PERIODIC TABLES: I. Directory, II. Traditional, III. Vertical, IV. Toxicity (LD 50 values), V. Native (elemental form)

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1 PERIODIC TABLES: I. Directory, II. Traditional, III. Vertical, IV. Toxicity (LD 50 values), V. Native (elemental form) Site developed by Steve Murov, Professor Emeritus of Chemistry, Modesto Junior College, Other Murov sites: Chemistry Directory: Organic Chemistry Directory: Organic Solvent Properties and Property Directory: Reaction-Map of Organic Chemistry: I. Directory of Periodic Tables A. Properties, Graphing and/or Ranking Capability WebElements B. Properties Interactive and/or Animated Periodic Table Images of Elements About the Periodic Table

2 C. Mendeleev and the History of the Periodic Table D. Emission Spectra of Elements and Electron Structure E. Isotopes F. Chemogenesis (chemical reactivity from the periodic table) G. Tabular Compilation of Elemental Properties and Abundances H. Elemental Toxicities I. Sources, Uses, Functions and Mineralogy of Elements Native Elements J. Periodic Table Videos K. Extended Periodic Table L. Vertical Periodic Table extended M. Periodic Table Printmaking Projects

3 N. Periodic Table of Comic Books - O. The Element Song by Tom Lehrer P. Periodic Table Templates Q. Directories of Periodic Tables Questions about the periodic Tables 1. Suggest reasons for the predominance of the horizontal periodic table model over the vertical model but also suggest some advantages of the vertical model. 2. Which elements are sometimes referred to as the noble metals and why are they called noble metals? Is there any relationship of this terminology to the use of these metals in jewelry? 3. Of the elements with LD 50 values for rodents reported, list the five most toxic. Does there appear to be any periodicity to toxicity? Explain your answer. (Note: a possibly relevant reference is: 4. Which of the native elements occur in nature in uncombined form (not as diatomics or bonded to themselves)? Is there a difference between the definition of an element and an elementary substance? (Note: a possibly relevant reference is Myers, R.J. J. Chem. Educ., 2012, 89, pp

4 II. Traditional PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS s d p A 8A H He A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 8B 8B 1B 2B K Ca Sc Ti 23 V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe (98) Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir 78 Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn (209) (210) (222) 87 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fr Lv (223) (261) (262) (263) (262) (265) (266) (269) (272) (277) (284) (289) (288) (292) (294) (294) f Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu (145) Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (260) key: bold or normal italics - gas, shadow - liquid, bold or normal - solid, normal print - all known isotopes are radioactive

5 III. Vertical PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS A H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr (223) s 2 2A Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra B Sc Y La Ac B Ti Zr Hf Rf Ce Th (261) B V Nb Ta Db Pr Pa (262) B Cr Mo W Sg Nd U (263) B Mn Tc Re Bh Pm Np (98) (262) (145) d B Fe Ru Os Hs Sm Pu (265) (244) B Co Rh Ir Mt Eu Am (266) (243) B Ni Pd Pt Ds Gd Cm (269) (257) f B Cu Ag Au Rg Tb Bk (272) (247) B Zn Cd Hg Cn Dy Cf (277) (257) A B Al Ga In Tl 2003 Ho Es (284) (252) A C Si Ge Sn Pb Fr Er Fm (289) (257) A N P As Sb Bi 2003 Tm Md (288) (258) p A O S Se Te Po Lv Yb No (209) (292) (259) A F Cl Br I At 2010 Lu Lr (210) (294) (260) A He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn (222) (294) key: bold or normal italics - gas, shadow - liquid, bold or normal - solid, normal print - all known isotopes are radioactive

6 IV. PERIODIC TABLE OF TOXICITIES OF ELEMENTS LD 50 (mg/kg) values for rats 1 of the chlorides 1 of the elements (oxidation state indicated) 1 H 2 He Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr < > Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe Cs 56 Ba 57 La 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn Fl Lv Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr 1 values taken from for rats and chlorides unless noted otherwise 2 rabbit 3 mouse 4 oxide 5 nitrate

7 V. PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS FOUND IN ELEMENTAL FORM 1 H 2 He 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe 55 Cs 56 Ba 57 La 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn rarely? 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn Fl Lv Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr

B I N G O B I N G O. Hf Cd Na Nb Lr. I Fl Fr Mo Si. Ho Bi Ce Eu Ac. Md Co P Pa Tc. Uut Rh K N. Sb At Md H. Bh Cm H Bi Es. Mo Uus Lu P F.

B I N G O B I N G O. Hf Cd Na Nb Lr. I Fl Fr Mo Si. Ho Bi Ce Eu Ac. Md Co P Pa Tc. Uut Rh K N. Sb At Md H. Bh Cm H Bi Es. Mo Uus Lu P F. Hf Cd Na Nb Lr Ho Bi Ce u Ac I Fl Fr Mo i Md Co P Pa Tc Uut Rh K N Dy Cl N Am b At Md H Y Bh Cm H Bi s Mo Uus Lu P F Cu Ar Ag Mg K Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility - Office of cience ducation