Family Court of St. Louis County Court Approved Mediator List Notice About Mediator List

Transcription

1 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 1 of 11 Notice About Mediator List As a public service, the Family Court of St. Louis County maintains this list of private individuals who are available to serve as mediators. Mediators on the Court Approved List have certified that they meet the qualifications set by the Family Court of St. Louis County for mediating all relevant issues raised in a dissolution petition or motion to modify; these include property, financial arrangements, child custody, and related parenting issues. They are attorneys or persons who have a graduate degree in counseling, psychology, social work, or a related field. The Family Court takes no position as to the relative skills of any individual listed as a Court Approved Mediator nor does the Court take any responsibility for the services provided by such individuals. All descriptive information about the mediators contained in this list is provided to the Court by the mediators themselves. Parties may select any qualified person to mediate their divorce or related legal proceeding regardless of whether or not the mediator s name appears on this list. Amato, Susan L. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Bemiston, Suite 510 Hours of Mediation Training: 150 Hourly Fee: $225 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) Susan L. Amato, J.D. is an experienced family law attorney and mediator, in private practice in Clayton, MO who concentrates her practice exclusively in the family law area. Ms. Amato received her bachelor's degree, from St. Lawrence University in 1980, and her law degree from Washington University in Ms. Amato is an Advanced Practitioner member of the Family Section of the Association for Conflict Resolution, serves on the planning committee for the St. Louis Branch of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts, is a board member of the Association of Missouri Mediators, is a member of the International Association of Collaborative Professionals, was the founding President of the Collaborative Family Law Association in St. Louis, and is listed in the Best Lawyers in America under the areas of Collaborative Family Law and Mediation. Susan is a member of the Missouri Bar, including the Alternative Dispute Resolution Committee and Family Law section, the Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis and the Women Lawyer's Associations. Bauer, Ann E. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Carondelet Ave., Suite 405 Hours of Mediation Training: 76 Hourly Fee: $275 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) I have extensive training and experience in mediation, collaborative law, and litigation. Mediation and collaborative law are settlement-focused and should be primary considerations for parties in family law disputes. I believe the combination of a law degree and a master's in child development give me a unique perspective in family cases. I have the expertise to assist with complex financial issues, including business valuations and maintenance. I am a past chair of the Missouri Bar Family Law Section, a founding member of the St. Louis Collaborative Family Law Association, and a member of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers (AAML), a national organization that promotes the highest degree of professionalism and ethics in the practice of family law. For more information visit (Clayton and St. Charles offices) Reduced Fee Program: Will consider a reduced fee depending on the circumstances.

2 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 2 of 11 Block, Susan E., Retired Judge Paule, Camazine & Blumenthal Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than N. Meramec Ave., Suite 110 Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $275 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) As former Administrative Judge of the Family Court of the St. Louis County, I was a strong voice for mediation. In my 25 years of judicial service, I have resolved numerous divorce cases by either settlement or trial. I believe my experience would be helpful in saving parents the increasing high financial and emotional cost of going to trial. I want to help parents make their own decisions, particularly in child custody matters. Reduced Fee Program: Individual cases based on need. Borders, John Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Meramec, Suite 432T Hours of Mediation Training: 100 Hourly Fee: $200 Clayton, MO Phone: SPECIALIZATIONS: Divorce-Related parent Conflict; Parent-Child Relation Problems; Couples & Families PROFESSIONAL ROLES: Parenting Coordinator; Co-Parenting Counselor; Divorce Mediator; Collaborative Divorce; Psychotherapist CLINICAL CARE FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES: Independent Mental Health Provider - JohnBorders.com, LLC. Previous experience includes: Clinical Director - Kids in the Middle (outpatient clinic); Senior Therapist - The Child Center (variable length intensive treatment facility); Manager - St. Louis Mental Health (Missouri Department of Mental Health); Child & Family Therapist - DePaul Health Center (psychiatric unit); Family Therapist - Youth Emergency Services (emergency care facility) PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: Association of Family & Conciliation Courts (St. Louis) - Board member; Collaborative Family Law Association - Board Member; Association of Divorce Professionals - Executive Committee; International Association of Collaborative Professionals EDUCATION: Princeton University, A.B.; Washington University, M.S.W.; St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute - Advance Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Reduced Fee Program: At the request of the Court, Domestic Relations, attorneys involved in a case, or clients experiencing financial difficulty, fees may be reduced up to 25%. Boschert, Robert L. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Granger Blvd. Hours of Mediation Training: 148 Hourly Fee: $120 St. Charles, MO Phone: (314) As a Life Coach Counselor I am trained to assist others through the difficult times in life. I have experience in dealing with the human dynamics of couples and families in transition. Effective communication is a key factor to improving any stressful situation. I offer couples the foundation to establish a new way of relating which helps in coparenting their children. I provide a holistic approach looking at the needs of the individuals as well as the family. I assist with modifications, contract negotiations and specialize in arriving at creative solutions for your family and all areas of dispute resolution. Reduced Fee Program: Please ask.

