Life Domain: Labour Market and Working Conditions Goal Dimension: Preserving Natural Capital Measurement Dimension: Environmental Pollution by Economy

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1 Emissions by Industry Indicator: H6211 Intensity of Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Industry Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion by industry in kg per 1000 purchasing power parities of value added by industry in GDP at constant 1990 prices and exchange rates (total industry except energy branch = sections C, D, F of NACE, Rev. 1) A 367,0 360,7 354,1 336,5 309,3 290,6 278,8 275,8 260,1 277,1 282,5 B 699,7 669,4 683,8 676,3 643,4 631,2 680,5 672,2 648,7 664,8 621,5 620,6 D 314,6 304,8 317,5 317,9 326,4 370,9 D-W DK 297,5 263,3 266,0 253,5 247,4 265,4 275,7 233,5 243,6 238,4 226,8 219,9 E 378,8 370,4 339,6 337,9 304,2 313,4 324,0 322,7 333,8 367,7 349,8 331,9 F 393,0 355,8 365,7 335,9 332,7 309,0 302,0 308,4 314,0 292,4 312,6 321,3 FIN 542,8 503,7 440,3 461,5 467,9 530,5 651,9 699,3 570,2 499,8 472,6 GR 444,5 417,6 474,2 473,6 462,5 432,8 401,0 431,4 429,8 466,1 519,8 504,5 I 287,5 281,6 299,3 288,7 293,9 300,2 297,3 303,0 301,0 302,7 297,0 291,2 IRL 432,1 404,8 405,5 380,3 367,5 377,4 354,9 304,7 226,1 194,4 167,9 145,2 L 3.239, , , , , , , , , , , ,2 NL 676,5 628,7 584,1 523,0 430,6 478,6 449,5 457,4 461,4 405,1 391,4 384,3 P 313,8 264,1 269,5 269,4 271,2 274,7 290,2 276,5 278,7 300,2 264,7 267,0 S 339,1 315,6 295,6 275,2 273,1 270,7 280,3 302,0 321,4 295,7 303,1 UK 336,5 330,0 316,7 309,4 293,6 296,1 328,9 349,9 315,4 333,4 300,0 306,5 CZ 1.046,3 987,8 H 391,1 419,1 358,9 PL 656,2 935,4 820,8 SK CH N 253,4 272,0 217,0 U.S. 530,6 461,7 418,6 JAP 365,7 396,7 311,2 Source: Figures on carbon dioxid emissions: EU countries: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Milieu; s. also Eurostat, "Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Fossil Fuels " (The data are based on Eurostat's energy balances); rest of the countries: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1995, 1997, 1999; figures on value added by industry: GDP at constant 1990 prices in U.S. Dollars: OECD, National Accounts, Main Aggregates , edition 1999;

2 conversion in national currencies at 1990 exchange rates according to Statistisches Bundesamt (ed.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD, Purchasing Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, various years; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan : Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Notes:

