Department of Chemistry College of Science Sultan Qaboos University. Topics and Learning Outcomes
|
|
- Stephany Evans
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Department of Chemistry College of Science Sultan Qaboos University Title : CHEM 3326 (Applied Spectroscopy) Credits : 3 Course Format : 2 lectures and 2 tutorials Course Text : Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, Silverstein & Webster, Sixth Edition, John Willey and Sons. Organic Structures from Spectra (L.D. Field, S. Sternhell and J.R. Kalman, 2 nd Edition, John Willey) Grading Scheme : Two Mid Term Exams: 50 %; Final Exam: 50 % Course Description: This course introduces the basic principles and applications four spectroscopic techniques - IR, UV, Mass and NMR ( 1 H and 13 C) - widely used in the structure analysis of organic molecules. The lecture hours will cover up the basic theory as well as the interpretational aspects. The tutorial sessions are designed in such a way to develop the interpretational skills of the students. Unit 1. Mass Spectrometry and Basic principles and Instrumentation Learn the basic theory and setup of low and high resolution mass spectrometers. Ionization methods Know about various ionization methods such as Electron Impact Ionization (EI), Chemical Ionization (CI) and FAB ionization for producing mass spectrum. Recognition of the Molecular Ion Peak Learn to recognize the molecular ion peak in various mass spectral techniques Use of Mol. Formula and Index of Hydrogen Deficiency Know how to use index of hydrogen deficiency in order to determine the degree of unsaturation in a compound. 1
2 Nitrogen rule Common types of fragmentation in EIMS Know how to apply the nitrogen rule in order to eliminate some molecular formulae and narrow the list to one or two. Learn to identify the characteristic fragment ions in the EI mass spectra of various chemical classes. common types of fragmentation in some chemical classes such as hydrocarbons, alkenes, aromatic compounds, hydroxycompounds, carbonyl compounds, amino and nitro compounds and halogen compounds. Know the common types of fragmentations in EI mass spectrum Learn to identify rearrangement ions and fit them into a possible structural formula. Learn to piece together fragments to get to the greater picture of the structural formula. Learn to use mass spectrometry in conjunction with infra red and NMR spectroscopy to determine the exact structure of the exact isomer Unit II. Infrared Spectroscopy Basic theory and instrumentation Know the basic theory and instrument design. Know about various types of stretching and bending vibrations of bonds in molecules. Group frequency region and Fingerprint region in IR spectrum. Functional group/s identification from an IR spectrum Use of correlation charts. Know the different regions of the IR spectrum and learn how useful information about the molecular structure can be gathered from characteristic bands Learn to recognize the functional group/s in a molecule from the diagnostic bands Learn to use correlation charts to interpret a spectrum Know how to combine IR data with other spectroscopic data in solving the structure of an unknown 2
3 Unit III. 1 H NMR Spectroscopy Basic theory and Instrumentation Know about the NMR phenomenon and basic theory of 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Learn the basic components of an NMR spectrometer and know how the spectrum is measured. 1 H NMR-chemical shifts and its measurements in δ scale using TMS as internal standard. Appreciate the fact that shielding and de-shielding by differential electron density around different types of hydrogen/s changes their chemical shifts in a molecule and learn how their chemical shifts can be measured by using TMS as an internal reference. Factors influencing the 1 H NMR chemical shifts Understand the factors influencing the chemical shifts such as electronegativity, inductive effects, resonance effects, Van Der Walls deshielding and anisotropic effects Use of shift correlation charts Learn how the 1 H-NMR correlation charts can be used to understand the approximate chemical shift positions for hydrogen/s in different electronic environments. Integrals in 1 H-NMR spectra Learn how the heights of step curves given with each signal in an NMR spectrum can be used to calculate the number of hydrogen/s associated with that signal Spin-Spin Coupling and multiplicity rules Learn the principle of spin-spin coupling between hydrogens away by two and three bonds (geminal and vicinal coupling) and know how the (n+1) rule is applied to predict the multiplicity and relative heights of constituent lines of each signal. Exchangeable protons Know that hydrogens on nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur are exchangeable. Learn how to identify the exchangeable protons in a spectrum. 3