3 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 3 of 11 Brough, Gregory Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Maryland Ave., Suite 1000 Hours of Mediation Training: 169 Hourly Fee: $250 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) I have been an attorney for more than thirty years. I am frequently appointed by the Court to represent children in divorce proceedings I am a current member and a past president of the Collaborative Family Law Association. I want to help people stay out of a courtroom, and to help them resolve their issues in a respectful and reasonable manner. Reduced Fee Program: I will consider providing my services at a reduced fee or at no charge under appropriate circumstances. Carter, Marjorie Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Meramec Ave., Suite 200 Hours of Mediation Training: 158 Hourly Fee: $250 Clayton, MO Phone: I've been mediating for nearly 20 years and practicing law since I have experience representing children in divorces and juvenile court cases and I am trained in parent coordination. I take a "holistic" approach in my practice, and work with couples to resolve conflict based on their personal values and interests. I believe most divorcing (or transitioning) couples are capable of resolving their differences in a respectful and reasonable way, with the assistance of a skilled mediator. Reduced Fee Program: I will consider providing mediation services at a reduced rate, in appropriate circumstances. Clark, David B., Ph.D. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Olive Blvd., Suite 206 Hours of Mediation Training: 52 Hourly Fee: $150 St. Louis, MO Phone: (636) Ph.D., Clinical Psychology. Postdoctoral Fellowship, Child/Family Therapy. Adjunct Faculty, Washington University. Former faculty, Family Therapy Institute. Court appointed child custody evaluator in numerous divorce cases. Twenty-five years of clinical experience with children, adolescents, adults, couples, families. Specialty in child custody and divorce therapy for children and adults. Reduced Fee Program: Assessed at initial meeting on the basis of need. Cotton, Armeta Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than Lafayette Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $100 St. Louis, MO Phone: I am an experienced family law attorney and court appointed guardian at litem. I graduated from Washington University School of Law in 1983 and am a member of the Missouri Bar and Mound City Bar Associations. Reduced Fee Program: I will consider fee reduction on individual basis.

4 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 4 of 11 Diekemper, Sharon K. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over 25 #5 Ridgewood Road Hours of Mediation Training: 314 Hourly Fee: $125 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) RN; Licensed Professional Counselor; Masters in Education, Mediation in following: family, business, ADA, Certified substance abuse, 20 years experience in mediation Reduced Fee Program: None at this time Eisen, Richard J. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Forsyth, Suite 325 Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $250 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) Licensed in Missouri, 1981, Licensed in Illinois, Completed mediation training, Has 30 years of experience practicing law in the area of family law. Successfully mediated family law matters since B.A. Washington University 1978; J.D. Washington & Lee University Reduced Fee Program: Depending on the financial resources of clients consideration of a lower rate would be given. Fox, Cynthia M. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Carondelet Ave., Suite 700 Hours of Mediation Training: 72 Hourly Fee: $240 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) (314) FAX Caring, knowledgeable and fair. Since 1976, I have focused on family law, working with both men and women as they face the difficult choices of divorce. I am a "divorce-survivor" and the former Co-Chair of the St. Louis Bar Assn.'s Family & Juvenile Law Committee. Based on my own experience, I pioneered "Constructive Divorce", a new approach that emphasizes "coming out whole" (emotionally and financially), ready to get on with life, rather than "getting even". My office is in Clayton, only 1 block from the St. Louis County courthouse. I had a weekly newspaper column, "Fox Family Files" that appeared in the Suburban Journals from 2/4-9/30/09. See my website: foxfamilylawyers.com Frager, Julius Z., J.D., M.B.A. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Piedmont Court Hours of Mediation Training: 200 Hourly Fee: $150 Maryland Heights, MO Phone: (314) Juris Doctoris Washington University Law School; M.B.A. Harvard University graduate Business School. PREP Training to teach skills to help couples. Reduced Fee Program: Case by case basis.

