form the Universe of the study. The students who are selected by the cluster sample method from the Teacher college of Erzincan university are going to form the study sample. In the study; \"positive and negative emotion scale\"developed by Watson and his friends(1988), and adapted in Turkish (2000)by Gençöz and \"life positions scale and verse form\" developed by Bhost(2002) and adapted in Turkish by İşgör, Kaygusuz and Özpolat are going to be used. Data obteined from the study are going to be analysed by proper statistical method for the hypostesis. The symptoms obtained as a result of the research are going to be discussed and interpreted in accordance with the related literature and accordingly some kinds of suggestions are going to be stated. Key Words: life position, positive emotion 89

110 Analysing the Relationship between Physcological Well-Being and Conservative Life Style of the University Students Sırrı AKBABA İsa Yücel İşgör, Turkey, Şule ACAR The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between psychological well-being and conservative life style of the university students school year students of Erzincan University form the Universe of the study. The students who are selected by the mass sampling method from 5 different faculty of Erzincan University are going to form the study sample. In the study; \"psychological well-being scale\" developed by Ryff (1989), and adapted in Turkish by Cenkseven (2004) and \"conservative life style scale\" developed by İşgör (2011) are going to be used. Data obteined from the study are going to be analysed by proper statistical method for the hypostesis. The symptoms obtained as a result of the research are going to be discussed and interpreted in accordance with the related literatüre and accordingly some kinds of suggestions are going to be stated. Key Words: psychological well-being, conservative life style, university students 90

111 Perceived Parenting Styles and Rejection Sensitivity in University Students Mustafa Onur, Giresun University, Turkey, Hakan Sarıçam Birol Alver According to many researchers, parenting styles have a lot of big effects directly or indirectly on their children lives, especially their personality. For example, self esteem, shyness, academic performance, rejection sensitivity and etc. The present study investigated the relationship between perceived parenting styles and rejection sensitivity in university students. The group of study was 360 university students (180 males, 180 females) at the Giresun University. Personal Information Form, Perceived Parenting Styles Form and Rejection Sensitivity Scale were used for study. Independent samples T test was used to determine differences between variables and sub-dimensions and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis was used to evaluate the relationships of variables. According to findings, there is an important relationship between perceived parenting styles and rejection sensitivity. Authoritarian parents children have higher rejection sensitivity than other children. Democratic parents children have less rejection sensitivity than other children. Finally, perceived parenting styles have big effect on their children rejection sensitivity. Key Words: parenting styles, rejection, rejection sensitivity 91

112 Counseling and Guidance in Turkey and England Süleyman Balcı, Gazi University, Turkey, Purpose of this study is to compare the Guidance and Counseling Services implemented in Turkey and England in terms of several aspects. According to this contextual perspective, examples of Guidance and Counseling Services in Turkey and England will be given under the following subheadings: a. education and preparapation of counselors, b. determination of competencies related with counselors, c. certification of counselors, d. applications and practices towards primary and secondary schools, e. application styles of Guidance and Counseling services for youth and children f. delivery patterns of Guidance and Counseling services for general population in Turkey and England. Moreover, some suggestion will be presented. Key Words: counseling and guidance services, counseling in Turkey, counseling in England 92

113 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Intimate Violence Responsibility Scale (IVRS) Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Mahir Gülşen Serap Aşut : The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Intimate Violence Responsibility Scale (IVRS; Yun & Vonk, 2011). The sample of this study consisted of 548 high school students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the twenty items loaded on four factors (minimization, violence recognition, partner blaming, and distal blaming). The amount of total variance explained was 48% and factor loadings ranged from.31 to.86. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=498.81, df=158, p= , RMSEA=.063, CFI=.90, IFI=.90, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.072). The internal consistency reliability coefficients of the four subscales were.71,.58,.77, and.64, respectively and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.26 to.68. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores. Keywords: intimate violence responsibility, validity, reliability 93

114 Proactive Personality and Authenticity Abdullah Akın, Turkey, The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between proactive personality and authenticity. Participants were 337 university students which are 180 female and 157 male. In this study, the Turkish version of the Proactive Personality Scale and the Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale were used. The relationships between proactive personality and authenticity were examined using correlation analysis. The result were analyzed SPSS Proactive personality correlated positively with authentic living factor of authenticity (r=.31, p<.01) and negatively with self-alienation (r= -.17, p<.05), and accepting external influence (r= -.13, p<.05) factors of authenticity. Key Words: proactivity, authenticity 94

115 An Investigation of the Relationships between Personal Growth Initiative and Authenticity Abdullah Akın, Turkey, This study aims to examine the possible links between personal growth initiative and authenticity. Participants were 297 university students 159 of whom (57%) were females and 138 (43%) were males. They were enrolled at a mid-size state University in Turkey. The Personal Growth Initiative Scale and the Authenticity Scale were used as measures. We examined using correlation relationship between personal growth initiative and authenticity. The result were analyzed SPSS The end of the result, findings showed that personal growth ınitiative correlated positively with authentic living factor of authenticity (r=.25, p<.01) and negatively with self-alienation (r= -.35, p<.01), and accepting external influence (r= -.20, p<.01) factors of authenticity. Key Words: authenticity, personal growth 95

116 Research on the Effects of Restorative Discipline Model on Peer Bullying and Violence in High Schools Ayşe Arzu Hanhan, Izmir, Turkey, The purpose of the research is to establish the prevalence of bullying and violent behaviour among students of general and vocational high schools of low-medium socio-economic status; and to evaluate the efficiency of Restorative Discipline Model in solving peer bullying and violence in a stable and constructive way. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods and techniques. To obtain quantitative data the sample group consisted of 561 students of grades 9, 10, 11 and 12 while the group that provided qualitative date consisted of 145 students and 31 various Restorative Practices involving bullying or violence problems. The quantitative data were analysed statistically and content analysis was applied to analyse the qualitative data. All of the 31 discipline problem cases were solved permanently and constructively. It can be inferred from the results that the Restorative Discipline Model is an effective tool for the solution of peer bullying and violence problems in high schools. Key Words: restorative discipline, peer bullying 96

117 A Study of the Relationship between Resiliency, Religious Belief and Post Menstruation Symptoms among Single College Students Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi, Mahabad Eslamic Azad University, İran Pourya Yazdizadeh Behnoush Sabayan The present research was aimed at comparing the mental health between retired women and women that are household in the city of Shiraz, İran. For this purpose, a sample of 524 retired and household women were selected in Shiraz city; Of these 524 participants, 262 are households women and 262 are retired women. The sampling method for this study for two groups was random sampling. Participants in this study has been asked to complete the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ,28). The results showed that there is a significant difference in the average mental health signs between these two groups of women; that is retired women have better mental health than household women (P<0.000, t=7.875). Women that were household in Iran, are in need of facilities and interventional programs aiming to improve general mental health. Key Words: mental health, women, households, retirement 97

118 Leading Level of Turkish Language Teachers to Students for Creative Activities: A Phenomenological Approach Merve Suroğlu Sofu, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected] Havva Yaman This research has been carried out to determine leading level of Turkish language teachers to their students for creative activities. Qualitative research method; among research designs, phenomenology technique has been used in the study. Data of the research have been collected via face-to-face conversations with Turkish language teachers. Content analysis has been applied to interview records on the purpose of data evaluation. Among content analysis types, categorical data analysis has been chosen. Categories have been formed after coding the data and the findings have been interpreted. Our results concluded that; Turkish language teachers accept some activities, included in the lecture books, as useful. These activities are particularly the ones releated to reading and writing, filling the blanks in a text, completing a poem or an essay, composing a story by visual reading of some given images, creative drama, composition exercises, painting according to a given story, speaking by choosen words from a concept pool, writing based upon the sensations. The teachers, on the other hand, principally canalize their students to brain storming, creative writing and creative speaking activities. Noise in the classroom is the mostly encountered problem during these implementations. Some suggestions to facilitate teachers leading level for creative activities, have been revealed according to the results of our study. Key Words: Turkish language teacher, creative activity 98

119 The Adaptation of Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire for High Schools to 8th Grade Students: The Examination of Factor Structure and Reliability Feride Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, Hüseyin Doğan Zeynep Hamamcı The purpose of present research was to adapt the Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDMDQ THS; Bacanli, 2008) to eight students. 880 (412 girls and 462 boys) students from 8th grade participated in this study. The participants age ranged from 13 to 15. Confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results indicated the factor structure of the CDMDQ for eight grade students was consistent with both the factor structure of the CDMDQ THS and also with the theoretical structure. Internal consistensy and test-re test reliabilities of the CDMDQ were similar to the reliabilities of the original questionnaire. The results were discussed in terms of related literature and recommendations were made for future research. Key Words: career decision making difficulties, factor analysis, 8th grade students 99

