Modeling Beams on Elastic Foundations Using Plate Elements in Finite Element Method
|
|
- Frederick Morton
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Modeling Beams on Elastic Foundations Using Plate Elements in Finite Element Method Yun-gang Zhan School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China ABSTRACT Beams on elastic foundations are often encountered in the regions of civil engineering, harbour engineering and railway engineering. Analytical equations for this kind of problem are not complex to be used to analyze regular beams and plates, but they are not suitable for abnormal beams or plates. Finite element code incorporating beam elements on elastic foundation is a better choice for this problem. General-purpose finite element package ABAQUS provide an option of FOUNDATION to model elastic foundation, but it does not support beam elements. In this paper, the application of using plate (shell) element to represent behaviors of beams was verified firstly, and then two numerical examples of beams on elastic foundations were examined by combining plate (shell) element with FOUNDATION option. It is found that this method could be used to analyze this kind of problem without losing accuracy in comparison with analytical results. KEYWORDS: beams on elastic foundations; plate (shell) element; finite element analysis. INTRODUCTION The model of beams on elastic foundations is a simplified method to analyze forces of beam foundations or mat foundations, in which the reaction forces of subsoil are proportional to the deflection of the beam or mat at each point. That is to say, the foundations seem to lie on identical, independent, closely spaced, and linearly elastic springs. The stiffness of these springs, known as modulus of subsoil reaction k 0 [kn/m 2 /m], links intensity of reaction forces on foundation (pressure p) and deflection w, as p = k0 w. This postulate is presented first by Winkler in 1867 and still used in geoengineering designs due to its simplicity. Many simple calculation software or diagrams are formulated to analyze this kind of problems, but most of them are based on thin beam or thin plate theory and can only deal with beams or plates with simple outline, such as straight beam, regular flat plate. Some commercial finite element packages, e.g., SAP, MARC, also incorporate element type of beam on elastic foundation, then beams or plates with complex outline on elastic foundations can be analyzed
2 Vol. 17 [2012], Bund. N 2064 easily and quickly by using them. General-purpose finite element package ABAQUS provides an option of FOUNDATION, which acts like springs to ground and is a simple way of including the stiffness effects of a support (such as the soil under a building) without modeling the details of the support (Abaqus, 2010). This option can be used to simulate elastic foundation by prescribing the foundation stiffness per area. However, this elastic foundation option does not support beam elements, a number of spring elements are often laid under beam to accomplish this type of simulation (Charlton, 2007). This paper presents an alternative method to analysis beams on elastic foundation based on calculation framework of ABAQUS, in which the beam is modeled by plate (shell) element. Its reliableness is verified by two numerical examples comparing with the numerical solutions. BEAM AND PLATE THEORY It is well known that there are two kinds of beam theories: Euler-Bernoulli beam (thin beam) theory and Timoshenko beam (thick beam) theory (Hetenyi, 1950; Hughes, and Cohen, 1978). Figure 1 can illustrate the difference between them. For a beam under transverse loads, Euler- Bernoulli beam assumes that the cross-sectional plane being perpendicular to the neutral axis of the beam remains plane and is still perpendicular to the neutral axis after deformation. Namely, no transverse shearing deformation is taken into account, ϕ = d w/dx. For beams with relatively high cross-sections compared with the beam length subjected to larger shear forces, it is inapplicable to neglect the transverse shear deformation. Timoshenko beam (thick beam) theory relaxes the perpendicular assumption but remains the plane assumption of cross-section plane to consider shear deformation γ xz, i.e. ϕ d w/dx. d w/dx γ xz Z ϕ Neutral axis dx dw X Figure 1: Bending of beam Plate theory, including thin plate theory and thick plate theory, can be viewed as extensions of one-dimensional beam theory to two-dimension space. For thin plate, an assumption referred to as hypothesis of straight normal, which is like what adopted in thin beam theory, is assumed. The normal to the middle plane of plate before bending remains straight and normal to the middle surface during the deformation, and the length of such elements is not altered. This also means that the vertical shear strains at cross section, γ xz andγ yz, are negligible and the normal strain may also be omitted. Thick plate theory takes the assumption which is analogous to that associated with the Timoshenko beam theory, i.e., γ xz 0 and γ 0. yz
