Modeling of Pedestrian Level of Service Affected by Street Vendors Arrangement in Margonda Road, Depok

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1 Modeling of Pedestrian Level of Service Affected by Street Vendors Arrangement in Margonda Road, Depok Jachrizal Sumabrata a, Luhut Gurning b a Departement Teknik Sipil FTUI, Kampus UI Depok, Depok rjs@eng.ui.ac.id b Departement Teknik Sipil FTUI, Kampus UI Depok, Depok luhut.gurning@yahoo.com, ABSTRACT Conflict between pedestrians is interaction between the movement of either pedestrians toward or in the opposite direction, there are not only conflicted at crossing the road but also with the sellers/traders who stopped and trade on pedestrian area. The pedestrians along Margonda have the high volume because it is centered by a crowd affected by the campus and commercial places such as malls, and commercial places. In addition Margonda Street filled with other buildings such as shops, workshops, showrooms, schools and other shopping places. The objectives of this research are to determine and analyze the Level of Service (LOS) in the pedestrian area of Margonda with direct calculation and analysis using software named Nomad. Nomad software can be create and learn in the form of pedestrian movement simulations, assuming that the vendor referred to as barriers to the pedestrian and provides input policy on the location and the presence of street hawkers (street vendors) in Margonda area, The results of this analysis is the LOS of pedestrian in Margonda area is E, and there insignificant difference in all simulation. However, it is expected to assist in providing input on relevant government policy in relation to the presence of street vendors in the pedestrian area. These policies will benefit all elements between road users and street vendors. Keywords Pedestrian Level of Service, Street vendors, Pedestrian 1. INTRODUCTION Walking is the forgotten modes of transportation, infrastructure for pedestrians often overlooked, especially in the presence of sidewalk vendors (PKL), which obstruct pedestrian movement (Sumabrata, 2004) LOS is an indication of the level of comfort to the pedestrian area, which is to identify factors associated with conditions that exist in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000). Margonda area is a dense region with 3 important planned zones, including zones for office, education and shopping zone. Considering these conditions, the level of comfort should acquire the attention of road users. The presences of sidewalk vendors (street vendors) were out of control and affected pedestrian comfort. On the other hand the existence of street vendors provides benefits to road users. However, the existence of these street vendors have to be well controlled so as not to interfere with road users particularly pedestrians. Nomad simulation program can explain how the patterns of pedestrian movement across the region (Campanella, MC, et al, 2000). Nomad can be used to analyses the comfort level to the pedestrian in the Margonda affected by changes in walking velocity caused by street vendors. Nomad is a microscopic modeling program through a pedestrian simulation within an area on foot (walking areas). Imply that these microscopic simulations explained in detail. Behavior depends on the characteristics of the pedestrians, such as walking velocity that depends on gender, age, travel destination, etc. 2. RESEARCH METHOD The study conducted in the Margonda area as shown in figure 1. Page 2414

2 toko buku gramedia MALL MARGO CITY lokasi alat DEPOK TOWN SQUARE Figure 1, Reseach location Pedestrian is an important element in the analysis, the number of pedestrians and pedestrian travel time will be observed from the video recorded and translated into a Nomads program. Video capture was done on the Margo City Mall Bridge. The area represent the existing conditions was captured by the camera as shown in figure 2, the size of pedestrian area is 4 meters width and 20 meters length, the dimensions of street vendors is 40 cm x 140 cm. Figure 2, Video recorded Observations and data collection conducted in the morning and afternoon, with consideration of the existence of difference number of street vendors with 8x15 minute intervals. The scenario was made based on the existing data, as follows: - Existing condition. - Scenario 2 : The condition in which the presence of street vendors into increased 2 times. - Scenario 3 : Planning conditions is the condition of the location of street vendors to be more neat and orderly. - Scenario 4 : Clean condition which is No street vendors. Page 2415

3 The data translated to the Nomad to performed validation of the existing condition, and analyzed to the above scenario in order to obtain the characteristics of simulation scenario, such as pedestrian velocity, travel time and trajectory of pedestrians, the flow method as can be seen in Figure 3. Figure 3. Analysis Flow chart Nomad simulation as shown in figure 4, is based on the empirical knowledge of the behavior of pedestrians. The benefits of this simulation is to provides a prediction of the future situation, the compromise process among the pedestrians, shows activity of pedestrians may use the optimum route, acceleration, and change of purpose of travel. 3. DISCUSSION Figure 4, NOMAD Analysis Video footage of the afternoon shows the movement from south to north as well as the movement from north to south is almost analogousas shown in table 1. However, in morning the movement generally from north to south as shown in table 2. Table 1. Number of Pedestrian in the afternoon ( ) Periode Number of Pedestrian South Original 1 st 15 minutes nd 15 minutes rd 15 minutes th 15 minutes total average North Page 2416