120 The Examination of Factor Structure and Reliability of CDDQ for High School Students Feride Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, Hüseyin Doğan Zeynep Hamamcı The purpose of present research was to re-examine the factor structure and validity of the Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDMDQ) was adapted to Turkish high school students by Bacanli (2008) and original the CDMDQ developed by Gati and Saka (2001), 1370 (706 girls, 649 boys and 15 unknown) students from 9th grade, 1221 (739 girls, 465 boys and 17 unknown) students from 10th grade, 884 (488 girls, 391 boys and 5 unknown) students from 11th grade, and 1268 (748 girls, 510 boys and 10 unknown) students from 12th grade participated in this study and the total participants were 4743 high school students. The participans age ranged from 12 to 18 years. Comfirmatory factor analysis and Pearson moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results indicated the factor structure of the re-examined CDMDQ for high school students was consistent with both the factor structure of the original questionnaire and also with the theoretical structure. Internal consistensy and test-re test reliabilities of the CDMDQ were similar to the reliabilities of the original questionnaire. The results were discussed in terms of related literature and recommendations were made for future research. Key Words: career decision making difficulties, factor analysis, high school students 100

121 Secondary Trauma and Media İsmail Balcı, United States, There is an increase in the number of disasters worldwide year by year. According to Ronan and Johnston (2005) approximately 2 billion people will be affected by disasters by Consequences of these disasters are differentiating from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to depression and anxiety (Aten, 2011). In DSM-III R (1987), a criterion for PTSD was experiencing an event that is outside the range of usual human experience. However, in DSM IV (1994), it is described as the person has experienced, witnessed, or been confronted with an event. With this change on the criteria, indirect exposure to a traumatic event could be traumatizing by itself and this process called as secondary trauma( Zurbriggen, 2011). With this new type of trauma, media needs an important focus as a way for people to experience indirect exposure to traumatic events. This review focuses on the role of media as a cause of secondary trauma. Key Words: secondary trauma, media, PTSD 101

122 It Looks Cloudy in M-Learning: Cloud Computing in Mobile Learning and its Positive Contributions to Education Abdulkadir Alsal, Hacettepe University, Turkey, By the end of the 20th Century, the developments in computer technology have enabled the e-learning capability with asynch and interactive synch features; and wireless lan (Wifi- Wimax) while the other developments in communications technologies (UMTS, EDGE and ¾ G) have led the way to e-learning with more flexible and wider ranges of use. Especially, at the beginning of the New Millenium, Palmtops with another saying PDA s, smartphones and finally hybrid tablets which possess the characteristics of both computer and smartphone specifications were introduced and become very popular in the market. This, have transformed e-learning to mobile learning (m-learning) with ubiquitive accesabilty. Now M-Learning, with its unique opportunities, has become an indispensible part of the business and education world. Cloud computing is a new cost effective and efficient technology making it possible to implement the m-learning capability which has offered a new dimension in the e-learning area. In the future It looks cloudy in education sector. In this paper, cloud computing and its positive contributions which directly support education are going to be discussed in detail. Key Words: M-Learning, cloud computing, cost-effective 102

123 Investigation of the Meanings Attributed by the Senior High School Students to the Concepts of School and Teacher according to Some Variables Nihan Çitemel Recep Uysal, Sakarya University, Turkey, The main objective of this desciptive study is to determine the meanings attributed by the senior high school students to the concepts of School and Teacher according to the different variables. The study participants were 111 (77 female and 34 male) senior high school students. The Personal Information Form and Identification of the Meanings Attributed to the Concept of High School and Teacher Questionnaire administered to the students to collect data. The Questionnaires were developed by the researchers for this study. The analyses were carried out via SPSS The results of this study show that; 1. Senior high school students attribute positive meanings to the concept of school. 2. Female students have more positive attributions to the concept of school than male students. 3. Students perception of socio-economic status affecst the attribution of students to the concept of school 4. Perceived academic achievement affecst the attribution of students to the concept of school 5. Students studying social sciences have more negative attributions to the concept of school than other areas. 6. Senior high school students attribute positive meanings to the concept of teacher. 7. Female students have more negative attributions to the concept of teacher than male students. 8. Students perception of socio-economic status affecst the attribution of students to the concept of teacher. 9. Attribution to the concept of teacher changes according to perceived academic achievement. Key Words: high school, teacher, attribution 103

124 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Online Counseling and Face-to-Face Counseling Attitudes Scale Ġbrahim Demirci, Sakarya University, Turkey, Ali Haydar ġar Abdullah Manap The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Online Counseling Attitudes Scale (OCAS) and Face-to-Face Counseling Attitudes Scale (OCAS) (Rochlen, Beretvas, & Zack, 2004). OCAS and FCAS loaded on four factors and the factors were named Value of Online Counseling (OC-V), Discomfort with Online Counseling (OC-D), Value of Face-to-Face Counseling (FC-V) and Discomfort with Face-to-Face Counseling (FC-D). The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the four dimensional model was well fit and Chi-Square value (x²=323,61, df=157, p= ) which was calculated for the adaptation of the model was found to be significant. The goodness of fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.056, NFI=.94, CFI=.96, IFI=.96, RFI=.92, GFI=.91, and SRMR=.071. Factor loadings ranged from.47 to.88. The internal consistency coefficients of four subscales were.84,.80,.88 and.78. Overall, findings demonstrated that OCAS and FCAS may be used as a valid and reliable instrument in order to assess attitudes toward online counseling and face to face counseling of individuals. Key Words: online counselling, psychological counseling attitudes, validiy, reliability, scale adaptation 104

125 The Strenght of Regional Boarding Primary School Students Personality Traits Proceduring of Conflict Resolution Behaviors Tuba Ceylan, Abdullah Sürücü The purpose of this research is examining what lewel students of YİBO s personality traits procedure conflict resolution behaviors. Population is consisting of students in secondary stages who are receiving education in regional boarding primary schools in Karaman province. Sample is composed of 325 students who are selected by randomly proportional group. Datums are collected by Hacettepe Personality Iventory that was improved by Özgüven in 1976 and Conflict Resolution Behavior Identification Scala that was improved by Koruklu in YIBO students general compliance properties are established as a significant predictor of problem solving and agressive behaviors in conflict resolution. General compliance properties explains five persent of problem solving behaviors and thirteen persent of agressive behaviors. On solving problem behavior, the most effective changeable is family relationship and on agressive behavior the most effective changeable is antisocial inclinations. Key Words: YIBO, conflict resolution, personality traits 105

126 A Turkish Version of Self-Reflection and Insight Scale Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Esra Yıldız : The aim of this research is to investigate validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-reflection and Insight Scale (Grant, Franklin, & Langford, 2002). The sample of this study consisted of 400 university students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the two-dimensional model was well fit (x²=486.06, sd=162, p=0.00, RMSEA=.071, NFI=.93, CFI=.95, IFI=.95, RFI=.91, SRMR=.088). The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were.87 for self-reflection subscale,.78 for insight subscale, and.87 for overall scale. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from.30 to.60. Overall findings demonstrated that Self-reflection Scale had high validity and reliability scores. Keywords: self-reflection, insight 106

127 An Investigation of Identity Status and Risk Taking Relations Ümit Morsünbül, Aksaray University, Turkey, One of the main developmental task in adolescence is identity development (Erikson,1968). Marcia (1966) proposed the identity status model which is kind of an operationalization of Erikson s ideas on identity. Marcia (1966) proposed four identity status. They are achievement, foreclosure, moratorium and diffusion identity status. It is showed that adolescents are more likely than adults to engage in risky behavior (Gardner and Steinberg, 2005). According to Erikson (1968) the most important and basic developmental task in adolescence is construction of identity. In the process of identity construction, adolescents make a lot of attempts related to life area. Some adolescents arrive at a clear and integrated identity, others end up in a state of identity confusion. In this process, adolescents show a lot of risk taking behaviors. The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether risk taking behavior differs according to identity status. A total of 315 adolescents participated in the study. Of these 150 were male and 165 were female. In this study, Extended Objective Measures of Ego Identity Status (Bennion & Adams, 1986) and Risk Taking Scale (Bayar and Sayıl, 2005) were used. The results of the study demonstrated that identity status differentiated by risk taking behavior and males had higher risk taking score than females. The findings were discussed in the context of identity status and risk taking behavior in adolescence. Key Words: identity status, risk taking 107

128 The Investigation of Career Indecision of High School Students: Personal Indecisiveness and Anxiety as Predictors of Career Indecision Kemal Öztemel, Gazi University, Turkey, The main purpose of this study is to examine if personal indecisiveness and state-trait anxiety of high school students predict their career indecision. Additional purpose of the current study is to investigate effects of the factors (gender, school type, grade level, decision status, and getting help status) on career indecision of high school students. The study group consists of 319 (197 female and 122 male) students from 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grade students in high schools. Career Decision Inventory, Personal Indecisiveness Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Scale and Personal Information Form were used to collect data. Multiple Regression Analysis and t test were used to analyze data. Exploratory indecisiveness scale scores and state anxiety scale scores together accounted for a significant proportion of the variance (20%) of the career indecision. Exploratory indecisiveness is seen to be the most powerful predictor of the career indecision. It was found that career indecision scores and five sub-scale scores of the student have varied significantly when considering decision status and school type. The findings have been discussed in the light of the literature. Key Words: career indecision, personal indecisiveness, exploratory indecisiveness, impetuous indecisiveness, state-trait anxiety, adolescents 108

