J A M I E S E L L H O R N. Based on research from the Florida Center for Reading Research:

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1 J A M I E S E L L H O R N A M S I T & 3-6 C R E D E N T I A L S A N D O G C E R T I F I C A T I O N Based on research from the Florida Center for Reading Research:

2 The more you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you'll go. - Dr. Seuss, "I Can Read With My Eyes Shut!"

3 THE 5 BIG IDEAS OF TEACHING READING 1. Phonological Awareness 2. Phonics 3. Fluency 4. Vocabulary 5. Comprehension Research has made great strides in identifying critical skills that consistently relate to reading success. Based on a comprehensive review of reading research, the Report of the National Reading Panel (2000) concluded the need for systematic and explicit instruction in these five components of reading.

4 PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS Phonological awareness refers to an individual's awareness of the phonological structure, or sound structure, of spoken words. Phonological awareness is an important and reliable predictor of later reading ability. The goal of Phonological Awareness instruction is to develop an awareness that words are composed of individual sounds, or phonemes, and to develop the ability to manipulate sounds in words.

5 PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS ACTIVITIES Rhyme Students practice recognizing and producing words that rhyme. Alliteration Students practice repeating and producing alliterative phrases. Sentence Segmentation Students practice segmenting sentences into words. Syllables Students practice blending and segmenting syllables in words. Onset and Rime Students practice identifying the initial consonant or consonants (onset) and the vowel and any consonants that follow it (rime). Phonemes Students practice blending, segmenting, manipulating, and deleting the individual phonemes (sounds) in words Hiebert, Pearson, Taylor, Richardson, & Paris Oral language is the foundation on which reading is built, and it continues to serve this role as children develop as readers.

6 MONTESSORI LESSONS FOR PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS 1. The 3-Period Lesson 2. I-Spy Game 3. Clapping Syllables in Children s Names at Circle Time 4. Rhyming Objects and Cards 5. Books, Books, Books (especially books with a lot of rhyme and alliteration) 6. Songs and Finger Plays

7 ADDITIONAL PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS ACTIVITIES 1. Rhyming Games and Puzzles 2. Alliteration Games: Color Game (red rose, yellow yo-yo), Animal Game (Harry Horse, Jenny Jellyfish), Name Game (Sally likes sandwiches, salami, and salads) 3. Syllable Counting Works: Objects, Classmate s Photos, Pictures 4. Sound Sort Work 5. Object Syllable Sorting Work 6. Elkonin Boxes (phoneme isolating) 7. I Spy game with ending and medial sounds 8. Michael Heggerty s Phonemic Awareness Curriculum (see video clip) For additional activities, visit the Florida Center for Reading Research s website:

8 PHONEMIC AWARENESS DAILY ACTIVITIES

9 PHONICS Phonics is the study of the relationship between letters and the sounds they represent.

10 MONTESSORI LESSONS FOR PHONICS 1. Sandpaper Letters 2. Letter and Object Matching 3. Letter and Picture Matching 4. Spelling with the Moveable Alphabet 5. Pink Series- Spelling and Reading Short Phonetic Words 6. Blue Series- Spelling and Reading Longer Phonetic Words 7. Green Series- Spelling and Reading Phonograms

11 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR PHONICS 1. Medial Phoneme Spinner Game 2. Word Family Activities (i.e. -at, -ake, -ish families) 3. Vowel Stars- Medial Sound Work 4. Flip Manipulating Books- (Variant Correspondences -various spelling patterns for one sound) 5. Syllable Sort Word Cards 6. Compound Word Cards For additional activities, visit the Florida Center for Reading Research s website:

12 FLUENCY Fluency is the ability to read text quickly, accurately, and with proper expression and is the bridge between word recognition and comprehension.

13 MONTESSORI LESSONS FOR FLUENCY 1. Reading Word Card Drawers- Pink, Blue, and Green Series 2. Reading Corner (with choices of books at different reading levels) 3. Mentor Reading (Older students, and volunteers) 4. Leveled Reading with a Teacher (Books by Bob, Starfall Readers, Meet the Sight Words, Mrs. Rhonda s Readers, Reading A-Z, Junior Great Books, Spalding, etc.) 5. Reading Materials throughout the classroom: Practical Life Recipes, Sensorial 3 Part Cards, Science books and cards, Cultural books and cards, etc. 6. Puzzle Word (sight word) Works

14 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR FLUENCY 1. Timed Readings: Time and Graph the number of words or phrases correct per minute (encourage the child to get more and more correct each time) 2. Hungry Letter Mouse Game 3. Readers Theater Plays 4. Listening Center- CD or Computer Assisted Read Along 5. Sight Word Games (flash cards, memory, bingo) For additional activities, visit the Florida Center for Reading Research s website:

15 VOCABULARY Vocabulary refers to the meanings and pronunciation of words necessary for communication. Vocabulary is often categorized as oral (listening and speaking) or reading (reading and writing) vocabulary. The goal of Vocabulary instruction is to provide students with an understanding of the meaning and use of words so that they can comprehend what they are reading and communicate effectively.

16 MONTESSORI LESSONS FOR VOCABULARY 1. Naming Objects in the environment 2. Baskets of Objects for Naming 3. Three Part Cards 4. Continent Boxes 5. Science Experiments (magnetic, not magnetic, sink/float, etc.) 6. Sensorial Works (largest, smallest, thickest, thinnest, etc.) 7. Math Works (Numerals, ordinal numbers, etc.) 8. Practical Life Works (tongs, polishing cloth, whisk broom, etc.) 9. Nature Walks 10. Parts of Speech Activities (adjectives, nouns, verbs)

17 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR VOCABULARY 1. Vocabulary Matching Cards- Number and Numeral, Shapes (word and shape), Colors (word and color), Contractions, Days of the Week and Abbreviations 2. Synonym and Antonym Cards (like, enjoy and go, come) 3. Homophone Cards (ate and eight, deer and dear) 4. Building Compound Words 5. Prefix and Suffix Activities 6. Multiple Meaning Bugs 7. Four Square Vocabulary Map (Word, What is it? What is it like? What are some examples?) 8. Dictionary Work 9. Sort Words by Category (Food, Clothing, Pets, Days, Months, Feelings, etc.) 10. Identify Similarities and Differences between words with Venn Diagrams For additional activities, visit the Florida Center for Reading Research s website:

18 COMPREHENSION Comprehension is defined as the ability to understand and get meaning from spoken and written language and is the ultimate goal in learning to read.

19 MONTESSORI LESSONS FOR COMPREHENSION 1. Sentence Cards and Objects 2. Sentence Cards and Pictures 3. Verb Command Cards 4. Classroom Labeling Work

20 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR COMPREHENSION 1. Sentence Command Cards (snap your fingers, jump two times, etc.) 2. Name that Story- write sentences from different familiar stories and have the child sort the sentences by story 3. Book Reports 4. Story Sequencing Activities (Picture Cards, Sentences, Writing what came first, next, and last, etc.) 5. Compare Different Stories using a Venn Diagram 6. Sorting Books into Fiction and Nonfiction Categories 7. Sorting Facts from Opinions 8. Sorting Cause from Effect 9. K-W-L Charts (What I Know, Want to Know, and What I Learned) 10. Make and Check Predictions About Text For additional activities, visit the Florida Center for Reading Research s website:

21 We discovered that education is not something which the teacher does, but that it is a natural process which develops spontaneously in the human being. -Dr. Maria Montessori