5 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 5 of 11 Frankel, Leonard J. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Bemiston Ave., Suite 1111 Hours of Mediation Training: 150 Hourly Fee: $285 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) Southern Illinois University: University of Illinois Washington University (J.D ) I was in the Judge Advocate General Corps, United States Naval Reserve ( ). Thereafter I began private practice in the St. Louis area. My practice primarily consists of family law, civil matter and criminal defense. I began my mediation practice in late I have been listed in The Best Lawyers in America under Family Law Mediation and was named by it as the St. Louis area Family Law Mediator of 2012 and again for I was named St. Louis Mediator of the Year for Reduced Fee Program: When required - will discuss with clients. Freed, Alan E. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over N. Meramec, Suite 110 Hours of Mediation Training: 100 Hourly Fee: $320 St. Louis, MO Phone: I have mediated divorces since I have been an adjunct professor at Washington University School since 2001 where currently I teach Family Mediation. I was named Best Mediation Attorney in 2009 by Missouri Lawyers Weekly, am listed in Best Lawyers in America, and Missouri-Kansas Super Lawyers, I am a fellow in the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, and am an Advanced Mediator Member of the Academy of Professional Family Mediators. I am the author of the chapter titled "Mediation and Other Forms of Alternate Dispute Resolution" in the Missouri Bar Family Law Deskbook, and also am the co-author (with Alisse Camazine) of "Divorce in Missouri." Garnholz, Cynthia Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Carondelet Ave., Suite 405 Hours of Mediation Training: 80 Hourly Fee: $250 Clayton, MO Phone: A graduate of Washington University School of Law, I've been an attorney over 30 years and have been mediating family issues nearly 20 years. My practice focuses entirely on families, including mediation and collaborative resolution of divorce, custody, and support matters. I hold the Martindale Hubbell "AV" Peer Review rating for achieving the highest level of professional excellence. Reduced Fee Program: none

6 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 6 of 11 Goldenberg, Stuart H. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Big Bend Blvd. Hours of Mediation Training: 52 Hourly Fee: $225 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) : Admitted to Missouri Bar, 1990 Admitted to New York Bar. Four time Chair of Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis Family & Juvenile Law Section. MARCH Mediator. Member Association of Missouri Mediators. Family Law, Divorce, Paternity, Modifications, Adoptions. Frequent lecturer on child custody, support, modification, adult & child abuse issues for Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis and national Business Institute. Certified in Collaborative Family Law. shgjdlaw@sbcglobal.net Reduced Fee Program: This is determined on a case-by-case basis. Greider, John K. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Bonhomme Ave., Suite 207 Hours of Mediation Training: 56 Hourly Fee: $200 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) Family law and general practice attorney in St. Louis Metro area for over 40 years; Working and professional relationships with family law attorneys; counselors and valuation specialists. jkgreider@greiderlaw.com Reduced Fee Program: Determined on a case by Harris, Sherri G, MSW, LCSW Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than Old Olive St. Rd., Suite 200 Hours of Mediation Training: 100 Hourly Fee: $150 St. Louis, MO Phone: Psychotherapist in private practice. MSW, Specialization in Family Therapy, Brown School of Social Work, Washington University (1994), Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Board Certified Diplomat in Clinical Social Work, State of MO. Over 18 years experience working with couples and families, expertise with children, adolescents, Divorce coach in collaborate divorces, Mediation for child custody, parenting and family issues, post-divorce parenting issues, Parent Coordination Services. Reduced Fee Program: Sliding Scale Fees, 30 minutes free orientation Homeyer, Yvonne M. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Meramec Ave., Suite 821 Hours of Mediation Training: 135 Hourly Fee: $200 Clayton, MO Phone: My family law practice is focused primarily on conflict resolution models such as mediation and collaborative divorce. I help couples explore their options so they can make informed decisions and choose the best outcomes for themselves and their children in the divorce process. I work with a network of child specialists, divorce coaches, and financial professionals who can be called upon if the couple wishes to expand their mediation team. I am a founding member and past president of the Collaborative Family Law Association. I attended St. Louis University School of Law and have had my own law form since Reduced Fee Program: Determined on a case by case basis.