129 Is Our Exam Anxiety Decreased by Growth? Üzeyir Oğurlu Recep Uysal, Sakarya University, Turkey, Using standart achievement tests in education to evaluate student achievement made a positive effect on achievement but on the other hand it can raise exam anxiety. The increase in the amount of standardized testing cause pressure on school administrators, teachers and parents to raise students test scores ( Wren ve Benson, 2004). The increase in standardized testing will likely lead to an increase in test anxiety. When achievement test scores are influenced by test anxiety, the scores can be low than expected. Standart achievement tests are also used in Turkish educational system. High school entrance exam (SBS) after primary scool, university entrance exams (YGS-LYS) after high school and civil servant selection exam (KPSS) after graduation from university are common standart exams in Turkey. Millions of students enter these exams every year and have exam anxiety. This study intends to find out the exam anxiety level of the students who are preparing for the high school entrance exam (SBS), university entrance exam (YGS-LYS) civil servant selection exam (KPSS) and compare the exam anxiety levels according to age. The study participants are going to be 390 students The Test Anxiety Scale adopted to Turkish by Öner (1986) and personal information form are going to administer to the students. The results are going to carry out via SPSS Key Words: exam anxiety, growht, SBS, YGS-LYS, KPSS. 109

130 Self-Compassion as a Protective Factor for Depression, Anxiety and Stress: A Research on Turkish University Students Zumra Ozyesil, Istanbul Arel University, Turkey, [email protected] Muge Akbag The empirical study aims to examine the predictive power of self-compassion on depression, anxiety and stress among Turkish university students. The study was designed in correlative investigation model. A total number of 522 university students (360 female, 162 male) were participated in the study. The data were obtained using the Self- Compassion Scale (SCS- Neff, 2003) adapted to Turkish culture by Deniz, Kesici & Sümer (2008) ; Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS- Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) was adapted to Turkish culture by Akın & Çetin (2007) and a Personal Information Form was prepared by the researchers. The results showed that there were no gender differences in terms of selfcompassion. Correlation analysis was indicated that self-compassion scores were negatively correlated with depression (r= -.42, p<.001), anxiety (r= -.37, p<.001) and stress scores (r= -.46, p<.001). Moreover, as a result of the regression analysis, it was found that selfcompassion scores explained 18% of total variance in depression scores, 14% of total variance in anxiety scores, and 21% of total variance in stress scores. According to these results, it was concluded that self-compassion plays a role as predictive factor of depression, anxiety and stress in university students. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature. Key Words: self-compassion, depression, anxiety, stress, university students 110

131 Teaching Writing Strategies in Portuguese Language Classes Using The Self- Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) Model Sara Ferreira, University of Coimbra, Miriam Inácio Carla Sousa Maria Prata Maria Isabel Festas Albertina Oliveira José Rebelo The aim of this paper is to present some key information about the project Teaching writing strategies (FCT - PTDC/CPE-CED/102010/2008). This project intends to improve writing skills, and provide instruction support in Portuguese education using evidence-based practices, to promote students educational success in order to diminish the low achievement, and retention of Portuguese students. Our main goals are to adapt some of the writing strategies of the Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) model (Harris, Graham, Mason, & Friedlander, 2008), specifically the planning of an opinion essay, and to verify the effects of strategy instruction on writing performance through a quasi-experimental study involving a sample of 507 8th graders from six schools in the urban area of Coimbra. The first results clearly demonstrate an effect size that indicates a magnitude difference between the two groups. Thus the findings from all assessment procedures show that the experimental group scores are higher. Key Words: self-regulated learning, text composition, writing, writing strategies 111

132 What Is Happening to the Students on Social Media? Şefika Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Mehmet Menteşe Do you think that social media is harmful to students? Do you think that social media should be controlled? If your answer to these questions is Yes this study is for you. Today, technology is progressing fast and everyday a new social media tool is popular. To be in these platforms is getting more and more popular among the students. However, it can be said that there aren t many studies on the effects of the social media. In this study the effects of the social media on the students academic and social lives have been handled. In this study how social media tools and platforms affect the students academic and social lives has been discussed at the focus group meetings with both the students and their parents. While confirming some information we have, findings indicate that we should also revise some other information we have. Key Words: social media, the effects of the social media 112

133 Effect of Social Media Addiction to Studets Lives Şefika Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Kenan İli Are being in social media environments and using their tools addictive? If it s so, under which conditions does the addiction take place? How does it affect lives? In this study, the answers to these questions were investigated theoretically and functionally from students point of view. Today, it is argued that students spend majority of their daily lives in the social media. The possible bad effects of this on students cause a growing concern. In this research, we ve studied under which circumstances and conditions the social media tools usage cause addiction and possible effects of them on student s daily lives. During focus group works done with the students, we ve discussed which social media tools they use, what kind of environments they are in, patterns of use and frequency. While findings obtained justify the concerns, they reveal the hints of how this situation may be handled. Key Words: social media, effect of social media 113

134 Leadership in School Management in the Storm of Uncertainty Nihan Potas, Gazi University, Turkey, Nilay Neyişci Imagine a pilot who is trying to fly an airplane with damaged displays in to a violent storm. In such a situation, it can be considered that the pilot does not prefer a storm restricting his vision. However, does the absence of the storm change the situation? Certainly a plane with hundreds of passengers and damaged displays being on air has already been an unexpected condition. In such case, consider the passengers. It can be assumed that they think the pilot had received necessary training for this scenario and could overcome the situation despite the storm. Just like the pilot, in almost every area the leaders are expected in the storm created by risk and uncertainty to act more consciously and consistently than others and manage the process as possible with confidence. First of all, how individual school administrators perceive uncertainty is important to manage the uncertainty as leaders. Yet sometimes it can be vital as safely landing of airplane by the pilot despite damaged displays and stormy weather. How school administrators perceive uncertainty? In this study, 58 school administrators participated voluntarily to the process of the determination of what individual level uncertainty behaviors are. And based on the study results we discussed the effect of enhancing the school principals level of coping with uncertainty on constitution of learning together, sharing, cooperation and team spirit. Key Words: leadership, uncertainty 114

135 Turkish Version Resiliance Apraisals Scale: The Study of Validity and Reliability Hakan Sarıçam Azmi Bayram İlbay, Sakarya University, Turkey, Mehmet Çardak Recep Uysal Positive self-appraisal may be important in buffering individuals from negative thoughts in the face of stressful life events.these are appraisals of the individual s ability to cope with emotions, solve problems, and gain social support. The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Resiliance Apraisals Scale (RAS; Johnson et al., 2008). Participants were 350 university students from Sakarya University. Scale is a 12- item self-report measurement consisting of there sub-scales. Each item was rated on a 5- point likert scale (1= strongly disagree 5=strongly agree).in this study firstly, the language equivalency between English and Turkish forms were tested by five philologists and academicians and along with some corrections this scale was prepared for validity and reliability analyses. The confirmatory factor analysis was executed to confirm the original scale s structure in Turkish culture. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found between.74 and.86. The test-retest reliability scores were vary between.78 and.89. Also the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.46 to.71. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as a valid and reliable instrument in order to assess resiliance appraisals of individuals. Key Words: resiliance, appraisal, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis 115

136 Validation and Reliability Study of The Child and Adolescent Scale of Irrationality (CASI) Figen Akça Sertan Kağan Gülçilem Şahin, Aksaray University, Turkey, It is noteworthy that there are limited scales aimed at understanding irrational thoughts in the rarely-seen children, in our country. It is thought that such a deficiency obstructs understanding irrational thoughts lying under test-anxieties generated by our country s educational system especially in children and adolescents. It is predicted that such a scale will enable us to search irrational thoughts in children and adolescents and thus be an important guide for the states as anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. The Child and Adolescent Scale of Irrationality (CASI) that developed by Bernard and Cronan (1999) was prepared considering the theory, in which Ellis propounded the affects of irrational thoughts on emotions and behaviours. The Scale consists of 49 questions and is in the form of five-point likert. Researchers have completed the reliability and validation of the scale following the search they carried out with 567 children and adolescents. In this study, after the scale was translated from English by 3 field experts, it was translated from Turkish by 3 field experts, then test application was done on a group consisted of 20 students and especially the incomprehensible elements of expressions were reviewed. Later, CASI was applied to 500 children and adolescents with Depression Scale for Children (Adapter: Öy, 1991) and Automatic Thoughts Scale (Adapters: Aydın & Aydın, 1990; Şahin & Şahin, 1992) and its validation studies were done. As reliability studies, test was applied to 110 children and adolescents two times, 20 days apart. The findings which is obtained during reliability and validity study support the CASI as reliable and valid. Key Words: irrational thoughts, children, adolescents, validity and reliability. 116

137 Validity and Reliability of the Turkish version of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the The Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II (CEI-II, Kashdan et al., 2009). The sample of study consists of 524 university students. Results of language equivalency showed that the correlations between Turkish and English forms varied between.65 and.86. The total variance explained was 44% and factor loadings ranged from.50 to.75. Fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.028, NFI=.98, CFI=.99, GFI=.98, and SRMR=.033. Internal consistency reliability coefficient was.72 and test-retest reliability coefficient was.87. These results demonstrate that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument. Key Words: validity and reliability, curiosity, exploration inventory 117

