PREP Syllabus Effective as of March 31, 2016

Transcription

1 PREP Syllabus Effective as of March 31, 2016 Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada, CPA Canada, CPA are trademarks and/or certification marks of the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada. 2016, Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada. All Rights Reserved.

2 CPA-Canada, 2016 All rights reserved. All CPA-Canada intellectual property (textbooks, CD-ROMs, print or digital readings books, casebooks, and module/lesson notes) or parts thereof may not be sold, scanned, reproduced, transmitted, sublicensed, distributed, stored, translated, or used in any form or by any graphic, electronic, or mechanical means without the prior written permission of the Chartered Professional Accountants (CPA-Canada). This includes any borrowed third-party copyrighted materials as stated in the Canadian Copyright Act. Photocopying, scanning, digitizing, distributing on the World Wide Web, and sharing with any other person or institution via unprotected information networks or information storage and retrieval systems are prohibited and therefore constitute copyright infringement. iv

3 Contents: Syllabus GUIDE TO THE SYLLABUS... v Purpose... vi Contents... vi The CPA Prerequisite Education Program... vii Mission... vii Program features... vii Competency-based program... vii Program structure... vii Module descriptions and outlines... viii Financial Accounting Modules... 1 Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting... 2 Module 5.1: Intermediate Financial Reporting Module 5.2: Intermediate Financial Reporting Module 5.3: Advanced Financial Reporting Management Accounting Modules Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 9: Intermediate Management Accounting Finance module Module 6: Corporate Finance Audit module Module 7: Audit and Assurance Taxation module Module 8: Taxation Performance managment Module Module 10: Performance Management General Business Modules Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module 11: Business Law Module 12: Information Technology v

4 Guide to the Syllabus Purpose The purpose of the Syllabus is to provide detailed information on the content of the modules in the CPA Prerequisite Education Program (CPA PREP). This document has been produced for education administrators, module authors, module examiners, committee members, and resource people in the CPA education system; current and potential students and those who advise them; and others in the professional, academic, and general community. Contents The remaining sections of this introduction provide background information on the major features of the CPA PREP. The main part of the Syllabus comprises the module descriptions and outlines of the module content, in the following subjects areas: financial accounting management accounting auditing finance taxation economics business law information technology statistics Students are not required to complete all modules, just the ones in which they lack subject area coverage. The amount of information provided on each module in this edition of the Syllabus depends on the current status in the program. Modules under review or development may have only a provisional description. vi

5 The CPA Prerequisite Education Program Mission The CPA Prequisite Education Program (CPA PREP) is a high quality educational program that is accessible for students wanting to complete the prerequisite education required to enter the CPA Professional Education Program (CPA PEP) or to enter the CPA Advanced Certificate in Accounting and Finance (ACAF). Program features The CPA PREP meets the standards of education and examination required for individuals to enter the CPA PEP or ACAF. The CPA profession is recognized internationally as a leading developer and provider of competency-based professional accounting education. Competency-based program The CPA PREP is competency-based, emphasizing development of the key areas of knowledge, and enabling competencies required of accountants and senior financial managers, including: professional expertise in accounting and related areas interpretive, judgmental, and analytical skills management of change in the technologies, processes, and structures of organizations use of complex information systems in decision making The CPA profession is committed to the concept of lifelong learning. Its competencybased approach is maintained in professional development modules and career development following certification. Program structure The structure of the CPA PREP consists of the following modules: vii

6 Non- Core Modules Core Modules Non- Core Modules The CPA PREP Modules Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5.1 Module 5.2 Module 5.3 Module 6 Module 7 Module 8 Module 9 Module 10 Module 11 Module 12 Introductory Financial Accounting Introductory Management Accounting Economics Statistics Intermediate Financial Reporting 1 Intermediate Financial Reporting 2 Advanced Financial Reporting Corporate Finance Audit and Assurance Taxation Intermediate Management Accounting Performance Management Business Law Information Technology Admission requirements To be admitted to the CPA PREP, applicants require: an undergraduate or Master s degree 90 credit-hours or equivalent of education (30 credit-hours 1 /academic year) good character To be admitted to the CPA Professional Education Program (CPA PEP), applicants require: an undergraduate degree or Master s degree completion of prerequisite learning 120 credit-hours or equivalent of education (30 credit-hours 1 /academic year) good character Module descriptions and outlines The pages that follow contain the module descriptions, including prerequisites, and outlines for each module in the CPA PREP. Some modules may still be under development; consequently, this information may change. CPA Canada reserves the right to make changes to the Syllabus without prior notice. 1 Credit-hour is an input measure meant to reflect student time required to earn credit for the course. Generally, a three credit course requires 33 hours of contact time (lecture, etc.) or 132 hours of student engagement time (lectures, tutorial, practice activities, testing or assessment, or preparation). viii