7 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 7 of 11 Hunter, Christopher Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Mae Drive, Suite B Hours of Mediation Training: 50 Hourly Fee: $ Godfrey, IL Phone: I am a 1978 graduate of St. Louis University's School of Law and have been practicing in the area of domestic relations since graduation. I have been mediating family issues and other civil disputes since I am a Court Approved Family Mediator for the Circuit Court of Madison County, Illinois for child/custody visitation disputes. Reduced Fee Program: This is determined on a case-by-case basis. Kiesewetter, Mark Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Office Center Ave., #203 Hours of Mediation Training: 75 Hourly Fee: $150 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) AB M.Ed. University of Missouri-Columbia Court-appointed guardian ad litem. 25+ years experience working with families in divorce/custody proceedings. Located at Lindbergh and Tesson Ferry markkiesewetterllc@sbcglobal.net Reduced Fee Program: Reduced fee for appropriate cases. Lacey, J. Ronald Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than Clarkson Road, Suite 150 Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $200 Chesterfield, MO Phone: (636) BSBA Washington University (1970); J.D. - University of Missouri- Columbia (1973). Forty years' experience in domestic relations and general practice. Member - Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis and St. Louis Count; Bar Association. Reduced Fee Program: On a case-by-case basis upon a showing of need. Lacks, David B. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Carondelet Ave., Suite 105 Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $200 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) Specialize in dissolution, motions to modify and custody cases. Reduced Fee Program: Reduced fee depending on situation.

8 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 8 of 11 Magruder, Rebecca T. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over North Second St., Suite 300 Hours of Mediation Training: 1000 Hourly Fee: $250 St. Charles, MO Phone: (636) With an M.S.W. specializing in family therapy and a J.D. focusing on conflict resolution, I am uniquely qualified to mediate family disputes. My extensive training (more than 1,000 hours) and experience (nearly 1,700 mediations in 17 years) enables me to help people think "out of the box" to customize solutions for their special needs. I teach mediation across the country and am an adjunct professor of mediation at St. Louis University School of Law. Reduced Fee Program: Determined on a case by case basis. McAvoy, Michael J. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than Water Street Hours of Mediation Training: 48 Hourly Fee: $100 Fenton, MO Phone: Bachelor of Science Degree- Psychology - St. Louis University Doctor of Law Degree - St. Louis University Private practice - 35 years in Fenton, MO McCartney, Simone Haberstock Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Milwaukee Street, Suite 40 Hours of Mediation Training: 500 Hourly Fee: $200 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) I try to help the parties find creative and personalized solutions, take ownership of their decisions and develop communication and conflict resolution skills that will help them co-parent and stay out of court in the future. I am an experienced Attorney, Mediator and CPA/Accountant with 23 years of family law experience. I understand complex financial and accounting issues as well as the emotions and apprehensions caused by separation and divorce. I enjoy helping my clients find the right clientcentered process for their case while finding ways to add value with my services. I offer weekend and evening hours by appointment and a free 1/2 hour orientation, prior to starting mediation, where I can help clients understand the process, assess mediation as a choice, and plan for the first working meeting. I can also offer co-mediation and child-informed mediation (with a therapist), on-line mediation, collaborative law, cooperative law, parenting coordination, limited scope service and traditional litigation. I participate in the St. Louis County Volunteer mediator program and was a past president of the Collaborative Family Law Association. Missouri CPA (1985); Saint Louis University-JD (1991-cum laude); University of Missouri-L.L.M. (Masters of Law) Dispute Resolution (2013); former Adjunct Professor; ABA Certificate of Merit in Child Advocacy(1999). Reduced Fee Program: Reduced fee program; 30 minutes free orientation for all; I offer reduced fee schedule based on income.

9 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 9 of 11 Pudlowski, Elaine A. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Bemiston, #1111 Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $225 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) I have practiced in the filed of family law for 19 years and have worked extensively as a guardian ad litem in St. Louis City. St. Louis County since I have a BA JD from Washington University. I have conducted numerous mediations on all issues pertaining to family law. Reduced Fee Program: Will consider depending on circumstances. Rea, Gordon K. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Maryland Avenue, Suite 760 Hours of Mediation Training: 56 Hourly Fee: $225 Clayton, MO Phone: I am an attorney and certified Mediator in the Sate of Missouri. My experience includes both voluntary and court-ordered or court-annexed mediations. As a family law litigator, I understand how conflict of a litigated divorce can be used to harm children and set into motion a cycle of conflict extending into the future. Because my practice also includes other areas of law, I have expertise dividing businesses and handling high asset mediations. Reduced Fee Program: Discounts for active-duty police, firefighters and military. I can typically mediate a divorce in less than hours. Schultz, Rosalyn, Ph.D. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than Bonhomme Ave., Suite 800 Hours of Mediation Training: 81 Hourly Fee: $225 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) I am a licensed psychologist in private practice with 30 years of clinical experience as a therapist for children and adults. My areas of clinical expertise includes providing individual, couples, and family therapy for divorce-related issues. My forensic practice includes child custody/parenting plan evaluations and consultations, divorce mediation, and parenting coordination. I have provided expert witness testimony in family, juvenile, civil, and criminal court proceedings. I currently serve on the Board of Directors for Kids in the Middle and previously served on the gubernatorial appointed Child Abuse and Neglect Review Board (CAN/RB) and the Board of Directors of Citizens for Missouri's Children. I am a founding member of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts (AFCC), Missouri Chapter. Reduced Fee Program: Yes Simons, Kolleen Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Less than 10 9 Hilltop Village Center Hours of Mediation Training: 40 Hourly Fee: $150 Eureka, MO Phone: I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been working within the mental health field for over 13 years. I offer a diverse background with extensive experience of the court system. I have 10 years of experience working with attorneys and guardians ad litem in high conflict divorce Reduced Fee Program: Sliding scale fees.