3 Vol. 17 [2012], Bund. N 2065 From the above mentioned, one can use plate elements to substitute beam elements in finite element analysis, if the loads and supports are equivalent to that of beams. For example, line loads along cross section of the plate can substitute concentric forces acting on beams, and line loads acting on longitudinal axis of beams can be substituted by surface tractions on the plate. In the following sections, a cantilever beam subjected to concentric force was taken as an example to examine the applicable substitution of beams with plates, and examples of beam on elastic foundation were analyzed and compared with analytical solutions. NUMERICAL EXAMPLE OF BEAM SUBSTITUTED BY PLATE To illustrate that the plate elements reduces to the same behavior as beam elements, a cantilever beam subjected to concentric force, F = 10000kN, shown in Figure 2 was modeled. The elastic modulus of material of beam is 20GPa and Poisson's ratio is 0.3. The numerical model of the beam was established using beam element, plate (shell) element, and continuum element, as presented in Figure 3. F 6.0m 1.6m Figure 2: Cantilever beam 0.8m (a) Beam element (b) Shell element (c) Continuum element Figure 3: Numerical models of cantilever beam The end displacements calculated by analytical and numerical methods are presented in Table 1. It is obviously that the vertical displacements predicted by thick beam or thick plate theory are larger than that calculated by thin beam or thin plate theory, for the effect of shear deformation on displacement is considered. This example clearly indicates that plate (shell) element provided by ABAQUS can model a one-dimensional beam without losing accuracy. Table 1: Vertical end displacement of cantilever beam Analytical result Beam element Plate (shell) element Continuum Euler-Bernoulli Timoshenko Euler-Bernoulli Timoshenko Thin Thick Generalelement beam Beam beam Beam shell shell Purpose shell 0.132m 0.137m 0.132m 0.139m 0.129m 0.138m 0.138m 0.137m
4 Vol. 17 [2012], Bund. N 2066 NUMERICAL EXAMPLES OF BEAMS ON ELASTIC FOUNDATIONS In this section, the option of FOUNDATION and plate (shell) element was used to model beams on elastic foundations. Two examples were analyzed and compared with analytical solutions. Consider a beam on elastic foundation with free ends. The geometrical dimensions loadings are shown in Figure 4. The modulus of elasticity of material of the beam is 20GPa, and the 4 Poisson's ratio is 0.2. The modulus of subsoil is k 0 = kn/m 2 /m. Figure 5 presents the deformed figuration of the beam modeled by plate (shell) elements, which is consistent with analytical prediction (Huang and He, 2005). The maximum vertical displacement occurred at the middle of the beam is 6.44mm, with corresponding bending moment kN m. There are only slight differences between the numerical results and the analytical ones, which are 6.46mm and kN m, separately. 4 q = kpa Example 1 F = 400kN 0.3m 5.0m 5.0m 1.0m Figure 4: Numerical example 1 Figure 5: Deflection of f example 1 Magnified by factor: 100 Example 2 Example 2 is a beam laid on elastic foundations withh 10m in length, 1.1m in width and 0.5m in depth (Parvanova, 2011). Loads that are more complexx were applied on the beam, as shown in Figure 6. The elastic modulus of material of the beam is 30GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is The modulus of subsoil is k 0 = 5 10 kn/m /m. 200kN 100kN m 200kN/ /m 0.5m 1.0m 3.0mm 1.0m 5.0m 1.1m Figure 6: Numerical example 2
5 Vol. 17 [2012], Bund. N 2067 Numerical models based on plate (shell) elements were established to analyze this problem, with thin plate element and thick plate element used separately. However, the results analyzed with these two types of elements have no remarkable difference and the results of thick plate element are presented in the following. The vertical displacements, EIv( x ) obtained by numerical method are compared with analytical results in Figure 7 and they match very well. Figure 8 shows the distribution of bending moment which is consistence with the analytical result. The maximum bending moment predicted by numerical analysis is 163.4kN m, which is 3.3percent lower that of analytical result, 169.1kN m. The bending moments at the 1-m cross section and 5- m cross section away from the left end of beam are kN m and kN m, which are very close to that of analytical solutions, kN m and kN m. Length (m) EIv(x) Analytical solution Numerical solution 1600 Figure 7: Deflection along axis of the beam Figure 8: Distribution of bending moments along axis of the beam SUMMARY In this paper, reduction of thick and thin plate (shell) element to Euler-Bernoulli beam element and Timoshenko beam element was validated by an example of cantilever beam. Then plate (shell) element in conjugated with FOUNDATION option was used to analyze two numerical examples of beams on elastic foundations. Through comparing with numerical solutions, it can be drawn that this method could be used to analyze these kinds of problems without losing accuracy.