4 Solving the structures of simple unknown compounds At this stage, the student shall be able to propose the structures of simple organic compounds from the number, position and multiplicity of the signals in the 1 H-NMR spectrum provided with their molecular formula. Prediction of the expected NMR pattern from structures On the contrary, the student shall be able to predict the expected NMR pattern ie, the number, relative position (δ value) and multiplicity of the signals from the given structure. (students must be able to judge the equivalence of protons in a molecular structure from symmetry considerations). Solvents used in NMR spectroscopy In solution state NMR spectroscopy, the sample is dissolved in an appropriate deuteriated solvent and the knowledge about the choice of the solvent and the position of the residual protons are important Commonly encountered spin systems Study the commonly seen spin systems and learn how to define their multiplicity Splitting diagrams and extraction of chemical shifts and coupling contants. Learn how to draw splitting diagrams for commonly seen spin systems and also learn to extract the chemical shifts and coupling constants. Correlation of coupling constants. Learn how coupling constant data is used to obtain the fine structural details and stereochemistry. Learn how coupling constants are useful in deciding the correct isomers in aromatic compounds. Learn to use H-NMR spectrometry in conjunction with infra red and Mass spectroscopy to determine the exact structure. 4
5 Unit IV. 13 C-NMR Spectroscopy Pulsed Fourier Transformation techniques in 13 C NMR Coupling and decoupling in 13 C NMR spectra Learn how pulsed FT techniques are useful in obtaining good quality 13 C-NMR spectrum Learn the differences between Broad Band Decoupled (BBD) spectrum and Off-Resonance Decoupled spectrum. DEPT-Spectra and determination of 13 C multiplicity Learn how the multiplicity information is gathered from sub-spectra editing techniques such as DEPT-135 and DEPT C chemical shift range and use of correlation tables Learn how the 13 C-NMR data charts can be used to predict the approximate chemical shift positions for carbons in different environments Application 13 C NMR spectroscopy in structure elucidation Learn how 13 C NMR spectroscopy alone and in combination with other spectroscopic data can be used in structure determination. Unit V. Ultra Violet Spectroscopy Instrumentation in UV spectroscoopy Learn the basic set-up of a UV spectrophotometer HOMO & LUMO Concepts Learn the different types of chromophores that absorb UV radiation and the different types of possible transitions. Quantitative use of UV spectroscopy Learn Beer s law and its application in determining either concentration or molar absorptivity. 5
6 Interpreting UV spectra Learn how the extent of conjugation in a system and substituents on a system affect the wavelength of absorption Assessment tools include one or more of the following: 1) In class interactive discussions. 2) Quizzes 3) Solving assigned problems from the textbook 4) Comprehensive tests (midterm and final). 6
Organic Spectroscopy
1 Organic Spectroscopy Second Year, Michaelmas term, 8 lectures: Dr TDW Claridge & Prof BG Davis Lectures 1 4 highlight the importance of spectroscopic methods in the structural elucidation of organic
More informationChapter 13 Spectroscopy NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis
Chapter 13 Spectroscopy NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis Main points of the chapter 1. Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance a. Splitting or coupling (what s next to what) b. Chemical shifts (what type is it) c. Integration
More informationProton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 H-NMR) Spectroscopy
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 H-NMR) Spectroscopy Theory behind NMR: In the late 1940 s, physical chemists originally developed NMR spectroscopy to study different properties of atomic nuclei,
More informationOrganic Chemistry Tenth Edition
Organic Chemistry Tenth Edition T. W. Graham Solomons Craig B. Fryhle Welcome to CHM 22 Organic Chemisty II Chapters 2 (IR), 9, 3-20. Chapter 2 and Chapter 9 Spectroscopy (interaction of molecule with
More informationProton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Introduction: The NMR Spectrum serves as a great resource in determining the structure of an organic compound by revealing the hydrogen and carbon skeleton.