138 Is It Possible for Teachers to Motivate Their Managers via Their Attitudes? Sibel Doğan Nuray Saylan, Turkey, Öznur Özsoy Is it possible for teachers to motivate their managers via their attitudes? Most of the studies that have been released up to now, are related to the effect of managers attitude on the teachers motivation. What would be the opposite situation? What kind of attitudes belonging to teachers do affect on school administration s motivation? In our research to which we have got started with these questions, we have three elementary schools. The reason for determining these schools was the number of teachers that they employ. Being a qualitative study, semi-structured interview technique has been adopted. This study aims demonstrate that the school administrator would be motivated with teachers attitudes, to detect what kind of attitudes would affect the school administrator s motivation and relate these finding with the number of teachers. Key Words: teacher, motivate, managers 118

139 The Legal Arrangements for Children at Risk in Turkey ( ) Zehra İlbars, Hacettepe University, Turkey, The purpose of this study is to determine Who are the children at risk and in this context? What are the legal arrangements between 2005 and 2012 and in this regard develop new possible proposals. Especially in recent years, more intensively in developing countries, the number of children who are under hard circumstances or at risk is increasing. Children live at risk not only social situations (suc as uneducated and poor family) throughout the society. In this study scanning model will be used. All literature will be scanned on this subject and a comparison will be made. This study will contribute new things to the literature and after all the scope of children at risk in Turkey will be specified. The public attention will be drawn to new legal arrangements for children at risk. Findings of this study will contibute to scientific discussion. Key Words: children, risk, legal arrangements 119

140 Would Drama Be a Method to Improve the Emotional Intelligence of Candidate Teachers? Nihan Potas, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected] Nuray Kısa Ayşegül Oğuz Schools are the places where we live many complicated feelings. You should have also lived moments like; being happy by the hair cressing of your teacher or being frustrated when she gets angry the times that you have chat with your friend. Nowadays these emotional experiences most of them stem from the teacher manner- have become an important isssue to investigate and improving the emotional intelligence of candidate teachers has become an important issue at teacher training process. We investigated whether drama can be used as a method to improve the emotional intelligence of candidate teachers or not by the volunteerly participated candidates in this experimental study. We will discover if drama effects the emotional intelligence or not by focusing the candidate teachers with this study findings together with you. Key Words: duygusal zeka, drama 120

141 A Study of the Relationship between Resiliency, Religious Belief and Post Menstruation Symptoms among Single College Students Esmaeil Sadridamirchi, Iran, Puya Yazdizadeh Behnoush Sabayan The current research study of the relationship between resilience, religious belief and post menstrual symptoms (PMS) among single college students in the Ahvaz, İran. The average age of participants in this study were between years. A sample of 230 college student were selected in Ahvaz city. The sampling method for this study is cluster sample. A 25 item questioner was developed using the ALPORT model for measuring religious beliefs and a 22 item PMS questioner was used for measuring post menstruation symptoms descriptive statistic and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used for analyzing the results and the analysis was carried out at a significant difference of (0.01).The results showed significant negative correlation between resilience and PMS. The higher the student\'s resilience, the rate of PMS decreased. The relationship between religious belief and PMS also showed a significant negative correlation. Key Words: resilience, religious beliefs, post menstrual symptoms 121

142 The Effect of Parental Attitudes and Negative Automatic Thoughts on Problem Solving Skills of Adolescents: Where Gender Takes Place? Seval Erden İmamoğlu, Marmara University, Turkey, Thepurpose of this study is to examine the predictive power of parental attitudesand negative automatic thoughts on adolescents problem solving skills in termsof gender. The sample contains 409 students from seventieth gradeprimary school students. Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Parental AttitudesScale, and Problem Solving Inventory were used as measurement. To analyze thedata, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were employed. Results showed that there was a significant relationship among study variablesbut when the relationships were examined in terms of gender, some differences emerged.findings showed that,automatic thoughts predicted confidence in the ability to problem-solving andpersonal control skills for both gender, whereas it predictedapproach-avoidance skill for only girls. When parental attitudes were takeninto consideration, it is seen that democratic attitude had a predictive power onconfidence in the ability to problem-solving and approach-avoidance for bothgender. However, in this skill, protective and authoritarian attitudes workedas different predictor in terms of gender. Finally, with the automaticthoughts, all kinds of attitudes had a predictive power on personal control forgirls. However it was predicted by only democratic attitude for boyadolescents Key Words: parental attitudes, problem solving skills, negative automatic thoughts, adolescents, primary school 122

143 The Administrative Problems that Primary School Teachers Have Confronted During the Duty Service and to Evaluate these Problems in the Context of Organizational Justice İlknur Algın, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Teachers are obliged to be on duty to help the education carried out successfully in schools. What the responsibilities and the tasks of the Duty Teacher are clearly stated in the regulations and special instructions. But it is the responsibility of school administration to decide the time and the place of the duty service of teachers.the purpose of this study is to determine the administrative problems that primary school teachers have confronted during the duty service and to evaluate these problems in the context of organizational justice. The study group in this research comprises 30 primary school teachers who accepted to be interviewed. It is a descriptive study and the data will be collected through interviews including at least 6 semi-structured questions. The data will be analyzed through content analysis and will be reported with frequencies and percentages together with datum by datum narrations and quotations. Some recommendations will be made concomitant with the obtained results. Key Words: duty teacher, duty service, organizational justice 123

144 The Views of Educational Supervisors on Their Responsibility for Enabling Children to Attend School Zeynep Karaman, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Uğur Karaman The right to education is one of the most fundamental rights that are inalienable for children. To take necessary action on this issue might be possible through both enabling children to attend school and also making them take maximum advantage of educational facilities that are responsive to present and future needs of children. Absenteeism (nonattendance) may lead to a process that might hinder children s right to education and even result in children s dropouts. To enable children to attend school is a common responsibility of all education stakeholders. To put a stop to school absenteeism might be possible via raising awareness of all education stakeholders and their common effort and attempt in order to work off the reasons of absenteeism. Educational supervisors are responsible for enabling children attend school and monitoring this process. This research is aiming to determine correlation between the views of educational supervisors on their responsibility for enabling children and their demographic characteristics. Among demographic characteristics: educational supervisors age group, education level, gender and length of service will be taken into account. Key Words: right to education, educational supervisors, school attendance 124

145 The Assessment of Exposure to Violence and Anger Levels of Athletes Elif Karagün, Kocaeli University, Turkey, Çiğdem Çağlayan The purpose of this study, to explore exposure to violence and to evaluate its relationship with the level of anger of athletes This descriptive study of 131 athletes in any sport club and socio-demographic characteristics of violence in the form of information that determines the State-Trait Anger Scale was applied. 53.4% of athletes surveyed were male, 46.6% women, mean age 20.9±2.9; 77.1% of athletes (101) exposed to violence, of which 87.1% sports media, while 12.9% reported non-sports environments. psychological violence is the most common type of violence(50.4% ). Have an important role in the education of athletes coaches, most athletes coaches were practicing violence. Anger levels were analyzed, the total average score of anger, in exposed to violence athletes 73.5±8.9, and non exposed athletes 67.9±7.3 is found and this difference was also found to be statistically significant. Violence is widespread violence in sports environments, in which anger scores of athletes who are high. For this reason, informed about the issue of violence in sport coaches education is important. Key Words: training of athletes, violence, athletes, anger 125

146 An Analysis of University Students Acceptance Levels of Dating Violence Ahmet Yumuşak, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, Şefika Sürücü Dating is generally described as an agreement which describes the expectations of men and women, having potential for a romantic relationaship, in bilateral relations that is coherent with the expectations and gender roles, (Rose & Frieze, 1993). The intentional sexual physical and phychological attack of someone, who is flirting with an other person, is called dating violence. This definiton is consistent with the description of World Health Organisation (2002) Intentional use of physical violence and force against his self, another person or a group or a community and possibly resulted in injury, psychological harm, or loss or which are likely to result in them. This study aimed to betray the university students acceptance levels of dating violence and compare the men s and women s acceptance levels of violence. Therofore, this research is important about betraying the differentiation of perceptions related to the violence in univercity students emotional relationships. The sample of the research is consist of 4 grade students of a university in Central Black Sea Region. Acceptance of Couple Violence Scale, adapted to Turkish by Sezer in 2008, is applied to the participants. Key Words: violence, dating violence, emotional relationship, emotional violence in the relationship 126

147 Analysis of Using Social Media Habits of Academics Şefika Sürücü, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, Ahmet Yumuşak Social Media is called the whole of the web-based applications on Web 2.0, that allow to produce and develop ideological and technological contents, structurings in a user centered way (Kaplan ve Haenlein, 2010). People use social media as a tool to get news and to communicate with friends (Bostancı, 2010). The research made by the researchers examine the social media usage habits of academics and their preferences in usage of social media. This research is important in revealing the social media usage habits of academics who works in university. The study group of this research is consist of the 20 volunteer academics that accept using social media and works in a faculty of university in Central Black Sea Region. In this study a form was prepared by researchers to determine social media habits of academics. This form was given to 3 volunteer academics in each faculty who use social media. This form is consist of questions about demographic information, closed-ended questions about determining the social media usage habits and preferences. The data will be analyzed using content analysis method and the findings discussed according to the literature. Key Words: social media, habits of academics 127

