ascending order decimal denominator descending order Numbers listed from largest to smallest equivalent fraction greater than or equal to SOL 7.

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1 SOL 7.1 ascending order Numbers listed in order from smallest to largest decimal The numbers in the base 10 number system, having one or more places to the right of a decimal point denominator The bottom number of a fraction descending order Numbers listed from largest to smallest equivalent Having the same value fraction greater than or equal to A number used to name a part of a group or a whole. The number below the bar is the denominator, and the number above the bar is the numerator. Symbols that describe a relationship in which the expression on the left is greater than the expression on the right

2 SOL 7.1 (continued) less than or equal to Symbols that describe a relationship in which the expression on the left is less than the expression on the right numerator The top number of a fraction percent A ratio that compares a number to 100 place value The use in number systems of the position of a digit in a number to indicate the value of the digit; the same digit in different place-value positions has different meanings. For example, the "3" has a value of (three thousandths) in the number , but the "3" has a value of 0.3 (three tenths) in the number product The result of two numbers being multiplied together scientific notation A number written as a product of a number that is at least one but less than 10, and a power of 10

3 SOL 7.2 arithmetic sequence common difference A sequence in which each term is found by adding the same number to the previous term In an arithmetic sequence, the number that is added to each previous number to obtain the next number common ratio In a geometric sequence, the number that is multiplied by each previous number to obtain the next number geometric sequence A sequence in which each term can be found by multiplying the previous term by the same number SOL 7.3 checking account balance An accounting of deposits and withdrawals of money deposit The act of putting money into a bank withdrawal The act of taking out money from a bank

4 SOL 7.3 (continued) Integers Set of whole numbers and their opposites { -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 } sum The result of addition difference The result of subtraction zero pairs A pair of numbers whose sum is zero quotient The result of division product The result of multiplication base In a power, the number used as a factor

5 SOL 7.3 (continued) exponent In a power, the number that tells how many times the base is used as a factor expression A mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/or variables order of operations The rules to follow when more than one operation is used in a numerical expression powers Numbers expressed using exponents SOL 7.4 discount The amount by which the regular price of an item is reduced investment Money that is deposited with an expectation of profit loan The provision of money temporarily; to lend

6 SOL 7.4 (continued) original price The cost of an item(s) without a discount, sales tax, or tip included principal The amount of an investment or a debt rate of interest The percent charged or earned on an amount of money sales price dimension equivalent fractions Determined by subtracting the discount from the original price of the merchandise The measure of the magnitude or size of an object. So the dimensions of a cube are the length, width and height. These values describe how large the cube is. Fractions that have the same value proportion An equation that shows that two ratios are equivalent

7 SOL 7.4 (continued) rate A ratio that compares two quantities with different kinds of units scale drawing A drawing that is similar but either larger or smaller than the actual object SOL 7.5 circumference The distance around a circle cylinder A three-dimensional figure with two parallel, congruent, circular bases diameter The distance across a circle through its center net An arrangement of two-dimensional figures that can be folded to form a polyhedron radius The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle

8 SOL 7.5 (continued) rectangular prism A solid figure that has two parallel and congruent bases that are rectangles volume The number of cubic units needed to fill the space occupied by a solid surface area The sum of the areas of all the surfaces (faces) of a three-dimensional figure SOL 7.6 congruent Figures or angles that have the same size and shape congruent polygons corresponding angles corresponding sides Similar polygons for which the ratio of the corresponding sides is one-to-one Angles that have the same relative positions in geometric figures Sides that have the same relative positions in geometric figures

9 SOL 7.6 (continued) similar polygons Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size adjacent sides Two sides of a polygon that share a common vertex SOL 7.7 isosceles trapezoid A trapezoid with one pair of noncongruent, parallel sides and one pair of congruent, non-parallel sides trapezoid A trapezoid with one pair of noncongruent, parallel sides rectangle A parallelogram with four right angles parallelogram A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides

10 SOL 7.7 (continued) quadrilateral A closed figure having four sides and four angles rhombus A parallelogram with four congruent sides square A parallelogram having four right angles and four congruent sides parallel Extending in the same direction congruent Equal in size and shape