7 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING MODULES Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 5.1: Intermediate Financial Reporting 1 Module 5.2: Intermediate Financial Reporting 2 Module 5.3: Advanced Financial Reporting The CPA PREP Syllabus 1

8 MODULE 1: INTRODUCTORY FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Non-Core Course Prerequisites None Module description Module 1 Introductory Financial Accounting is the first financial accounting module in CPA PREP. This module is an integrated introduction to accounting principles and practices. It is designed to help you begin to understand accounting information and help you gain an appreciation for its uses and limitations. Resources Harrison, Horngren, Thomas, Berberich, and Seguin, Financial Accounting, fifth Canadian Edition (Pearson, 2015) Grading MyAccountingLab quizzes (4 quizzes, 5% each) 20% Final examination (3 hours) 80% 100% Quizzes grades are based on the marks you receive. The total mark needed to pass the module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA Professional Education Program). Module Outline Chapter 1: The Financial Statements Explain why accounting is the language of business Explain accounting s conceptual framework and underlying assumptions Describe the purpose of each financial statement and explain the elements of each one Explain the relationships among the financial statements Make ethical business decisions The CPA PREP Syllabus 2

9 Chapter 2: Recording Business Transactions Describe common types of accounts Record the impact of business transactions on the accounting equation Record business transactions in T-accounts Record business transactions in the journal and post them to the ledger Prepare a trial balance Chapter 3: Accrual Accounting and the Financial Statements Explain how accrual accounting differs from cash-basis accounting Apply the revenue and expense-recognition principles Record adjusting journal entries Prepare the financial statements Record closing journal entries Analyze and evaluate a company s debt-paying abilities Chapter 4: Internal Control and Cash Describe fraud and its impact Explain the objectives and components of internal control Prepare and use a bank reconciliation Apply internal control to cash receipts and cash payments Construct and use a budget to manage cash Chapter 5: Short-Term Investments and Receivables Account for short-term investments Account for and control receivables Estimate and account for uncollectible accounts receivable Account for notes receivable Explain how to improve cash flow from sales and receivables Evaluate a company s liquidity Chapter 6: Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold Account for inventory using the perpetual and periodic inventory systems The CPA PREP Syllabus 3

10 Explain and apply three inventory costing methods Explain how accounting standards apply to inventory Analyze and evaluate gross profit and inventory turnover Use the cost-of-goods sold (COGS) model Analyze how inventory errors affect the financial statements Chapter 7: Property, Plant, and Equipment, and Intangible Assets Describe the types of tangible and intangible assets a business may own Measure and account for the cost of property, plant and equipment Calculate and record depreciation on property, plant and equipment Explain additional topics in accounting for long-lived assets Account for intangible assets Analyze and evaluate a company s return on assets Interpret tangible and intangible asset activities on the statement of cash flows Chapter 8: Long-Term Investments and the Time Value of Money Analyze and report non-strategic investments Analyze and report investments in affiliated companies using the equity method Analyze and report controlling interests in other corporations using consolidated financial statements Analyze and report long-term investments in bonds Report investing activities on the statement of cash flows Explain the impact of the time value of money on certain types of investments Chapter 9: Liabilities Explain and account for current liabilities Explain the types, features and pricing of bonds payable Account for bonds payable Calculate and account for interest expense on bonds payable Explain the advantages and disadvantages of financing with debt versus equity Analyze and evaluate a company s debt-paying ability Describe other types of long-term liabilities Report liabilities on the balance sheet The CPA PREP Syllabus 4