3 Emissions by Industry Indicator: H6212 Intensity of Sulphur Oxide Emissions by Industry Sulphur oxide emissions by industrial combustion and industrial processes in kg SO2 per 1000 purchasing power parities of value added by industry in GDP at constant 1990 prices and exchange rates (total industry except energy branch = sections C, D, F of NACE, Rev. 1) A 2,6 2,3 1,5 1,1 1,0 0,7 0,6 0,6 0,5 0,6 0,5 0,6 B 3,7 2,9 2,6 2,5 D 2,1 1,6 1,5 1,2 1,1 0,9 0,9 D-W DK 2,6 1,8 1,5 1,4 1,0 1,0 1,1 1,0 0,9 1,1 0,9 0,6 0,6 E 4,8 4,8 4,5 4,5 4,2 4,1 4,1 4,1 4,5 4,7 4,5 F 2,5 2,3 2,2 1,8 1,7 1,5 1,7 1,6 1,5 1,5 1,4 1,4 FIN 10,2 9,1 8,2 5,6 6,0 5,2 3,9 3,1 2,6 2,1 1,9 GR 4,7 5,9 5,7 5,7 5,2 4,1 4,4 4,4 4,1 I 1,9 1,8 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,5 1,3 1,3 IRL 5,3 3,2 3,5 3,7 2,8 1,9 L 1,9 NL 3,3 3,1 2,9 2,6 2,2 2,0 1,7 1,7 1,6 1,5 1,4 1,3 1,2 P 4,4 4,3 4,8 4,3 4,4 4,1 4,5 4,4 4,6 4,7 S 2,7 1,9 1,6 1,5 1,5 1,6 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 UK 3,1 3,2 2,8 2,8 2,7 2,8 3,0 3,2 3,3 2,7 2,1 2,0 CZ 1,5 1,6 1,4 1,1 H 9,5 9,4 8,9 7,3 7,9 6,2 5,4 3,5 PL SK CH 0,7 0,4 0,4 N 2,1 1,9 1,7 1,4 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,0 0,9 0,7 U.S. 3,9 3,4 3,4 3,3 3,6 3,5 3,5 3,4 3,2 3,2 3,1 3,0 JAP 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 Source: Figures on sulphur oxide emissions: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1999; figures on value added by industry: GDP at constant 1990 prices in U.S. Dollars: OECD, National Accounts, Main Aggregates , edition 1999; conversion in national currencies at 1990 exchange rates according to Statistisches Bundesamt (ed.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD, Purchasing

4 Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, various years; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan : Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Notes: Austria: SO2 only; Denmark: until 1993 the data only cover emissions by industrial combustion; France: break in time series between 1989/1990; Finland: break in time series between 1991/1992; Greece: SO2 only; Ireland: exclusive of emissions by industrial processes; Netherlands: break in time series between 1989/1990; Portugal: break in time series due to change in estimation methodology; data before 1990 refer to SO2 only, inclusion of Madeira and Azores Islands since 1990; Sweden: SO2 only; United Kingdom: SO2 only; Czech Republic: exclusive of emissions by industrial combustion since 1991; SO2 only; Hungary: SO2 only

5 Emissions by Industry Indicator: H6213 Intensity of Carbon Monoxide Emissions by Industry Carbon monoxide emissions by industrial combustion and industrial processes in kg per 1000 purchasing power parities of value added by industry in GDP at constant 1990 prices and exchange rates (total industry except energy branch = sections C, D, F of NACE, Rev. 1) A 11,1 9,6 9,4 9,5 7,2 6,3 7,5 8,0 8,0 6,1 6,0 B 7,9 11,1 11,1 D 3,1 2,9 3,0 3,2 3,3 3,2 3,2 D-W DK 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 E 6,1 5,4 5,0 4,9 5,3 4,9 5,0 4,6 5,3 5,2 4,5 F 3,7 3,5 3,4 3,2 3,4 4,9 4,7 4,7 4,6 5,0 4,7 4,6 FIN 2,2 2,5 2,2 2,2 1,8 GR 2,4 1,8 1,6 1,7 1,9 2,0 1,9 1,6 I 4,5 4,2 4,2 3,9 4,1 4,0 3,9 3,9 3,7 3,3 3,2 IRL 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0 L 17,2 NL 6,5 5,9 5,6 5,5 5,1 4,7 4,2 3,8 4,0 3,5 3,4 3,5 3,1 P 2,7 2,3 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,8 S 0,8 0,9 1,8 2,0 2,2 1,9 1,9 1,0 UK 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,4 CZ 2,2 2,3 0,5 0,5 H 9,5 11,5 11,4 12,1 12,5 11,2 9,8 9,1 PL SK CH 1,0 0,7 0,7 N 2,2 2,5 2,8 2,9 3,1 3,0 2,5 2,3 2,2 2,2 2,1 1,5 1,5 U.S. 4,1 3,9 3,8 3,9 3,7 3,9 3,9 3,9 3,7 3,6 3,5 3,6 JAP Source: Figures on carbon monoxide emissions: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1999; figures on value added by industry: GDP at constant 1990 prices in U.S. Dollars: OECD, National Accounts, Main Aggregates , edition 1999; conversion in national currencies at 1990 exchange rates according to Statistisches Bundesamt (ed.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD,

