APPENDIX F WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT

Transcription

1 APPENDIX F WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT

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3 SB 610 Water Supply Assessment For Oyster Point Business Park and Marina Area Redevelopment Master Plan and Project January 19, 2011 Prepared by California Water Service Company 341 North Delaware Ave San Mateo, California

4 Introduction The City of South San Francisco (City) through its consultant, Lamphier Gregory, has requested California Water Service Company (Cal Water) prepare a Water Supply Assessment (WSA) in accordance with California SB 610 requirements for the proposed Oyster Point Specific Plan (OPSP) which is comprised of the Oyster Point Business Park and Marina Area. The site of the OPSP, including the Phase I Project and all subsequent phases of development is part of the City s East of 101 planning area. The approximately 80 acre Plan site is located about 3/4 of a mile east of Highway 101, at the eastern end (Bay side) of Oyster Point and Marina Boulevards. The Oyster Point Business Park covers 25 acres of the OPSP area. It contains privately owned five single-story light-industrial buildings at 375/377, 379, 384, 385 and 389 Oyster Point Boulevard that were developed in the early 1980s totaling 403,212 square feet of space and surrounding parking. Currently, these buildings are occupied by a variety of light industrial, office, and research and development (R&D) tenants. Other than roadway elements, the 48 acre Oyster Point Marina constitutes the remainder of the OPSP area. This land served as a municipal landfill for the City of South San Francisco from 1956 until it stopped accepting waste in The Marina is owned by the City of South San Francisco and managed through a Joint Powers Agreement with the San Mateo County Harbor District. Currently, this area includes a variety of uses: a dry boat storage area, a marine support services building, two small office buildings, Oyster Point Inn, a 30 room inn and banquet hall, Oyster Point Bait and Tackle shop, a boat and motor mart and the Oyster Point Yacht Club, totaling 74,360 square feet. The remaining area is vacant or serves as parking for the docks, boat ramp, and the Bay Trail at the Oyster Point Marina. The Oyster Cove Marina is privately owned and located to the west of the Oyster Point Business Park; it contains 235 berths. The Oyster Point Marina is located on the north side of the Oyster Point Marina area and contains 600 berths, a boat ramp, fuel dock and fishing pier. The South San Francisco Ferry Terminal with service to/from San Francisco and the East Bay is currently scheduled to be completed at the Oyster Point Marina in early This Ferry Terminal is a separate project with its own environmental review. The proposed project is to be implemented in four (4) phases includes demolition of existing commercial and recreational buildings. The Existing Conditions Aerial photo (SKS June 1, 2010) and Proposed Development Phases (Shorenstein/SKS September 10, 2009) show location features and development sequence. No set timeframe has been given for Phases II, III, and IV. As proposed, the OSPS will be a public and private redevelopment comprised of the uses shown in Table 1 below. A split of 60% Research & Development and 40% Office space use is proposed in the specific plan. The total for all Office and R&D building area cannot exceed 2,300,000 square feet. 2

5 Table 1: Oyster Point Specific Plan Proposed Land Uses Size (square feet if not Building otherwise specified) Uses to Remain Oyster Point Bait and Tackle 1,440 Oyster Cove Marina 235 berths Oyster Point Marina 600 berths Phase I Office/R&D Building 508, ,000 Auxiliary Commercial 10,000 Oyster Pt Marina Beach 3.1 acres Phases II, III, IV New Hotels 350 rooms Commercial/Retail/Restaurant in Hotel 40,000 Office/R&D Building (Phase II) 700,000 Office/R&D Building (Phase III) 525,000 Office/R&D Building (Phase IV) 517,000 Recreation Fields 4.8 acres Uses to Remain until Hotel Construction, then be rebuilt on Site Oyster Point Yacht Club 4,000 Oyster Point Maintenance 2,500 Following is a more specific breakdown of the proposed project: Private development including new office/research and development (R&D) buildings in the western portion of the site: Demolition of the existing inn located at 425 Marina Drive, the office buildings at 360 Oyster Point Boulevard and 401 Marina Boulevard, the boat and motor mart at 671 Marina Boulevard, the Yacht Club at 911 Marina Boulevard, and the light-industrial buildings at Oyster Point Boulevard, New public roadway alignment (and utility infrastructure) of Oyster Point Boulevard and Marina Drive, including relocation of sewer pump station #1 adjacent to 377 Oyster Point Boulevard, Office/R&D buildings with a Floor Area Ratio (FAR) of up to 1.25 across the 41 acres of private land area, totaling up to 2,300,000 square feet of building space, including 10,000 square feet of accessory commercial uses, Four phases of approximately 500,000 to 700,000 square feet each, Each phase will include or have access to courtyards, plazas, shuttle bus stops, and/or structured parking, Dedication and construction of an approximately 3.1 acre parcel for use as waterfront public open space. 3

6 Site preparation and/or construction on the former landfill site could involve disturbance and relocation of landfill refuse on- or off-site. Public redevelopment including public open space, recreation fields, marina improvements, and a hotel: One or two hotels with a total of 350 rooms and 40,000 square feet of retail/restaurant, as well as replacement of the Yacht Club (4,000 square feet) and maintenance building (2,500 Square feet), New road and utility infrastructure to serve the future hotel site and Oyster Point Marina, A recreation or open space field, Reconfiguration of parking adjacent to the new ferry terminal and shuttle bus turnaround proposed with the ferry terminal, Improvements to the Bay Trail and surrounding open space throughout Oyster Point Marina and the proposed office/r&d Project (subject to BCDC Guidelines and input), Possible changes to two of the docks in the Oyster Point Marina, which could include removal and replacement, Enhancement (landscape and other cosmetic improvements) of existing uses at the eastern end of Oyster Point in conjunction with required landfill cap repairs, and Roadway connections to the previously permitted South San Francisco Ferry Terminal. Site preparation and/or construction on the former landfill site could involve disturbance and relocation of landfill refuse on- or off-site. Phase I Development The first phase or Phase I will include development of a minimum of 508,000 square feet up to a maximum of 600,000 square feet of office/r&d space over a 2-level parking garage podium on approximately 10 acres, creation of waterfront open space, construction of the recreation field complex, grading of most of the future hotel site, and construction of new roads serving Oyster Point Marina. The specific details of the Phase I Project work are outlined below and in the attached Phase I Site Plan. Private Development of Office/R&D buildings Demolition Phase I will include demolition of the four existing buildings totaling 66,420 square feet, including the Oyster Point Inn at 425 Marina Drive, two Office buildings at 360 Oyster Point Boulevard and 401 Marina Boulevard, and the boat and motor mart at 671 Marina Boulevard. Landfill Consolidation and Grading Site preparation and building construction in Phase I will involve excavation and relocation of landfill materials. The material will be either relocated on-site or relocated to an appropriate off-site facility. 4

