Field data transmission system, SESAME-SATREPS, by using cell-phones digital telecommunications network

Transcription

1 Field data transmission system, SESAME-SATREPS, by using cell-phones digital telecommunications network Yukihisa SHIGENAGA 1, Hidenori TAKAHASHI 2, Rony TEGUH 3, Wisnu KENCANA 4, Seiji YOKOYAMA 1 and Adi JAYA 5 1 Midori Engineering Laboratory Co.,Ltd.,1-23 N5 W6 Chuo-ku, Sapporo, JAPAN, [email protected] 2 CENSUS, Hokkaido University, N9 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, JAPAN, [email protected] 3 Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan, [email protected] 4 Faculty of Engineering, University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia, [email protected] 5 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia, [email protected] The field data (water level, rainfall etc.) were sent successfully by using a mobile phone network and data logger with modem, and saved in the server automatically. Telecommunication system is now changing from P2P system to M2M system. The M2M system is used in the new data transmission system, SESAME-SATREP. Data in the field are gathered and sent in one server through the system. So we can collect field data in the office very quickly. Most important points of the instrument are energy source, which is operated by a small solar panel, and the free SIM card of GSM, which makes the instrument to be used in GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA(3G) aria. Keywords: telemeter, field measurement, telecommunication network Introduction The population of mobile phone user is remarkable not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. Also in Kalimantan, Indonesia, the most of the signboard beside road are almost about SIM card of mobile phone. It seems the mobile phone communications network is established at frightful speed in the world. Especially the data transmission system using a mobile phone communications network can build telemeter system easily and cheaply. Moreover, comparing with the conventional infrastructure, it is pointed out that the restoration is earlier than normal wired telecommunication system at the time of disasters. Also in the Great East Japan Earthquake, the communication using the internet attracted attention with more speedy and smooth transmittance of information than that of the voice communication. The telemeter system using these mobile phone communications networks became the 3rd generation by which the mobile phone was digitized, and spread dramatically. Moreover, also - 1 -

2 in developing countries, a mobile phone spreads explosively, and it was said in 2007 that the diffusion rate reached to 50 parents of the population of the world. The data transmission system using this portable communications network has been performed about ten years ago. 1. Changes to M2M system from P2P system 1-1. P2P system The P2P system connects mutually between the terminals which have an equal relation on a network by the abbreviation for Peer to Peer directly, and means the communication method which transmits and receives data. It is a system which exchanges data on one to one level. By calling to the point, the communication is established and data transfer is carried out. This system is used for the facsimile. The key map of P2P system is shown in Fig. 1. Although this system has been established technically, and used generally even now. This system has a disadvantage in slow communication time. It needs to dial one by one, and takes time to Fig. 1. Diagram of P2P system collect data. Moreover, the charge is also expensive M2M system The M2M, machine to machine, system is a system which performs advanced control and operation autonomously, when a machine and a machine exchange information mutually through a communication network. This system usually used for data collection, remote monitoring and control combining with the instruments other than such communication use as computer. This system can treat a lot of data in a short time. The amount of data, which P2P system takes 1 hour to analyse, is analysed in one minute by M2M system. This is because it can communicate with many channels with a server. It came to be able to do simply by using the technology of the Internet. Therefore, for future data communications, M2M system becomes indispensable from communication expense, time restrictions, etc History of M2M system The forerunner of M2M system in Japan is a DoPa system of NTT, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, DoCoMo, which started in 1996 and finished in March, DoPa system became popular quickly after the start of the i-mode in The system applied to the remote monitoring of the automatic vending machine and the vehicle managing system which was combined with GPS and DoPa. On the other hand, the system of KDDI is called CIPL. Data is collected in the server of the - 2 -

3 data collecting center, which is managed by a company. It is necessary to connect the server in the center and the user s server for data transfer by using a dedicated line connection. The use s servers should be managed by users themselves. Therefore, a management service of small-scale DoPa or CIPL is necessary. 2. Internet and mobile phone networks at present time, June in 2012 Under the present circumstances, M2M system is major system. The most of the system is combined the communication module shown in Fig. 2. However the communication cost became very cheap by using an exclusive card for data communication after introduction of SIM free system in Japan. By using the modem, the communication box, shown in Fig. 3, data can be easily sent from overseas. In the project Wild fire and carbon management in peat/forest in Indonesia of JST-JICA joint program Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development, SATREPS, the demonstration test was conducted. And the data of groundwater level, rainfall, air and soil temperatures were successfully sent to a server in Japan. It carried out by using SIMs (Telekomsel, Indosat), which are circulated in Indonesia. At the present time, the M2M system-1 shown in Fig. 2 is used for sending a small amount of data with high security. And the M2M system-2 shown in Fig. 3 is used to send a large amount of data from overseas. The system used by WEB is most suitable for downloading data. Fig. 2 M2M system-1 Fig. 3 M2M system-2-3 -

4 3. The details of data transmission from overseas A pressure sensor type water gauge (4-20mA output) and a tipping bucket type rain gauge and a thermistor sensor thermometer were used in the demonstration test in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The SESAME-01Ⅱ was used as a data logger. This data logger has two threshold values for control of observation and transmission intervals. The threshold values are used to send alarm information. The composition of a system is shown in Fig. 4 and Photo.1. The site of the field observation is shown in Photo. 2. Fig. 4. Diagram of M2M system used in Indonesia GPS It reaches. For communication Antenna Modem Data Logger Photo. 1. Data logger and inside of the transmission apparatus. Photo. 2. Water gauge and rain gauge set in a field on the peatland in Central Kalimantan By inserting SIM in a modem and setting up APN (the access point name), the mobile phone network of the GSM/GPRS system, which is currently used in countries in Southeast Asia, accessed and sent data to the serve in Japan. The data actually sent from Kalimantan are shown in Fig.5 and Fig. 6. The data of the groundwater level, air and soil temperatures, and rainfall were measured at a 10-minute interval, and data were sent to the server which set to Japan every 1 hour. The groundwater - 4 -

5 level raised sensitively after the rainfall in the figure. It was not considered before several years ago that these data can be obtained easily and in a moment from Kalimantan locating 5,700 km far from Japan. Fig. 5. Groundwater level and rainfall measured at Taruna Jaya in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were measured in the field and transmitted to the server in Sapporo, Japan. Fig. 6. Water level of River Sebangau at the boat house in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were measured in the field and transmitted to the server in Sapporo, Japan

6 4. Transmission of image data The camera image and video picture have been sent successfully from Kalimantan to Japan using the same data logger and network. The unlimited SIM card is necessary to send the camera image and video picture, because the data sizes are very large. However, since the camera and router use about 10W of electric power supplies, the commercial AC electric power is necessary. 5. Future development There are many demands of data and image transmissions from field to laboratory instantaneously and smoothly. The image data are expected to use for checking the data and situation of instruments. Furthermore, the ADHOC system will be use for data transmission from the area without mobile phone signal to the mobile phone area. Design of the new system, which are developing now is shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 7. Diagram of control box with several sensors and WEB camera Acknowledgements A part of development of this system was performed as activity of the project Wild fire and carbon management in peat/forest in Indonesia of JST-JICA joint program Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development, SATREPS - 6 -