4 Periode Tabel 2. Number of Pedestrian in the morning ( ) Number of Pedestrian South Original 1 st 15 minutes nd 15 minutes rd 15 minutes th 15 minutes total average North Nomad performed in four scenarios on both morning and evening conditions as shown in Figure 6. Morning Simulation Afternoon Simulation Morning Simulation Afternoon Simulation Figure 6, Scenario Simulatiom of NOMAD Page 2417

5 Based on the LOS analysis at each interval indicated that in the afternoon of the majority (47%) are at LOS E, as well as in the morning (51%), as can be seen in Figure 7. Figure 7, LOS Analysis of NOMAD Nomad simulation illustrates that there insignificant different on pedestrian velocity due to regulating street vendors, especially in the morning scenario, on the other hand in the afternoon scenario, the addition of the street vendors will reduce pedestrian velocity by 32%, but the control and exclusion of street vendors affected only 26% of pedestrian velocity. The pedestrian velocity variation of each simulation can be seen in Figure 8 and table 3. Page 2418

6 Figure 8, Velocity within Scenarios Table 3, Pedestrian velocity as Nomad scenario Phenomena in the field were pedestrians feel comfortable with the presence of street vendors, street vendors benefits the pedestrian because they can buy anything from the street vendors. So this at some point also makes buildup pedestrian area street vendors cannot be simply eliminated, because if there were no street vendors the pedestrian will considerable decline. From the phenomenon that occurs between field conditions with analysis by nomads, the existence of street vendors by pedestrians, but the presence of street vendors is not to obstruct the pedestrian comfort 4. CONCLUSION Based on data and analysis can be concluded that: The Margonda pedestrian area especially in the research area included in category LOS of E In the afternoon, presence of street vendors will make pedestrians have to travel in a longer time In the morning the existence of street vendors will not influence on pedestrian movement Analysis of the field using the Nomad is identical in terms of generating an average velocity of pedestrians. Some suggestions to improve the research include: It is need to carried out more than 2 times observations to acquire data related to the genuine conditions In the afternoon, the existence of street vendors should be more well-organized and disciplined ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To the W Daamen Hoogendoorn, Delft University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Transport and Planning Department whose authorize University of Indonesia to use of Nomad Simulation Program for research. Page 2419

7 REFERENCES 1. C. Jotin Khisty dan B. Kent Lall, Dasar- dasar rekayasa transportasi Edisi ketiga jilid 2 2. Campanella M.C, Dr. W Daamen, Prof dr. S.P Hoogendoom, User Manual of the microsdcopic pedestrian simulation model NOMAD, Delft University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences-Departement Transport and Planning, Campanella, MC, Hoogendoorn, SP & Daamen, W (2008). Calibration of pedestrian models with respect to self-organisation. Submitted to the TRAIL congress 2008, Delft: TRAIL Research School. 4. Daamen, W, Hoogendoorn, SP &van Wijngaarden, H (2008). Modelling pedestrians in and around entrance points: a first concept focussing on automated revolving doors, submitted to ISTS08, Australia. 5. Daamen, W, Hoogendoorn, SP & van Wijngaarden, H (2008). Results from a laboratory experiment involving pedestrians and a revolving door, to appear in Proceedings of Pedestrians and Evacuation Dynamics Daamen, W, Hoogendoorn, SP, Landman, R & van Wijngaarden, H (2008). Pedestrian behavior experiments in and around automated revolving doors. Proceedings of the 87th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington DC: Transportation Research Board, pp Pedestrian and Bicycle Concepts Highway Capacity Manual chapter 11, 2000, 8. Sumabrata, J. The Urban Transport Policies in Jakarta, Lambert Academic Publishing, Tata Cara Perencanaan Fasilitas pejalan kaki di kawasan perkotaan DPU Direktorat Jendrall Bina Marga Direktorat Bina Marga, 10. Undang- undang No.14 tahun 1992 dan Undang-undang no.22 tahun 2009 tentang Lalu lintas dan angkutan Jalan Page 2420

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