What Maple is That? A book by Peter Gregory and Hugh Angus Chapter One Introduction. Chapter Five Descriptions of Hardier species in Cultivation
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1 What Maple is That? A book by Peter Gregory and Hugh Angus Chapter One Introduction Chapter Two Identification Chapter Three Summer/Leaf Keys Chapter Four Winter Keys Chapter Five Descriptions of Hardier species in Cultivation Chapter Six Brief Descriptions of the less hardy species Appendices Glossary, synonym list, bibliography
2 Today Look at how the keys are arranged and important features. How to use the summer/leaf key Walk around the tree and note any variation in the leaves. Select a leaf or leaves that appear to be typical in shape, size and lobing. Several species may have 3-5 lobed leaves, A. davidiianda. stachyophyllum as examples. Note other features such as bark, buds, flowers or fruit if present.
3 Summer/Leaf Key, 14 categories. Index to identification keys A. Species with compound leaves. B. Species with mainly 9 or more lobed leaves. C. Species with mainly 7-lobed leaves. 1. Leaf margins with numerous saw teeth 2. Leaf margins untoothed or with a few largish triangular teeth D. Species with mainly 5-lobed leaves. 1. Leaf margins with largish pointed teeth or no teeth. 2. Leaves with bluntish lobe tips and teeth. 3. Large leaves - >12.5cm wide, with largish teeth on margins. 4. Large leaves - >12.5cm wide, with many small teeth. 5. Snakebark maples. 6. Small to medium sized leaves with numerous small teeth. Non-snakebark maples but with stalked buds. 7. Small to medium sized leaves with numerous small teeth. Maples having unstalked buds but with valvate scales. E. Species with mainly 3-lobed leaves. 1. With untoothed leaf margins. 2. With numerous small teeth on leaf margins, lobes on lower half of leaves. 3. With numerous small teeth on leaf margins, lobes on outer half of leaves. F. Species with unlobed leaves.
4 A Species with compound leaves (9). Acer cissifolium, Vine leaf maple Basal leaflets >3mm long Acer griseum, Paperbark maple Basal leaflets < 3mm long 1. Leaf margins 2. Hairs on back of leaf 3. Petiole length Acer pentaphyllum
5 B Species with mainly 9 or more lobes (6). Acer japonicum, Full Moon maple Leaves mostly > 9cm wide Acer sieboldianum, Siebold s maple Leaves mostly < 9cms wide 1. Shoot colour in second year of growth 2. Leaf margins, whether coarse irregular V even saw teeth or none 3. How deeply divided are the leaves, tricky! Acer pictum ssp. okomotoanum Acer pseudosieboldianum
6 C1 Species with mainly 7 lobes (11) Leaf margins with numerous saw-teeth Acer shirasawanum, Shirasawa s maple Leaf, petiole and shoot hairless, once leaves are fully developed (2) Acer erianthum, Woolly flowered maple Leaf with hairs, at least as tufts in the vein-axils beneath (9) 1. Colour of second year shoot 2. Hairiness in general 3. Lobes, how deeply cut? Acer erianthum Acer pubipalmatum
7 C2 Species with mainly 7 lobes (4) Untoothed or a few largish triangular teeth on the margins Acer cappadocicum, Cappadocicum maple Leaf underside green. Petiole with milky sap (3) Acer saccharinum, Silver maple Leaf underside blue grey. Petiole with watery sap (1) 1. Colour of second year shoot 2. Number of or no teeth on the leaf margins Acer pictum
8 D1 Species with mainly 5-lobed leaves. Leaf margins with largish triangular teeth or no teeth (9). Acer platanoides, Norway maple Petiole with milky sap (5) Acer saccharum, Sugar maple Petiole with watery sap (4) 1. Colour of second year shoot 2. Number and shape of teeth/lobes 3. Leaf underside, hairiness and colour Acer sieboldianum Acer cissifolium
9 D2 - Species with mainly 5-lobed leaves. Leaves with roundish lobe tips and teeth (8). Acer opalus, Italian maple Petiole with watery sap (5) Acer campestre, Field maple Petiole with milky sap (3) 1. Leaf size, <> 4ins (10cms)long and wide. 2. Colour of leaf underside Acer heldreichii Acer saccharum ssp. grandidentum