148 Developing a Program for Overcoming Academic Procrastination for University Students: A Pilot Study Meryem Demir, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected] Ayşe Sibel Türküm Students have to fulfill their responsibilities with managing time in order to be successful during university education. But some behavior styles or habits intercept them to be successful at university education. One of this behavior styles or habits is academic procrastination. Academic procrastination is putting off preparing for exams, doing homework and administrative work without a reason until getting anxious. Because of the negative results of academic procrastination such as academic failure, anxiety, depression, the researches to reduce academic procrastination are important. A few research were made in Turkey indicate that university students exhibit of academic procrastination behavior. But there isn t any research about counseling to overcome academic procrastination in Turkey. This research is include of processing to develop overcome to academic procrastination program in accord with Turkish culture. This program is eight sessions and include cognitive, motivational and skill dimensions of academic procrastination. Also this program include using technics such as role playing, behavior practice and homework and using video, films. This program carried out with eight students at Anadolu University. Key Words: overcoming academic procrastination, counseling, group program 128

149 The Relationship between Early Separation Anxiety, Attachment Styles and Adjustment Erdal Hamarta Engin Deniz, Selçuk University, Turkey, Coşkun Arslan Bülent Dilmaç The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between early separation anxiety, attachment styles and adjustment. The participants of study are 158 female and 105 male university students. Their ages are between and age means are (Ss:0.51). To collect data personal information form, The Separation Anxiety Symptom Scale (Ceyhan, 2000), Raynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (adapted to Turkish by Meric, 2007) and The Inventory of Experiences on Close Relationships (Sumer, 2006) were used. According to results, there is a significant positive correlation between early separation anxiety and adjustment high points state general adjustment of people- (r=.26, p<.001). There is also significant positive correlation between early separation anxiety and avoidance - dimension of attachment styles- (r=.13, p<.05). Another significant positive correlation between early separation anxiety and anxiety -dimension of attachment styles- (r=.40, p<.001) was found. These results show that early separation anxiety correlate with adjustment and attachment styles. Key Words: anxiety, attachment styles and adjustment 129

150 Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Physics Laboratory Anxiety Level of University Students N. İzzet Kurbanoğlu, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected] Ahmet Akın University students achievements in physics laboratory depend on cognitive variables. In addition, non-cognitive variables such as anxiety levels also have an impact on students physics laboratory achievements. The present study reports the development and score validation of an instrument for measuring physics laboratory anxiety students experience in physics laboratory. Factor analytic evidence from a sample (n=557) of university physics students shows the Physics Laboratory Anxiety Scale (PLAS) is a uni-dimensional scale. The amount of total variance explained by one factor was nearly 52%. For convergent validity the relationships between the physics laboratory anxiety and general anxiety was found as.41. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale, using Cronbach alpha, for was.94. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as an efficient instrument in order to assess anxiety level of physics laboratory students. Keywords: physics laboratory anxiety, reliability, validity 130

151 The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Personal Self-concept Questionnaire (PSCQ) Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Esra Yıldız : The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Personal Self-concept Questionnaire (PSCQ; Goñi, Madariaga, Axpe, & Goñi, 2011). The sample of this study consisted of 400 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the eighteen items loaded on four factors (self-fulfillment, autonomy, emotional adjustment, and honesty). The amount of total variance explained was 50% and factor loadings ranged from.29 to.76. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=323.11, df=125, p= , RMSEA=.063, CFI=.92, IFI=.92, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.070). The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was.64 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.28 to.53. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores. Keywords: validity and reliability, personal self-concept questionnaire 131

152 Music Therapy Seljukian and Ottoman Hospitals Gülşen Erdal, Turkey, İlknur Erbaş The research is a survey model and consists of surveys for music therapy practices in the period of Ottomans and Seljukians is assessed as the first serious music therapy practices. The survey model is a research approach which aims to describe a past or present situation as it exists. In the survey, the individual or the object which is subject to the research is tried to be described as it exists and in its own circumstances Music therapy, has gained a valid seat today with the methods Turkish people developed through hospitals built in accordance with this treatment method in Seljukian and Ottoman period. Famous Turkish scientists and doctors also endeavoured a lot in music therapy made with the tunes used in Turkish music and (made with) instruments. In building darüşşifas which was used to reach the aim of music therapy especially used to treat mental patients in Seljukians and Ottomans, the requirements of this treatment were also considered. Thus, Turkish people lit the way for the development of music therapy centuries ago. Key Words: music therapy, seljukian and ottoman hospitals 132

153 Emotional Problems of University Students A Srı Lankan Study Mangalika Hettiarachchi, [email protected] Weight given for counselling in Sri Lankan Universities was very low until recent times. In 1998, the first personal counselling unit was established at the University of Kelaniya and this descriptive research presents the data gathered over 13 years from students (1500) of 4 Faculties. Equal percentage of male (49.7%) and female (50.3%) first year students have come for counseling; 96% of them were from rural areas and the emotional problems of them were related to low family income, difficulty in adjusting to the university environment with English language barrier. Separated parents and feeling of rejection were the common problems of city students. From the second year, majority of female students (74%) have come for counselling and the major issues were connected to relationship problems. Common emotional problems encountered by the final year students were pressure of academic work and uncertainty about the future. As these stress factors are inevitable counselling could support the students to develop balanced personalities. Key Words: emotıonal problems, university students 133

154 Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in The Body of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case İlknur Maya, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Universty, Turkey, Ş. Şule Erçetin Compared to the previous centuries, twentieth century facilitated mobility and speed to humans, and enabled them to work in race and in change and thus lead their lives (Norfolk, quoted by Ertekin, 1993). Therefore, the word stress has become an indispensable part of both daily life and organisational life. This research aims at displaying in which issues educational managers experience stress and how they manage the stress. The research, which is in the form of qualitative design, uses the interview method. The study group was composed of eight educational managers- namely, the province manager of national education, vice managers and department managers. The research uses a semi-structured interview form since it aims to collect in-depth data. The data collected were analysed on the basis of pre-determined themes according to the questions. The research has found that educational managers suffer from stress due to change, too much work load, injustice in the distribution of duties, illegal/ out-of- legislation applications, staff s incorrect/ insufficient fulfillment of duties, financial scarcity, imbalance of authority-responsibility, and top managers authoritarian attitudes. On the other hand, educational managers were found to employ individual methods rather than organisational methods in managing the stress, and it was found that they did not receive expert support. Key Words: educational managers, stress management, national education 134

155 Kazım Karabekir Pasha s Studies for Musical Education During World War I and National Struggle Ayşegül Dinç, Erzincan University, Turkey, [email protected] Kazim Karabekir Pasha, who lived during a period that changes occurred in all layers consisting culture as well as Turkish geographical boundaries, took place in many stages of the change and was one of the leading figures not only in military field, but also in social areas such as education. Karabekir Pasha; as commander, educator and leader; had the opinion that the most important factor of a nation s success is education. He made great contributions in the field of education as well as military achievements of Turkish Nation. Karabekir Pasha; who could see very much beyond the days of his present age and could transfer his perspective broadness of vision to educational policy; kept music at a very important point and started fine arts education in schools which he built. In this study, it s aimed to attract attention on Karabekir Pasha as a commander, statesman, educator, and on his applied music education programs by describing music education in schools which he built in accordance with his educational opinions within the atmosphere of World War I and the National Struggle. Key Words: musical education, program 135

156 Examining University Students Self-Compassion and Compassionate Love Levels in Terms Of Perceived Parental Attitudes Mehmet Kaya Halime Eker, Sakarya University, Turkey, The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between university students selfcompassion and compassionate love levels and perceived parental attitudes. An another purpose of this research is to examine the differences self-compassion, compassionate love and perceieved parental attitudes in terms of gender, number of siblings, birth order and perceived income status. The sample of this study was composed of 326 undergraduate students from different departments of the University of Sakarya. 230 female and 96 male took part. The Parental Attitude Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, Compassionate Love Scale and data collection form were used as measurement instrument. In consequence of this research it s found out that there are significant relations between self-compassion, compassionate love and parental attitudes. It has been found the students had high level self-compassion who perceived parental attitudes as democratic and low level self-compassion who perceived parental attitudes as authoritative and protective. The students had high level compassionate love who perceived parental attitudes authoritative and protective. It has determined that perceived authoritative and protective parental attitudes differ in terms of gender, democratic parental attitudes differ in terms of number of siblings and compassionate love level differs in terms of gender. It has emerged that there is a negative relationship between self-compassion and compassionate love. Key Words: self-compassion, compassionate love, perceived parental attitudes 136

157 Guide Teacher Perceptions of Gazi University Students Hasan Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, Nazife Üzbe The individuals behave and respond as based on the perception in their minds. As related to guide teacher, the individuals will behave and respond according to the guide teacher perceptions in their minds. In this framework, determining the individuals guide teacher perceptions and the important traits of the ideal guide teacher is important. In this study, the guide teacher perceptions of the students at various departments of Gazi University are determined. Sıfatlara Dayalı Kişilik Testi (SDKT; Adjective Based Personality Test) which developed for measuring personality traits according to big-five personality theory, is used. The obtained results are analyzed in the base of the departments and their implications are discussed. Key Words: guide teacher, guide teacher perception, SDKT 137