6 Vol. 17 [2012], Bund. N 2068 REFERENCES 1. Abaqus, (2010). User s Manual. Version Charlton,Z. I. (2007) Innovative Design Concepts for Insulated Joints, Master thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 3. Hetenyi, M. (1950) A General Solution for The Bending of Beams on an Elastic Foundation of Arbitrary Continuity, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 21(1), Huang, Y. and He, F. S. (2005) Beams, Plates and Shells on Elastic Foundations (in chinese), Science Press of China, Beijing. 5. Hughes,T.J.R. and Cohen, M. (1978) The Heterosis Finite Element for Plate Bending, Computers and Structures, Vol. 9, Parvanova,S. (2011) Lecture notes: Structural Analysis II, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia, Bulgaria ejge
Finite Element Formulation for Plates - Handout 3 -
Finite Element Formulation for Plates - Handout 3 - Dr Fehmi Cirak (fc286@) Completed Version Definitions A plate is a three dimensional solid body with one of the plate dimensions much smaller than the
More informationMETHODS FOR ACHIEVEMENT UNIFORM STRESSES DISTRIBUTION UNDER THE FOUNDATION
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 45-66, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationFinite Element Formulation for Beams - Handout 2 -
Finite Element Formulation for Beams - Handout 2 - Dr Fehmi Cirak (fc286@) Completed Version Review of Euler-Bernoulli Beam Physical beam model midline Beam domain in three-dimensions Midline, also called
More informationOptimum proportions for the design of suspension bridge
Journal of Civil Engineering (IEB), 34 (1) (26) 1-14 Optimum proportions for the design of suspension bridge Tanvir Manzur and Alamgir Habib Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering
More informationNew approaches in Eurocode 3 efficient global structural design
New approaches in Eurocode 3 efficient global structural design Part 1: 3D model based analysis using general beam-column FEM Ferenc Papp* and József Szalai ** * Associate Professor, Department of Structural
More information8.2 Elastic Strain Energy
Section 8. 8. Elastic Strain Energy The strain energy stored in an elastic material upon deformation is calculated below for a number of different geometries and loading conditions. These expressions for
More informationShear Forces and Bending Moments
Chapter 4 Shear Forces and Bending Moments 4.1 Introduction Consider a beam subjected to transverse loads as shown in figure, the deflections occur in the plane same as the loading plane, is called the
More informationMCE380: Measurements and Instrumentation Lab. Chapter 9: Force, Torque and Strain Measurements
MCE380: Measurements and Instrumentation Lab Chapter 9: Force, Torque and Strain Measurements Topics: Elastic Elements for Force Measurement Dynamometers and Brakes Resistance Strain Gages Holman, Ch.
More informationThe elements used in commercial codes can be classified in two basic categories:
CHAPTER 3 Truss Element 3.1 Introduction The single most important concept in understanding FEA, is the basic understanding of various finite elements that we employ in an analysis. Elements are used for
More informationHow To Calculate Tunnel Longitudinal Structure
Calculation and Analysis of Tunnel Longitudinal Structure under Effect of Uneven Settlement of Weak Layer 1,2 Li Zhong, 2Chen Si-yang, 3Yan Pei-wu, 1Zhu Yan-peng School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University
More informationUnit 6 Plane Stress and Plane Strain
Unit 6 Plane Stress and Plane Strain Readings: T & G 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 Paul A. Lagace, Ph.D. Professor of Aeronautics & Astronautics and Engineering Systems There are many structural configurations
More informationEFFICIENT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INDUSTRIAL SHEET METAL BENDING PROCESSES
ECCOMAS Congress 06 VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering M. Papadrakakis, V. Papadopoulos, G. Stefanou, V. Plevris (eds.) Crete Island, Greece, 5 0 June 06
More informationMECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTORIAL 1 STRESSES IN BEAMS DUE TO BENDING. On completion of this tutorial you should be able to do the following.
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTOIAL 1 STESSES IN BEAMS DUE TO BENDING This is the first tutorial on bending of beams designed for anyone wishing to study it at a fairly advanced level. You should judge
More informationEstimation of Adjacent Building Settlement During Drilling of Urban Tunnels
Estimation of Adjacent Building During Drilling of Urban Tunnels Shahram Pourakbar 1, Mohammad Azadi 2, Bujang B. K. Huat 1, Afshin Asadi 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, University Putra Malaysia
More informationObjectives. Experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity and ductility of given materials.
Lab 3 Tension Test Objectives Concepts Background Experimental Procedure Report Requirements Discussion Objectives Experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity
More informationDeflections. Question: What are Structural Deflections?