10 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 10 of 11 Soule, Gary T. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Old Olive Street Road Hours of Mediation Training: 279 Hourly Fee: $250 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) As a family law attorney and mediator, with 40 years of experience, I have assisted clients to resolve all kinds of difficult issues dealing with child custody/visitation, child support, maintenance, and complex property/business questions. I work with clients to find the best possible solutions for their family law matters. I help my clients build a better future through creative problem solving. I see mediation increasing as a preferred way to resolve all types of family law disputes. Evening and weekend hours available. Reduced Fee Program: By agreement. Ulrich, Richard H. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Ladue Road Hours of Mediation Training: 56 Hourly Fee: $250 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) General practice attorney for more than 45 years with an emphasis on litigation, family and school law. I have also served as Special Master in dissolution cases. Reduced Fee Program: Depending on financial resources of clients, I would consider a lower hourly fee. VanLuven, Jennifer Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Woodcrest Ex. Dr, Suite 110 Hours of Mediation Training: 80 Hourly Fee: $200 St. Louis, MO Phone: Jennifer VanLuven, MSW, LCSW is an experienced mental health professional that ensures the mediation process addresses not only division of assets but the emotional needs of all involved. Specially trained focus on families in transition and the effects on children in the divorce process. Wiechens, Julie Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: 10 to Executive Drive, Suite 210 Hours of Mediation Training: 60 Hourly Fee: $150 St. Charles, MO Phone: (636) I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a Master degree from Washington University. I have worked with families for the past 14 years in a variety of settings helping to dissolve family problems. I am currently in private practice mediating divorce cases and doing therapy with children, adults and families. I believe that through mediation families can achieve better results. Reduced Fee Program: A sliding scale is available. Call for more information.

11 Family Court of St. Louis County Page 11 of 11 Williger, Nancy Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over S. Meramec, Suite 432T Hours of Mediation Training: 64 Hourly Fee: $150 Clayton, MO Phone: (314) Dr. Williger is trained as a social worker and a psychologist. She brings her training as a family therapist to family mediation. She has over 30 years experience as a family mediator and eight years as a collaborative divorce practitioner. Her specialty is mediating parenting plans that support the co-parenting relationship. Reduced Fee Program: There are a limited number of reduced fee slots. Willimon, Henry Pack, Jr. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Manchester Rd., Suite 210 Hours of Mediation Training: 226 Hourly Fee: $300 Ellisville, MO Phone: (636) General Practice Attorney with concentration in family, business and real estate litigation plus estate planning. Also admitted in Illinois. I have had a robust mediation practive with a history of successful outcomes for over 20 years. Education: B.S., United States Naval Academy; M.S., Naval Postgraduate School - Monterey; J.D., Washington University; M.B.A., Washington University; L.L.M., Washington University. Member, Association for Conflict Resolution. Reduced Fee Program: Will be pleased to consider reduced fee under appropriate circumstances. Twenty percent discount to active duty and retired military. Zvibleman, Alan N. Completed Dissolution of Marriage Mediations: Over Carondelet Ave., Suite 405 Hours of Mediation Training: 71 Hourly Fee: $350 St. Louis, MO Phone: (314) I have been practicing domestic law since 1979 and have been a mediator since I am a firm believer that people should be allowed to make their own choices regarding their lives and the lives of their children. The mediation process allows them to do so. Therefore, I am an enthusiastic advocate of the process and always use my best efforts to see that mediation succeeds.