More information13C NMR Spectroscopy
13 C NMR Spectroscopy Introduction Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is the most powerful tool available for structural determination. A nucleus with an odd number of protons, an odd number
More informationPROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (H-NMR)
PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (H-NMR) WHAT IS H-NMR SPECTROSCOPY? References: Bruice 14.1, 14.2 Introduction NMR or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a technique used to determine
More informationUsed to determine relative location of atoms within a molecule Most helpful spectroscopic technique in organic chemistry Related to MRI in medicine
Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance CHEM 241 UNIT 5C 1 The Use of NMR Spectroscopy Used to determine relative location of atoms within a molecule Most helpful spectroscopic technique in
More informationUltraviolet Spectroscopy
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy The wavelength of UV and visible light are substantially shorter than the wavelength of infrared radiation. The UV spectrum ranges from 100 to 400 nm. A UV-Vis spectrophotometer
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to characterize organic molecules by identifying carbonhydrogen frameworks within
More informationSuggested solutions for Chapter 3
s for Chapter PRBLEM Assuming that the molecular ion is the base peak (00% abundance) what peaks would appear in the mass spectrum of each of these molecules: (a) C5Br (b) C60 (c) C64Br In cases (a) and
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Introduction NMR is the most powerful tool available for organic structure determination. It is used to study a wide variety of nuclei: 1 H 13 C 15 N 19 F 31 P 2
More informationFor example: (Example is from page 50 of the Thinkbook)
SOLVING COMBINED SPECTROSCOPY PROBLEMS: Lecture Supplement: page 50-53 in Thinkbook CFQ s and PP s: page 216 241 in Thinkbook Introduction: The structure of an unknown molecule can be determined using
More informationSymmetric Stretch: allows molecule to move through space
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Infrared Spectroscopy Before introducing the subject of IR spectroscopy, we must first review some aspects of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is composed
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy 紅 外 線 光 譜 儀
Infrared Spectroscopy 紅 外 線 光 譜 儀 Introduction Spectroscopy is an analytical technique which helps determine structure. It destroys little or no sample (nondestructive method). The amount of light absorbed
More informationOrganic Spectroscopy. UV - Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy. !! 200-800 nm. Methods for structure determination of organic compounds:
Organic Spectroscopy Methods for structure determination of organic compounds: X-ray rystallography rystall structures Mass spectroscopy Molecular formula -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationDetermination of Molecular Structure by MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
Determination of Molecular Structure by MOLEULAR SPETROSOPY hemistry 3 B.Z. Shakhashiri Fall 29 Much of what we know about molecular structure has been learned by observing and analyzing how electromagnetic
More informationThe Four Questions to Ask While Interpreting Spectra. 1. How many different environments are there?
1 H NMR Spectroscopy (#1c) The technique of 1 H NMR spectroscopy is central to organic chemistry and other fields involving analysis of organic chemicals, such as forensics and environmental science. It
More informationUV-Visible Spectroscopy
UV-Visible Spectroscopy UV-Visible Spectroscopy What is UV-Visible Spectroscopy? Molecular spectroscopy that involves study of the interaction of Ultra violet (UV)-Visible radiation with molecules What
More informationHow to Quickly Solve Spectrometry Problems
How to Quickly Solve Spectrometry Problems You should be looking for: Mass Spectrometry (MS) Chemical Formula DBE Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) Important Functional Groups o Alcohol O-H o Carboxylic Acid
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance notes
Reminder: These notes are meant to supplement, not replace, the laboratory manual. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance notes Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a spectrometric technique which provides information
More informationCHE334 Identification of an Unknown Compound By NMR/IR/MS
CHE334 Identification of an Unknown Compound By NMR/IR/MS Purpose The object of this experiment is to determine the structure of an unknown compound using IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Infrared
More informationINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (IR)
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (IR) Theory and Interpretation of IR spectra ASSIGNED READINGS Introduction to technique 25 (p. 833-834 in lab textbook) Uses of the Infrared Spectrum (p. 847-853) Look over pages
More informationProton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
CHEM 334L Organic Chemistry Laboratory Revision 2.0 Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In this laboratory exercise we will learn how to use the Chemistry Department's Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
More information0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 m/z
Mass spectrum for the ionization of acetone MS of Acetone + Relative Abundance CH 3 H 3 C O + M 15 (loss of methyl) + O H 3 C CH 3 43 58 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 m/z It is difficult to identify the ions
More informationNMR and other Instrumental Techniques in Chemistry and the proposed National Curriculum.