Question: What are Structural Deflections? Answer: The deformations or movements of a structure and its components, such as beams and trusses, from their original positions. It is as important for the
More informationSection 16: Neutral Axis and Parallel Axis Theorem 16-1
Section 16: Neutral Axis and Parallel Axis Theorem 16-1 Geometry of deformation We will consider the deformation of an ideal, isotropic prismatic beam the cross section is symmetric about y-axis All parts
More informationINTRODUCTION TO BEAMS
CHAPTER Structural Steel Design LRFD Method INTRODUCTION TO BEAMS Third Edition A. J. Clark School of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Part II Structural Steel Design and Analysis
More informationStresses in Beam (Basic Topics)
Chapter 5 Stresses in Beam (Basic Topics) 5.1 Introduction Beam : loads acting transversely to the longitudinal axis the loads create shear forces and bending moments, stresses and strains due to V and
More informationBending Stress in Beams
936-73-600 Bending Stress in Beams Derive a relationship for bending stress in a beam: Basic Assumptions:. Deflections are very small with respect to the depth of the beam. Plane sections before bending
More informationDYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THICK PLATES SUBJECTED TO EARTQUAKE
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THICK PLATES SUBJECTED TO EARTQUAKE ÖZDEMİR Y. I, AYVAZ Y. Posta Adresi: Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 68 Trabzon, TURKEY E-posta: yaprakozdemir@hotmail.com
More informationRecitation #5. Understanding Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
Recitation #5 Understanding Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams Shear force and bending moment are examples of interanl forces that are induced in a structure when loads are applied to that structure.
More informationPlates and Shells: Theory and Computation - 4D9 - Dr Fehmi Cirak (fc286@) Office: Inglis building mezzanine level (INO 31)
Plates and Shells: Theory and Computation - 4D9 - Dr Fehmi Cirak (fc286@) Office: Inglis building mezzanine level (INO 31) Outline -1-! This part of the module consists of seven lectures and will focus
More informationMECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTORIAL 2 SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTORIAL 2 SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS This is the second tutorial on bending of beams. You should judge your progress by completing the self assessment exercises.
More informationAluminium systems profile selection
Aluminium systems profile selection The purpose of this document is to summarise the way that aluminium profile selection should be made, based on the strength requirements for each application. Curtain
More informationDispersion diagrams of a water-loaded cylindrical shell obtained from the structural and acoustic responses of the sensor array along the shell
Dispersion diagrams of a water-loaded cylindrical shell obtained from the structural and acoustic responses of the sensor array along the shell B.K. Jung ; J. Ryue ; C.S. Hong 3 ; W.B. Jeong ; K.K. Shin
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TEST FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BLOCKS
1 th Canadian Masonry Symposium Vancouver, British Columbia, June -5, 013 DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TEST FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BLOCKS Vladimir G. Haach 1, Graça Vasconcelos and Paulo
More informationFinite Element Simulation of Simple Bending Problem and Code Development in C++
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH, VOL. I, ISSUE 6/ SEPEMBER 013 ISSN 86-48, www.euacademic.org IMPACT FACTOR: 0.485 (GIF) Finite Element Simulation of Simple Bending Problem and Code Development in C++ ABDUL
More informationCOMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION USING ABAQUS
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 30 52, Article ID: IJARET_07_02_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijaret/issues.asp?jtype=ijaret&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationProblem 1: Computation of Reactions. Problem 2: Computation of Reactions. Problem 3: Computation of Reactions
Problem 1: Computation of Reactions Problem 2: Computation of Reactions Problem 3: Computation of Reactions Problem 4: Computation of forces and moments Problem 5: Bending Moment and Shear force Problem
More informationFoundation Size Effect on Modulus of Subgrade Reaction on Sandy Soils
Foundation Size Effect on Modulus of Subgrade Reaction on Sandy Soils Aminaton Marto Professor of Faculty of Civil Engineering, University Technology Malaysia (UTM) 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia;
More informationSTRESS AND DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF LINEAR ELASTIC BARS IN TENSION
Chapter 11 STRESS AND DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF LINEAR ELASTIC BARS IN TENSION Figure 11.1: In Chapter10, the equilibrium, kinematic and constitutive equations for a general three-dimensional solid deformable
More informationElasticity Theory Basics
G22.3033-002: Topics in Computer Graphics: Lecture #7 Geometric Modeling New York University Elasticity Theory Basics Lecture #7: 20 October 2003 Lecturer: Denis Zorin Scribe: Adrian Secord, Yotam Gingold
More informationINTERACTION BETWEEN MOVING VEHICLES AND RAILWAY TRACK AT HIGH SPEED
INTERACTION BETWEEN MOVING VEHICLES AND RAILWAY TRACK AT HIGH SPEED Prof.Dr.Ir. C. Esveld Professor of Railway Engineering TU Delft, The Netherlands Dr.Ir. A.W.M. Kok Associate Professor of Railway Engineering
More informationNumerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck
7th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering 2008 September 10-13, Universität Stuttgart, Germany Numerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck Noémi Seres
