L Aquila Earthquake in Italy

Transcription

1 L Aquila Earthquake in Italy Gian Paolo Cimellaro Assistant professor, Department of Structural and Geotechnical engineering, Politecnico di Torino April 15, 2009 Room 140

2 Outline geology at the site of L Aquila Seismic zonation Emergency response Damage to recent buildings (masonry and RC) Damage to critical facilities Damage to historical monuments

3 L Aquila L Aquila was built around 1240 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II Town of the 99 fountains, 99 squares and 99 churches. The town of habitants completely abandoned. The entire city has been moved of 15 cm.

4 Numbers of the Earthquake 294 deaths of which 20 are kids 1000 people injured 29000homeless 3674 tents with 39 camp kitchens 8500 volunteers persons in 139 hotels of the coast 1680 persons in private houses

5 Location

6 Location

7 Records of the event The RAN (Rete accelerometrica nazionale) consists of 388 instruments installed in all the italian territory with higher risk; The records of the event are available on the MCEER website starting from the first shock of 6.3 Mw;

8 Map of seismic stations

9 Seismic Stations

10 Seismic Stations

11 Aftershocks 3 2 1

12 Map of shocks

13 Towns affected Towns between 10 and 20km Towns within10km L'AQUILA (AQ) LUCOLI (AQ) SCOPPITO (AQ) TORNIMPARTE (AQ) BORGOROSE (RI) BARETE (AQ) CAGNANO AMITERNO (AQ) CAPITIGNANO (AQ) FOSSA (AQ) OCRE (AQ) PIZZOLI (AQ) ROCCA DI CAMBIO (AQ) SANT'EUSANIO FORCONESE (AQ)

14 Seismic hazard Map

15 Map of seismic hazard

16 Fault location in Italy

17 Geological section of mountain Gran Sasso in the center of Italy

18 LNGS laboratory

19 The Radon ( Z=86 ) belong to the 8 th group of the periodic Table of Mendeleev

20 RADON in the rocks The heterogeneous distribution of the progenitors of radon in different types of rocks results in production of non-uniform radon. The major concentrations of Radon are in the Point-of-rise of rock material from the mantle to the crust.

21 Radon and Earthquakes The rise and lowering of the ground before, during and after an earthquake producing variations of the emission of radon gas in soils and groundwater. The gases, particularly carbon dioxide and radon, are the components present in water which gave the most frequent manifestations of anomalies associated with earthquakes in various parts of the world.

22 Radon and Earthquakes Experimental Observations Before the disastrous earthquakes in Tashkent in 1966 and 1967, Rn anomalies were recorded in deep wells of a wide area around the epicentral area; Many records of Rn anomalies were recorded during earthquakes in the fault of Sant'Andreas in the 70; Changes in radon concentration of the atmosphere has been observed before the earthquake of 1995 in Kobe; Increments in the concentrations of radon in the epicentral region during 1980 Earthquake in Irpinia, Italy has been observed;

23 Radon and Vulcano The continuous monitoring of Radon is also useful for monitoring volcanic activity. An interesting change of Radon concentration has been recorded at Vulcano in 1981 due to increased pressure in depth associated with magmatic intrusion. Similar changes were recorded in the largest volcanic complexes (Hawaii, Piton de la Fournaise, Etna, El Chicon, Campi Flegrei etc.)

24 Peak of Gas Radon

25 Emergency Response

26 Immediate response 3:35am they activate the response 4:15am The operative committee meet and send the first team 6:30am the team of the Civil protection reach the site of the earthquake 9:30am volunteers mobilization 13:00 Conference of the Prime Minister