6 Purchasing Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, various years; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan : Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Notes: Denmark: emissions by industrial processes are excluded; France: break in time series between 1989 and 1990; Ireland: break in time series between 1989/1990, emissions by industrial processes are excluded; Netherlands: break in time series between 1989/1990; Czech Republic: break in time series between 1993/1994; emissions by industrial combustion are excluded; Norway: emissions by industrial combustion are excluded in 1985, 1986 and 1988

7 Emissions by Industry Indicator: H6214 Intensity of Emissions of Particulates Emissions of particulates by industrial combustion and industrial processes in kg per 1000 purchasing power parities of value added by industry in GDP at constant 1990 prices and exchange rates (total industry except energy branch = sections C, D, F of NACE, Rev. 1) A 0,50 0,50 0,42 0,34 B 0,18 0,26 D 0,69 0,45 0,37 0,32 0,31 0,30 0,29 D-W DK E F 0,75 0,68 0,66 0,59 0,54 0,51 0,49 0,46 0,43 0,41 FIN 1,37 1,27 1,03 0,83 GR I 0,76 0,74 0,75 0,72 0,74 0,75 IRL 0,10 0,09 0,09 0,08 0,22 L NL 0,57 0,54 0,49 0,40 0,34 0,30 0,25 0,22 P S UK 0,37 0,37 0,35 0,36 0,35 0,35 0,37 0,38 0,38 0,36 0,33 0,31 CZ 1,13 1,01 0,73 H 2,36 3,31 3,04 3,03 3,01 2,78 2,70 2,32 PL 9,10 8,87 8,61 8,60 8,39 SK CH 0,34 0,26 0,25 N 0,08 0,09 0,14 0,10 0,14 0,13 0,13 0,13 0,13 0,12 0,11 0,10 0,09 U.S. 0,83 0,80 0,77 0,76 0,80 0,79 0,79 0,72 0,70 0,73 0,71 0,71 JAP 0,10 0,10 0,08 Source: Figures on emissions of particulates: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1999; figures on value added by industry: GDP at constant 1990 prices in U.S. Dollars: OECD, National Accounts, Main Aggregates , edition 1999; conversion in national currencies at 1990 exchange rates according to Statistisches Bundesamt (ed.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD, Purchasing

8 Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, various years; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan : Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD, Purchasing Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat, Statistical Yearbook; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan :Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Notes: Ireland: exclusive of emissions from industrial processes; Netherlands: 1985, 1986, 1988 data exclude emissions from industrial combustion; Czech Republic: exclusive of emissions from industrial combustion; Japan: exclusive of emissions from industrial processes

9 Waste Production by Economic Activity Indicator: H6221 Intensity of Waste Generation by Manufacturing Industry Waste produced by manufacturing industry in kg per 1000 purchasing power parities of value added in GDP at constant 1990 prices and exchange rates A 432,9 438,1 492,0 B 400,5 D 196,5 D-W DK 143,4 124,9 134,3 133,7 134,5 E 114,8 148,4 F 557,7 511,5 FIN 553,8 969,4 GR 480,4 I IRL 213,1 L 779,6 NL 180,6 169,0 171,4 186,3 165,0 170,3 P 555,2 422,9 S 516,4 UK 278,0 276,8 274,5 CZ H 1.471,3 386,8 386,5 PL 461,2 441,3 421,1 SK CH 9,7 15,1 N 214,6 322,6 276,4 248,7 U.S. 793,7 JAP 264,9 254,5 234,3 253,4 Source: Figures on waste production: Japan, U.S.: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999; rest of the countries: Eurostat, New Cronos, Milieu; figures on value added by industry: GDP at constant 1990 prices in U.S. Dollars: OECD, National Accounts, Main Aggregates , edition 1999; conversion in national currencies at 1990 exchange rates according to Statistisches Bundesamt (ed.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Ausland 1999; conversion in PPP at 1990 exchange rates according to OECD, Purchasing Power Parities for OECD-Countries, , available online at % contribution of industry: EU Countries: Eurostat,

