Floods as a One Health Problem

Transcription

1 Floods as a One Health Problem Learning Objec7ves At the end of the session par7cipants will be able to: Understand how floods (and other disasters) can be viewed as a One Health problem Describe how climate change will influence the risk of floods in the future. Discuss the framework for a public health response to disasters and how the One Health competency domains fit into this framework. Describe the human and animal risks occurring at each stage of a flood emergency Identify key disciplines required for preparedness and response Identify potential long term effects of flooding on human and animal populations Discuss zoonotic, vectorborne, and other infectious and environmental diseases emerging from a flood emergency One Health Competency Domains Planning and management Leadership Collaboration and partnership Communication and informatics Policy, regulation, and advocacy Values and ethics Culture and belief Systems thinking 1

2 Public Health Response to Disasters Prepare Mi7gate Respond Recover Stages of Public Health Emergencies Detect and Assess Response Mitigation Recovery Examples of the many facets of emergency preparedness and response Infrastructure Responsible authorities Security Emergency Lines of communication Basic needs Coordination of activities Preparedness 2

3 Intersection of One Health Sectors Relocation Emergency services Public health surveillance Veterinary services Flood Event Health care Infrastructure Social services Floods Most common natural disaster Increasing frequency with: Climate change Urbaniza7on Agricultural expansion Ecosystem changes Dispropor7onate impact on poor Impacts on animals that lead to disease in humans Flood Characteris7cs Flash floods Severe precipita7on events Exacerbated land use River floods (seasonal) Costal floods Tsunami, storm surge, cyclones 3

4 Climate Change and Floods Earth s temperature rising Changing weather paserns More severe weather events Hurricanes, high precipita7on events Human Impacts on Ecosystem Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Evolution of Public Health Concerns in Flood Emergencies Prepare: Planning, training, prediction, etc Emergency Immediate threats, safety, injuries, basic needs, mitigate impacts Response Vector borne, zoonoses (rodents) mold, safe water/food, temporary housing, relocations Recovery Restore infrastructure/housing, mental health, PTSD, economic recovery 4

5 Preparing For Flood Emergencies Describe flooding events in your country/region in the last five years What agencies/exper7se is needed? Do needs vary by the type of flooding event? One Health considera7ons Human and animal popula7ons disloca7on Poten7al disease related to flood effects Mi7ga7ng the Immediate Effects of Floods Protec7ng vulnerable popula7ons from flood waters Preparedness plan to alert and poten7ally evacuate popula7ons Responding to Floods Immediate response Limit damage and life lost Extended effects of floods Zoonoses Vector borne disease Other infec7ous diseases Environmental exposures, e.g. mold Psychological effects 5

6 Recover from Floods Ge`ng things back to normal Preparing for future events Re- establishing and improving preparedness Flood Table Top Exercise A flood event occurs due to seasonal river rises and excessive rain Flooded area includes agricultural land and small ci7es downstream. Several children and adults drown in the flood Several large poultry, swine, and casle farms are inundated by fast moving water. Many smaller farms are also flooded. Flood Table Top Exercise Map out requirements for Prepara7on Response Mi7ga7on Recovery Iden7fy skills and exper7se needed Map these to the One Health Competencies 6

7 Disciplines Involved in Emergencies First responders/emergency Health (Public, health care, veterinary) Environment Public infrastructure Communica7ons Policy Law enforcement 7