Integrated crop management strategy developed in Guadeloupe and Martinique to reduce pesticide use

Transcription

1 Integrated crop management strategy developed in Guadeloupe and Martinique to reduce pesticide use Côte F.X. Abadie C., Achard R., Cattan P., Chabrier C., Dorel M., de Lapeyre L., Risède J.M., Salmon F., Tixier P. CIRAD, Centre International de Recherche en Agronomie pour le Développement

2 Export dessert banana cropping system An intensive mono-culture (mono-varietal) in space and time (up to 40 years)

3 Dessert banana in Guadeloupe & Martinique producers (UGPBAN) tons /year ha - important anthropisation

4 Integrated crop management in Guadeloupe and Martinique to reduce pesticide use methods already developed or in progress interest of the model approach futur research prospect

5 Integrated Crop management strategy developed in the FWI Target Management Decision making tool Nematodes Biotest Weevils Biotest (trapping) Leaf spot Diseases Forecasting strategy Weeds Cultural practices - fallow - rotation - vitroplantlet set of practices «Cover» and associated crops Biological Pheormone trapping Enthomopathogen nematodes biopesticide mixture «lixiviado» Varietal - Clonal selection -New hybrids New hybrids

6 Methods widely adopted by producers Target Management Decision making tool Nematodes Biotest Weevils Biotest (trapping) Leaf spot Diseases Forecasting strategy Weeds Cultural practices - fallow - rotation - vitroplantlet set of practices «Cover» and associated crops Biological Pheormone trapping Enthomopathogen nematodes biopesticide mixture «lixiviado» Varietal - Clonal selection -New hybrids New hybrids

7 Adoption in progress Target Management Decision making tool Nematodes Biotest Weevils Biotest (trapping) Leaf spot Diseases Forecasting strategy Weeds Cultural practices - fallow - rotation - vitroplantlet set of practices «Cover» and associated crops Biological Pheomone trapping Enthomopathogen neamtodes biopesticide mixture «lixiviado» Varietal - Clonal selection -New hybrids New hybrids

8 Development stage Target Management Decision making tool Nematodes Biotest Weevils Biotest (trapping) Leaf spot Diseases Forecasting strategy Weeds Cultural practices - fallow - rotation - vitroplantlet set of practices «Cover» and associated crops Biological Pheormone trapping Enthomopathogen nematodes biopesticide mixture «lixiviado» Varietal - Clonal selection -New hybrids New hybrids

9 Impacts in term of pesticide use reduction Nematicides & insecticides use (active ingredient) for banana production in the FWI 12 Pesticide used kg / ha Pesticide use kg /ton produced 0, , ,25 0,2 0,15 0,1 0, Volume/unité de surface en kg de mat, active par ha Years Volume/ unité de tonnage en kg de mat, active par tonne de banane

10 Reglementation also contributed to pestide use reduction! Matières actives livrées aux plantations (en tonnes) Tons / year (Martinique) Counter 10 G Nemathorin 10G Regent 5 GR Rugby 10 G Temik 10 G Vydate 240 AL autres

11 methods already developed or in progress interest of the modelling approach future research prospect

12 How to manage complexity? Target Management Decision making tool Nematodes Biotest Weevils Biotest (trapping) Leaf spot Diseases Forecasting strategy Weeds Cultural practices - fallow - rotation - vitroplantlet set of practices «Cover» and associated crops Biological Pherormone trapping Enthomopathogen nematodes biopesticide mixture «lixiviado» Varietal - Clonal selection -New hybrids New hybrids

13 How to manage complexity? - global knowledge management of the «interactions» at the agrosystem level - evaluation of environmental impact of cropping system - evaluation of economic performance of cropping system

14 SIMBA Model Input Soil & climat conditions Practices / decision rules Model Biophysic Model - Plant - Parasitism - Soil - Hydric content Indicators Phytosanitary risks Erosion Soil fertility Ouput Multi-criteria evaluation : Agronomic, Economic, Environmental

15 Example of simulation : number of bunch harvested : simulation : observations bunch harvested / week Semaines Week 1 st cycle 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Plantation

16 Example of simulation : nematode (Rs) population development Nematode concentration ( nb.g -1 ) Semaines depuis la plantation inoculation : simulation : observations Weeks after plantation Rs simulation Rs données Pc simulation Pc données Nematicide Tixier et al European Journal of Agronomy, 26 : Tixier et al Ecological Modelling, 198:

17 Cropping system design using model simulation Environnemental notation «Exhaustive» simulations of : cultural practices combination of decision rules Economic notation

18 Cropping system design using model simulation Environnemental notation Most promising Cropping system simulated to be further evaluated at the field level Economic notation

19 methods already developed or in progress interest of the modelling approach Ongoing & futur research prospect

20 Ongoing & futur research prospect New resistant varieties Sustainable cropping System

21 Future research : objectives & concepts Sustainability? Diversity In the agrosystem

22 Future research : objectives & concepts Hypothesis : - To stop/decrease the dynamics of development of bioagressors using diversity of non-host species - To enhance the feedbacks of (re) introduced organisms on bioagressors or on physico-chemical caracteristic of the agrosystem

23 Future research : objectives & concepts Sustainability Dynamics of bioagressor Soil fertility Environmental impacts Economic performance? Diversity Organised diversity Rotation Associations Covering plants New varieties Mixture of varieties Soil associated / natural diversity Biological agent Useful organisms Organic compound

24 Study of the trophic relations in the agrosystem Organised biodiversity Associated/natural biodiversity Bioagressors

25 Study of the trophic relations in the agrosystem Organised biodiversity Associated/natural biodiversity Bioagressors Practices

26 Conclusions How can pesticide use be reduced in banana culture? Experience in Guadeloupe & Martinique - several solutions based on Integrated Crop Management approaches are already available several other solutions are in development ( ICM & new resistant varieties)

27 Conclusions (continued) - How to speed up the process from research to innovation?

28 Conclusions (continued) - How to speed up the process from research to innovation? multidisciplinary approaches direct producer involment in Research & Developement agenda

29 Thank You

30 Banana new varieties

31 Impatiens Bracaria Crotalaria Siratro

32 Banana & Plantain research at Cirad Development of sustainable banana & plantain Croping system Banana & Plantain genetic improvement Thematic research support (virology, plant pathology genomic, )

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