11 Chapter 10: Shareholders Equity Explain the main features of a corporation Account for the issuance of shares Explain why a company repurchases shares Account for retained earnings, dividends and stock splits Distinguish between fair value and book value per share Evaluate a company s return on equity using DuPont analysis Evaluate equity transactions and events in the financial statements Chapter 11: The Income Statement, the Statement of Comprehensive Income and the Statement of Shareholders Equity Evaluate the quality of earnings Account for other items on the income statement Compute earnings per share Analyze the statement of comprehensive income and the statement of changes in shareholders equity Differentiate between management s and the auditor s responsibilities in financial reporting Chapter 12: The Statement of Cash Flows Explain the uses of the statement of cash flows Explain and classify cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities Prepare a statement of cash flows using the indirect method of determining cash flows from operating activities Chapter 13: Financial Statement Analysis Perform a horizontal analysis of financial statements Perform a vertical analysis of financial statements Prepare common-size financial statements Use the statement of cash flows in decision making Use ratios to make business decisions The CPA PREP Syllabus 5

12 MODULE 5.1: INTERMEDIATE FINANCIAL REPORTING 1 Core Course Prerequisites Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module Description This six-week module builds on the introductory financial accounting skills that you acquired in introductory financial accounting (Module 1). It primarily focuses on the assets side of the statement of financial position. As you progress through this module, you can expect to develop and strengthen both technical and enabling competencies. Your main focus will be on the technical competencies found in the financial reporting section of The CPA Competency Map; you will develop these competencies at A, B and C levels in preparation for your entry into the CPA PEP. Mastering these competencies will give you a solid foundation for entry into CPA PEP. Resources: Students will be provided with access to the Virtual Professional Library (VPL). This is a collection of standards, rules and guidelines published by CPA Canada. Students are encouraged to start becoming familiar with the standards as currently provided through the CPA Canada Handbook. In Canada, practitioners follow the standards in the CPA Canada Handbook Accounting. Grading Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total mark needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core pre-requisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). The CPA PREP Syllabus 6

13 Module Outline TOPIC 1.1: INTRODUCTION Prerequisite knowledge Structure of module materials TOPIC 1.2: ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IN CANADA Generally accepted accounting principles Development of new and revised accounting standards Effect of legislation on accounting standards TOPIC 1.3: THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING Components of the IFRS Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting Users of financial reporting Objectives of financial reporting Fundamental qualitative characteristics Enhancing qualitative characteristics The cost constraint (cost versus benefit) Underlying assumption going concern Capital maintenance The elements of financial statements Measurement of the elements of financial statements TOPIC 1.4: THE ASPE FRAMEWORK ASPE framework contrasted with IFRS conceptual framework TOPIC 1.5: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Required financial statements ASPE Financial statements general requirements Statement of financial position The statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income (statement of comprehensive income) Statement of changes in equity Events after the reporting period (subsequent events) TOPIC 1.6: INTERNAL CONTROL Bank reconciliations The CPA PREP Syllabus 7

14 TOPIC 1.7: ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS and INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Accounting software IInformation technology Current trends in computerized accounting information systems TOPIC 1.8: ETHICS TOPIC 1.9: THE ACCOUNTING CYCLE APPENDIX A: PROVINCIAL SALES TAX, GOODS AND SERVICES TAX AND HARMONIZED SALES TAX TOPIC 2.1: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 2.2: REVENUE RECOGNITION Revenue recognition general criteria Initial and subsequent measurement Multiple performance obligations (deliverables) Revenue recognition construction contracts Principal-agent arrangements Consignment arrangements Bill-and-hold arrangements Revenue recognition under ASPE Presentation and disclosure TOPIC 3.1: CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS TOPIC 3.2: ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Recognition Initial measurement Subsequent measurement Allowance for doubtful accounts Derecognition of accounts receivable Presentation and disclosure TOPIC 3.3: NON-TRADE RECEIVABLES OTHER RECEIVABLES The CPA PREP Syllabus 8

15 TOPIC 3.4: NON-TRADE RECEIVABLES NOTES RECEIVABLEs Recognition Initial measurement Subsequent measurement IFRS Subsequent measurement ASPE Interest rate conventions Derecognition Presentation and disclosure TOPIC 3.5: INVENTORY Inventory systems Initial measurement Subsequent measurement Recognition as an expense using cost formulas (derecognition) Cost formula and cash flow Methods of estimating inventory Inventory errors Presentation and disclosure TOPIC 4.1: PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Recognition (PPE) Initial measurement (PPE) Subsequent measurement (PPE) replacements versus repairs Subsequent measurement (PPE) cost and revaluation models Subsequent measurement (PPE) depreciation and depletion Derecognition (PPE) Disclosure (PPE) TOPIC 4.2: INTANGIBLE ASSETS Recognition (intangible assets) Initial measurement (intangible assets) Derecognition (intangible assets) Disclosure (intangible assets) TOPIC 4.3: GOODWILL The CPA PREP Syllabus 9

