1. opinion adjectives come before fact adjectives 2. fact adjectives appear as follows: size - age - colour - origin - material

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Jacob Hensley
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1 Adjectives/adverbs Adjectives - word order: When there are two or more adjectives before a noun there are some complicated "rules" for the order in which they should appear. These are the most important: 1. opinion adjectives come before fact adjectives 2. fact adjectives appear as follows: size - age - colour - origin - material Here are some examples: a silly old man (an old silly man ) a beautiful blue butterfly (a blue beautiful butterfly ) an interesting historical film (a historical interesting film) a huge metal box (a metal huge box ) a new red dress (a red new dress ) little Russian dolls (Russian little dolls ) Q1. Which is the usual order of adjectives? She is wearing red beautiful shoes She is wearing beautiful red shoes. Q2. Which is the usual order of adjectives? He is just an old silly man. He is just a silly old man. Q3. Which is the usual order of adjectives? She bought a new powerful computer. She bought a powerful new computer. Q4. Which is the usual order of adjectives? They have just moved into a modern big house. They have just moved into a big modern house.

2 Q5. Which is the usual order of adjectives? Last night I watched an interesting German film. Last night I watched a German interesting film. Q6. Which is the usual order of adjectives? I need a new electronic dictionary. I need an electronic new dictionary. Q7. Which is the usual order of adjectives? My cellar is full of black big spiders. My cellar is full of big black spiders. Q8. Which is the usual order of adjectives? She was carrying a new beautiful bag. She was carrying a beautiful new bag. Q9. Which is the usual order of adjectives? I hate this awful wet weather. I hate this wet awful weather. Q10. Which is the usual order of adjectives?

3 I like that small glass coffee table. I like that glass small coffee table. I like that coffee glass small table. Q11. Which is the usual order of adjectives? There is a red horrible insect on your back. There is a horrible red insect on your back. Q12. Which is the usual order of adjectives? Sim City is a new exciting computer game. Sim City is a new computer exciting game. Sim City is an exciting new computer game. Q13. Which is the usual order of adjectives? I ate hot delicious soup for lunch. I ate delicious hot soup for lunch. Q14. Which is the usual order of adjectives? They live in a wonderful old wooden house. They live in an old wonderful wooden house. They live in a wooden wonderful old house. Q15. Which is the usual order of adjectives? They are a heavy loud metal band.

4 They are a loud heavy metal band. They are a metal heavy loud band. Adjectives: -ed or -ing? English contains numerous -ed or -ing adjective pairs derived from verbs. To avoid mixing these up, remember that the -ed adjectives are used to describe how you feel, and the -ing adjectives are used for what it is that makes you feel that way. Here are some examples: I feel tired. - Working in the garden all day is very tiring. I am bored. - This grammar lesson is boring. She was disappointed. - Her math test score was disappointing. I'm interested in Ancient Egypt. - I think Ancient Egypt is interesting. He was shocked. - He found your behaviour shocking. I'm very confused by this film. - This film is very confusing. Q1. This wet weather is so... depressed depressing Q2. I will be very... if she does well in her test. surprised surprising Q3. My new job is extremely... tired tiring Q4. I come home extremely... at the end of each day. tired tiring

5 Q5. He's such a... person. He never wants to go out. bored boring Q6. I'm... I have no idea what to do. confused confusing Q7. Did you hear the... news about the accident? shocked shocking Q8. I'm not very... in sport. interested interesting Q9. I didn't find his joke very... amused amusing Q10. I am... of spiders. frightened frightening

6 Q11. I am... with my grade in the grammar test. disappointed disappointing Q12. The film is very... excited exciting Q13. I am... about my test grades. They are all quite bad. depressed depressing Q14. It was not... she failed her tests. She never studied. surprised surprising Q15. I'm getting... with this book. Nothing ever happens. bored boring Q16. These instructions are extremely... Can you help me? confused

7 confusing Q17. I'm... that he could do something so stupid and dangerous. shocked shocking Q18. I don't find sport at all... interested interesting Q19. I was not... to be kept waiting so long. amused amusing Q20. Our new science teacher is very... We sit there like mice! frightened frightening Q21. It was very... not to be selected for the basketball team. disappointed disappointing Q22. I am... about the tennis tournament tomorrow.