NMR and other Instrumental Techniques in Chemistry and the proposed National Curriculum. Dr. John Jackowski Chair of Science, Head of Chemistry Scotch College Melbourne john.jackowski@scotch.vic.edu.au
More informationBackground A nucleus with an odd atomic number or an odd mass number has a nuclear spin that can be observed by NMR spectrometers.
NMR Spectroscopy I Reading: Wade chapter, sections -- -7 Study Problems: -, -7 Key oncepts and Skills: Given an structure, determine which protons are equivalent and which are nonequivalent, predict the
More informationSolving Spectroscopy Problems
Solving Spectroscopy Problems The following is a detailed summary on how to solve spectroscopy problems, key terms are highlighted in bold and the definitions are from the illustrated glossary on Dr. Hardinger
More informationThe Experiment Some nuclei have nuclear magnetic moments; just as importantly, some do not
Chemistry 2600 Lecture Notes Chapter 15 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Page 1 of 23 Structure Determination in Organic Chemistry: NMR Spectroscopy Three main techniques are used to determine the
More informationNMR SPECTROSCOPY A N I N T R O D U C T I O N T O... Self-study booklet NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE. 4 3 2 1 0 δ PUBLISHING
A N I N T R O D U T I O N T O... NMR SPETROSOPY NULEAR MAGNETI RESONANE 4 3 1 0 δ Self-study booklet PUBLISING NMR Spectroscopy NULEAR MAGNETI RESONANE SPETROSOPY Origin of Spectra Theory All nuclei possess
More informationIR Applied to Isomer Analysis
DiscovIR-LC TM Application Note 025 April 2008 Deposition and Detection System IR Applied to Isomer Analysis Infrared spectra provide valuable information about local configurations of atoms in molecules.
More information4. It is possible to excite, or flip the nuclear magnetic vector from the α-state to the β-state by bridging the energy gap between the two. This is a
BASIC PRINCIPLES INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) 1. The nuclei of certain atoms with odd atomic number, and/or odd mass behave as spinning charges. The nucleus is the center of positive
More informationCHEM 51LB EXP 1 SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS: INFRARED AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
CHEM 51LB EXP 1 SPECTRSCPIC METHDS: INFRARED AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESNANCE SPECTRSCPY REACTINS: None TECHNIQUES: IR Spectroscopy, NMR Spectroscopy Infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
More informationChemistry 307 Chapter 10 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Chemistry 307 Chapter 10 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of three spectroscopic techniques that are useful tools for determining the structures of organic
More informationE35 SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
E35 SPECTRSCPIC TECNIQUES IN RGANIC CEMISTRY TE TASK To use mass spectrometry and IR, UV/vis and NMR spectroscopy to identify organic compounds. TE SKILLS By the end of the experiment you should be able
More informationNMR - Basic principles
NMR - Basic principles Subatomic particles like electrons, protons and neutrons are associated with spin - a fundamental property like charge or mass. In the case of nuclei with even number of protons
More informationChapter 11 Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. 11.1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
John E. McMurry http://www.cengage.com/chemistry/mcmurry Chapter 11 Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 11.1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Many atomic nuclei behave
More informationNuclear Shielding and 1. H Chemical Shifts. 1 H NMR Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
NMR Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Nuclear Shielding and hemical Shifts What do we mean by "shielding?" What do we mean by "chemical shift?" The electrons surrounding a nucleus affect the effective
More informationHOMEWORK PROBLEMS: IR SPECTROSCOPY AND 13C NMR. The peak at 1720 indicates a C=O bond (carbonyl). One possibility is acetone:
HMEWRK PRBLEMS: IR SPECTRSCPY AND 13C NMR 1. You find a bottle on the shelf only labeled C 3 H 6. You take an IR spectrum of the compound and find major peaks at 2950, 1720, and 1400 cm -1. Draw a molecule
More informationNMR SPECTROSCOPY. Basic Principles, Concepts, and Applications in Chemistry. Harald Günther University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
NMR SPECTROSCOPY Basic Principles, Concepts, and Applications in Chemistry Harald Günther University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany Second Edition Translated by Harald Günther JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester
More informationNMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds (#1e)
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds (#1e) 1 H NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds Erich Hückel s study of aromaticity in the 1930s produced a set of rules for determining whether a compound is aromatic.
