Tree factsheet images at pages 3, 4, 5
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1 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Tree factsheet images at pages 3, 4, 5 Prunus serotina Ehrh. taxonomy author, year Ehrhart 1783 synonym - Family Rosaceae Eng. Name Black Cherry, Wild Cherry Dutch name Amerikaanse vogelkers subspecies varieties - hybrids - cultivars, frequently used - P. serotina ssp. serotina (introduced in The Netherlands) P. serotina ssp. hirsuta P. serotina ssp. eximia P. serotina ssp. virens P. serotina ssp. capuli references McVaugh, R A revision of the North American Black cherries. Brittonia 7(4): Schütz, P.R Prunus serotina, taxonomie en herkomst (in Dutch) Schütz, P.R Prunus serotina, verslag van een verwarde geschiedenis. NBT 60(9): (in Dutch) USDA Forest Service Plants for a Future Database; morphology crown habit tree or shrub, oval to spreading max. height (m) in The Netherlands: 25 as a tree, but mostly shrub-like 8 m. in USA: 30 or more as a tree. max. dbh (cm) in The Netherlands: 80 or more in USA: 100 or more actual size Europe year 1907, Jülich, Germany (trial plot, 1987) actual size Netherlands year, d(130) 80, h 24 (in 1987), Plantage, Huis Bergh, s-heerenberg (also in Stadspark, Eindhoven) leaf length (cm) 6-15 (-19) leaf petiole (cm) 0,5-1,5 leaf colour upper surface green leaf colour under surface green leaves arrangement alternate flowering May flowering plant monoecious flower hermaphrodite flower diameter (cm) 1 flower male catkins length (cm) - pollination insects fruit; length cherry; 0,8-1,2 cm fruit petiole (cm) 0,3-0,5 seed; length stone-fruit; 0,5 cm seed-wing length (cm) - weight 1000 seeds (g) seeds ripen July August seed dispersal birds (especially starling), fox, wood mouse
2 habitat natural distribution East and Mid USA, S.E. Canada in N.W. Europe since introduced in France 1623 by Robin. Introduced in The Netherlands in 1782 by Brakel since 20 th century in Dutch forests natural areas The Netherlands - geological landscape types The Netherlands dune area, coversand area, drift sand area, ice-pushed ridges (Hoek 1997) forested areas The Netherlands as an understorey shrub in Pine and Oak forests area Netherlands not a forest canopy tree % of forest trees in the Netherlands - soil type, water sandy soils ph-kcl indifferent soil fertility indifferent light shade tolerant ❶shade tolerance 2.5 ❶drought tolerance 3.0 ❶waterlogging tolerance 1.1 plant communities in the Netherlands Klasse der naaldbossen: -Dicrano-Juniperetum Gaffeltandmos-Jeneverbesstruweel -Leucobryo-Pinetum Kussentjesmos-Dennenbos Klasse der Eiken-beukenbossen op voedselarme grond: -Betulo-Quercetum roboris Berken-eikenbos -Fago-Quercetum Beuken-eikenbos -Deschampsio-Fagetum Bochtige smele-beukenbos management status N. america status Europe status The Netherlands application propagation regeneration optimal gap size for regeneration first plantation Netherlands resprouting after cutting growth rate (M.A.I. in m 3 ha -1 j -1 ) diseases insects frequent species in forests infrequent exotic species in forests frequent exotic species in forests timber tree (USA), in The Netherlands as a weed seed seeding, planting; natural regeneration from seed understorey very good fast (data unknown) wood wood American cherry (Dutch: Amerikaans kersen) wood structures key characteristics of pores Ring porous. Tangential bands of pores. 4-5 seriate rays. vol. mass heartwood (kg/m3) 560 (12% moisture content) elastic modulus (N/mm 2 ) durability heartwood fungus 3 heartwood color light to dark red brown sapwood color yellow to light brown contents gum in narrow canals products furniture, cladding, musical instruments, tools, cutlery, turnery, veneer non-timber products fruits -Raw not well edible for humans, contain small amounts of cyanide. -Local Wild Cherry beer is produced at Terschelling. ❶Ülo Niinemets and Fernando Valladares Tolerance to shade, drought, and waterlogging of temperate Northern Hemisphere trees and shrubs. Ecological Monographs 76:
3 Black cherry leaves seedling young tree, Renkum leaves in fall color photography 4x Leo Goudzwaard, Wageningen University
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