Life on the. Warm Up. Talk with a partner.

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1 Life on the ove 4 Warm Up wildebeest and zebra migrating in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania Talk with a partner.. When animals migrate, they move from one place to another place. Why do you think animals migrate? 2. Which animals do you know migrate? 47

2 Swainson s hawk 4A Animal Migration PACIFIC BLUEFIN TUNA 8079 km. saiga SWAINSON S HAWK,90 km. SAIGA 285,000 sq. km. PACIFIC BLUEFIN TUNA 8079 km. WILDEBEEST 83,550 sq. km. Pacific bluefin tuna ARCTIC TERN 45,496 km. GREAT WHITE SHARK,04 km. Arctic tern wildebeast great white shark Before You Read A Strategy: Reading a map. Look at the map. How does each animal migrate by air, sea, or land? Which animal travels the longest distance? Talk about your answers with a partner. B Definitions. Match the words with their meanings.. completely 5. face (v.) in common 6. challenge a. also b. to move through the water c. a problem, or difficult thing d. to try not to be near a person or thing 3. swim 7. avoid 4. survive 8. in addition e. having something the same f. to keep living g. 00% h. to meet and try to fix a problem or bad condition Unit 4 Life on the Move RA2_U4A_DL_05.indd 0 2//2 2:2 AM

3 Reading Strategy: Skimming. Quickly read the passage and write the number of the paragraph that has the answers to each question. a. How much water? b. Why migrate? c. How dangerous? d. How far? a onghorn herd runs across Wyoming, U.S.A. Move as Millions, Sur vive a s One Great white sharks in the Pacific Ocean. Wildebeest in Africa. Arctic terns in the Atlantic. At first, these animals seem completely different. One swims, one walks, and the other flies. But they all have one thing in common. They all migrate. Some migrating animals move to a place with a better temperature. Some go to find food or water. The groups travel as one, trying to survive. During the trip, they face many different challenges. One challenge is distance. Some migrating animals take very long trips. They go far away from their home areas. For example, one great white shark swam from Australia to South Africa and back. In nine months, it swam about 20,000 kilometers. Another challenge is finding enough food and water during the journey. For example, each Mali elephant needs over 200 liters of water each day. To get this, they need to go from one waterhole to another. In addition, migrating animals have to avoid other animals that want to eat them. For example, the zebra has to stay away from lions. Traveling as a group helps keep them safe. All the zebras in the group can watch for danger. When one zebra is in trouble, the other members make a circle around it. By working as a group, migrating animals can survive some of the world s most extraordinary journeys. 20,000 kilometers = 2,500 miles 4A Animal Migration 49

4 Reading Comprehension A Circle the correct answer. Main Idea Detail Detail Inference. The main idea of the first paragraph is that animals migrate. a. not all kinds of b. only similar c. different kinds of 2. The passage talks about big challenges for the animals. a. two b. three c. four 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. It s about 20,000 kilometers from South Africa to Australia. b. An elephant needs more than 00 liters of water a day. c. Zebras help each other when they are in trouble. 4. From the passage, we can infer that. a. lions may eat zebras b. lions travel in groups c. lions try to avoid zebras B Strategy: Summary completion. Complete the word web using words from the passage. to find a better 3. sharks,., and 2. to find 4. and 5. Why? examples of animals Migration challenges distance one shark traveled 6.! finding food and water need to 7. other dangerous animals 50 Unit 4 Life on the Move

5 Language Practice A Vocabulary: Words in context. Answer the questions below.. Who is completely different from you? Why? 2. What do you have in common with your parents? 3. Do you know how to swim? When did you learn? 4. What is one dangerous situation that is difficult to survive? Why? 5. What is one problem you have faced in the past? What did you do? 6. What is one challenge you have now? 7. What is something that you want to avoid? Why? 8. In addition to English, are there any languages you want to learn? What are they? B Grammar: Relative clauses with that. Read these sentences. Sentence b is from the passage. a. The animals also have to avoid other animals. Those animals want to eat them. b.... the animals have to avoid other animals that want to eat them. c. There are marks on the skulls. Scientists believe only modern technology can make these marks. d. There are marks on the skulls that scientists believe only modern technology can make. Word Partners Use common with: (n.) common belief, common language, common problem (adj.) more/most common (v.) have something in common Join the sentences. Use that.. The team discovered a tiny tree mouse. This animal travels from one tree to another. 2. First, you have to put on a vest. It has more than 2 ice packs across the front and back. 3. Migrating sharks make a 20,000-kilometer trip. The trip takes nine months. 4. Archeologists have found evidence. The evidence shows the skulls are probably fakes. _ 4A Animal Migration 5