158 Quadruple Thinking as Preventive Guidance Activity Hasan Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, The task of education is to teach good thinking, not to give information or to get the students acquired much knowledge. Quadruple Thinking (QT; Dört Katlı Düşünme Modeli) developed to fulfill this purpose, suggests that four thinking forms (critical, creative, caring and hopeful) have to teach and to be handled together. QT as thinking education model, is constructed as comprising guidance and counseling services as well as education. QT is both an attempt to make useful the basic techniques of cognitive therapy in education as selfcorrection activities and a way to look well and positively to the students self, the others, the affairs and the nature in the frame of preventive guidance. In this study, the similarities and common features of QT to cognitive psychotherapy were described and it is possible implications as preventive guidance activity is emphasized. Key Words: quadruple thinking, thinking education, preventive guidance 138

159 Preferences of Turkish Learners of Efl in Developing Reading Skills at B1 (Threshold) Level Özkan Kırmızı, Gülay Sarıçoban, Hacettepe University, This study aims at scrutinizing the preferences of freshman Turkish learners of English at B1 (Threshold) level regarding the Common European Framework. For this reason, a questionnaire was designed by the researcher and validated by the experts of the field in various universities in Turkey. Then, it was administered to 100 learners at Başkent University. The results were analyzed by the help of SPSS Then, relying on the findings obtained in this study, a bank of reading passages was built up as a result of extensive search from many sources. These passages were evaluated on the basis of a number of criteria and the ones to be used in developing reading skills were selected. The selected passages were categorized under the seven most favorite themes determined by the questionnaire and an additional unit business was added. As a result, a syllabus containing eight units was suggested. Key Words: reading skills, freshmen Turkish learners of English, B1 (threshold) level, the common european framework 139

160 The Language Policy of Kemal Atatürk in 1928, the Change of Arabic Script to Latin Alphabet Özkan Kırmızı, Hacettepe University, Turkey, Gülay Sarıçoban This study tries to explore the language policies of Kemal Atatürk, the founder of Turkish Republic, in 1928 by referring to the changes from Arabic Script to Latin Alphabet. At the outset a brief introduction is given and then the birth and development of the revolution is given with special reference to the situation of the Turkish language before the establishment of the republic and at the time of the republic. Next the stages of the Turkish Language reform are analyzed in terms of aims, the new script, early republican era, and script reformation as language policies. After that Kemalism and language reform and the results have been examined. At the end of the study gains and drawbacks of the reform are discussed. Key Words: language policy, Kemal Atatürk, Arabic script, Latin alphabet 140

161 The Use of Humor in Psychological Counselling Bahtiyar Eraslan Çapan, Anadolu University, Turkey, Erdal Baştaş Humour is the ability of a person to see the funny side in situations and it is an integral part of human behaviour and everyday life. Research has shown that humor holds valuable power to increase psychological well-being. Purpose of the study is to examine the use of humor in psychological counseling. For better understanding of the use of humor in counseling, concept of humor, the place of humor in human life and humor theories are given. Focused on the purposes for which humor is used by the client and counselor in counseling, emphasized on appropriate uses of humor and how it can benefit the therapeutic relationship. Key Words: humor, psychological counselling, psychological counsellor 141

162 The Relationship between Depression and Resilience: An Emprical Research in Terms of Some Variables on University Students Uğur Gürgan, Balıkesir University, Turkey, Hatice Dursun The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between depression and resilience among undergraduate students from International University of Sarajevo (IUS) and International Burch University and Necatibey Education Faculty at Balıkesir University. The sample of the study consisted of 472 students (242 female and 230 male); 187 of them from International University of Sarajevo and 16 of them from International Burch University and 269 of them from NecatibeyFaculty of Education at Balıkesir University. In this study that has a descriptive quality; frequency, arithmetic mean, independent t-test and variance analysis are used in order to analyze the data. A demographic data form developed by the researcher, The Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1979), and Resilience Scale (Gürgan, 2006) were used to collect data. The results demonstrated that there is significantly negative correlation between depression and resilience. Further, no significant difference was found between female students and male students in their both depression and resilience levels. This study has been conducted on Turkish undergraduate students who study in International University of Sarajevo and Balikesir University in order to examine the correlation between their level of depression and resilience. Gender differences have been also examined. Beck Depression Inventory and Resilience Scale were applied to those students in order to analyze those relationships. The results of this study have demonstrated that there is a negative correlation between depression and resilience among undergraduate students. Key Words: depression, resilience, university students 142

163 Turkish version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES) Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Umran Akın : The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES; Rimes & Chalder, 2010). The sample of this study consisted of 363 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the twelve items loaded on one factor. The amount of total variance explained was 33% and factor loadings ranged from.30 to.62. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=88.34, df=51, p= , RMSEA=.044, NFI=.90, CFI=.95, IFI=.96, GFI=.96, SRMR=.050). The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was.71 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.27 to.45. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores. Keywords: beliefs about emotions scale, validity and reliability 143

164 Comparison of the Ways of Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills Of Social and Mathematical Sciences Students during Problem Solving Process Esra Aslan, Marmara University, Turkey, This research aims to study the differences, if any, in the ways of thinking of the students studying social and mathematical sciences while solving the problems that require social or analytical thinking and to analyze the relationship between problem solving approaches and creative thinking skills. The research data were obtained from 243 undergraduates; 138 in social sciences and 105 in mathematical sciences. As data collection tools, social and analytical-theme problem scale, Torrance Creative Thinking Tests and demographical information form were used. It was observed that there are some differences between students ways of thinking in problem solving and there is a relation between score types of creative thinking skills and the approaches for problem solving. Some differences were found in favor of mathematical sciences students in both problems that require social analytical thinking skills. Key Words: problem solving approach, creative thinking, problem solving in social sciences, problem solving in mathematical sciences 144

165 Father Training Program for Promoting Self-Determination of Adolescents Ercan Kocayörük, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, Self-determination is a combination of skills, knowledge and the beliefs that enables a person to engage in goal-directed, self-regulated and self determined. The importance of parent for adolescent to development and the expression of self-determination has been increased. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to examine the effectiveness of father Training (FAT), based on the self-determination point of view through evaluating the effects of the training, if any, on themselves and on the relations with their children. The evaluation form was designed by the researcher and contained separated two parts. First one is designed to rate the training process and the trainer, and second part designed to evaluate the training by answering the following five open-ended questions: a) In what ways have you been affected by the group work? b) Could you please explain your thoughts and emotions during the meetings? c) What was the most important or valuable topic for you in the training? Why? d) What have you learned about yourself as a father and e) What have you learned about your interaction or relationship with your children? The parent evaluation forms were completed during the final week of the program. Content analysis was then used to analyze the information provided. The findings study revealed that the training helped fathers to develop more positive interactions with their children. Fathers reported in the evaluation form that they attempted to apply new communication skills in the relation with their children. Specifically, fathers indicated that new communication skills such as I messages, active listening, body language and expressing feelings were useful techniques to be applied in the relation with their children.\'\' Key Words: father training, self-determination, adolescents 145

166 Discrimination Against Women in Education Mehmet Murat, Gaziantep University, Turkey, The present study aims to highlight the perception of students about such important issues as discrimination against women, violence surfaced as a result of discrimination, alienation, inequality between women and men, and women s isolation from the work life. A total of 50 students participated in the study. Individual interviews were conducted. The interview transcriptions were inductively analyzed, and categories and codes were discovered. The results indicated that the students believed that because of cultural reasons, it is not proper to remove traditional roles of women and men from course materials. They maintained that equal opportunities must be provided for women to actively attend sports and physical education for the assurance of equality. Key Words: discrimination against women, gender inequality, violence, students beliefs, isolation. 146

167 Substance Habits in Kosovo Ramazan Abaci Berkant Başa, Sakarya University, Turkey, Nalan Kazaz The goal of this study is to examine the substance habits in Kosovo. By using an inductive and multi-level method approach and looking at various dimensions of psychoactive substance use the RAR has contributed a better understanding of both the extent and nature of psychoactive substance use in Kosovo. The data presented in RAR 2008 can be used to track youth psychoactive drug use over time and also, to compare rates of use among youth worldwide. The data reported in this survey indicate that drugs are available in Kosovo and all types of drugs are being used by Kosovo youth. The use is occurring in an environment with very limited prevention and treatment options. All types of psychoactive substances are found to be used by all ethnicities in Kosovo. Report ends with a set of recommendations based on the findings from the survey on psychoactive substance use among young people, injection drug users, and prisoners in Kosovo. Key Words: substance, habits, Kosovo, RAR, assessment, overdose, dru-method 147

168 Teaching English as a Foreign Language in the Algerian University Hanane Sarnou, University of Mostaganem, Algeria, [email protected] : The issues addressed in this work concern primarily the understanding of the LMD (henceforth Licence/Bachelor, Master, doctorate) as a new reform, which has been recently introduced for basic higher education in Algerian Universities and their influence on Teaching English as a Foreign Language. Through this paper, we seek to look at how the LMD system influences too much our understanding and learning. This will contribute to improve the way of studying the process of learning and teaching English Language, and to contribute to new curriculum development and understanding language in use pragmatically. In this work, we shall first refer to the impact of the LMD system on EFL in the current linguistic scene which is due to the efforts dedicated mainly by language policy makers. Keywords: LMD, teaching, learning, EFL, university 148

