Invertebrate Comparative Anatomy Lab

Transcription

1 Invertebrate Comparative Anatomy Lab Background: Scientists group animals by their similarities. We will be looking at different phyla of animals today. These animals will have things in common and they will have differences. We will be looking at various characteristics of animals and comparing them. Two of these characteristics are as follows: (p. 374): There are three types of body symmetry. Radial Asymmetry Questions: 1. Based on the pictures above explain the difference between these three types of symmetry. 2. Based on the pictures below explain the difference between the two types of guts. ** Describe each kind on your own sheet of paper drawing a picture of each and writing a definition. : There are two types of guts. s with Two Openings s eat through mouth and get rid of waste through anus. s with One Opening s eat and get rid of waste through the same opening. Part 1: Comparing/Contrasting Characteristics of s (make sure you treat the live animals with care): 1) Compare and contrast the animals in the pictures provided below and the living specimens at your station. On your own sheet of paper copy the charts below and write down your observations.

2 Js,, and Hookworm (Roundworm) Planarian (flatworm) Earthworm (segmented worm) see live specimen (p. 390) Hookworm (Roundworm) Planarian (flatworm) Earthworm (segmented worm) Three Phyla of Worms Phyla of Worms Spider - Class Arachnid Fly Class Insecta Millipede Class Myriapoda Cricket Class Insecta (see living specimen)

3 Sand Crab (Pacific Mole Crab; Class Crustacea) Crayfish (Class Crustacea p. 409) Four Classes of Differences Between Four Classes of Spider Fly; Cricket Millipede Sand Crab; Crayfish Snail Class Gastropoda Octopus Class Cephalopda

4 Snail Octopus Clam Clam Class Bivalvia Three Classes of Mollusks Classes of Mollusks 2) Copy the chart below on your paper and write down similarities between the matching phylums. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate s Similarities: 3) Copy the chart below on your paper and write down differences between the matching phylums. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate s Differences: Part 2 (Time Permitting): Designing your own observational experiment 1. Develop an experiment to learn about one aspect of each living specimen at your station (i.e. reaction to warm/cold places, how it moves, how it eats, etc.). 2. Write a hypothesis for your experiment. 3. Write a procedure for your experiment. 4. Write down a list of materials you will need to conduct your experiment. 5. After you have done steps 2-4, show your plan to your teacher (you must do this BEFORE you do the experiment). 6. Do the experiment, collect data, and write a conclusion about what you observed in your experiment. Clean-Up: 1. Bring your living specimens and materials back to the teacher lab station. 2. Wipe down your lab station, dry it, and place everything back where it belongs. 3. Raise your hand so your teacher can check your lab group for completion of the lab.

5 Invertebrate Comparative Anatomy Lab Questions: 1. Based on the pictures on the lab sheet explain the difference between these three types of symmetry. Draw examples for each. 2. Based on the pictures on the lab sheet explain the difference between the two types of guts. Draw examples for each. Data Charts: s,, and Three Phyla of Worms Hookworm (Roundworm) Planarian (flatworm) Earthworm (segmented worm) Phyla of Worms Spider Fly; Cricket Millipede Sand Crab; Crayfish Four Classes of Differences Between Four Classes of Snail Octopus Clam Three Classes of Mollusks Classes of Mollusks

6 Analysis/Conclusion: Write down similarities (at least 2) between the matching phyla. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate Phyla Similarities: Write down differences (at least 2) between the matching phyla. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate Phyla Differences:

7 Invertebrate Comparative Anatomy Lab Questions: 1. Based on the pictures on the lab sheet explain the difference between these three types of symmetry. Draw examples for each. Radial Asymmetry Many lines cut the organism (like a pizza/pie) and the slices look similar/alike. One line cuts the organism in half and the halves look similar/alike. Cannot be cut into pieces that look alike. 2. Based on the pictures on the lab sheet explain the difference between the two types of guts. Draw examples for each. s with Two Openings s eat through mouth and get rid of waste through anus. s with One Opening s eat and get rid of waste through the same opening.

8 Data Charts: Phyla,, and Three Phyla of Worms Hookworm (Roundworm) Planarian (flatworm) Earthworm (segmented worm) Incomplete All bilateral Segmented and Roundworms are round in shape. All have no legs/arms. All have heads/tails. Phyla of Worms Flatworms have incomplete digestive system. Segmented worms have segments. Flatworms are flat. Spider Fly; Cricket Millipede Sand Crab; Crayfish Snail Asymmetric Octopus Radial Clam Asymmetric Four Classes of All bilateral. All have a complete digestive tract. All have body segments. Three Classes of Mollusks All have a complete digestive tract. All classes have marine species. All have a foot. Differences Between Four Classes of Spider has 8 legs. Fly and cricket has 6 legs. Millipede has legs. Different number of body sections (Spider 2, Fly/Cricket 3, Millipede many). Classes of Mollusks Snail/Clam are asymmetric while octopus has radial symmetry. Snails have one shell, clams two shells, octopus no shell. Octopus has 8 feet and clam/snail has 1 foot.

9 Analysis/Conclusion: Write down similarities (at least 2) between the matching phylums. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate s Similarities: Digestive Tract Both can be Both can be Both can be Digestive Tract Both have segmented bodies. Both can be Both can be Both can be Both have appendages. Write down differences (at least 2) between the matching phylums. The boxes should be left blank. Invertebrate s Similarities: has segments. is flat. have appendages. Mollusks have a foot. Annelid bodies contract and extend. is flat. have appendages. Mollusks have a foot. has an incomplete gut. has an incomplete gut. has an incomplete gut. has an incomplete gut. is not segmented. Annelid bodies contract and extend. have appendages. have an exoskeleton. Mollusks have a mantle. Annelid bodies contract and extend. Mollusks have a mantle. have an exoskeleton.