10 D3 Species with mainly 5-lobed leaves. Large leaves > 10cm. across, untoothed or with a few largish teeth on the margins.(5) Acer macrophyllum, Oregon maple Petioles with milky sap (3) Acer saccharinum, Silver maple Petioles with Watery sap (2) 1. Leaf lobes, blunt or sharp? 2. Colour of leaf underside 3. Leaf margins with, without teeth
11 D4 Species with mainly 5-lobed leaves. Large leaves >10cm wide, numerous small teeth (7). Acer sterculiaceum, Pungent maple Leaf margins with irregular uneven sized teeth with tips bluntly pointed (4) Acer tegmentosum, Coated maple Leaf margins with very small even sharply-pointed teeth (3) 1. Bark, three snakbarks 2. Bloom on current shoot 3. Petiole with milky or watery sap Acer pensylvanicum Acer rufinerve
12 D5 Species with mainly 5 lobed leaves. Snakebark maples all have stalked buds (10.) Acer pensylvanicum, Moosewood Large leaf > 10cms wide (2) 1. Colour of current shoot 2. Leaf underside, hairs, bridges 3. Bark 4. Stalked buds Acer micranthum, Small flowered maple Small to medium sized leaf < 10cms wide (8) Acer morifolium Acer capillipes Acer tegmentosum
13 D6 Small to medium sized leaves with numerous small teeth. Non-snakebark maples but with stalked buds (7). Acer barbinerve, Bearded maple Hairs present, at least in the vein axils on the leaf underside (6) Acer glabrum, Rock maple Leaf and shoot hairless. Leaf underside grey-green (1) 1. Leaf underside, hair colour white V fawn 2. Texture of upper leaf surface 3. Stalked buds (non snakebark maples) Acer caudatum Acer acuminatum
14 D7 Small to medium sized leaves with numerous small teeth Species having unstalked buds and just a few bud scales (8) Acer palmatum ssp. palmatum Acer palmatum ssp. matsumurae Leaf hairless when fully developed (3) Acer pubipalmatum Leaf with hairs, at least in the vein axils on leaf underside(5) 1. Leaf size 2. Leaf top, colour 3. Lobes, depth of division (A. palmatum) Acer pubipalmatum Acer schneiderianum
15 E1 - Species with mainly 3-lobed leaves. With untoothed leaf margins (6). Acer sempervirens, Creten maple Leaves with smoothish shiny ivy like upper surface (3) Acer tenellum, Delicate-leaved maple Normal deciduous type leaves (3) 1. Colour of leaf undersurface 2. Milky or watery sap in petioles 3. Leaf shape Acer monspessulanum Acer obtusifolium
16 E2 Species with mainly 3-lobed leaves. With numerous small teeth on leaf margins, lobes in lower half of leaf (9). Acer tartaricum ssp. ginnala Distinct lateral lobes with pointed tips (5) Acer caudatifolium, Morrison s maple Small lateral lobes with pointed to roundish tips (4) 1. Leaf margins, teeth shape 2. Colour of leaf hairs on leaf underside 3. Leaf dimensions Acer pectinatum Acer stachyophyllum
17 E3 Species with mainly 3-lobed leaves. With numerous small teeth on leaf margins, lobes on outer half of leaves (9). Acer morifolium, Mulberry leaf maple Clear snakebark striping on bark (5) Acer pycnanthum, Japanese red maple Maples without snakebark striping on bark (4) 1. Bark 2. Colour of hairs on underside of leaf 3. Leaf margins, teeth shape Acer capillipes Acer rufinerve
18 F Species with unlobed leaves (11). Acer fabri, Fabri s maple Leaf distinctly more than twice as long as wide (5) Acer distylum, Lime leaved maple Leaf usually < twice as long as wide (6) 1. Whether leaf upper surface is shiny or glossy. 2. Colour leaf undersurface 3. General leaf shape Acer davidii Acer carpinifolia
19 Key features of summer/leaf key 1. Number of lobes, can be tricky 2. Teeth shape, size or abscent 3. Leaf size 4. Milky or watery sap in petiole 5. Stalked buds What success? % with practice 2. Never use keys alone, confirm with full description What other features?
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