7 Site Specifics: The Office/R&D buildings will occupy a site of approximately 10 acres to the south of Oyster Point Boulevard directly east of Gull Drive. Phase I will include the construction of between 508,000 to 600,000 square feet of office/r&d space. Office/R&D complex will include three office/lab buildings, the western-most of which could reach up to 10 stories, the other two of which could reach up to 6 stories. Buildings will be located on a plaza, which will be built over a 2-level parking garage podium. Open Space and Infrastructure Improvements on City s Land (Public Redevelopment) Roads: Reconfiguration of Marina Boulevard and a portion of Oyster Point Boulevard. New roadway construction will include bicycle lanes, sidewalks and street trees. Utilities will be provided in the new roads and will be sized for the full build-out of all phases including sewer, water, fire water, and a joint trench for PG&E and telecom. Parking lot adjacent to the west basin of Oyster Point Marina will be reconstructed after landfill cover improvements have been completed to access the new Marina Boulevard configuration. Landfill Cover: Improvements will be constructed to update the landfill cover to current regulatory requirements. Open Space/Recreation): A 3-acre site to the east of the Office/R&D buildings will be graded and constructed as a sports field complex or flexible open space - to be determined by City. A 3.1-acre waterfront site to the north and east of the Oyster Point Boulevard and Marina Boulevard intersection will be graded and landscaped per City Specifications and BCDC design guidelines. Off-street pedestrian paths (including new portions of the Bay Trail) will connect the ferry terminal to the existing Bay Trail and to the eastern edge of the Plaza in Phase I and to Gull Drive to the south of Phase I. Future Hotel Site: The 4.7-acre site to the east of the sports fields will be graded to allow for a future hotel and retail complex. On this site, the Yacht Club structure and the Harbor District garage, yard and surrounding access roads remain intact through Phase I. 5

8 This OPSP is not specifically covered in Cal Water s 2006 South San Francisco (SSF) District Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), which was adopted on December 15, 2006; therefore, its water requirements and how they would be met are addressed in this Water Supply Assessment (WSA). The SSF District UWMP document provides historic and forecasted water demand and supply data and analyses and can be referenced for more detailed information on those topics. Cal Water updates its Urban Water Management Plans every three to five years. Senate Bills 610 (Chapter 643, Statutes of 2001) (SB 610) and Senate Bill 221 (Chapter 642, Statutes of 2001) (SB 221) amended state law, effective January 1, 2002, to improve the link between information on water supply availability and land use development decisions made by cities and counties. SB 610/SB 221 are companion measures that require detailed information regarding water supply availability be provided to local public agency decision-makers prior to approval of development projects that meet or exceed any of the following criteria: 1. A residential development of more than 500 dwelling units. 2. A shopping center or business establishment employing more than 1,000 persons or having more than 500,000 square feet. 3. A commercial office building employing more than 1,000 persons or having more than 250,000 square feet of floor space. 4. A hotel or motel with more than 500 rooms. 5. An industrial, manufacturing or processing plant or industrial park planned to house more than 1,000 persons occupying more than 40 acres of land or having more than 650,000 square feet of floor area. 6. A mixed-used project that includes one or more of the projects specified above. 7. A project that would demand an amount of water equivalent to, or greater than the amount of water required by a 500 dwelling unit project. Since the proposed Oyster Point Redevelopment Project development project exceeds several criteria, a SB 610 WSA and a SB 221 verification document are required. A SB 610 WSA must address the adequacy of the water supply to meet estimated demands of the proposed project over the next 20 years in addition to those of Cal Water s existing customers and other anticipated future users under normal, single dry year and multiple dry year conditions. (Water Code 10911(a).) SB 610 and SB221 require that the information developed to address the adequacy of the water supply question be included in the administrative record that serves as the evidentiary basis for an approval action by the local public agency. Both state bills recognize local control and decision-making regarding the availability of water for projects and the approval of projects. Under SB 610, water supply assessments must be furnished to local governments for inclusion in any required California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) documents. Water Code (a) requires that any city or county that determines that a project, as defined in Section 10912, is subject to CEQA shall comply with the requirements of this part of the water code. Under SB 221, approval by a city or county of certain 6

9 residential subdivisions requires an affirmative written verification of sufficient water supply. An SB 221 verification document is required for tentative tract map approval. In December 2010, the City requested Cal Water prepare a SB 610 WSA for the OPSP. Cal Water submitted a Draft WSA for the proposed development to the City for review approximately 30 days later. (Water Code 10910(g) requires the water supplier to prepare the assessment within 90 days of request.) On January 19, 2011, Cal Water received review comments from the City. Cal Water subsequently revised the Draft WSA to address those comments resulting in this WSA document. As referenced, Cal Water adopted its current SSF District UWMP for the District on December 15, Per Section 10910(c) (3) of the Water Code, this water supply assessment is based on information contained in the UWMP and from other more recent sources cited here. Following is a description of the proposed Oyster Point Redevelopment Project development project, its projected water demands, and a description and assessment of the proposed water supply to meet those and all other forecasted demands in the SSF District in accordance with the requirements of SB 610. OPSP Implementation Schedule Available information on the OPSP did not include a specific implementation schedule for all four development phases. To be responsive to WSA requirements, a schedule was developed and is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Oyster Point Specific Plan: Estimated Implementation Schedule Phase Implementation Period Old Use Old Area (sq ft or acres) New Use New Area (sq ft or acres) Net Area Increase (sq ft or acres) I Private Office/commercial 66,420 Office 240, ,580 I Private NA 0 R&D 360, ,000 I Public Commercial mix 74,360 NA 0 0 I Public Landscape Area 2 Sports field, WF park I Private Landscape Area Landscape Area 0 II Private Office 112,264 Office 280, ,736 II Private NA 0 R&D 420, ,000 II Public Commercial mix 74,360 Hotel/com/retail 320, ,640 II Public Landscape Area 1 park & public space III Private Office 112,264 Office 210,000 97,736 III Private NA 0 R&D 315, ,000 IV Private Office 112,264 Office 206,800 94,536 IV Private NA 0 R&D ,200 Total Office 936, ,588 R&D 1,405,200 1,405,200 Hotel/com/retail 320, ,640 Irrigated Areas

10 In Table 2, it is assumed at the end of full implementation in 2022 that full occupancy and use occurs and correspondingly full water demand. Water Demand Forecast: Oyster Point Specific Plan For the proposed new facilities, it is assumed that water usage rates for new office space, R&D laboratories, commercial and retail uses and landscape irrigation will be the same as similar existing facilities in the Oyster Point area. For the December 2008 South San Francisco Gateway Business Park project WSA, actual water use records were obtained for specific buildings along with interior square footage. The following is a summary of this data. For the period from July 2007 June 2008 (1 year or 365 days), total internal metered water use for five existing buildings at 700, 1000, 750, 800 and 850 Gateway Boulevard was 3,392,180 gallons for an area of 234,013 square feet. Overall average annual day water use was 0.04 gallons/day/ft 2. The existing building at 700 Gateway Blvd is nearly all office space use. The building area is 55,098 square feet and annual water use from July 2007 June 2008 was 722, 568 gallons or gallons/day/ft 2. The existing building at 800 Gateway Blvd is nearly all biotechnology research and development laboratory space use. The building area is 45,400 square feet and annual water use from July 2007 June 2008 was 1,039,720 gallons or gallons/day/ft 2. For the July 2007 June 2008 period, total landscape irrigation water use was 7,219,192 gallons for an area of 250,143 square feet. Average annual day irrigation water use was: gallons/day/ft 2. It is assumed that use of the existing average annual day water use rates will be the same in the new development. Therefore, the only change in water demand will be that due to the net increase in building space. Estimating water usage for commercial, retail, restaurants and hotels on a gallons/square feet basis requires characterizing the type and mix of businesses that are anticipated in the development. If the commercial/retail/restaurant/hotel mix has a higher concentration of higher water using businesses such as supermarkets, restaurants, coffee shops, health clubs, etc., the water use factor will be significantly higher than a mix largely comprised of dry goods retail activities such as clothing, shoes, jewelry, sporting goods, drug stores, bookstores, etc. For another development project in Cal Water s Dominguez District in Torrance, CA, PCR Services Corporation (PCR) using data derived by the County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles (CCDLA) developed a table of estimated water demand for a variety of commercial activities. Since there was good agreement between the estimate of residential water usage derived from Cal Water data and those developed by PCR using CCDLA data, estimates of water demand for commercial activities developed by PCR using CCDLA factors are used here for the OPSP and are summarized below. 8