More informationOptimising plate girder design
Optimising plate girder design NSCC29 R. Abspoel 1 1 Division of structural engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands ABSTRACT: In the design of steel plate girders a high degree
More informationImpacts of Tunnelling on Ground and Groundwater and Control Measures Part 1: Estimation Methods
Impacts of Tunnelling on Ground and Groundwater and Control Measures Part 1: Estimation Methods Steve Macklin Principal Engineering Geologist GHD Melbourne 1. Introduction, scope of Part 1 2. Terminology
More informationShell Elements in ABAQUS/Explicit
ABAQUS/Explicit: Advanced Topics Appendix 2 Shell Elements in ABAQUS/Explicit ABAQUS/Explicit: Advanced Topics A2.2 Overview ABAQUS/Explicit: Advanced Topics ABAQUS/Explicit: Advanced Topics A2.4 Triangular
More informationNumerical and Experimental Analysis of a Cantilever Beam: a Laboratory Project to Introduce Geometric Nonlinearity in Mechanics of Materials*
Int. J. Engng Ed. Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 885±892, 2003 0949-149X/91 $3.00+0.00 Printed in Great Britain. # 2003 TEMPUS Publications. Numerical and Experimental Analysis of a Cantilever Beam: a Laboratory
More informationIn-situ Load Testing to Evaluate New Repair Techniques
In-situ Load Testing to Evaluate New Repair Techniques W.J. Gold 1 and A. Nanni 2 1 Assistant Research Engineer, Univ. of Missouri Rolla, Dept. of Civil Engineering 2 V&M Jones Professor, Univ. of Missouri
More informationStress Strain Relationships
Stress Strain Relationships Tensile Testing One basic ingredient in the study of the mechanics of deformable bodies is the resistive properties of materials. These properties relate the stresses to the
More informationEDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS NQF LEVEL 3 OUTCOME 1 - LOADING SYSTEMS TUTORIAL 3 LOADED COMPONENTS
EDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIICATE/DIPLOMA MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS NQ LEVEL 3 OUTCOME 1 - LOADING SYSTEMS TUTORIAL 3 LOADED COMPONENTS 1. Be able to determine the effects of loading in static engineering
More informationBack to Elements - Tetrahedra vs. Hexahedra
Back to Elements - Tetrahedra vs. Hexahedra Erke Wang, Thomas Nelson, Rainer Rauch CAD-FEM GmbH, Munich, Germany Abstract This paper presents some analytical results and some test results for different
More informationModule 1 : Conduction. Lecture 5 : 1D conduction example problems. 2D conduction
Module 1 : Conduction Lecture 5 : 1D conduction example problems. 2D conduction Objectives In this class: An example of optimization for insulation thickness is solved. The 1D conduction is considered
More informationThe Basics of FEA Procedure
CHAPTER 2 The Basics of FEA Procedure 2.1 Introduction This chapter discusses the spring element, especially for the purpose of introducing various concepts involved in use of the FEA technique. A spring
More informationBending, Forming and Flexing Printed Circuits
Bending, Forming and Flexing Printed Circuits John Coonrod Rogers Corporation Introduction: In the printed circuit board industry there are generally two main types of circuit boards; there are rigid printed
More informationMATERIALS AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS. Edited by: EH. (Sam) Froes and S.J. Haake. Dynamics
MATERIALS AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS Edited by: EH. (Sam) Froes and S.J. Haake Dynamics Analysis of the Characteristics of Fishing Rods Based on the Large-Deformation Theory Atsumi Ohtsuki, Prof, Ph.D. Pgs.
More informationIntroduction to Solid Modeling Using SolidWorks 2012 SolidWorks Simulation Tutorial Page 1
Introduction to Solid Modeling Using SolidWorks 2012 SolidWorks Simulation Tutorial Page 1 In this tutorial, we will use the SolidWorks Simulation finite element analysis (FEA) program to analyze the response
More informationModule 2. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Matrix Force Method. Version 2 CE IIT, Kharagpur
Module Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Matrix Force Method esson 11 The Force Method of Analysis: Frames Instructional Objectives After reading this chapter the student will be able
More information3 Concepts of Stress Analysis
3 Concepts of Stress Analysis 3.1 Introduction Here the concepts of stress analysis will be stated in a finite element context. That means that the primary unknown will be the (generalized) displacements.
More informationFUNDAMENTAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
FUNDAMENTAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS With Mathematica and MATLAB Computations M. ASGHAR BHATTI WILEY JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. CONTENTS OF THE BOOK WEB SITE PREFACE xi xiii 1 FINITE ELEMENT
More informationDESIGN OF SLABS. 3) Based on support or boundary condition: Simply supported, Cantilever slab,
DESIGN OF SLABS Dr. G. P. Chandradhara Professor of Civil Engineering S. J. College of Engineering Mysore 1. GENERAL A slab is a flat two dimensional planar structural element having thickness small compared
More informationDesign of Steel Structures Prof. S.R.Satish Kumar and Prof. A.R.Santha Kumar
Problem 1 Design a hand operated overhead crane, which is provided in a shed, whose details are: Capacity of crane = 50 kn Longitudinal spacing of column = 6m Center to center distance of gantry girder
More informationMECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 4 - COMPLEMENTARY SHEAR STRESS
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS - BEAMS TUTORIAL TUTORIAL 4 - COMPLEMENTARY SHEAR STRESS This the fourth and final tutorial on bending of beams. You should judge our progress b completing the self assessment exercises.