16 TOPIC 4.4: IMPAIRMENT Recoverable amount Recognition of an impairment loss individual asset Recognition of an impairment loss CGU Reversal of impairment losses Disclosure impairments Impairment ASPE TOPIC 4.5: NON-CURRENT ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS Recognition Initial measurement Subsequent measurement Derecognition Presentation and disclosure non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations Accounting for abandoned assets TOPIC 4.6 GOVERNMENT GRANTS Recognition Initial measurement Subsequent measurement Derecognition Presentation and disclosure accounting for government grants and disclosure of government assistance TOPIC 5.1: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 5.2: STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS IN FINANCIAL ASSETS Subsidiaries control Joint arrangements joint control Associates significant influence TOPIC 5.3: THE EQUITY METHOD Initial measurement Subsequent measurement Other requirements of the equity method The CPA PREP Syllabus 10

17 TOPIC 5.4: PASSIVE INVESTMENTS IN FINANCIAL ASSETS Financial assets exclusions from IFRS Recognition financial assets Classification financial assets Initial measurement financial assets Subsequent measurement financial assets Subsequent measurement impairment Reclassification of financial assets Derecognition of financial assets Presentation and disclosure TOPIC 5.5: FINANCIAL ASSETS ASPE TOPIC 6.1: TOPIC 6.2: TOPIC 6.3: STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS INTRODUCTION GOVERNING STANDARDS CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS Foreign currency cash and cash equivalents Cash equivalents Options for investments that qualify as cash equivalents Overdraft facilities TOPIC 6.4: CLASSIFICATION OF CASH FLOWS Operating activities Investing activities Financing activities Classification alternatives for certain cash flows Non-cash transactions TOPIC 6.5: FORMAT OF THE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Direct and indirect methods of presentation TOPIC 6.6: PREPARING A STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS The process for preparing a statement of cash flows using the indirect method The process for preparing a statement of cash flows using the direct method The CPA PREP Syllabus 11

18 TOPIC 6.7: EFFECTS OF SPECIFIC ITEMS ON THE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Discontinued operations Discounts and premiums on financial assets and liabilities Investments in associates and joint ventures Investments at FVPL not designated as cash equivalents unrealized gains and losses TOPIC 6.8: TOPIC 6.9: COMPREHENSIVE EXAMPLE PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE TOPIC 6.10: CASH FLOW STATEMENT ASPE The CPA PREP Syllabus 12

19 MODULE 5.2: INTERMEDIATE FINANCIAL REPORTING 2 Core Course Prerequisites Module 5.1: Intermediate Financial Reporting 1 Module Description This six-week module builds on the financial accounting skills that you acquired in introductory financial accounting (Module 1) and Module 5.1: Intermediate Financial Reporting 1. Module 5.2: Intermediate Financial Reporting 2 is an intermediate-level module that focuses on the liabilities and equities side of the statement of financial position along with topics such as accounting for income taxes, leases, employee benefits, earnings per share and accounting changes. Resources: Students will be provided with access to the Virtual Professional Library (VPL). This is a collection of standards, rules and guidelines published by CPA Canada. Students are encouraged to start becoming familiar with the standards as currently provided through the CPA Canada Handbook. In Canada, practitioners follow the standards in the CPA Canada Handbook Accounting. Grading: Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total grade needed to pass the module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA Professional Education Program). Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1 TOPIC 1.2 TOPIC 1.3 PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE OF COURSE MATERIALS FINANCIAL CALCULATORS The CPA PREP Syllabus 13