11 Commercial Activities Water Use Factors Average Use Category gallons/sq ft/day Retail: Shopping Center Electronic Superstore Home Improvement Discount Club Home Furnishing Office Supplies Pet Supply Supermarket 0.65 Restaurants: High turnover Fast Food Quality Hotel water use has been estimated at 0.50 gallons/sq ft/day. The estimated net increase in space by use category is: Hotel: 280,000 80,000 = 200,000 ft 2 Restaurant: 3,000 1,000 = 2,000 ft 2 Retail: 43,560 ft 2 Total: 245,640 ft 2 The composite water use factor for the new hotel, restaurant and retail: x x x 1.1 = = gpd/ft 2 The estimated water demand for the OPSP is presented in Table 3. 9

12 Phase Table 3 Oyster Point Specific Plan: Estimated Water Demand Implementa tion Period New Use New Area (ft 2 ) Net Area Increase (ft 2 ) Unit Water Demand (gpd/ft 2 ) Net Water Demand Increase (gpd) I Private Office 360, , ,249 I Private R&D 240, , ,680 I Public NA 0 0 Sports field, WF park , ,109 I Public I Private Landscape Area 0 II Private Office 420, , ,038 II Private R&D 280, , ,460 II Public Hotel/com/retail 320, , ,853 Park & Public space 174, , ,324 II Public III Private Office 315,000 97, ,518 III Private R&D 210, , ,845 IV Private Office 206,800 94, ,403 IV Private R&D , ,543 Four PhaseTotal: Office 1,301, , ,209 R&D 936,800 1,405, ,528 Hotel/com/retail 320, , ,853 Irrigated Areas 435, , ,433 Grand OPSP Total: 239,023 Phase I Total Net Water Demand: 43,038 gpd Phase II Total Net Water Demand: 149,676 gpd Phase III Total Net Water Demand: 23,363 gpd Phase IV Total Net Water Demand: 23,248 gpd SSF District The South San Francisco District is located in northern San Mateo County approximately six miles south of the City of San Francisco. The district serves the communities of South San Francisco, Colma, a small portion of Daly City, and an unincorporated area of San Mateo County known as Broadmoor, which lies between Colma and Daly City. Figure 2 is a map showing the District s service areas. 10

13 Figure 2: South San Francisco District Cal Water designates customer classifications as follows: Single Family Residential Multifamily Residential Commercial Industrial Government Other The residential sector of CWS water service customers includes permanent single and multifamily residents. A variety of land uses exist in the South San Francisco service area. Within the City of South San Francisco, 28 percent of the land is residential, 21 percent industrial, seven-percent commercial, 11 percent is vacant and agricultural land and the balance is for public and utility use. In the City of Colma, approximately 77 percent of the land is used for cemeteries. The balance of the land is for residential, commercial, and public use. The Broadmoor area is primarily residential. Although the South San Francisco District is predominantly surrounded by communities served by other water companies, a few pockets of growth and several areas of redevelopment remain. 11

14 The average annual services for calendar year 2004 were 16,137. Single family residential services represented 85.5 percent, commercial services 11.6 percent and all other services 2.90 percent. SSF District Water Demand Total district demand is forecasted by multiplying the number of services for each customer class by the demand per service for that class. This method accounts for the significant differences between the demand per service associated with each customer class and the different growth rates for each class. Two growth patterns were considered in the SSF UWMP: 1) 5-year average service connection growth rate, and 2) 10-year average service connection growth rate. The growth rate for the five-year period 2000 to 2004 is 0.02 percent/year. The growth rate for the ten-year period 1996 to 2005 is 0.42 percent/year. Each customer class, such as residential, commercial and other uses, grows at a different rate. Therefore, the use of short-term or longterm growth rates in developing total annual service connections is done on the basis of customer class. The 10-year average service connection growth pattern is used in the updated UWMP for making demand projections because it is more representative of actual growth in the South San Francisco District. The SSF UWMP develops three demand scenarios: low, average and high. The low and high scenarios set the range boundaries for the forecasted demand growth, while the average demand is determined by Cal Water in making a forecast of anticipated demand. Cal Water s historical methodology for forecasting demand in the SSF District s for the UWMP is to use the average demand per service by class is combined with the 10-year rate of growth in services by class to arrive at the most probable demand through the year However, the updated UWMP will focus on the requirements of SB7 which mandates a per capita demand reduction of 20% be accomplished by 2020 and that a baseline and a conservation demand goal be based on using one of four permitted methods. Table 4 shows projected average annual water demand and the SB7 pre-conservation baseline and post conservation demand goal for the SSF District to the year Table 4 Actual and Forecasted Annual SSF District Water Demand (Acre-Feet) Year Average SB7 Baseline SB7 Goal , ,463 9,085 9, ,980 9,545 9, ,205 9,766 8, ,433 9,991 8, ,668 10,219 8,826 12

15 The SB7 baseline was determined by combining the forecasted population for the SSF District with the baseline per capita demand of 144 gpcd. Since the SSF District already has a low per capita demand compared to other regional communities the mandated per capita goal is set at 124 gpcd, which represents a 13% reduction in overall demand from the current baseline level. The following analysis demonstrates that the forecasted demand of the OPSP can be considered as part of the SSF District forecasted demand growth. Cal Water used the SB7 Baseline demand, as presented in Table 4 above as the forecasted demand that would occur in the absence of achieving mandated SB7 demand reductions. Water savings generated by the SB7 program are treated as a water supply source. Use of these savings and additional supplies from other sources supports increased demand within the SSF service area. The SB7 Baseline demand for the SSF District in 2015 is 9,545 acre-feet/year (AFY) or 8.52 million gallons per day (mgd). The forecasted demand for 2010 is 9,085 AF, so the forecasted increase in average day demand for the 5-year period 2010 to 2015 is 460 AFY or mgd. From Table 3, Phase I OPSP forecasted increase in demand in 2015 is 43,038 gpd or 48.2 AFY. This represents 10.5% (48.2/460) of the projected increase in forecasted SSF District water demand for that period. The SB7 Baseline demand for the SSF District in 2030 is 10,219 AFY or 9.12 mgd so the increase in average day demand from 2010 to 2030 (20-year period) is 1,134 AFY or mgd. The OPSP forecasted net increase in demand in 2030 for all four phases is 239,023 gallons/day or 268 AFY. This represents 23.6% (268/1,134) of the projected increase in forecasted SSF District water demand for the 20 year period. With respect to either the 5-year or 20-year forecasts, the OPSP does not represent a significant percentage in the projected increase in District demand. For 2015, it leaves 89.5% of the projected increase in demand for other projects and general growth within the District. For 2030, it leaves 76.4% for other projects and general growth. Therefore, for purposes of this WSA, the increases in water demand due to the OPSP are assumed to be part of Cal Water s SSF District demand forecast. SSF District Water Supply The South San Francisco District water supply is a combination of purchased water obtained from the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, groundwater produced from Company owned wells, and SB7 conservation generated supply savings. Table 5 summarizes the projected water supply sources and their annual quantity for the next 20 years assuming that the SB7 forecasted demand is achieved. 13