10 Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Hungary, : Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), Statistical Yearbook of Hungary 1997; Norway, : Statistics Norway, National Accounts , Oslo 1998; Norway, : Statistics Norway, Statistical Yearbook of Norway 2000; Poland: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland, various years; Switzerland, Czech Republic: United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; Japan, United States : United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, various years; United States, : U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1999; Japan : Statistics Bureau and Statistics Center of Japan, Japan Statistical Yearbook, figures available online at Notes:

11 Environmental Impacts of Agriculture Indicator: H6231 Consumption of Fertilizers in Agriculture Apparent consumption of commercial fertilizers (contents of nitrogen, phosphoric acids and K2O) in kg per hectare of land used for agriculture (arable and permanent crop land, permanent grassland) A 110,7 110,5 90,3 95,5 91,2 86,8 86,6 82,1 76,5 75,9 72,5 69,1 77,3 72,5 72,2 67,8 65,8 B 276,1 270,2 273,7 269,4 269,8 266,5 258,9 240,0 224,3 216,5 213,8 206,7 209,2 203,3 203,6 199,9 188,6 D 279,1 264,4 265,5 265,1 269,4 254,3 185,8 173,3 167,8 155,7 167,9 162,7 162,6 164,9 169,1 178,1 160,7 D-W 223,1 202,9 193,7 193,9 201,8 181,1 135,6 DK 215,8 223,6 227,7 216,4 220,3 234,7 227,0 209,7 184,0 176,3 173,2 160,7 165,3 162,6 154,2 143,7 138,3 E 53,1 56,5 60,6 66,0 68,5 66,8 64,8 62,0 52,0 60,5 63,8 62,9 72,7 70,1 79,0 77,9 72,4 F 169,2 173,8 179,5 178,3 186,9 191,2 185,9 182,9 149,4 152,4 156,4 163,5 168,8 166,5 161,6 159,0 139,5 FIN 180,4 199,4 209,6 205,7 184,3 200,3 184,8 139,8 143,4 143,0 147,2 151,0 139,9 140,1 135,3 135,1 139,2 GR 57,0 74,5 73,4 66,0 70,4 74,8 75,5 71,1 68,5 55,6 57,5 55,1 61,1 56,1 53,7 54,1 53,7 I 105,4 123,0 120,9 135,4 124,2 107,6 115,4 123,8 120,3 119,7 120,5 118,8 121,5 114,6 112,9 112,9 113,0 IRL 123,3 120,5 137,5 136,7 144,6 151,6 122,5 149,7 151,4 162,6 171,3 170,4 157,1 149,0 161,2 151,9 142,2 L NL 333,0 343,1 342,2 313,8 318,9 289,7 279,7 281,8 274,9 261,1 270,9 272,4 266,0 258,4 245,8 242,5 217,3 P 64,8 60,3 67,3 70,7 73,7 68,4 70,1 65,8 62,4 63,1 62,8 62,2 69,2 65,9 66,8 57,7 55,0 S 130,7 119,9 116,8 116,1 111,1 106,2 96,1 87,0 93,9 98,0 96,2 90,0 94,2 95,1 91,0 90,8 88,8 UK 120,7 144,2 151,9 140,7 136,7 144,1 135,3 122,8 112,6 118,3 127,5 126,1 135,8 129,1 118,8 115,9 99,9 CZ 248,0 250,1 254,4 224,3 233,5 230,0 185,9 64,9 67,7 71,5 78,8 81,3 81,1 73,4 70,0 62,8 70,1 H 211,1 204,9 212,0 210,9 218,3 188,3 105,0 50,5 30,8 47,8 51,3 59,6 73,6 68,9 59,9 70,0 80,6 PL 181,6 175,3 187,0 176,5 182,6 174,2 114,1 62,7 63,6 68,5 76,3 81,2 86,4 92,1 84,4 82,8 82,4 SK 60,0 40,9 39,2 40,5 44,2 48,7 43,8 49,1 36,4 41,4 CH 103,6 102,6 98,6 100,9 101,4 100,9 95,7 90,6 96,1 95,5 91,7 85,4 79,1 76,5 75,9 64,6 64,5 N 261,8 248,7 242,9 242,7 226,4 214,9 215,2 205,9 205,4 203,4 201,0 186,3 184,6 197,5 192,0 191,7 188,5 U.S. 50,2 41,3 40,1 41,7 41,5 43,8 43,5 44,0 44,6 48,1 45,9 47,9 48,6 48,2 47,3 46,3 44,2 JAP 332,5 378,1 383,2 381,5 365,4 367,1 322,9 309,9 317,7 326,0 318,8 301,5 289,5 282,0 267,2 273,0 277,7 Source: OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1989, 1999, 2002 Notes: Figures for Belgium are inclusive of Luxembourg; break in Switzerland between 1991 and 1992 due to new statistical method applied for measuring land