More informationelectron does not become part of the compound; one electron goes in but two electrons come out.
Characterization Techniques for Organic Compounds. When we run a reaction in the laboratory or when we isolate a compound from nature, one of our first tasks is to identify the compound that we have obtained.
More informationDetermining the Structure of an Organic Compound
Determining the Structure of an Organic Compound The analysis of the outcome of a reaction requires that we know the full structure of the products as well as the reactants In the 19 th and early 20 th
More informationPesticide Analysis by Mass Spectrometry
Pesticide Analysis by Mass Spectrometry Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to introduce concepts of mass spectrometry (MS) as they pertain to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of organochlorine
More informationANALYSIS OF ASPIRIN INFRARED (IR) SPECTROSCOPY AND MELTING POINT DETERMINATION
Chem 306 Section (Circle) M Tu W Th Name Partners Date ANALYSIS OF ASPIRIN INFRARED (IR) SPECTROSCOPY AND MELTING POINT DETERMINATION Materials: prepared acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), stockroom samples
More informationDetermination of Equilibrium Constants using NMR Spectrscopy
CHEM 331L Physical Chemistry Laboratory Revision 1.0 Determination of Equilibrium Constants using NMR Spectrscopy In this laboratory exercise we will measure a chemical equilibrium constant using key proton
More informationCHEM 51LB: EXPERIMENT 5 SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS: INFRARED AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
CHEM 51LB: EXPERIMENT 5 SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS: INFRARED AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY REACTIONS: None TECHNIQUES: IR, NMR Infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are
More informationMolecular Formula Determination
Molecular Formula Determination Classical Approach Qualitative elemental analysis Quantitative elemental analysis Determination of empirical formula Molecular weight determination Molecular formula determination
More informationA LEVEL. Type of resource H433 CHEMISTRY B. Theme: Carbon-13 MMR. October 2015
A LEVEL Type of resource H433 CHEMISTRY B (SALTERS) Theme: Carbon-13 MMR October 2015 We will inform centres about any changes to the specification. We will also publish changes on our website. The latest
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Exam Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 1) Calculate the magnetic field that corresponds to the proton resonance frequency of 300.00
More informationExperiment 11. Infrared Spectroscopy
Chem 22 Spring 2010 Experiment 11 Infrared Spectroscopy Pre-lab preparation. (1) In Ch 5 and 12 of the text you will find examples of the most common functional groups in organic molecules. In your notebook,
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy cont... Recommended Reading:
Applied Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy cont... Recommended Reading: Banwell and McCash Chapter 7 Skoog, Holler Nieman Chapter 19 Atkins, Chapter 18 Relaxation processes We need
More informationDETERMINACIÓN DE ESTRUCTURAS ORGÁNICAS (ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY) IR SPECTROSCOPY
DETERMINACIÓN DE ESTRUCTURAS ORGÁNICAS (ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY) IR SPECTROSCOPY Hermenegildo García Gómez Departamento de Química Instituto de Tecnología Química Universidad Politécnica de Valencia 46022
More informationThe Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopy. Joe Van Gompel, PhD
TN-100 The Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopy The Principles of Infrared Spectroscopy Joe Van Gompel, PhD Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. The electromagnetic
More informationfor excitation to occur, there must be an exact match between the frequency of the applied radiation and the frequency of the vibration
! = 1 2"c k (m + M) m M wavenumbers! =!/c = 1/" wavelength frequency! units: cm 1 for excitation to occur, there must be an exact match between the frequency of the applied radiation and the frequency