16 Table 5: SSF District Water Supplies (AFY) Water Supply Sources 2005 Actual 2010 Actual San Francisco Public Utilities Commission 8, ,604 6,931 7,126 7,326 Cal Water Groundwater Wells ,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 SB7 Conservation Savings ,335 1,365 1,393 Total (SB7 Baseline Demand) 8,869 8,463 9,545 9,766 9,991 10,219 Purchased Water Cal Water purchases treated surface water from the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC). This supply is predominantly from the Sierra Nevada, delivered through the Hetch Hetchy aqueducts, but also includes treated water produced by the SFPUC from its local watersheds and facilities in Alameda and San Mateo Counties. The amount of imported water available to SFPUC s retail and wholesale customers is constrained by hydrology, physical facilities, and the institutional factors that allocate the water supply of the Tuolumne River. Due to these constraints, the SFPUC is very dependent on reservoir storage to firm-up its water supplies. The SFPUC meets its retail and wholesale water demands through an integrated regional water system that includes water from local Bay Area water sources as well as imported water from Hetch Hetchy reservoir. Local watershed facilities are operated to capture local runoff as well as store imported water. Local reservoirs include: Crystal Springs Reservoir, San Andreas Reservoir, Pilarcitos Reservoir, Calaveras Reservoir, and San Antonio Reservoir. The Raker Act, which authorized the Hetch Hetchy project, prevents a privately owned utility such as Cal Water from receiving water from the Hetch Hetchy system, but allows local sources to be purchased. In addition, Cal Water is subject to the Water Supply Agreement between The City and County of San Francisco and Wholesale Customers in Alameda County, San Mateo County and Santa Clara County. The water purchased is treated by SFPUC prior to delivery to Cal Water. The district takes delivery from SFPUC from eleven metered connections from five SFPUC transmission lines. Supply Guarantee In July 2009, Cal Water along with 29 other Bay Area water suppliers signed a Water Supply Agreement (SFWSA) between The City and County of San Francisco and Wholesale Customers in Alameda County, San Mateo County and Santa Clara County, which replaced the Settlement Agreement and Master Water Sales Contract (Master Contract) with San Francisco that had been in place since The SFWSA continues the provision to provide a Supply Guarantee of 184 mgd, expressed on an annual average basis to SFPUC wholesale customers collectively. SFPUC retail customers receive 81 mgd as a supply guarantee. Cal Water s Individual Supply Guarantee (ISG) is mgd or 39,967 acre feet per year. 14

17 The SFPUC can meet the demands of its retail and wholesale customers in years of average and above average precipitation. The SFWSA allows SFPUC to reduce water deliveries during droughts, emergencies and for scheduled maintenance activities. SFPUC s wholesale customers through their collective organization, the Bay Area Water Supply and Conservation Agency (BAWSCA) during 2010 negotiated the Drought Implementation Plan (DRIP), which will replace the previously adopted Interim Water Shortage Allocation Plan. The SFWSA allocates the required reduction of available water supply between San Francisco s retail and wholesale customers. The SFWSA established that during a called upon 20% drought reduction, collective wholesale customers face up to a 28% reduction in their available supply, while SFPUC retail customers face only a 2% reduction. The DRIP aggregates the reduction applied to the wholesale customers and allocates it among individual wholesale customers during water shortages of up to 20% of system-wide. Although the DRIP has not yet been adopted by the wholesale customers, it was formulated in unanimous consensus by a BAWSCA committee of designated representatives from each wholesale customer. It is anticipated that the DRIP will be adopted in early The DRIP uses an allocation process that takes into consideration the wholesale customer s ISG and the seasonal water use pattern of the wholesale customer s service area. Communities that use substantially more water in the summer will face a greater reduction in their allocated drought supply. Health and safety adjustments were provided to increase the drought allocation of several wholesale customers that have extremely low ISG values. Much like the previously approved Interim Water Supply Allocation Plan, during a called upon 20% drought reduction because of the seasonal water use pattern of its customers and the recent high demand that has reached or exceeded it s ISG, Cal Water s customers face a potential 33% reduction in their available supply. By implementing conservation and seeking outside water supplies that can be transferred into Cal Water s service area, the magnitude of the potential reduction can be reduced. The SFWSA also calls for implementation of an Interim Supply Allocation (ISA) accompanied by an Environmental Enhancement Fee. If the entire SFPUC service area exceeds the collective supply guarantee of 264 mgd (81 mgd to SFPUC retail and 184 mgd to wholesale), then any individual customer that exceeds their ISA will be assessed the yet to be determined Environmental Enhancement Fee. Cal Water s ISA has been set at its ISG of mgd. This is intended to be an incentive to implement conservation. In 2010, the collective SFPUC service area used mgd; the five year average use is mgd. Groundwater Groundwater is extracted from Cal Water owned wells the Merced Formation of the Colma Creek Basin, a sub-basin of the Merced Valley Groundwater Basin, which is popularly referred to as the Westside Basin. Groundwater supplies ten to fifteen percent of the district s water demand. Cal Water monitors the groundwater level of its wells. Figure 3 shows the average ground water level for the South San Francisco District. The water level has remained relative constant since 1990 due to the area receiving average to above average rainfall and that the wells have been operating at less than 60% of total capacity. The water levels have been rising since 2003 since 15

18 the wells have been placed off-line as part of a SFPUC program to demonstrate the feasibility of a conjunctive use program. SFPUC proposes to install wells in the Westside Basin, then have Cal Water, Daly City and San Bruno not pump their wells during periods of above average precipitation and thereby bank the groundwater or increase the quantity of groundwater basin storage. During dry periods when SFPUC anticipates reductions in its deliverable surface supplies, Cal Water, Daly City and San Bruno would pump their normal amounts plus additional amounts of the stored water using the SFPUC installed wells to make up for the surface supply cutback. Agreements to implement this plan, which has been demonstrated to be technically feasible, are currently being negotiated among the parties. Figure 3: South San Francisco District Average Static Groundwater Levels In June 2003, Cal Water entered into an agreement with the SFPUC to conduct a conjunctive use test program its practicality and potential impact on the regional groundwater basin and Lake Merced recovery. The conjunctive use program was for a three year duration. As shown in the above figure, groundwater levels rose in 2004 and In 2009, Cal Water s wells were placed back into operation. The South San Francisco District has five active wells with a total design capacity of 955 GPM. If operated full-time, these wells could produce 1.38 mgd (1,540 AFY). This production capacity represents about 17 percent of the annual demand in the district. A maximum of 1,560 AFY was pumped in 1970 and Over the past two decades, Cal Water s average groundwater production has been 1,015 AFY, due largely to the availability of SFPUC supplies. Groundwater Basin Boundaries and Hydrology The Westside Basin is the largest groundwater basin in the San Francisco Bay hydrologic region. It is separated from the Lobos Basin to the north by a northwest trending bedrock ridge through 16