12 Environmental Impacts of Agriculture Indicator: H6232 Use of Agricultural Pesticides Sales of pesticides (in kg of active ingredients) per square km of land used for agriculture (arable and permanent crop land, permanent grassland) A 108,5 137,9 159,2 123,2 113,2 127,5 111,6 115,4 104,9 99,2 104,1 107,8 97,7 100,8 105,1 B 453,3 575,9 576,4 587,7 638,4 658,8 692,0 675,9 708,8 693,7 662,8 731,7 693,1 614,3 649,6 626,0 653,9 D 200,3 179,4 149,3 155,6 175,7 185,0 177,3 193,7 176,3 177,7 D-W DK 242,1 215,9 195,9 188,5 208,9 202,7 167,1 165,7 149,8 145,6 176,4 135,1 136,7 135,4 105,4 103,8 E 127,8 143,9 156,2 151,6 129,8 128,9 105,2 97,9 103,5 93,7 110,3 113,2 117,1 112,9 F 232,1 299,1 304,8 284,8 308,9 314,5 319,6 340,0 279,3 304,4 297,2 279,5 326,3 366,5 360,1 383,6 328,2 FIN 93,8 77,3 76,6 78,3 74,9 87,7 85,0 69,6 55,7 50,7 52,7 45,8 40,8 44,6 51,0 49,7 51,8 GR 388,6 406,0 79,8 70,8 73,4 88,6 85,8 91,5 101,3 108,8 93,0 107,6 100,5 130,7 117,1 130,5 I 582,5 597,3 540,5 544,4 368,3 345,2 297,3 316,3 313,0 552,6 545,9 519,3 522,8 IRL 25,8 37,9 40,8 31,9 44,7 52,6 49,1 49,8 52,2 41,1 53,2 57,4 47,6 48,4 L 200,8 220,1 239,6 239,6 222,8 NL 1028,0 1063,5 892,4 895,6 945,0 938,9 869,2 801,7 591,6 566,7 556,2 500,7 528,8 543,4 520,2 493,5 P 238,6 157,7 226,9 242,4 301,2 334,0 355,9 381,3 371,7 373,5 S 118,8 104,8 160,7 69,7 83,4 70,9 68,7 54,7 45,2 43,6 58,4 37,5 46,3 49,3 50,4 53,2 52,4 UK 233,1 233,0 230,6 185,8 184,7 167,2 199,6 177,8 184,3 194,4 193,7 203,3 201,9 202,0 206,1 195,2 CZ 208,0 148,3 112,4 82,8 84,0 86,1 100,6 H 392,7 249,2 179,0 316,8 297,4 237,9 93,5 PL 28,9 39,3 38,9 39,1 37,3 SK CH 130,1 117,2 115,2 122,4 121,5 115,6 110,6 96,7 N 159,8 119,0 75,2 77,9 75,6 84,6 90,7 68,4 36,5 U.S. 86,9 86,9 84,6 JAP 1544,8 1157,2 Source: Eurostat New Cronos; OECD, Environmental Data, Compendium 1999, 1997, 1993, 1991, 2002 Notes: break in Switzerland between 1991 and 1992 due to new statistical method applied for measuring land