8 excited exciting Q23. The news was quite... puzzled puzzling Q24. His behaviour has been very... in recent weeks. puzzled puzzling Adjective or adverb? In English most (but not all) adverbs have a different form (spelling) than their corresponding adjective. It is important, therefore, that you know whether you need an adjective or an adverb in the sentences you want to say or write. Generally, adjectives are used to describe nouns and adverbs are used with verbs to say how things are done. In the following examples, the adjectives are red and the adverbs are blue: He's a beautiful singer. - He sings beautifully. She's a very quick runner. - She can run very quickly. He's a careless writer. - He writes carelessly. She's a good worker. - She works well. Adverbs are also used to give extra information about adjectives (or other adverbs), as in the following examples: I am extremely happy in my new job. She's in hospital with a seriously injured neck. It's incredibly easy to make a mistake when knitting. The girl climbed dangerously high up the tree. Because of the thick fog I drove extremely carefully. After certain verbs (e.g. be, become, seem, look, taste, smell, etc.) the adjective, not the adverb, is used: She doesn't seem happy today. Don't be stupid! This meat tastes bad.

9 Those flowers smell strange. Q1. She's such a... dance good well Q2. He passed his test... easy easily Q3. She is a very... worker. slow slowly Q4. My mother speaks... German. perfect perfectly Q5. It was raining very... heavy heavily Q6. We'll have an accident if you don't drive more...

10 careful carefully Q7. I've never seen her dance so... good well Q8. I am... sure that I am right. real really Q9. Can you speak more..., please? loud loudly Q10. Please be... I'm trying to read. quiet quietly Q11. That was a... thing to say. stupid stupidly

11 Q12. She was smiling... happy happily Q13. You were very... to lose the game. unlucky unluckily Q14. This soup tastes... good well Q15. He smiled at me... friendly in a friendly way Q16. She looked at me... calm calmly Q17. She looked..., but I'm sure she was feeling very nervous. calm calmly

12 Q18. You always work very... hard hardly Q19. She often comes... to class. late lately Q20. I did really... in the mathematics test. bad badly Q21. I'm... sorry I'm late. extreme extremely Q22. She is a very... girl. good-looking well-looking Q23. He has a very... job. good-paid

13 well-paid Q24. You are... right. absolute absolutely Q25. She can run... than me. quicker more quickly ADJECTIVE An adjective is a word that describes a noun. It tells us more about a particular person, place, or thing. Adjectives also make it easy to understand which thing you're talking about. Adjectives can modify nouns or pronouns.. ADVERB An adverb is a word that describes a verb (the action), adjectives or other adverbs. Adverbs tell us how, when, or where something happened. Adjective Kendy is a careful girl. She is very careful. I am a slow walker. (How am I?) Adverb Kendy drives carefully. (How does she drive? I walk slowly. (How do I walk? Kendyis a careful driver. This sentence is about Mandy, the driver. The adjective describes the person. Kendy drives carefully. This sentence is about her way of driving. Th adverb describes how she drives.

14 Use of adverbs to modify verbs: The soccer team played badly last Saturday. to modify adjectives: It was an extemely bad match. The woman is quite pretty. to modify adverbs: The soccer team played extremely badly last Wednesday. to modify quantities: There are quite a lot of people here. to modify sentences: Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled. Types of adverbs 1) Adverbs of manner (quickly, kindly) 2) Adverbs of degree (very, rather) 3) Adverbs of frequency (often, sometimes) 4) Adverbs of time (now, today) 5) Adverbs of place (here, nowhere) Form Adjective + -ly Adjective Adverb dangerous careful nice horrible easy electronic dangerously carefully nicely horribly easily electronically Irregular forms

15 good fast hard well fast hard If the adjective ends in -y, change -y to -i. Then add -ly. happy - happily but: shy - shyly If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly. Example: terrible - terribly If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly. Example: safe - safely Tip: Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs. adjectives ending in -ly: friendly, silly, lonely, ugly nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply Adjective or Adverb after special verbs Both adjectives and adverbs may be used after look, smell, and taste. Adjective Adverb You look tired. She looked at me angrily. The pizza tastes good / delicious. She tasted the soup suspiciously. The room smells bad / awful. She smelt the flowers happily. Write down the correct form of the word in brackets (adjective or adverb). 1. Tom is (slow) slow. He works slow ly. 2. Danny is a (careful) student.. He did his homework.

16 3. The dog is (angry). It barks. 4. They learn English (easy). They think English is an language. 5. Jennifer is a (good) singer. She sings. 6. It's (awful) cold today. The wind is. 7. My father is a (careful ) driver. He always drives. 8. The little girl looked (sad). She looked at me. 9. The students talk (loud). The class is (terrible) loud today.

1 Grammar in the Real World

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