19 the northeastern part of Golden Gate Park. The San Bruno Mountains bound the basin on the east. The San Andreas Fault and Pacific Ocean form its western boundary and its southern limit is defined by bedrock high that separates it from the San Mateo Plain Groundwater Basin. The basin opens to the Pacific Ocean on the northwest and San Francisco Bay on the southeast i. Additional information on the basin is given in the DWR Groundwater Bulletin 118, which is included as Appendix D in the SSF District UWMP. The DWR bulletin provides information on: San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region Merced Valley (Westside) Basin Santa Clara Sub-basin Groundwater Basin Number: 2-35 Non-adjudicated Status of Basin SFPUC Proposed Conjunctive Use Westside Basin Groundwater Management Plan SFPUC, Cal Water, San Bruno and Daly City for the past 5 years have been working on developing a conjunctive use plan for managing Westside Basin groundwater. Technical and cost studies were conducted along with extensive hydrogeologic modeling to determine the feasibility of using the basin to store water during above normal hydrologic years so that during drought years, the stored water could be extracted to make up for reductions in SFPUC treated surface water supply. Basin storage would be increased due to three utilities (who normally extract groundwater) not pumping during surplus supply years as a result of receiving more SFPUC water. During drought periods, the three utilities would resume pumping and in addition SFPUC would pump the added stored groundwater from wells it proposes to construct and operate and either feed this water into its transmission mains or the distribution systems of the three utilities. Considerable effort has been expended in the last three years in working on an agreement among the four parties. This conjunctive use plan would help to reduce the severity of drought supply reductions from SFPUC but would not be adequate since total additional pumped supply among the utilities is considerably less than the proposed combine surface water supply reductions. Recycled Water Recycling of wastewater is evaluated by Cal Water in the SSF UWMP. Use of recycled water for non-potable uses (e.g., landscape irrigation) can reduce demands on SFPUC and groundwater supplies. Currently, no recycled water is used in the SSF District. Following is a summary of the potential for future recycling for non-potable uses. Wastewater Collection The North San Mateo County Sanitation District (NSMCSD) treats wastewater from Cal Water s South San Francisco service area communities of Broadmoor and portions of Colma. Communities also within the NSMCSD, but not in Cal Water s service area include Westlake, Westborough County Water District, Daly City, and the San Francisco County Jail. Municipal wastewater is generated in the NSMCSD service area by residential, commercial, and limited industrial sources. NSMCSD owns, operates and maintains its sewer system consisting of gravity sewers and pumping stations. 17

20 South San Francisco and San Bruno own and operate the South San Francisco Water Quality Control Plant (SSFWQCP). Wastewater from Cal Water s South San Francisco service area communities of South San Francisco and Colma is treated at the SSFWQCP. Wastewater from San Bruno and a small portion of Daly City is also treated at the SSFWQCP, but these areas are not within Cal Water s service area. The sewer system includes gravity lines and force mains that combine both wastewater and storm water runoff. The quantity of wastewater generated is proportional to the population and the water use in the service area. For 2008, it is estimated that 3,300 AFY of wastewater flows from Cal Water s South San Francisco District. It is projected to increase to 3,700 AFY in Wastewater Treatment in SSF District Area Wastewater at the North San Mateo Wastewater Treatment Plant (NSMWTP) receives secondary treatment. The NSMWTP can not provide tertiary treatment. NSMWTP design treatment capacity is 10.3 MGD average daily flow but currently receives 6.8 MGD from the North San Mateo County Sanitation District service area. Effluent is discharged to an outfall at Thornton Beach via pipeline. Secondary non-public contact treated water is currently recycled from this plant for irrigation of landscaped medians in Westlake. Recycled water from the NSMWTP is not available to the SSF District service area. Wastewater from the South San Francisco Water Quality Control Plant (SSFWQCP) receives secondary treatment with chlorination and de-chlorination before being discharged to the San Francisco Bay. The SSFWQCP also provides de-chlorination for chlorinated effluent for Burlingame, Millbrae, and San Francisco International Airport. The SSFWQCP has capacity to treat 13 MGD average daily flow (instantaneous peak wet weather flow capacity of 30 mgd) and currently receives 10 MGD from the SSFWQCP service area. The SSFWQCP does not provide recycled water. An assessment of using recycled water from this plant was made by the firm CDM in preparing the Cal Water s Water Supply and Facilities Master Plan for the SSF District and although it was concluded to not be feasible presently, it was recommended that recycling should be re-evaluated in the future. Potential Water Recycling in District South San Francisco has conducted studies to assess the feasibility of developing a recycled water program and is continuing with further investigations to determine capital and operations and maintenance costs associated with various stages of implementation of a water recycling program as well as environmental, institutional, regulatory, and financial issues that must be addressed. NSMCWTP staff has worked on upgrading its treatment facilities to meet Title 22 requirements, i.e., tertiary treatment. Some process improvements have been made. Planned uses for recycled water include irrigation of three golf courses adjacent to the treatment plant and irrigation of local median strips and athletic fields. However, theses golf courses currently use groundwater for irrigation. The golf courses and median strips are not within Cal Water s SSF district service area. In addition, Cal Water s service areas in Broadmoor and Colma are residential communities with no current use for recycled water. It is hoped that potential customers will be served with recycled water from the North San Mateo Wastewater Treatment Plant in the future, but none of these potential customers are within Cal Water s service area. 18

21 Current projected recycled water demand for Cal Water s service area, which is served by NSMWTP through 2030 is 0 acre-feet per year. Cal Water will continue to participate in planning for future recycled water project(s) with South San Francisco, San Bruno and SFPUC and consider supporting a joint feasibility study with Daly City to investigate supplying recycled water to Colma cemeteries. The SSFWQCP will be at capacity in approximately 5 years and any available space will be used to increase capacity. Under current conditions the SSFWQCP does not have plans to provide recycled water at any time in the near future. Desalinated Water Desalination of either brackish groundwater or San Francisco Bay water has been assessed by Cal Water in its December 2010 Integrated Long Term Supply Plan (ILTSP) for its three peninsula districts that are served by the San Francisco Public Utility Commission (SFPUC). It was found to be potentially feasible and the plan recommends proceeding in the near future with more detailed investigations to further develop technical, cost, environmental and permitting information. In addition to technical and cost feasibility studies, desalination treatment facilities require environmental studies and close coordination with local and state agencies. Conservatively, eight years of lead-time may be required from feasibility and environmental studies and permitting to initiation of construction. Currently, there are no desalinated water supplies available. The following is information is summarized from Cal Water s December 2010 Integrated Long Term Supply Plan for the three peninsula districts prepared by the engineering firm CDM. Cal Water Peninsula Districts (3) Des alination Alternatives Location Varies: From SSF to R edwood City - See Figure Intakes Vertical wells (brackis h groundwater) S lant wells (s eawater) Open water (s eawater) Brine Disposal Joint use WWTP outfall New outfall Cargill brine line 19

22 Cal Water Peninsula Districts (3) Des alination Alternatives (continued) Small capacity plants S ub-s urface intake 1 to 10 m gd S im plify perm itting Lower costs and environmental risk Large capacity plants 10 to 20 m gd Open water intake Greater costs and risks F actors Influencing Des alination F eas ibility Yield E xtraction am ounts B rine dis pos al quantities - Hydraulics and NP DE S perm itting Operations Cons iderations Continuous vs intermittent production Degree of facilities redundancy Staffing Approvals E IR adequate water conservation and recycling? P erm itting 20

23 Potential Desalination Plant Intake Locations, and Brine Discharge Locations 21

24 P os s ible L ocations for Des alination T reatm ent F acilities in S S F Dis trict Water Transfer Agreements and Exchanges As indicated in the ILTSP for the three peninsula districts, Cal Water is pursuing water transfer agreements with water agencies in the Central Valley (CV). With the right source and water agency, water could be acquired by Cal Water and transferred to the Tuolumne River Basin for subsequent SFPUC conveyance, treatment and delivery to Cal Water s three peninsula districts. Another option is to acquire water from an agency that is a state water contractor and negotiate a transfer with Department of Water Resources (DWR) for delivery to the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) via the State Water Project (SWP) to the South Bay Aqueduct for transmission, treatment and transfer to Cal Water s Los Altos Suburban District (LAS), which is served by SCVWD. Cal Water could negotiate an exchange with another agency that is served by both SFPUC and SCVWD so that instead of taking SFPUC water, the agency received SCVWD water that is not used by Cal Water. This would help increase groundwater storage in LAS since less groundwater would be pumped under this plan. Another option is for Cal Water to transfer acquired CV supply treated by SCVWD to its Bear Gulch District through a newly constructed pump station and pipeline. Initial transfers amounts of approximately 4,000 to 6,000 AFY would increase SSF district supply since SFPUC supply to the three peninsula districts is treated as a whole, i.e., Cal Water can decide which district receives the added supply credit. Cal Water envisions that it would take 3 to 5 years to develop a water supply transfer agreement and address all planning, environmental and engineering requirements. Purchased Water As previously indicated, Cal Water serves the South San Francisco District, Mid- Peninsula District (San Mateo and San Carlos), and Bear Gulch District (Atherton, Portola Valley, 22

