Design Challenges for PoDL Coupling Circuit in 100BASE-T1 and 1000BASE-T1
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1 Design Challenges for PoDL Coupling Circuit in 100BASE-T1 and 1000BASE-T1 San Antonio, TX November 03, 2014 Ahmad Chini Version 1.0 IEEE 802.3bp Task Force Nov 3, 2014 Page 1
2 Contributors Thuyen Dinh, Pulse Neven Pischl, Broadcom Mehmet Tazebay, Broadcom Page 2
3 Foreword Inductor pair used for PoDL (Power over Data Line) affects return loss and balance in 100BASE-T1 and 1000BASE-T1. For a given MDI return loss requirement for 100BASE-T1 and a tentative requirement for 1000BASE-T1, PoDL inductor design is discussed. Measured data and analysis is provided for experimental inductors made for this application. Parameters affecting the design including temperature and current are discussed. It is shown how the requirements affect the inductor physical size. A list of open questions on requirements is provided. Resolving the questions will help narrowing down the PoDL inductor design. Page 3
4 MDI Return Loss requirement Sdd11 (db) GBASE-T 1000BASE-T1 tentatively assumed for PoDL analysis 100BASE-T1 (P802.3bw-D1.0) Frequency (MHz) For 1000BASE-T1, MDI RL is not specified yet. The limit shown is temporarily assumed to study PoDL inductor design. More analysis is needed to consider combined effect of passive components (PoDL inductors and CMC), PHY design and effect on mode conversion and EMC. Page 4
5 Return Loss 1812-size sample inductors (X2 vs. X4) Dashed lines are theoretical results assuming inductance only Measurement results provided by Pulse Electronics Measured plots are for two different core materials (X2 and X4) but same physical size. The results are for two inductors. The inductance determines RL on the lower frequency end. Page 5
6 Pulse X4 Inductance (uh), Temperature and Current effect Temperature Current Available inductance decreases significantly with DC bias and with the temperature. The highlighted section of table shows more than 50% reduction in inductance. Results are for the used core materials in 1812 size. Other materials may behave differently. Page 6 Measurement results provided by Pulse Electronics
7 Model used for PoDL Inductors Return Loss simulation Page 7
8 Simulated Return Loss based on inductors LC model uH Inductor model with capacitance of 2.5pF Half Inductance Double Capacitance -20 Sdd11 (db) Frequency (MHz) Reduction in inductance affects RL at lower end of frequency spectrum. Increase in capacitance affects RL at higher end of frequency spectrum. To improve RL at both lower and higher frequency bands (higher inductance and lower capacitance), the size of inductors generally has to increase. Page 8
9 Components Size Chart Length Width Height inches mm inches mm.120 ±.100 ±.080 ± 3.05 ± 2.54 ± 2.03 ±.180 ±.120 ±.100 ± 4.57 ± 3.05 ± 2.54 ± Enlarged 1812 inductor Experimental sample made by Pulse Electronics From: Page 9
10 Conclusion It is shown how some of system requirements affect PoDL inductors size, cost and feasibility. The following questions need to be answered before good solutions can be reached. What is MDI RL specification for 1000BASE-T1? What is current (power) requirement for PoDL? (Are there different classes?) What are the supported Voltages? What is the desired size for different applications? (1210 or 1812, or even smaller and larger sizes) What is differential balance requirement? (Mode conversion loss) Is this achievable with two separate inductors? Page 10
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