6 4B Butterfly Migration Monarch butterflies rest on a tree on their migration to Mexico. Before You Read A Quiz. How much do you know about monarch butterflies? Take the quiz. Circle True (T) or False (F). Then check your answers below.. Monarchs weigh less than a penny. T F 2. A monarch butterfly can only fly 0 kilometers a day. T F 3. Monarch butterflies migrate further than any bird. T F a penny B Definitions. Match the words with their meanings.. everywhere 5. gather 2. in fact 6. young 3. somehow 7. smile 4. arrive 8. encourage a. to reach a place e. in a way that is surprising or hard to explain b. in all places f. the following is true or gives more information c. g. to make someone feel more like doing something d. not old h. to bring people or things together Unit 4 Life on the Move RA2_U4B_DL_05.indd 4. T. Five butterflies, put together, weigh the same as one penny. 2. F. Monarch butterflies often fly over 80 kilometers a day. 3. F. A number of birds migrate further than the monarch butterfly. 52 2//2 2:37 AM

7 Reading Strategy: Predicting. Look quickly at the title, headings, pictures, and captions and answer the questions below. Then read the passage to check your answers.. Do monarch butterflies prefer warm or cool temperatures? 2. How do people feel when they see the monarchs? Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve 2 Heading South for the Winter 5 a shadow The monarch butterflies have the power to make people smile. One monarch butterfly flies by. Then another, and another. As they fly, the butterflies seem to float in the sky. They make beautiful shadows2 on the ground below. They seem to be everywhere. In fact, there are so many butterflies that the groups look like beehives3 in the trees. And when they fly, the sound of 50 million monarchs wings creates a soft sound, as though it is raining. People say Mexico is the only place in the world where you can hear the sound of butterflies wings moving. The Migration 0 3 a beehive Every year, millions and millions of monarch butterflies migrate from the U.S.A. and Canada. They go to a place high in the mountains of Mexico. There, they can escape from North America s cold winter temperatures. To get there, the monarchs often travel over 80 kilometers4 a day. But what s really amazing is that the butterflies make the trip only once. Somehow they know exactly where to go. The Effect on People 5 After the butterflies arrive in Mexico, people gather to watch. The effect on people is amazing. Young and old, men and women, locals and people from far away everyone is smiling and friendly. It s as though the butterflies encourage people to be their best. 4 RA2_U4B_DL_05.indd 5 When something floats, it moves quietly and slowly through the sky or water. 80 kilometers = 50 miles 4B Butterfly Migration 53 2//2 2:37 AM

8 Reading Comprehension A Circle the correct answer. Inference. According to the passage, the sound of the butterflies moving is. a. something people want to avoid b. easy to imagine c. nice to listen to Vocabulary 2. Each monarch butterfly joins the migration. a. just one time b. a few times c. one time a year Detail 3. According to the passage, will like watching the butterflies. a. almost everyone b. mainly butterfly experts c. mainly young people Inference 4. The writer probably the butterflies know where to go. a. understands exactly how b. thinks it s extraordinary that c. has written a book about how B Strategy: Summary completion. Use no more than two words in each blank to complete the summary about the passage. Every year,. of monarch butterflies leave North America before it gets too 2.. They travel to 3. where the temperature is warmer. It s a long trip, and they sometimes fly more than 4. every day. Not one of the butterflies has been there before, but 5. they go to the same place each year. There, people 6. to see them. Maybe the butterflies make everyone happy, because everyone seems to be 7. as they watch them. 54 Unit 4 Life on the Move RA2_U4B_DL_05.indd 6 2//2 2:37 AM

9 Language Practice A Vocabulary: Words in context. In each sentence, circle the best answer.. Everywhere on Earth, people wear. a. gloves b. clothes 2. At which of these places might people gather? a. a bed b. a stadium 3. If you somehow pass a test, it is for you. a. easy b. difficult 4. When do most people arrive at school? a. in the morning b. in the afternoon 5. Which of these is young? a. a puppy b. a grandparent a puppy 6. People usually smile when they are. a. happy b. unhappy 7. When someone encourages you to do something, they want you to it. a. try b. avoid 8. When you say in fact, you are usually information. a. asking for b. giving B Grammar: Relative clauses with where. Read these sentences. Sentence a is from the passage. a. Mexico is the only place in the world where you can hear the sound of butterflies wings moving. b. Sometimes they move to a place where there is a better temperature. Complete each sentence using where and information that is true for you. Share your answers with a partner.. I want to go to a country where _. 2. Last week I went to where I. 3. I love places where I can. 4.. Word Partners Use smile with: (v.) smile and laugh, make someone smile, see someone smile (adj.) big/little/small smile, friendly smile, sad smile, shy smile, warm smile, wide smile 4B Butterfly Migration 55

10 Video onarch igration A Preview. The video discusses some problems that monarch butterflies face when they reach Mexico. Which do you think are some of these problems? h cold temperatures h too many tourists h hot temperatures h people cutting down trees h storms h people catching butterflies B As you watch. Circle the correct answer in each sentence.. Every year, 300 ( million / billion ) butterflies travel from North America to the butterfly sanctuary. 2. In 2002, a ( rain storm / wildfire ) killed millions of monarch butterflies. 3. Mike Quinn is worried about ( the number of tourists / the loss of trees ). 4. In 30 years, the number of ( trees / butterflies ) in the area has gone down 50 percent. 5. The Mexican government is paying money to ( land owners / butterfly farmers ) to help the butterflies. C Think about it. What else can people do to help the butterflies? 56 Unit 4 Video RA2_U4_VideoPage_03.indd 9 2//2 2:3 AM