25 Woodside, portions of Menlo Park, and adjacent unincorporated portions of San Mateo County including; West Menlo Park, Ladera, North Fair Oaks, and Menlo Oaks). The major supply for three districts is purchased treated water from SFPUC. The Water Supply Agreement between The City and County of San Francisco and Wholesale Customers in Alameda County, San Mateo County and Santa Clara County (WSA), provides for a 206,106 AFY (184 mgd annual average basis), Supply Guarantee to SFPUC s wholesale customers collectively. This allocation was reached through negotiation in the early 1990s between the SFPUC and Bay Area Water Users Association (BAWUA), the predecessor organization to BAWSCA. Cal Water s Individual Supply Guarantee (ISG) for the three districts is 39,966 AFY (35.68 mgd). The SFPUC can meet the water demands of its retail and wholesale customers in wet and normal years, however; the SFWSA allows the SFPUC to reduce water deliveries during droughts, emergencies, and for scheduled maintenance activities. The SFWSA between the SFPUC and its wholesale customers adopted in July 2009 provides that the SFPUC will determines the available water supply in drought years and call for reductions to deal with these shortages of up to 20% on an average, system-wide basis. The table below taken from the SFWSA identifies various potential levels of supply reductions in terms of share of available supply, percent of available supply and resulting percent reduction faced for SFPUC retail and wholesale customers. A reduction in available supply of greater than 20% would require special negotiation between SFPUC and BAWSCA. SFWSA Interim Water Shortage Allocation Plan - Tier 1 Reduction Rates Level of System Wide Reduction 0% 5% or less 6% to 10% 11 % to 15% 16% to 20% Percent Reduction (1) 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% Interim Supply Limitation (ISL) Wholesale Customers 69.4% 64.5% 64.0% 63.0% 62.5% Share of Available Water (1) Share SFPUC Share 30.6% 35.5% 36.0% 37.0% 37.5% Wholesale Quantity of Available Water Customers ( mgd ) SFPUC Retail Wholesale Percent 0.0% -11.8% -17.0% -22.9% -28.0% Customers Reduction SFPUC from Normal Supply 0.0% 10.3% 6.0% 2.9% -1.9% Retail In the SFWSA, SFPUC has the authority to determine that during a moderate drought (taken here as a dry year ) resulting in an available supply reduction of 5% to 10%, it may cut back deliveries to the wholesale customers of 17% of the wholesale customers collective Individual Supply Guarantee (ISG). Likewise during a severe drought (taken here as multiple dry years ) resulting in an available supply reduction of 11% to 20%, it may cut back deliveries by 28% of the wholesale customers collective ISG amount. 23

26 SFPUC in cooperation with the members of the Bay Area Water Supply and Conservation Agency (BAWSCA) prepared a Water Supply and Facilities Master Plan for the service area, which lead to the Water Supply Improvement Program (WSIP). As a BAWSCA member, Cal Water reviewed 2030 demand projections prepared by BAWSCA and determined the most likely purchase amounts for that time period. Cal Water has and continues to work with SFPUC and BAWSCA in developing SFPUC s Capital Improvement Plan. This has included development of demand projections. Cal Water has reviewed and concurs with SFPUC and BAWSCA s projected service area population, customer water demand, conservation program levels and estimates of supply purchases from the SFPUC. Their projections are consistent with and are within the range of values contained in Cal Water s SSF Urban Water Management Plan; both the currently approved and draft updated versions. Copies of these concurrence statements and the associated values are included in Appendix K of the SSF UWMP. Because SFPUC will not increase the available supply to its wholesale water customers, at least in the foreseeable future, Cal Water developed an Integrated Long Term Supply Plan for its three peninsula districts to meet future growth and droughts. This plan calls for enhanced conservation as mandated by SB7, development of water supply transfers, and investigation of the feasibility of desalinization. During normal or above normal hydrologic conditions and based on water demand forecasts included in the ILTWSP prepared by CDM, Cal Water s three districts as a whole do not need additional supplies through Under normal hydrologic conditions with the SFPUC ISG and 90% of local supply available, Cal Water can meet its projected demand in 2030 for all three peninsula districts. Table 6 shows anticipated supplies versus demand for all three Cal Water peninsula districts under normal hydrologic conditions. Table 6: Normal and One Dry Year Hydrologic Conditions: Supply Vs Demand (3 Peninsula Districts) MGD Demand After Conservation - All Districts SFPUC ISG Local Supply Supply - Demand Combined (1) (1) Demands with projected conservation reductions (Draft Cal Water 2010 UWMP) 24

27 During drought periods when SFPUC intends to reduce its delivered supply, Cal Water must impose additional conservation measures to reduce demands and/or provide new supplemental supplies to offset reduced supply from SFPUC. There are various combinations of supplemental supplies and levels of increased conservation being assessed by Cal Water under the supply reductions planned by SFPUC during drought. Cal Water s experience shows its can achieve an additional 5% - 10% demand reduction through voluntary measures during drought. An additional 5% of demand reduction can be readily achieved through mandatory rationing resulting in a total of 15% additional demand reduction. The amount of additional supplies that need to be developed and provided by Cal Water depends on the drought level and effectiveness of additional conservation and rationing measures. The range of additional supplies required under the two drought conditions (moderate and severe) is presented in Table 7. The demand, supply and reductions quantities included in Table 6 above and Table 7 below; and also discussed below are from early draft updates of the UWMP and from BAWSCA s DRIP. These are reasonably similar but not exactly the same as those included in the versions under consideration for adoption. Table 7: Multiple Dry Year Conditions (Moderate and Severe Drought) Cal Water's 3 Peninsula Districts (mgd) Demand with Conservat ion 17% Reduction of SFPUC Supply 28% Reduction of SFPUC Supply 15% Drought Driven Demand Reductio n Moderate Drought: Net Supply Severe Drought: Net Supply Local Year Supply In 2010, for a 17% SFPUC supply reduction accompanied by an additional 15% drought driven demand reduction, the additional supply required is 1.3 mgd (1,457 AFY). In 2010, for a 28% SFPUC supply reduction accompanied by an additional 15% drought driven demand reduction, the additional supply required is 5.22 mgd (5,852 AFY). In 2020, because Cal Water will have progressively implemented permanent demand reductions as a result of its enhanced conservation program in compliance with SB 7, no additional supply is required for a 17% reduction in SFPUC supply if there is an additional 15% drought driven demand reduction. There would be a net surplus of 1.49 mgd in this case. In 2020, even with the benefits of an enhanced conservation program in compliance with SB 7, and a 15% drought driven demand reduction, the 28% reduction in SFPUC supply results in a shortfall of supply of 2.43 mgd (2,724 AFY). 25