169 Investigating the Prospective Teachers Level of Adjustment in Terms of Perceived identity, Values and Needs M. Yüksel Erdoğdu, Sabahattin Zaim, University, : The main purpose of this study is to investigate the prospective teachers level of adjustment in terms of perceived identity, values and needs. Method: The searching group include a total of 273 prospective teachers, 178 of whom are females and 95 of whom are males.they are either working as paid teachers in the state schools within the boundaries of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality or they are attending Public Personnel Selection Examination (KPSS) courses. All of them volunteered to participate in the study. The Hacettepe Personality Inventory and a questionnaire developed by the researcher were administered to the participants. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data obtained. Findings: Those who perceive themselves as having the foreclosed identity status and diffused identity status have a more intense personal and social maladjustment. It is observed that those with spiritual values experience a more intense personal maladjustment compared than those with power values. More intense adjustment problems are observed in prospective teachers with high needs for status and prestige with high needs for love and to be loved by other people. Conclusion: Teachers are the keystones of education and learning. Therefore, they need to solve their adjustment problems so that they can raise healthy and quality generations. Keywords: adjustment, identity, value, need 149

170 Examination of the Relationship between Core Self-Evaluations and Affective Commitment of Academicians Barış Özkırış, Turkey, : The primary purpose of this research is to study the relationship between core selfevaluations and affective organizational commitment and the mediating effects of job satisfaction on this relationship in the context of academicians ranging from ages 20 to 70 working in a state university (Marmara University) and private university (Maltepe University) in Istanbul. The secondary purpose of this study is to observe the relations between core-self evaluations and job satisfaction, between job satisfaction and affective commitment as well as the relations between demographic characteristics and core-self evaluations, job satisfaction and affective commitment. One of literally contribution of this research is to test and evaluate the relation between core-self evaluations and affective organizational commitment in Turkey. The other contribution of this research to the literature is to test and evaluate the relation between core-self evaluation and affective commitment in the context of academicians. The research population consists of academicians worked in the state universities and private universities in 2011 in Istanbul. And the sample of research is composed of 309 academicians aged 20 up to 70 and picked out with a convenience sampling method from academics working in a state university (Marmara University) and a private university (Maltepe University). Research data are limited to data collected through core-self evaluation inventory, job satisfaction index, affective commitment inventory and the personal information form which is prepared by researcher. Surveys were answered over internet. Keywords: core-self evaluations, job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment 150

171 Professionals in the Field of Psychological Counseling Opinions on Music Therapy Fahri Sezer, Balıkesir University, Turkey, : Music therapy been used in different ways as a means of treatment applied from ancient times, to treat psychological disorders. Music and importance given to the psychological effects of today it deserved in an effort to find. Music to reduce the psychological discomfort, accelerate learning, increase yield such as, is utilized in many fields. Music therapy practice in our country, there are few studies particularly in the field of social sciences. In order to draw attention to this topic professionals working in the field of psychological counseling opinion regarding the use of music as a therapeutic tool, whether to contribute psychological counseling in the field of music therapy this study was conducted to determine the thinking about. For this purpose, survey questions sent to field workers on the subject and answered surveys were analyzed using percentage and frequency values. Keywords: music, therapy, psychological counseling 151

172 Assessing Needs for Conflict Resolution Skills and the Skills of Managing Conflict Situations Nermin Koruklu Tarık Totan Ali Serdar Sağkal, Adnan Menderes University, Turkey, : Conflict refers to a controversial situation which occurs between two and more people, or two and more groups because of incompatible goals (Deutsch, 1973). It is seen that depending on their knowledge, skills, and attitudes, individuals choose either destructive or constructive conflict resolution methods (Deutsch, 2006; Johnson & Johnson, 1995). While constructive conflict resolution method enhances the relationships between conflicted parties, and provide mutual benefits, and satisfaction; destructive conflict resolution method not only damage the relationship between parties but also cause negative psychological effects on individuals. The aim of this research was to examine factor structure of Conflict Resolution Scale developed by Smith, Daunie, Miller, and Robinson (2007). Scale consists of two parts; first part includes 25 items determining the needs for conflict resolution skills and the second part includes 22 items assessing the effective behaviors of students in conflict situations. In original form of scale, it is indicated that both part of the scale can be evaluated multidimensionally. By using convenience sampling method, research sample consisted of 388 secondary school students in the city center of Aydın from three different middle schools. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the theoretical model of scale for both parts and internal consistency coefficients ranged from.81 to.93. Research results reveal that Conflict Resolution Scale consisting of two parts can be used to assess conflict resolution skills and processes. Keywords: conflict resolution skills, validity, reliability 152

173 Adaptation of Authenticity Scale to Turkish: A validity and Reliability Study Tahsin İlhan, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected] Yalçın Özdemir : In this study were investigated psychometric properties of Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale developed by Wood et al. (2008). The current study was carried out in two steps. In the first step the Turkish version of the scale were administered 165 (97 women, 68 men) undergraduate and pedagogic formation students. In order to examine factor structure of the scale exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. In the second steps of the current study 240 (161 women, 79 men) undergraduate students participated and concurrent validity of the scale was investigated. For this purpose Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive-Negative Affect Schedule, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Need Satisfaction Scale (only autonomy subscale) were used. Exploratory factor analysis showed that The Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale had same factor structure and all items loaded into same factors. Each three factor (Self-Alienation, Accepting External Influence and Authentic Living) explained 52.2% total variance of the scale. Also confirmatory factor analysis provided good fit ind IFI=.96 GFI=.92). Each subscale was significantly related to self-esteem, subjective well-being and need satisfaction (i.e. autonomy). Keywords: authenticity, validity, reliability 153

174 School Counselors Views and Experiences on Uses of Silence in Counseling Process Tahsin İlhan, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, Yusuf Sarıkaya : In order to investigate school counselors views and experiences on uses of silence in counseling sessions 14 counselors were interviewed. For this purpose 12 open-ended questions were worded by the authors. Results showed that participantslargely thought silence had positive contributions on counseling process. According to participantssilence gave time for the clients gained insight and gave opportunity to think for counseling processfor the counselors. Most of the participants agreed that silence was a situation that aroused spontaneously rather than a technique in the process. A majority of participants thoughtthat silence rarely occurred in initial stages of counseling sessions, it mostly happenedwhen a therapeutic relationship between counselor and client became stronger. Also the results implied that counselors were not aware of their feeling and emotions during silence, they mostly used the silence to look over the counseling process. A majority of participants reported that they did not receive any training on uses silence in counseling sessions. The participants also expressed that they got morecompetency when they got more experiences. Keywords: silence, school counselor, counseling competencies 154

175 Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in the Body of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case Ş. Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, İlknur Maya : Compared to the previous centuries, twentieth century facilitated mobility and speed to humans, and enabled them to work in race and in change and thus lead their lives (Norfolk, quoted by Ertekin, 1993). Therefore, the word stress has become an indispensable part of both daily life and organisational life. This research aims at displaying in which issues educational managers experience stress and how they manage the stress. The research, which is in the form of qualitative design, uses the interview method. The study group was composed of eight educational managers- namely, the province manager of national education, vice managers and department managers. The research uses a semi-structured interview form since it aims to collect in-depth data. The data collected were analysed on the basis of pre-determined themes according to the questions. The research has found that educational managers suffer from stress due to change, too much work load, injustice in the distribution of duties, illegal/ out-of- legislation applications, staff s incorrect/ insufficient fulfillment of duties, financial scarcity, imbalance of authority-responsibility, and top managers authoritarian attitudes. On the other hand, educational managers were found to employ individual methods rather than organisational methods in managing the stress, and it was found that they did not receive expert support. Keywords: stress management, national education 155

176 Turkish version of the Perfectionistic Self-presentation in Children and Adolescents Scale Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, Umran Akın : The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Perfectionistic Self-presentation in children and adolescents Scale (Hewitt et al., 2011). The sample of this study consisted of 238 elementary and high school students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the eighteen items loaded on three factors and the three-dimensional model was well fit (x²= , df= 124, p= , RMSEA=.048, NFI=.92, IFI=.97, CFI=.97, GFI=.92, SRMR=.054). Factor loadings ranged from.31 to.80. The internal consistency reliability coefficients of the three subscales were.85,.65, and.82. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from.31 to.63. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores. Keywords: perfectionistic, children and adolescents scale 156

177 Assesment of Indirect Factors Affecting Academic Performance Using Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process İbrahim Erşan, Ali Haydar The American Unıversity, Turkey, : Recently, the evaluation of academic success of the students in higher education has gained a great importance. In this work, our aim is to investigate feasibility of establishing a relationship between the academic success of a student and the factors that are not directly related to the academic performance such as economical factors, family relationships, friendship, etc., also, to check the performance of the proposed Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process (MAHP). In order to achieve our goal, a questionnaire is prepared and the MAHP is compared with the well known Back-Propagation Multi-Layer Perceptron (BPMLP) in the formation of this relationship according to the data collected from the students by the questionnaire. The experimental results have shown that such a relationship exists and can be formed using both methods (MAHP & BPMLP) with the same performance. Hence, comparing the calculation complexity of these algorithms, obtained results showed that the proposed MAHP algorithm is more efficient than the BPMLP algorithm. Keywords: AHP, BPMLP, ANN, academic performance 157