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Wade Textbook
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Wade Textbook Background Is a nondestructive structural analysis technique Has the same theoretical basis as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Referring to MRI as nuclear
More information12.4 FUNCTIONAL-GROUP INFRARED ABSORPTIONS
552 APTER 12 INTRODUTION TO SPETROSOPY. INFRARED SPETROSOPY AND MASS SPETROMETRY PROBLEM 12.9 Which of the following vibrations should be infrared-active and which should be infrared-inactive (or nearly
More informationProton NMR. One Dimensional H-NMR. Cl S. Common types of NMR experiments: 1-H NMR
Common types of NMR experiments: 1- NMR Proton NMR ne Dimensional -NMR a. Experiment igh field proton NMR (400Mz). single-pulse experiment. b. Spectral nterpretation i. Number of multiplets gives the different
More informationExamination of Proton NMR Spectra
Examination of Proton NMR Spectra What to Look For 1) Number of Signals --- indicates how many "different kinds" of protons are present. 2) Positions of the Signals --- indicates something about magnetic
More informationSignal Manipulation. time domain NMR signal in MHz range is converted to khz (audio) range by mixing with the reference ( carrier ) frequency
NMR Spectroscopy: 3 Signal Manipulation time domain NMR signal in MHz range is converted to khz (audio) range by mixing with the reference ( carrier ) frequency Ref in (MHz) mixer Signal in (MHz) Signal
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectroscopy 1 Chap 12 Reactions will often give a mixture of products: OH H 2 SO 4 + Major Minor How would the chemist determine which product was formed? Both are cyclopentenes; they are isomers.
More informationUV-Vis Vis spectroscopy. Electronic absorption spectroscopy
UV-Vis Vis spectroscopy Electronic absorption spectroscopy Absortpion spectroscopy Provide information about presence and absence of unsaturated functional groups Useful adjunct to IR Determination of
More informationMOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
MLEULAR REPRESENTATINS AND INFRARED SPETRSPY A STUDENT SULD BE ABLE T: 1. Given a Lewis (dash or dot), condensed, bond-line, or wedge formula of a compound draw the other representations. 2. Give examples
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy: Theory
u Chapter 15 Infrared Spectroscopy: Theory An important tool of the organic chemist is Infrared Spectroscopy, or IR. IR spectra are acquired on a special instrument, called an IR spectrometer. IR is used
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR is probably the most useful and powerful technique for identifying and characterizing organic compounds. Felix Bloch and Edward Mills Purcell were awarded the 1952 Nobel
More informationMass Spec - Fragmentation
Mass Spec - Fragmentation An extremely useful result of EI ionization in particular is a phenomenon known as fragmentation. The radical cation that is produced when an electron is knocked out of a neutral
More informationChapter 5 Organic Spectrometry
Chapter 5 Organic Spectrometry from Organic Chemistry by Robert C. Neuman, Jr. Professor of Chemistry, emeritus University of California, Riverside orgchembyneuman@yahoo.com
More informationMass Spectrometry. Overview
Mass Spectrometry Overview Mass Spectrometry is an analytic technique that utilizes the degree of deflection of charged particles by a magnetic field to find the relative masses of molecular ions and fragments.2
More informationELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION General.. 1 1 HNMR titration fitplots.. 2 1 HNMR titration Job plots... 2 1 HNMR spectra of 1 + TBAacetate. 3 Isothermal Titration Calorimetry.. 3 High Resolution Mass
More information1 st day Basic Training Course
DATES AND LOCATIONS 13-14 April 2015 Princeton Marriott at Forrestal, 100 College Road East, Princeton NJ 08540, New Jersey 16-17 April 2015 Hotel Nikko San Francisco 222 Mason Street, San Francisco, CA
More information18 electron rule : How to count electrons