28 In 2030, additional supply requirement is projected to increase again since there is no assumed further increase in water conservation demand reduction. For the 17% SFPUC supply reduction with 15% additional drought driven demand reduction, there is a slight supply surplus of 0.27 mgd (303 AFY). In 2030, for a 28% SFPUC supply reduction with 15% additional drought driven demand reduction, additional supply needed is 3.66 mgd (4,103 AFY). As indicated in Table 7, projected increases in water conservation reduce supply needs between 2010 and 2030 by 1.84 mgd (2,062 AFY). The above SFPUC supply analysis is based on no additional reductions in supply from SFPUC. However, that is not certain since in October 2010 SFPUC advised Cal Water and BAWSCA that newly agreed to fishery flow releases on Alameda Creek (Calaveras Reservoir) and San Mateo Creek (Crystal Springs Reservoir) will reduce the limited SFPUC annual average local supply by an additional 7.4 mgd. This reduction in local supply could have a more significant effect on Cal Water due to the Raker Act which limits Cal Water to local SFPUC supply sources rather than the much larger supply source from the Tuolumne River basin. The potential additional reduction in supply has not been established by the SFPUC. However, it could result in additional SFPUC supply reductions during drought periods and possibly during normal hydrologic conditions. Water Quality Historically and presently, Cal water meets all state and federal water quality regulations. The well field in the SSF District has treatment facilities for removal of iron and manganese ions and blending for nitrates and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). The water purchased from SFPUC has trihalomethane concentrations that can exceed California drinking water standards. To reduce this problem, SFPUC has converted its disinfection system from free chlorine to chloramines. Cal Water has also installed ammonia chemical feed equipment at its well field to accomplish chloramination of well water. The well field is permitted for use only when pumped groundwater is blended with SFPUC water. The need for back-up supply is the most important challenge with respect to water quality. Water Supply Projects Cal Water will continue its annual main replacement program to upgrade and improve the distribution system of the SSF District. Storage facilities and new booster pumps will be added as needed to meet the average day and maximum day requirements. Because growth potential is limited, no major new facilities are currently planned, only replacement of existing facilities. Future capital expenditures are planned for drilling and developing new wells to replace aging wells currently in operation, which will increase system reliability and allow Cal Water to pump its full share of sustainable extracted groundwater from the Westside basin, which Cal Water estimates at 1,500 AFY. Cal Water s SSF Water Supply and Facilities Master Plan includes a capital improvements plan and schedule. 26

29 Water Demand Management Water conservation reduces water supply needs. In addition to Cal Water s existing conservation programs, Cal Water received approval from the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) in December 2010 for expanded SB7 driven programs for This approval increases conservation expenditures in some of its districts by over 700% annually. Expanded conservation programs will enable Cal Water to achieve greater per capita water use reductions as required by SB7. Based on Cal Water s analysis of SB7 requirements, SSF District potable water use is projected to be reduced by 1,393 AF in 2030 compared to the forecasted demand without SB 7 (Table 4). Cal Water is also implementing enhanced water conservation programs in response to the requirements of SB7 in its Bayshore (San Mateo and San Carlos) District and Bear Gulch (part of Menlo Park, Atherton, Woodside, Portola Valley and other areas) District during this period with the same goal to achieve substantial reductions in water demand by During severe drought periods it is likely that further reductions in demand beyond those projected from implementation of the SB7 conservation program will be required. This is shown in Table 7 as a 15% drought driven demand reduction With respect to in-place conservation programs, Cal Water is a member of the California Urban Water Conservation Council (CUWCC). The CUWCC was created to increase efficient water use statewide through partnerships among urban water agencies, public interest organizations, and private entities. The Council's goal is to integrate urban water conservation Best Management Practices (BMP) into the planning and management of California's water resources. Implementation of water conservation BMPs will help limit water demand from customers within the SSF District s service area and reduce water supply requirements. Cal Water submits reports to the CUWCC every two years describing implementation of its conservation best management practices (BMP). The Department of Water Resources (DWR), water utilities, environmental organizations and other interested groups collaboratively developed urban BMPs for conserving water and signed a Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California (MOU) (amended March 9, 2005) to implement these BMPs. The MOU is administered by the CUWCC. As a signatory of the MOU, Cal Water has agreed to implement the BMPs as defined in Exhibit 1 of the MOU that are cost beneficial and complete implementation in accordance with the schedule assigned to each BMP. Table 8 presents the BMPs as defined by the MOU. 27

30 Table 8: Existing Water Conservation Best Management Practices No. BMP Name Water survey programs for single-family residential and multi-family 1 residential connections 2 Residential plumbing retrofit 3 System water audits, leak detection and repair Metering with commodity rates for all new connections and retrofit of 4 existing connections 5 Large landscape conservation programs and incentives 6 High-efficiency washing machine rebate programs 7 Public information programs 8 School education programs 9 Conservation programs for commercial, industrial, and institutional accounts 10 Wholesale agency assistance programs 11 Conservation pricing 12 Conservation coordinator 13 Water waste prohibition 14 Residential ULFT replacement programs Water Demand Reduction Should there be periods of anticipated water supply shortages, Cal Water has in place plans and measures for further reducing customer water demand. This includes if necessary mandatory reductions, rationing, and penalties. As shown in Table 9, Cal Water has a four-stage water demand reduction plan comprised of voluntary and mandatory stages. Approval from the CPUC must be obtained prior to implementation of mandatory restrictions. Supply Shortage Minimum 5-10% Moderate 10-20% Severe 20-35% Critical 35-50% * Mandatory = Allocations Table 9: SSF District Water Demand Reduction Plan Stage Demand Reduction Goal Type of Program Stage 1 10% reduction Voluntary Stage 2 20% reduction Voluntary or Mandatory* Stage 3 35% reduction Mandatory* Stage 4 50% reduction Mandatory* 28

31 The following summarizes the actions to be taken during periods when demand reduction is required: Stage 1 Public information campaign consisting of distribution of literature, speaking engagements, monthly bill inserts, and conservation messages printed in local newspapers (ongoing) Educational programs in area schools (ongoing) Stage 2 More aggressive public information and education programs Requests to consumers to reduce voluntarily water use by 10 to 20 percent or mandatory reductions will be implemented Prior to implementation of mandatory reductions, obtain approval from CPUC Lobby for passage of drought ordinances by appropriate governmental agencies Stage 3 Implement mandatory reductions after receiving approval from CPUC Maintain rigorous public information campaign explaining water shortage conditions. Water use restrictions go into effect; prohibited uses explicitly defined Limiting landscape irrigation by restricting hours of the day and or days of the week during which water for irrigation can be used Monitor production weekly for compliance with necessary reductions Installation of flow restrictors on the service lines of customers who consistently violate water use restrictions Stage 4 All of steps taken in prior stages intensified. Discontinuance of water service for customers consistently violating water use restrictions Monitor production daily for compliance with necessary reductions More restrictive conditions or a prohibition of landscape irrigation Section 357 of the Water Code requires that suppliers that are subject to regulation by the CPUC shall secure its approval before imposing water consumption regulations and restrictions required by water shortages. Water Rights to the SSF District Groundwater Supply Cal Water owns the land on which its wells are located in the SSF District. Under state law, the use of percolating groundwater in California is governed by the doctrine of correlative rights and reasonable use, which gives the overlying property owner a common right to reasonable, beneficial use of the basin supply on the overlying land. The Westside Basin is an unadjudicated groundwater basin. Design, Construction and Operation of OPSP Water Supply Facilities Cal Water will provide the developer of the private development portion of the OPSP with a will serve letter indicating its intention to serve as the water utility for providing water service. A 29