27 Emergency response Persons in hotels along the coast

28 Operative center Emergency response

29 Tents in L Aquila

30 Tents in the montain

31 Road network Highway Teramo-L Aquila interrupted Trucks drive through local roads

32 Video of Areal View of damage Castelnuovo Fossa L Aquila-Churches L Aquila-new buildings

33 Damage in L Aquila

34 Masonry building in Via XX Settembre

35 Diagonal cracks on the first floor

36 Damage in Via Garibaldi

37 Detail in Via Garibaldi

38 Damage in Via Vicentini

39 Collapse of a Reinforced concrete building

40 Longitudinal Smooth rebar of a beam

41 Hotel Duca degli Abruzzi Hotel Duca degli Abruzzi

42 Interior of some Apartments

43 Interior of some Apartments

44 Interior of some Apartments

45 Interior of some Apartments

46 Interior of some Apartments

47 Interior of some Apartments

48 Interior of some Apartments

49 Interior of some Apartments

50 Damage to recent buildings Recent buildings

51 Three story reinforced concrete building

52 Three story reinforced concrete building

53 Three story reinforced concrete building

54 Four story reinforced concrete building

55 Damage to infill walls

56 Out of plane damage to infill walls

57 Damage of composite barrier walls

58 Details of damaged infill walls

59 Irregular building

60 Irregular building

61 Beam-column joint

62 Damage to Reinforced concrete columns

63 Damage to columns

64 Damage to columns

65 Damage due to compression

66 Stairs

67 Damage to critical facilities

68 Caserma of Carabinieri

69 Prison of L Aquila evacuated

70 Prefettura of L Aquila

71 Prefettura of L Aquila

72 House dorm of the University

73 House dorm of the University

74 House dorm of the University House Dorm

75 House dorm of the University

76 San Salvatore Hospital

77 San Salvatore hospital The hospital construction started in 1974 and ended in 1987 and it was inaugurated in He was a reinforced concrete building. It cost 9 times more than estimated Three exterior marginal columns were damaged. Majority of damage are in the partition walls. Suspended ceiling system collapsed VIDEO

78 San Salvatore Hospital

79 San Salvatore Hospital

80 San Salvatore Hospital

81 San Salvatore Hospital

82 San Salvatore Hospital

83 San Salvatore Hospital-Interior

84 San Salvatore Hospital-interior

85 San Salvatore Hospital

86 San Salvatore Hospital

87 Camp hospital

88 Damage to historical monuments (churches, palaces, castles etc.)

89 Church of Anime Sante

90 Church of delle Anime Sante

91 Church of Anime Sante

92 Church of Anime Sante

93 Church of Anime Sante

94 Basilica San Bernardino

95 Church of San Peter

96 Church of Santa Maria of Paganica

97 Church Santa Maria of Paganica Video

98 Palazzo Ardigelli

99 Piazza Chiarino

100 Castle of L Aquila

101

102 Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio (L Aquila)

103 Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio (L Aquila) Interior

104 Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio (L Aquila)

105 Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio (L Aquila)

106 Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio (L Aquila)

107 Recovery of remains of Celestino V

108 Damage in Villa Sant Angelo

109 Villa Sant Angelo (L Aquila) Town totally abandon with 17 deaths

110 Road in Villa Sant Angelo (L Aquila)

111 Villa Sant Angelo (L Aquila) Chiesa di San Michele Arcangelo

112 Villa Sant Angelo (L Aquila) Chiesa di San Michele Arcangelo

113 Damage in San Gregorio

114 Road in San Gregorio

115 Road in San Gregorio

116 San Gregorio

117 Damage in Onna

118 Onna

119 Onna

120 Onna

121 Onna

122 Damage in Paganica

123 Paganica

124 Paganica

125 Previous earthquakes in Italy 1968, January 14, Belice in Sicily [M6.4] 1976, May 6, Gemona in Friuli [M6.5] 1980, November 23, Irpinia [M6.9] 1997, September 26, Umbria & Marche [M5.6] 2002, Oct. 31, San Giuliano in Puglia [M5.4]

126 Damage estimation Teams of three persons coming from different universities in Italy; The Politecnico di Torino is sending 8 teams at the site; Stability check of school buildings, churches, but also regular buildings; Several teams with international experts too;

127 Damage estimation 1467 buildings checked; 53% stable buildings; The damage are mainly in the infill walls;