18 electron rule : How to count electrons The rule states that thermodynamically stable transition metal organometallic compounds are formed when the sum of the metal d electrons and the electrons conventionally
More informationSurvival Organic Chemistry Part I: Molecular Models
Survival Organic Chemistry Part I: Molecular Models The goal in this laboratory experience is to get you so you can easily and quickly move between empirical formulas, molecular formulas, condensed formulas,
More informationMolecular Spectroscopy
Molecular Spectroscopy UV-Vis Spectroscopy Absorption Characteristics of Some Common Chromophores UV-Vis Spectroscopy Absorption Characteristics of Aromatic Compounds UV-Vis Spectroscopy Effect of extended
More informationBoston University Dresden Science Program ORGANIC CHEMISTRY CAS CH 203 Lecture
Boston University Dresden Science Program ORGANIC CHEMISTRY CAS CH 203 Lecture Instructor: Professor Wolf D. Habicher, Professor Claus Rüger Meeting Times Lectures: twice a week at 90 minutes each Discussions:
More informationDetermination of Equilibrium Constants using NMR Spectroscopy
CHEM 331L Physical Chemistry Laboratory Revision 2.1 Determination of Equilibrium Constants using NMR Spectroscopy In this laboratory exercise we will measure the equilibrium constant for the cis-trans
More informationIntroduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Dr. Dean L. Olson, NMR Lab Director School of Chemical Sciences University of Illinois Called figures, equations, and tables are from Principles
More informationAustin Peay State University Department of Chemistry Chem 1111. The Use of the Spectrophotometer and Beer's Law
Purpose To become familiar with using a spectrophotometer and gain an understanding of Beer s law and it s relationship to solution concentration. Introduction Scientists use many methods to determine
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name 1) Which compound would be expected to show intense IR absorption at 3300 cm-1? A) butane B) CH3CH2C CH C)CH3C CCH3 D) but-1-ene 1) 2) Which compound would be expected to show intense IR absorption
More informationSolution problem 13: Absorption of Light by Molecules
Solution problem 13: Absorption of Light by Molecules 13.1 A = εcd = 1.5 10 5 mol -1 L cm -1 4 10-6 mol L -1 10-4 cm = 6 10-5 Since A = log(p 0 /P), the ratio P/P 0 is 0.999862. This is the percentage
More informationMolecular Models Experiment #1
Molecular Models Experiment #1 Objective: To become familiar with the 3-dimensional structure of organic molecules, especially the tetrahedral structure of alkyl carbon atoms and the planar structure of
More informationApplication Note AN4
TAKING INVENTIVE STEPS IN INFRARED. MINIATURE INFRARED GAS SENSORS GOLD SERIES UK Patent App. No. 2372099A USA Patent App. No. 09/783,711 World Patents Pending INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY Application Note AN4
More informationNuclear Structure. particle relative charge relative mass proton +1 1 atomic mass unit neutron 0 1 atomic mass unit electron -1 negligible mass
Protons, neutrons and electrons Nuclear Structure particle relative charge relative mass proton 1 1 atomic mass unit neutron 0 1 atomic mass unit electron -1 negligible mass Protons and neutrons make up
More informationTrans Fats. What is a trans fat? Trans fatty acids, or trans fats as they are known, are certain
Trans Fats What is a trans fat? Trans fatty acids, or trans fats as they are known, are certain fats found in such foodstuffs as vegetable shortenings, margarines, crackers, candies baked goods and many
More informationTetramethylsilane (TMS) Trimethylsilyl d 4. -propionic acid (TMSP) Dioxane. O - Na + Dimethylfura n. Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate. Sodium Maleate CH 3
Practical Aspects of Quantitative NMR Experiments This discussion presumes that you already have an understanding of the basic theory of NMR. There are a number of issues that should be considered when
More informationQUANTITATIVE INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY. Willard et. al. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 7th edition, Wadsworth Publishing Co., Belmont, CA 1988, Ch 11.
