An Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming with

Transcription

1 An Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming with TM Java C. Thomas Wu Naval Postgraduate School Ml McGraw-Hill Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubuque, IA Madison, WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogota Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto

2 Preface Major Features xiv Supplement Materials xxii Book Organization xxiv Acknowledgments xxvi xiii Introduction to Computers and Programming Languages A History of Computers Computer Architecture Programming Languages Java Exercises 14 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming and Software Development Classes and Objects Messages and Methods Class and Instance Data Values Inheritance Software Engineering and Software Life Cycle Having Fun with Java Exercises 35

3 Java Programming Basics 2.1 The First Java Application Program Components Edit-Compile-Run Cycle The javabook Package Sample Program: Displaying Messages The First Java Applet Exercises 78 Numerical Data 3.1 Variables Arithmetic Expressions Constants The Math Class InputBox OutputBox Sample Program: Loan Calculator Numerical Representation (Optional) Exercises 129 Defining Instantiable Classes 4.1 Defining Instantiable Classes Instantiable Classes and Constructors Visibility Modifiers: public and private Local Variables, Return Values, and Parameter Passing Loan Calculator Program with an Instantiable Class Exercises 185

4 ix Processing Input with Applets Placing GUI Objects on Applets Adding an Action Listener to an Event Source Absolute Positioning of GUI Objects The Button Class Converting Text to a Numerical Value Sample Program: Finding Body Mass Index (BMI) Running an Applet as an Application Exercises 230 Selection Statements The if Statement Boolean Expressions and Variables Nested-if Statements ListBox The switch Statement Sample Program: Drawing Shapes Exercises 289 Repetition Statements The while Statement Pitfalls in Writing Repetition Statements The do-while Statement ResponseBox The for Statement Nested for Statements The Format Class Loan Tables Sample Program: Hi-Lo Game 335

5 X Contents 7.10 (Optional) Recursive Methods Exercises 353 Characters and Strings Characters Strings Primitive versus Reference Types StringBuffer Passing Objects as Parameters Returning an Object from Methods Sample Program: Word Play Exercises 417 Arrays 9.1 y.z Array Basics 426 Arrays of Objects 435 Passing Arrays to Methods 446 MultilnputBox 452 Self-Referencing Pointer 455 Sample Development: The Address Book 462 Two-Dimensional Arrays 480 Exercises File Input and Output File and FileDialog Objects Low-Level File I/O High-Level File I/O Handling Exceptions Object I/O 519

6 10.6 Sample Class: Saving an AddressBook Object Exercises 531 Reusable Classes and Packages Object Categories Method Overriding and Overloaded Methods Sample Classes: Reusable EggyPeggy and HiLo Package Organization Exercises 575 GUI Objects and Event-Driven Programming Placing Buttons on a Frame Handling Events Placing TextField Objects on a Frame Menus Handling Mouse Events Other GUI Objects Sample Program: A Simple Calculator Exercises 633 Inheritance and Polymorphism Defining Classes with Inheritance Using Classes Effectively with Polymorphism Inheritance and Member Accessibility Inheritance and Constructor Abstract Superclasses and Abstract Methods When and When Not to Use Inheritance Sample Program: Computing Course Grades Exercises 689

7 XII Contents Class Roster Maintenance Program Method Call Sequence Diagram Problem Statement Overall Planning Step 1 Development: Program Shell with Menus Step 2 Development: Create a New Roster Step 3 Development: Add Students Step 4 Development: Delete Students Step 5 Development: Edit Student Names Step 6 Development: Edit Test Scores and Compute Grades Step 7 Development: Display Student Information Step 8 Development: Storing Grade Rosters Step 9 Development: Finalize and Improve The StudentNameDialog Class The TestScoreDialog Class Exercises 780 Searching, Sorting, and Recursive Algorithms Searching Sorting Recursion When Not to Use Recursion Exercises 819 The javabook Package 823