More informationStructural Integrity Analysis
Structural Integrity Analysis 1. STRESS CONCENTRATION Igor Kokcharov 1.1 STRESSES AND CONCENTRATORS 1.1.1 Stress An applied external force F causes inner forces in the carrying structure. Inner forces
More informationSLAB DESIGN. Introduction ACI318 Code provides two design procedures for slab systems:
Reading Assignment SLAB DESIGN Chapter 9 of Text and, Chapter 13 of ACI318-02 Introduction ACI318 Code provides two design procedures for slab systems: 13.6.1 Direct Design Method (DDM) For slab systems
More informationTechnical Notes 3B - Brick Masonry Section Properties May 1993
Technical Notes 3B - Brick Masonry Section Properties May 1993 Abstract: This Technical Notes is a design aid for the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402-92) and Specifications
More informationENGINEERING COUNCIL CERTIFICATE LEVEL
ENGINEERING COUNCIL CERTIICATE LEVEL ENGINEERING SCIENCE C103 TUTORIAL - BASIC STUDIES O STRESS AND STRAIN You should judge your progress by completing the self assessment exercises. These may be sent
More informationLap Fillet Weld Calculations and FEA Techniques
Lap Fillet Weld Calculations and FEA Techniques By: MS.ME Ahmad A. Abbas Sr. Analysis Engineer Ahmad.Abbas@AdvancedCAE.com www.advancedcae.com Sunday, July 11, 2010 Advanced CAE All contents Copyright
More informationHigher order beam finite elements with only displacement degrees of freedom
Higher order beam finite elements with only displacement degrees of freedom Erasmo Carrera 1, Marco Petrolo 1, Christian Wenzel 1, Gaetano Giunta 1,2, Salim Belouettar 2 1 Aeronautics and Space Engineering
More informationSIMPLE ANALYSIS OF FRAMED-TUBE STRUCTURES WITH MULTIPLE INTERNAL TUBES
SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF FRAMED-TUBE STRUCTURES WITH MULTIPLE INTERNAL TUBES By Kang-Kun Lee, Yew-Chaye Loo 2, and Hong Guan 3 ABSTRACT: Framed-tube system with multiple internal tubes is analysed using an orthotropic
More informationDesign Analysis and Review of Stresses at a Point
Design Analysis and Review of Stresses at a Point Need for Design Analysis: To verify the design for safety of the structure and the users. To understand the results obtained in FEA, it is necessary to
More informationMechanics of Materials. Chapter 4 Shear and Moment In Beams
Mechanics of Materials Chapter 4 Shear and Moment In Beams 4.1 Introduction The term beam refers to a slender bar that carries transverse loading; that is, the applied force are perpendicular to the bar.
More informationDESIGN OF SLABS. Department of Structures and Materials Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
DESIGN OF SLABS Department of Structures and Materials Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Introduction Types of Slab Slabs are plate elements
More informationSolid Mechanics. Stress. What you ll learn: Motivation
Solid Mechanics Stress What you ll learn: What is stress? Why stress is important? What are normal and shear stresses? What is strain? Hooke s law (relationship between stress and strain) Stress strain
More informationDevelopment of Membrane, Plate and Flat Shell Elements in Java
Development of Membrane, Plate and Flat Shell Elements in Java by Kaushalkumar Kansara Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University In partial fulfillment of
More informationStructural Axial, Shear and Bending Moments
Structural Axial, Shear and Bending Moments Positive Internal Forces Acting Recall from mechanics of materials that the internal forces P (generic axial), V (shear) and M (moment) represent resultants
More informationMECHANICAL PRINCIPLES HNC/D PRELIMINARY LEVEL TUTORIAL 1 BASIC STUDIES OF STRESS AND STRAIN
MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES HNC/D PRELIMINARY LEVEL TUTORIAL 1 BASIC STUDIES O STRESS AND STRAIN This tutorial is essential for anyone studying the group of tutorials on beams. Essential pre-requisite knowledge
More informationReliable FE-Modeling with ANSYS
Reliable FE-Modeling with ANSYS Thomas Nelson, Erke Wang CADFEM GmbH, Munich, Germany Abstract ANSYS is one of the leading commercial finite element programs in the world and can be applied to a large
More informationModule 7 (Lecture 24 to 28) RETAINING WALLS
Module 7 (Lecture 24 to 28) RETAINING WALLS Topics 24.1 INTRODUCTION 24.2 GRAVITY AND CANTILEVER WALLS 24.3 PROPORTIONING RETAINING WALLS 24.4 APPLICATION OF LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE THEORIES TO DESIGN 24.5