11 PRACTICE: Cut out the items below and practice sorting the pictures, names of the polygons, and the polygon characteristics. parallelogram opposite sides are parallel and congruent opposite angles are congruent isosceles trapezoid 1 pair of opposite sides are parallel 2 pair of adjacent angles are congruent square opposite sides are parallel and 4 congruent sides 4 right angles rectangle opposite sides are parallel and congruent 4 right angles trapezoid 1 pair of opposite sides are parallel may have 2 right angles OR may have all angles with different measures rhombus opposite sides are parallel and 4 congruent sides opposite angles are congruent

12 SOL 7.8 vertical axis The y-axis in a coordinate plane which spans from top to bottom horizontal axis The x-axis in a coordinate plane which spans from left to right ordered pairs A pair of numbers used to locate a point in a coordinate plane. An ordered pair is written in the form (x-coordinate, y- coordinate). center of rotation The point about which a figure is rotated origin The point at which the x-axis and the y- axis intersect in a coordinate plane rotation A turn of a figure around a fixed point translation A slide of the figure at which all points on the figure move the same distance in the same direction

13 SOL 7.8 (continued) dilation A transformation that changes the size of a figure by a scale factor to create a similar figure reflection A flip of a geometric figure across a line transformation A mapping of a geometric figure experimental probability of an event independent event theoretical probability of an event SOL 7.9 An estimated probability based on the relative frequency of positive outcomes occurring during an experiment Events for which the outcome of one event does not affect the probability of the other The ratio of the number of ways an event can occur to the number of possible outcomes

14 SOL 7.10 sample space The set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment the fundamental counting principle Uses multiplication of the number of ways each event in an experiment can occur to find the number of possible outcomes in a sample space tree diagram A diagram used to show the total number of possible outcomes in a probability experiment SOL 7.11 cumulative frequency frequency distribution Includes a running total of the frequencies of all the previous groups Shows how often an item, a number, or a range of numbers occurs histogram A special kind of bar graph in which the bars are used to represent the frequency of numerical data that have been organized in intervals

15 SOL 7.12 function A rule that pairs exactly one element of a set with one and only one element of another set relation A set of ordered pairs, in which for each first number there may be many second numbers SOL 7.13 algebraic equation A mathematical statement that states that two expressions are equal algebraic expression An expression with at least one variable verbal expression A word phrase verbal sentence A complete word statement expression A name for a number

16 SOL 7.13 Practice Activity Directions: Cut out each card and sort the verbal expressions (on the left) with the algebraic expressions (on the right). The product of four and a number, decreased by seven 4x - 7 Triple the number of students in Erin s class divided by six is fifteen. 3x = 15 6 A number subtracted from seven is eight 7 x = 8 Seven less than a number is eight x 7 = 8 Forty less than a thirty is a number = x

17 SOL 7.13 (continued) Practice Activity Directions: Cut out each card and sort the verbal expressions (on the left) with the algebraic expressions (on the right). The sum of a number and five is eight x + 5 = 8 Three more than twice a number is fifteen 3 + 2x = 15 The sum of two consecutive integers x + (x + 1) Four less than twice a number 2x - 4 Three times a number increased by eight 3x + 8

18 SOL 7.14 inverse operation Operations that "undo" each other. Addition and subtraction are inverse operations. Multiplication and division are inverse operations. one-step equation An equation that requires only one operation to solve two-step equation An equation that requires two operations to solve SOL 7.15 one-step inequality An inequality that requires only one operation to solve SOL 7.16 additive identity associative property (x,+) The sum of an addend and zero is the addend. Identity for addition is 0 (zero) since adding zero to any number will give the number itself. In other words, 0 + a = a + 0 = a The way in which three numbers are grouped when they are added or multiplied does not change their sum or product

19 SOL 7.16 (continued) commutative property (x,+) distributive property The order in which two quantities are added or multiplied does not change their sum or product To multiply a sum by a number, multiply each addend of the sum by the number outside the parentheses equation A mathematical sentence that contains an equal sign, = inverse multiplicative identity multiplicative property of zero Operations that "undo" each other. Addition and subtraction are inverse operations. Multiplication and division are inverse operations The product of a factor and one is the factor. Identity for multiplication is "1," because multiplying any number by 1 will not change it. In other words, a x 1 = 1 x a = a The product of any real number and zero is zero.