Chemical Reactions. Chemical Reaction. Chemical Reaction (continued) Reactants yield Products Or Reactants Products. Chemical Reactions 2014.
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1 Chemical Reactions D. Knauss RRHS Chemical Reaction When one or more substances change into one or more new substances with different chemical and physical properties. Chemical Reaction (continued) Reactants yield Products Or Reactants Products 1
2 Chemical Reaction (continued) Law of Conservation of Mass: Mass is neither created nor destroyed 5 Types of Chemical Reactions Single Displacement (Single Replacement) Double Displacement (Double Replacement) Combustion Decomposition Synthesis (Combination) Balancing Chemical Reactions 1. Write out the names for the (Word 2. Write out the chemical symbols for the elements. 3. Balance the chemical formulas (only subscripts i.e. H 2 O) (Skeleton 4. Balance the chemical equation (only coefficients 3H 2 O ). (Balanced 2
3 Sample Equation Word Equation Silver and Iodine react to form Silver Iodide Skeleton Equation Ag + I 2 > AgI Balanced Equation 2Ag + I 2 > 2AgI Single Displacement An element in a compound is replaced by another Single Displacement Aluminum + Magnesium Chloride yields 3
4 Answer Write out the reactants and products in word form (Word Aluminum + Magnesium Chloride yields Aluminum Chloride and Magnesium Write out element symbols and compounds Al + MgCl > AlCl + Mg Write out the charges for the ions Al + Mg +2 Cl 1 > Al +3 Cl 1 + Mg Balance the chemical formulas (Skeleton Al + MgCl2 > AlCl3 + Mg Check how many aluminums are in the Al + MgCl2 > AlCl3 + Mg Check how many magnesiums are in the Al + MgCl2 > AlCl3 + Mg Check how many chlorines are in the Al + 3MgCl2 > 2AlCl3 + Mg Check how many aluminums are in the 2Al + 3MgCl2 > 2AlCl3 + Mg Check how many magnesiums are in the (Balanced 2Al + 3MgCl2 > 2AlCl3 + 3Mg Double Displacement Reactions Two compounds exchange cations or anions resulting in the formation of two new compounds. Double Displacement Reactions (continued) One of the following must be true: One product precipitates from solution with one dissolved in solution One product leaves as a gas One product is a molecular compound that separates from the ions as an intact molecule 4
5 Balance the following Double Displacement Reaction potassium iodide and magnesium oxide Write out the reactants and products in word form (Word Potassium Iodide and Magnesium Oxide react to form Potassium Oxide and Magnesium Iodide Write out element symbols and compounds KI + MgO > KO + MgI Write out the charges for the ions K +1 I 1 + Mg +2 O 2 > K +1 O 2 + Mg +2 I 1 Balance the chemical formulas (Skeleton KI + MgO > K2O + MgI2 Check how many Potassiums are in the 2KI + MgO > K2O + MgI2 Check how many Iodines are in the 2KI + MgO > K2O + MgI2 Check how many Magnesiums are in the 2KI + MgO > K2O + MgI2 Check how many Oxygens are in the (Balanced 2KI + MgO > K2O + MgI2 Combustion Is the reaction of a carbonbased compound with oxygen. Always involves oxygen in the reactants and carbon dioxide and water in the products C?H? O? + O2 > CO2 + H2O 5
6 Balance the following Combustion Reaction What is the balanced equation for the combustion of methane (CH 4 )? Answer Methane + Oxygen reacts to form Water + Carbon Dioxide (Word CH 4 + O 2 > H 2 O + CO 2 (Skeleton Balance Carbon CH 4 + O 2 > H 2 O + CO 2 Balance Hydrogen CH 4 + O 2 > 2H 2 O + CO 2 Balance Oxygen CH 4 + 2O 2 > 2H 2 O + CO 2 (Balanced Decomposition Reactions A single compound is broken down into two or more elements 6
7 Balance the following Decomposition Reaction dihydrogen monoxide Word Equation Answer Dihydrogen monoxide yields Hydrogen and Oxygen Skeleton Equation H 20 > H 2 + O 2 Balance Hydrogen H 20 > H 2 + O 2 Balance Oxygen 2H 20 > H 2 + 2O 2 Balance Hydrogen 2H 20 > 2H 2 + O 2 Synthesis Reactions Two or more substances react to form a single substance 7
8 Balance the following Synthesis Reaction magnesium and oxygen Word Equation Answer Magnesium and Oxygen react to form Magnesium Oxide Skeleton Equation Mg + O 2 > MgO Balance Magnesium Mg + O 2 > MgO Balance Oxygen Mg + O 2 > 2MgO Balance Magnesium 2Mg + O 2 > 2MgO Jan 6 9:06 AM 8
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