More informationModule 5 (Lectures 17 to 19) MAT FOUNDATIONS
Module 5 (Lectures 17 to 19) MAT FOUNDATIONS Topics 17.1 INTRODUCTION Rectangular Combined Footing: Trapezoidal Combined Footings: Cantilever Footing: Mat foundation: 17.2 COMMON TYPES OF MAT FOUNDATIONS
More informationBehaviour of buildings due to tunnel induced subsidence
Behaviour of buildings due to tunnel induced subsidence A thesis submitted to the University of London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and for the Diploma of the Imperial College of Science, Technology
More informationLaterally Loaded Piles
Laterally Loaded Piles 1 Soil Response Modelled by p-y Curves In order to properly analyze a laterally loaded pile foundation in soil/rock, a nonlinear relationship needs to be applied that provides soil
More informationFinite Element Method (ENGC 6321) Syllabus. Second Semester 2013-2014
Finite Element Method Finite Element Method (ENGC 6321) Syllabus Second Semester 2013-2014 Objectives Understand the basic theory of the FEM Know the behaviour and usage of each type of elements covered
More informationANALYSIS OF GASKETED FLANGES WITH ORDINARY ELEMENTS USING APDL CONTROL
ANALYSIS OF GASKETED FLANGES WITH ORDINARY ELEMENTS USING AP... Page 1 of 19 ANALYSIS OF GASKETED FLANGES WITH ORDINARY ELEMENTS USING APDL CONTROL Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata, Toyo Engineering Corporation,
More informationStrip Flatness Prediction in a 4 High Tandem Mill Using a Dynamic Model.
Strip Flatness Prediction in a 4 High Tandem Mill Using a Dynamic Model. M. A. Bello-Gomez 1, M. P. Guerrero-Mata 1, L. A. Leduc Lezama 1, T. P. Berber- Solano 1, L. Nieves 2, F. Gonzalez 2, H. R. Siller
More informationBEAMS: SHEAR FLOW, THIN WALLED MEMBERS
LECTURE BEAMS: SHEAR FLOW, THN WALLED MEMBERS Third Edition A. J. Clark School of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 15 Chapter 6.6 6.7 by Dr. brahim A. Assakkaf SPRNG 200 ENES
More informationENGINEERING SCIENCE H1 OUTCOME 1 - TUTORIAL 3 BENDING MOMENTS EDEXCEL HNC/D ENGINEERING SCIENCE LEVEL 4 H1 FORMERLY UNIT 21718P
ENGINEERING SCIENCE H1 OUTCOME 1 - TUTORIAL 3 BENDING MOMENTS EDEXCEL HNC/D ENGINEERING SCIENCE LEVEL 4 H1 FORMERLY UNIT 21718P This material is duplicated in the Mechanical Principles module H2 and those
More informationChapter 5 Bridge Deck Slabs. Bridge Engineering 1
Chapter 5 Bridge Deck Slabs Bridge Engineering 1 Basic types of bridge decks In-situ reinforced concrete deck- (most common type) Pre-cast concrete deck (minimize the use of local labor) Open steel grid
More informationSolved with COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3
Vibrating String Introduction In the following example you compute the natural frequencies of a pre-tensioned string using the 2D Truss interface. This is an example of stress stiffening ; in fact the
More informationHow To Write An Analysis System For Bridge Test
Study of Analysis System for Bridge Test Chen Ke, Lu Jian-Ming, Research Institute of Highway, 100088, Beijing, China (chenkezi@163.com, lujianming@263.net) Summary Analysis System for Bridge Test (Chinese
More informationA Case Study Comparing Two Approaches for Applying Area Loads: Tributary Area Loads vs Shell Pressure Loads
1 A Case Study Comparing Two Approaches for Applying Area Loads: Tributary Area Loads vs Shell Pressure Loads By Dr. Siriwut Sasibut (Application Engineer) S-FRAME Software Inc. #1158 13351 Commerce Parkway
More informationCLASSIFICATION BOUNDARIES FOR STIFFNESS OF BEAM-TO- COLUMN JOINTS AND COLUMN BASES
Nordic Steel Construction Conference 2012 Hotel Bristol, Oslo, Norway 5-7 September 2012 CLASSIFICATION BOUNDARIES FOR STIFFNESS OF BEAM-TO- COLUMN JOINTS AND COLUMN BASES Ina Birkeland a,*, Arne Aalberg
More informationHøgskolen i Narvik Sivilingeniørutdanningen
Høgskolen i Narvik Sivilingeniørutdanningen Eksamen i Faget STE66 ELASTISITETSTEORI Klasse: 4.ID Dato: 7.0.009 Tid: Kl. 09.00 1.00 Tillatte hjelpemidler under eksamen: Kalkulator Kopi av Boken Mechanics
More informationTHE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN METHODS FOR REINFORCED AND UNREINFORCED MASONRY BASEMENT WALLS J.J. ROBERTS
THE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN METHODS FOR REINFORCED AND UNREINFORCED MASONRY BASEMENT WALLS J.J. ROBERTS Technical Innovation Consultancy Emeritus Professor of Civil Engineering Kingston University, London.