QUANTITATIVE INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY Objective: The objectives of this experiment are: (1) to learn proper sample handling procedures for acquiring infrared spectra. (2) to determine the percentage composition
More informationChapter 5 Classification of Organic Compounds by Solubility
Chapter 5 Classification of Organic Compounds by Solubility Deductions based upon interpretation of simple solubility tests can be extremely useful in organic structure determination. Both solubility and
More informationCalculating the Degrees of Unsaturation From a Compound s Molecular Formula
Calculating the Degrees of Unsaturation From a Compound s Molecular Formula Alkanes have the molecular formula C n. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons because each member of the family has the maximum
More informationUsing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Identify an Unknown Compound prepared by Joseph W. LeFevre, SUNY Oswego
m o d u l a r l a b o r a t o r y p r o g r a m i n c h e m i s t r y publisher:. A. Neidig organic editor: Joe Jeffers TE 711 Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Identify an Unknown ompound
More informationOrganic Spectroscopy 1
rganic Spectroscopy 1 Lecture 5, 2 nd Year Michaelmas 2010! Dr Rob Paton CRL ffice 11, 1st floor! E-mail: robert.paton@chem.ox.ac.uk http://paton.chem.ox.ac.uk utline of Lectures 5-8 In lectures 5-6 of
More informationIntroduction to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry
Introduction to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry What is FT-IR? I N T R O D U C T I O N FT-IR stands for Fourier Transform InfraRed, the preferred method of infrared spectroscopy. In infrared spectroscopy,
More information6. 3. Molecular spectroscopy. Unit 6: Physical chemistry of spectroscopy, surfaces and chemical and phase equilibria
6. 3 Molecular spectroscopy Spectroscopy in its various forms is a technique with wide applications across many disciplines. From qualitative analysis in toxicology through to quantitative measurements
More informationSample exam questions for First exam CHM 2211
Sample exam questions for First exam CM 2211 1. The IR absorption due to the stretching of which of these carbon-hydrogen bonds occurs at the highest frequency? I II III E) V IV V 2. ow many signals would
More informationCHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING
CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING Essential Standard: STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THAT THE PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ARE A CONSEQUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER,
More informationNMR and IR spectra & vibrational analysis
Lab 5: NMR and IR spectra & vibrational analysis A brief theoretical background 1 Some of the available chemical quantum methods for calculating NMR chemical shifts are based on the Hartree-Fock self-consistent
More informationNuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Most spinning nuclei behave like magnets. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy asics owever, as opposed to the behavior of a classical magnet the nuclear spin magnetic moment does not always align with
More informationElement of same atomic number, but different atomic mass o Example: Hydrogen
Atomic mass: p + = protons; e - = electrons; n 0 = neutrons p + + n 0 = atomic mass o For carbon-12, 6p + + 6n 0 = atomic mass of 12.0 o For chlorine-35, 17p + + 18n 0 = atomic mass of 35.0 atomic mass
More information1 Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy
Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy Tremendous progress has been made in NMR spectroscopy with the introduction of multidimensional NMR spectroscopy and pulse Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy. For a deeper
More informationNMR Spectroscopy in Notre Dame
NMR Spectroscopy in Notre Dame University of Notre Dame College of Science Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility http://www.nd.edu/~nmr Reservation system for spectrometers
More informationAbsorption by atmospheric gases in the IR, visible and UV spectral regions.
Lecture 6. Absorption by atmospheric gases in the IR, visible and UV spectral regions. Objectives: 1. Gaseous absorption in thermal IR. 2. Gaseous absorption in the visible and near infrared. 3. Gaseous
More informationChemical Calculations: The Mole Concept and Chemical Formulas. AW Atomic weight (mass of the atom of an element) was determined by relative weights.
1 Introduction to Chemistry Atomic Weights (Definitions) Chemical Calculations: The Mole Concept and Chemical Formulas AW Atomic weight (mass of the atom of an element) was determined by relative weights.
More information