178 Cyber Victimization Scale Osman Tolga Arıcak Taşkın Tanrıkulu Hüseyin Kınay, Fatih University, Turkey, : The development of informational communicational Technologies increases people s addiction to the internet and computer day by day. Social Networks, which are especially prevailing among young, can be easily accessed via computers and mobile devices. Companies added new Technologies, which increase the use of internet and social networks, to the mobile devices and this has made information sharing inevitable part of life. Parents, school administration and teachers cannot control the sharing of information and this has created a new trend which leads violence via technology. In this research, Cyber Victimization Scale is developed to determine the students who are exposed to Cyber Bullying and in which aspects they experience this victimization. The scale consists of 24 items and according to the statistical analyses which are based on the data collected from 515 students, it is realized that all the items are loaded under a single factor. This single factor constitutes % of whole variance. The factor loads vary from.43 to.67. Cronbach alpha coefficient for the entire scale is measured as.88. Retest reliability coefficient is found as.75. These values show that this scale is valid and reliable. Keywords: cyberbullying, cyber victim 158

179 Explanatory Role of Humor Styles and Creativity Level of High School Students on their Life Satisfaction Level Recep Koçak, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, Ömer Ay Osman Zati Yazar : The main purpose of this study is to investigate the explanatory role of humor styles and creativity level of high school students on their life satisfaction level. The research is a study done in the relational survey model, and has been carried out with 390 adolescent participants 201 female and 189 male students who are selected randomly among the 10th and 11th grade students, between ages. In this study Personal Demographic Information Sheet, Humor Styles Questionnaire, How creative are you? and Multidimensional Students Life Satisfaction Scales were used to collect data. In order to answer to research questions t-test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA and regression analyses were performed for data analysis. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that when the predictive power of the variables are taken into consideration, among the variables that make positive contribution to life satisfaction of students; participatory humor (β =.17) comes first, self-defeating humor (β =.15) comes second, aggressive humor style (β=-.12), comes third, self enhancing humor style (β=.12) comes fourth and creativity level s comes (β=-.11) last. According to the results of the regression analysis If the humor styles (participatory humor, self enhancing humor, aggressive humor and self-defeating) and creativity levels of students\' taken together in terms of life satisfaction It is understood that there is a significant relationship between them (r=.34, P<.001). In this research, some findings are also given about whether there is a significant differentiation between humor styles, creativity and life satisfaction levels according to the independent variables Keywords: humor styles, creativity, life satisfaction 159

180 A Study of Social Anxiety of Adolescents according to Self-Esteem and Some Personal and Demographic Characteristics Zeynep Deniz Yöndem Gamze Yeşim Göktürk Ali Haydar Şar, Sakarya University, Turkey, : The aim of this study is to identify the level of social anxiety of adolescents, the relation between social anxiety and self-esteem and to analyse the answer to the question if differences in the level of social anxiety of adolescents are related to demographic factors such as perceived social-economic status, the education level of the parents and the (non)use of psychological counseling. This study has been conducted with the use of descriptive methodology and the participants in this research consist of a total of 385 students of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grades of the Public High Schools. The Aydın and Tekinsav Sütçü s (2007) Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (ESKÖ/SASA) adjusted to Turkish, the Self-Esteem Scale developed by Akın (2007) and the Personal Information Form as prepared by the researcher were used as data- gathering tools. As non-parametric methods the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H and Kendall s Tau B rank correlation methods were used in the analysis of the gathered data. According to the results of the conducted researchl social anxiety levels of adolescents have been found to be of medium level in general but the level of %13,5 of the participants have been found to be of high level. After investigation of the lower dimensions of social anxiety, adolescents have been found to experience social anxiety the most in new conditions in the first place, in the case of fear of negative avaluation in the second place and in the third place in common conditions. The self-esteem of the adolescent participants have been found high in general and only %3,4 of them scored low on the self-esteem scale. A low meaningful negative relation has been found between the social anxiety scales and the selfesteem scales of adolescents. Furthermore according to the aspects of personal and demographic characteristics, gender, social status, education level of the mother and perceived socio-economic level no significant differences have been observed in the social 160

181 anxiety scale. On the other hand significant differences have been found in the social anxiety scales of adolescents related to the education level of the father. It has been found that the social anxiety scale of adolescents whose fathers are only graduates of the first level of Primary School are higher than adolescents whose fathers are graduates of the second level of Primary School. Keywords: anxiety, social anxiety, self confidence, adolescents 161

182 The Effect of Group Logo Therapy on Marital Satisfaction of Women with Marital Conflicts Samaneh Jamshidi, Payam Noor University, Iran, Bahman Akbari Marital conflicts have damaging effects on mental health of family, especially children. We still have a little knowledge about its fundamental causes correlated to psychogenic and noetic dimensions. Furthermore, the concept of meaning of life is not enough investigated in marital relationships. This study examined the effect of group logo therapy on marital satisfaction of women with marital conflicts. Thirty women with marital conflicts divided into two groups (experimental group and control group) randomly. Experimental group received 8 session of group logo therapy and the control group received nothing. Both groups were administered the ENRICH Inventory before and after intervention. Results using a covariance analysis, indicate that assumed hypothesize is significant with "p<=0.05"; according to adjusted average, group logo therapy has caused marital satisfaction of women with marital conflicts to increase. Frankl s theory of logo therapy is used to explain the proposed relationship between marital satisfaction and meaning of life. Key Words: logo therapy, marital satisfaction, marital conflict 162

183 Learnt Experiences From Community Medicine Fieldwork, Khon Kaen University Tarinee ARKARAVICHIEN, Khon Kaen University, Thailand Wiwat ARKARAVICHIEN Fieldwork education should promote student-centered practice, self-directed learning, knowledgeable of community resources. Khon Kaen University, Thailand, has set up a fieldwork for community medicine. The learning purposes of each activity in the fieldwork have been set up and therefore should be evaluated. To determine whether the learning purposes of field work activities were achieved. Exact objective of each activity was clarified. The researcher participated in the field with the students. All 12 students who stayed in the same house of fieldwork were in-depth interviewed after finishing the fieldwork. Content analysis was performed and interpreted into learnt experiences. The students have learnt the villager s lifestyle which helped them to understand the correlation between lifestyle and illness. They learned about villager s culture which was reflected to people s health belief and attitude to health. They have learnt and understood better that villagers often chose alternative treatment instead of modern treatment which sometime included supernatural spirit. Staying with the villagers for 10 days trained the students to adapt themselves and taught them to work together as a team. Community medicine fieldwork offered a way of learning and gaining experiences to students which may have significant impact on students attitude to the community health. Key word: Fieldwork education, Community medicine, Ethnographic medicine, Ethnography 163

184 Career Aspirations Of Black Girls in Toronto: Family, School And Community Involvement in Developing Goals And Aspirations In The Hairstyling Professions Donna Kakonge, Curriculum, Teaching and Learning Second Language Education This research focuses on high school students in the GTA. This research focuses on the career aspirations of black high school girls from the ages of fourteen to twenty years old. The literature review focuses on the career aspiration of becoming a hairstylist for black female high school students. Becoming a hairstylist is often a viable choice for many black female high school students who come from underprivileged backgrounds. Through critical narrative case study research and methodology this research will focus on the career aspirations of black female high school students who want to turn their love of hair and beauty into an occupation. The alternative recruitment methods and locations of research will be found through churches, community organizations, coffee shops and/or online discussion groups. Keywords: career aspirations, hairstyling, developing goals 164

185 Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Physics Laboratory Attitude Level of University Students N. İzzet Kurbanoğlu, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected] Ahmet Akın The aim of this research is to develop a scale for measuring physics laboratory attitudes. Factor analytic evidence from a sample (n=503) of university physics students shows the Physics Laboratory Attitude Scale is a uni-dimensional scale. The amount of total variance explained by one factor was nearly 59%. Factor loadings of the items ranged from.70 to.91. For convergent validity the relationships between the physics laboratory attitudes and selfefficacy related to learning and performance was found as.21. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale, using Cronbach alpha, for was.94. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as an efficient instrument in order to assess attitude level of physics laboratory students. Keywords: physics laboratory attitude, reliability, validity 165

186 The validity and the reliability of the Turkish version of the SEMLI-S Scale Serhat Arslan Sakarya University, Turkey This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-Efficacy and Metacognition Learning Inventory Science (Thomas, Anderson, & Nashon, 2008). The sample of study consists of 530 high school students. (Female: 244; Male: 286). Results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the 30 items loaded five factor (constructivist connectivity, monitoring - evaluation - planning, self-efficacy, learning risks awareness, control of concentration). The total variance explained was % and factor loadings ranged from.34 to.83. Fit index values of the model were (RMSEA=.040, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, GFI=.94, AGFI=.92). The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found as.87 for constructivist connectivity,.79 for monitoring - evaluation planning, as.80 for selfefficacy, as.85 for learning risks awareness and as.82 for control of concentration. Also the corrected item-total correlations ranged from.36 to.65. These results demonstrate that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument.. Keywords: metacognition, self-efficacy, science 166