32 complete water system includes distribution system, meters, etc. As planning and design proceed further, Cal Water anticipates working closely with the developer, its engineer, the City of South San Francisco, CA Dept of Public Health and any other agencies that may be involved with the approval of required water supply facilities. Cal Water will review all proposed design drawings and specifications for compliance with state and Cal Water s standards with respect to pipe sizes, valves, materials, etc. and connection to its existing system. Cal Water s SSF District, supported by its engineering, water quality and customer service staff in San Jose, will be responsible for providing ongoing local operations and maintenance services of the water system. SB 610 Section Paragraph (d)(2) requires identification of existing water supply entitlements, water rights, or water service contracts held by the public water system shall be demonstrated by providing information related to all of the following: (A) Written contracts or proof of entitlement to an identified water supply. Proof of entitlement to use of the wells cited as a major supply source to the District is demonstrated by Cal Water s ownership of the property and the wells and its legal right to use the underlying percolated waters. Proof of entitlement to the use of SFPUC treated water are provided in the contracts cited in this document between Cal Water and SFPUC and are available for review. (B) Copies of a capital outlay program for financing the delivery of a water supply system that has been adopted by the public water system. Capital costs for design and construction of the water distribution system within the development site are the responsibility of the developer. The developer will also be responsible for per lot assessment fees in accordance with California Public Utility Commission (CPUC) rules to cover the cost of the water supply. Cal Water s SSF District capital improvement program is separate from and does not include any of the costs associated with the design and construction of the water system for or within the OPSP area. However, upon legal transfer of the completed water system external to the development site to Cal Water by the developer, the water system will be incorporated into Cal Water s capital improvement and maintenance programs. The SSF District Water Supply and Facilities Master Plan provides specific recommendations for water system facility or capital improvements to the year It is Cal Water s intention to update this plan and recommended capital improvements every five years. Federal, state, and local permits for construction of necessary infrastructure associated with delivering the water supply. For any distribution system improvements, the developer will be required to obtain the necessary building permits from the City of South San Francisco. 30

33 It does not appear that additional storage facilities are needed for this project. Were a storage tank required, Cal Water would be responsible for its design and construction and for obtaining a conditional use permit and building permit. The developer would be responsible for direct reimbursement of those costs to Cal Water. Cal Water is highly experienced in preparing applications and obtaining the necessary permits that are needed in order to proceed with design, construction, startup and operation of water distribution facilities. Cal Water is familiar with approvals it must obtain from the City of South San Francisco and California Dept of Public Health. Comparison of Supply and Demand Demand and Supply Comparison for a Normal Hydrologic Year: Table 6 presents a supply and demand comparison for normal hydrologic conditions for all three Cal Water peninsula districts that are served by SFPUC. It demonstrates that the combination of existing local and purchased supplies are adequate to meet forecasted demands for the OPSP and those associated with existing Cal Water customers and all other new developments in the SSF District. Active wells in the SSF District have total capacity of 1,540 AFY. The SSF District had for several years not pumped any groundwater due to Cal Water s participation in a demonstration study for a proposed SFPUC in-lieu groundwater storage program. Hence, Table 5, groundwater production in 2005 is 0 AFY. The total supply capacity of SSF wells is expected to increase slightly over time as new wells are installed. As illustrated in Table 5, the future production of groundwater from 2010 to 2030 will be held at 1500 AFY. Based on historical data, future demand projections, contracted treated water deliveries from SFPUC under normal hydrologic conditions and the mandated SB7 conservation savings are expected to generate a surplus SFPUC supply during the period 2015 to 2030 of between 2.0 and 3.84 MGD. Therefore, Cal Water believes under normal hydrologic conditions supplies will be adequate to meet the projected 20 year demand for the SSF District including OPSP with its forecasted increase of SFPUC supplies, groundwater supplies, increased demand management or conservation. Other supply plan objectives include water transfers and/or desalination of local waters. Demand and Supply Comparison for a Single Dry Year: For a single dry year based on previous experience, Cal Water expects no reduction in SFPUC supplied water. Therefore the total supply available to the three peninsula districts and the SSF district during a single dry year is considered to be the same as for a normal hydrologic year. The same assumption applies to the amount of groundwater that will be pumped, even though it is Cal Water s intention to develop sufficient redundant capacity to extract more water than its average annual pumpage. During a single dry year local surface runoff that feeds the Bear Gulch Reservoir in Cal Water s Bear Gulch District may be reduced. While a single dry year may trigger increased water conservation measures in Cal Water s upgraded conservation program, as shown in Table 6, demand has not been further reduced to reflect those likely changes. 31

34 Demand and Supply Comparison for Multiple Dry Years: As shown in Table 7, SFPUC has indicated that depending on the degree of drought during a multiple dry year period, it proposes to reduce supply to its wholesale customers by 17% for a moderate drought and 28% for a severe drought. During the first year, it is expected that demand and supply might be as indicated in Table 6. In the second and third years, it is expected that Cal Water would implement additional conservation measures to reduce demand by 15% because of SFPUC s probable imposition of a 17% supply reduction requirement. As shown, this would result in a near adequate supply for all three Cal Water peninsula districts in 2015 (minus 120,000 gpd) and a positive supply condition from 2015 to Should SFPUC reduce supply by 28% due to a more severe drought condition and Cal Water has not yet been able to complete development of additional supplies as described previously in this WSA, Cal Water would have a net shortage of supply on average of around 4.0 mgd (4,484 AFY). Under these circumstances, Cal Water might have to implement Stage 3 mandatory reductions to achieve another 11% of drought driven demand reduction (i.e., 4.0 mgd) for a total of 26% drought driven demand reduction. It is assumed here that Westside Basin groundwater supplies would continue to be pumped at current rates even though that would result in a reduction in basin storage and a lowering of groundwater levels. It is also assumed that the local runoff supply that feeds the Bear Gulch Reservoir in Cal Water s Bear Gulch District would under these circumstances be zero. Water Supply Assessment Conclusion Based on: 1. Current Westside Basin groundwater supplies and Cal Water s current and projected groundwater production rates from its active wells, 2. Generally adequate long-term normal hydrologic supplies provided by the SFPUC, but recent significant proposed reductions in supply during moderate and severe droughts, 3. An enhanced demand reduction program to meet requirements of state law SB7 to achieve 20% reduction in supply by 2020, 4. Future Cal Water plans to develop additional supply sources including transfers of supplies from outside the peninsula area and development of local desalination facilities, 5. The prospect of longer term additional local supplies being obtained from SFPUC s proposed conjunctive use program for the Westside Basin, 6. Possible recycled water projects being developed collaboratively among local wastewater and water utilities in the SSF District area, 7. Cal Water s ability to achieve additional drought driven reductions in demand (15% to 26%) during moderate and severe droughts (multiple dry years) through its established in-place water rationing programs, 8. Historical performance which demonstrates Cal Water s ability to both increase supply sources and effectively achieve demand reductions if required, Cal Water s concludes that for the next 20 years, its SSF District will be able to provide adequate water supplies to meet its existing and projected customer demands which includes all four 32

35 phases of the proposed Oyster Point Specific Plan for normal, single dry year and multiple dry year conditions. Cal Water is currently engaged in planning, designing and constructing new water supply projects including wells, groundwater treatment facilities and related distribution and storage facilities so as to increase supply capacity ahead of projected demand growth. The plan is to provide adequate supply capacity to accommodate growth even during dry weather periods that result in reductions in SFPUC surface water deliveries. Implementation Cal Water will provide the developer of OPSP developer with a will serve letter indicating its intention to provide water service after the proposed development is approved by the City of South San Francisco. Cal Water will insure that the required water facilities are designed consistent with the proposed development plan and will coordinate with the developer, its engineer, the City of South San Francisco, and the California Dept of Public Health in the design, construction and operation of the proposed water distribution system. Cal Water will insure compliance with state and city standards with respect to pipe sizes, fire flows, equipment, materials, valves, appurtenances and connection to its system. Cal Water s SSF District supported by its engineering, water quality and customers service staff in San Jose, will be responsible for providing ongoing operations and maintenance services for the constructed water facilities. 33

36 End of WSA Document