The entec Cross Flow Turbine T15

Transcription

1 entec Head Office: St. Gallen - Switzerland Tel: , Fax: E-ail: [email protected] -- Web: The entec Cross Flow Turbine T15 The optial turbine solution for sall plants with ediu flow and head entec Consulting & Engineering. Version 063e

2 Cross Flow Turbines since 1925 In 1925, Donat Banki received a patent in Budapest for his BANKI turbine. This turbine applied the cross flow principle, where a free jet traverses a cylindrical runner in vertical direction to the turbine shaft. The runner can easily be adapted to the flow, by changing the width. This is a big advantage, because it is easy to build "tailorade" turbines for specified sites. The siple design allows good standardisation and anufacturing without sophisticated anufacturing facilities. The costs are low copared with other turbine designs. For this reason, the Cross Flow Turbine (CFT) successfully conquered the arket in industrialised as well as in less developed countries. Manufacturers started already in the Seventies to develop and build this turbine and entec personnel supported these activities with know-how inputs. Most successful so far were initiatives in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Peru, where the well known T3, T8 and T12 turbines were developed, tested and built, based on a series of earlier odels. Nowadays nuerous turbines are anufactured in these countries. T15: A new Cross Flow design developed by Entec The present iproved turbine generation, the T15 Turbine, is based on a consequent optiising process conducted over any years. Nuerous coputer based odifications of the hydraulic profile were epirically tested in the laboratory of the Institute for Hydraulic Machines of Stuttgart University. The test turbine of 29 kw had a runner diaeter of 300, and the sophisticated easuring facilities guarantee for reliable results. The achieved iproveents were the basis for the redesign of the turbine. Three odels, with the standard diaeter of 300 and runner diaeters of 400 and 500, for larger flows at low head, were developed. It is now possible, even with the liitation of siple production ethods, to build very reliable and long lasting turbines with copetitive high efficiency. Big efforts were ade to reach a good part load efficiency. With only 20% of the rated flow, the efficiency is still over 50%. This allows to reduce costs, because a single cell CFT will be sufficient in the ajority of the applications. Double cell CFT s have two independent guide vanes, and require two regulation devices as well, which increases cost. T15 turbine anufactured under license in Indonesia 2

3 Properties of the T15 Cross Flow Turbine The achine has a welded housing ade fro quality steel, rigid enough to withstand high operational stress and to enable a sooth operation. The design and the hydraulic layout result in iniised vibrations and noise level. Special care was taken in the layout of the ain bearings for the runner and the guide vane. The casing is designed in such a way that different options for the bearing syste are available to cope with the specific site requireents, like flywheel or belt drive. A sealing syste (contact free or conventional type) is integrated in the side flanges. The guide vane unit can easily be taken out through a side flange for inspection, cleaning or replaceent. To obtain the guaranteed efficiency, the cylindrical runner is fabricated with high precision. The side discs are laser cut so that the entire runner cross section and blade positions are well defined. The runner blades, representing the secret of the exceptional output perforance, consist of an optiised bright drawn steel profile, anufactured to our rigorous specifications. If the turbine ust be positioned considerably above the tail race water level (e.g. due to flood risk), a draft tube ay be added to prevent loss of head. As the cross flow turbine is a free jet turbine, an autoatic snifter valve is integrated in the draft tube to control the tail water level. Testing in the laboratory established iproved efficiency 3

4 Efficiency of T15 Turbines Efficiency Flow (Q/Qax) Efficiency diagra of odel turbine in the Stuttgart laboratory (bearing losses included) The efficiencies shown are in odel tests on the 29 kw odel turbine. The reference efficiency curve was recorded for 15 kw noinal power. Under other hydraulic operating conditions (higher output and wider runner) the efficiency ay reach 80% or even ore, using standard upgrading rules. Efficiency upgrade as a function of specific speed: ns = nt * sqrt (Pt) / Ht ^

5 Runner adjustent in Indonesia 100 kw turbine anufactured under license in Indonesia 5

6 Application Range of the T Application Liits T b0= Coupling on on Turbine turbine shaft Shaft b0= kW Reinforced Not possible design for needed T b0=400 net head H () 30.0 b0=50 30kW 50kW 75kW P= 100kW 125kW b0= b0=100 20kW 40k W 10kW 10.0 Belt Flat drive Belt on Turbine Shaft b0=500 b0= Discharge Q (l/s) 6

7 Application Range of the T b0=200 b0=300 b0=400 b0=500 b0= b0=100 net head H () Belt drive 30kW Coupling on turbine Coupling shafton turbine shaft 125kW 250 kw Reinforced design needed b0= k W 50k W 75kW P= 100kW 200 kw 150kW 300 kw b0=1000 b0=1100 b0=1250 b0= Discharge Q (l/s) 7

8 Contacts Switzerland (head office): entec Consulting & Engineering St. Leonhardstr. 59, 9000 St. Gallen Switzerland phone fax e-ail web Thailand: ENVIMA (Thailand) Co., Ltd TPS Bldg., 4th Floor, Pattanakarn Road, Suan Luang, Bangkok Thailand phone +66 (0) fax +66 (0) e-ail [email protected] Laos: Sunlabob Rural Energy Systes Co., Ltd P.O.Box 9077, Vientiane / Lao PDR phone +856 (21) fax +856 (21) e-ail [email protected] Vietna: entec Vietna Roo 101, 18 Tran Hung Dao Str., Hanoi Vietna phone +84 (4) ext 3014 or 3060 fax +84 (4) e-ail [email protected] Indonesia: pt. entec Indonesia Jl. Cisatu 193, Ciubuleuit, Bandung Indonesia phone +62 (22) fax +62 (22) e-ail [email protected] Nepal: entec Kathandu P.O. Box 1457, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Nepal phone +977 (1) /...68 /...69 fax +977 (1) e-ail [email protected] Malaysia: entechydro Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., Soon Hup Tower, Unit 2, Level 3, Jalan Maju, Miri, Sarawak Malaysia phone +60 (85) fax +60 (85) e-ail [email protected] Tajikistan: Entec Tajikistan Center for Developent of Oil and Gas Industry, 3 rd Floor, 77 Mushfiki Street, Dushanbe, Tajikistan phone fax e-ail [email protected]