More informationMiss S. S. Nibhorkar 1 1 M. E (Structure) Scholar,
Volume, Special Issue, ICSTSD Behaviour of Steel Bracing as a Global Retrofitting Technique Miss S. S. Nibhorkar M. E (Structure) Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering
More informationDesign of Steel Structures Prof. S.R.Satish Kumar and Prof. A.R.Santha Kumar. Fig. 7.21 some of the trusses that are used in steel bridges
7.7 Truss bridges Fig. 7.21 some of the trusses that are used in steel bridges Truss Girders, lattice girders or open web girders are efficient and economical structural systems, since the members experience
More informationThe University of Birmingham (Live System)
The University of Birmingham (Live System) Behaviour of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) under both short-term and long-term loadings Yang, Jian; Rungthonkit, Prathan Document Version Author final version
More informationAn Overview of the Finite Element Analysis
CHAPTER 1 An Overview of the Finite Element Analysis 1.1 Introduction Finite element analysis (FEA) involves solution of engineering problems using computers. Engineering structures that have complex geometry
More informationAdvanced Structural Analysis. Prof. Devdas Menon. Department of Civil Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Module - 5.3.
Advanced Structural Analysis Prof. Devdas Menon Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Module - 5.3 Lecture - 29 Matrix Analysis of Beams and Grids Good morning. This is
More informationSTUDY OF DAM-RESERVOIR DYNAMIC INTERACTION USING VIBRATION TESTS ON A PHYSICAL MODEL
STUDY OF DAM-RESERVOIR DYNAMIC INTERACTION USING VIBRATION TESTS ON A PHYSICAL MODEL Paulo Mendes, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Portugal Sérgio Oliveira, Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia
More informationCAE -Finite Element Method
16.810 Engineering Design and Rapid Prototyping Lecture 3b CAE -Finite Element Method Instructor(s) Prof. Olivier de Weck January 16, 2007 Numerical Methods Finite Element Method Boundary Element Method
More informationAN EXPLANATION OF JOINT DIAGRAMS
AN EXPLANATION OF JOINT DIAGRAMS When bolted joints are subjected to external tensile loads, what forces and elastic deformation really exist? The majority of engineers in both the fastener manufacturing
More informationIntroduction to Plates
Chapter Introduction to Plates Plate is a flat surface having considerabl large dimensions as compared to its thickness. Common eamples of plates in civil engineering are. Slab in a building.. Base slab
More informationP4 Stress and Strain Dr. A.B. Zavatsky MT07 Lecture 3 Statically Indeterminate Structures
4 Stress and Strain Dr... Zavatsky MT07 ecture 3 Statically Indeterminate Structures Statically determinate structures. Statically indeterminate structures (equations of equilibrium, compatibility, and
More informationSheet metal operations - Bending and related processes
Sheet metal operations - Bending and related processes R. Chandramouli Associate Dean-Research SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613 401 Table of Contents 1.Quiz-Key... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.Bending
More informationANALYSIS OF A LAP JOINT FRICTION CONNECTION USING HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS
Nordic Steel Construction Conference 212 Hotel Bristol, Oslo, Norway 5-7 September 212 ANALYSIS OF A LAP JOINT FRICTION CONNECTION USING HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS Marouene Limam a, Christine Heistermann a and
More information820446 - ACMSM - Computer Applications in Solids Mechanics
Coordinating unit: 820 - EUETIB - Barcelona College of Industrial Engineering Teaching unit: 737 - RMEE - Department of Strength of Materials and Structural Engineering Academic year: Degree: 2015 BACHELOR'S
More informationLecture L3 - Vectors, Matrices and Coordinate Transformations
S. Widnall 16.07 Dynamics Fall 2009 Lecture notes based on J. Peraire Version 2.0 Lecture L3 - Vectors, Matrices and Coordinate Transformations By using vectors and defining appropriate operations between
More information