20 TOPIC 1.4 GOVERNING STANDARDS Financial liabilities exclusions from IFRS 9 TOPIC 1.5 LIABILITIES Liabilities definition Types of liabilities TOPIC 1.6 RECOGNITION TOPIC 1.7 FINANCIAL LIABILITIES THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS IFRS Initial and subsequent measurement at fair value through profit or loss TOPIC 1.8 OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES IFRS Initial and subsequent measurement other financial liabilities Other financial liabilities select transaction types Other financial liabilities bonds TOPIC 1.9 DERECOGNITION OF FINANCIAL LIABILITIES IFRS 9 TOPIC 1.10: SUMMARY IFRS 9 TOPIC 1.11: FINANCIAL LIABILITIES ASPE TOPIC 1.12: NON-FINANCIAL LIABILITIES IAS Initial and subsequent measurement Other non-financial liabilities select transaction types Commitments (onerous contracts) Derecognition of non-financial liabilities IAS 37 TOPIC 1.13: CONTINGENCIES IFRS - IAS Contingent assets Contingent liabilities Contingencies ASPE TOPIC 1.14: PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE Current and non-current liabilities Required disclosure The CPA PREP Syllabus 14

21 APPENDIX A Time value of money Contrasting effective rate of interest and market rate of interest Interest rate conventions APPENDIX B APPENDIX C TOPIC 2.1: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 2.2: SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY IFRS and ASPE level of guidance each provides TOPIC 2.3: CONTRIBUTED CAPITAL Share capital authorized, issued, outstanding and treasury Classes of shares Issuance (sale) of shares recognition Issuance (sale) of shares initial and subsequent measurement Derecognition - reacquisition of shares TOPIC 2.4: RETAINED EARNINGS Dividends description Dividends - dates Dividends - types Dividends cumulative and non-cumulative TOPIC 2.5: RESERVES ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME TOPIC 2.6: STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY TOPIC 2.7: COMPLEX FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TOPIC 2.8: DERIVATIVES Forwards and futures Swaps Options TOPIC 2.9: STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS Terminology Employee stock option plans equity settled The CPA PREP Syllabus 15

22 2.9-3 Stock appreciation rights cash settled Stock appreciation rights equity settled and multiple settlement options Stock-based compensation plans ASPE The CPA PREP Syllabus 16

23 TOPIC 2.10: COMPOUND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Recognition and initial measurement Subsequent measurement Derecognition Compound financial instruments ASPE TOPIC 2.11: PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE Financial liabilities Equity instruments and share-based payments TOPIC 3.1: ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES AN INTRODUCTION TOPIC 3.2: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 3.3: ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES TOPIC 3.4: RECOGNITION AND INITIAL MEASUREMENT Permanent differences Temporary differences Interrelationships: Accounting and tax bases, temporary differences and deferred taxes (SFP) Recognition and initial measurement accrual method of tax allocation Initial measurement probability of realizing a deductible temporary difference Initial measurement time value of money TOPIC 3.5: SUBSEQUENT MEASUREMENT Reassessment of a previously unrecognized deferred tax asset Change in tax rates TOPIC 3.6: DERECOGNITION TOPIC 3.7: ACCOUNTING FOR TAX LOSSES Strategic considerations Recognition and initial measurement taxable losses Subsequent measurement taxable losses TOPIC 3.8: INSTALMENT PAYMENTS The CPA PREP Syllabus 17

24 TOPIC 3.9: PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE Interperiod tax allocation Intraperiod tax allocation TOPIC 3.10: SUBSTANTIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND ASPE Recognition and initial measurement Taxes payable method APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS TOPIC 4.1: ACCOUNTING FOR LEASES AN INTRODUCTION Benefits of leasing Tax implications of leasing Governing standards for leases TOPIC 4.2: LEASE CLASSIFICATION TOPIC 4.3: ACCOUNTING FOR LEASES PREAMBLE TOPIC 4.4: ACCOUNTING FOR OPERATING LEASES LESSOR Disclosure of operating leases lessor TOPIC 4.5: ACCOUNTING FOR OPERATING LEASES LESSEE Disclosure of operating leases lessee TOPIC 4.6: ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCE LEASES LESSOR Nature of the finance lease offered by the lessor Recognition and initial measurement Subsequent measurement Derecognition Presentation and disclosure of finance leases lessors TOPIC 4.7: ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCE LEASES LESSEE Recognition and initial measurement Subsequent measurement Derecognition Presentation and disclosure of finance leases lessees The CPA PREP Syllabus 18

25 TOPIC 4.8: ACCOUNTING FOR SALE AND LEASEBACK TRANSACTIONS Operating leaseback Finance leaseback TOPIC 4.9: SUBSTANTIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND ASPE LEASES TOPIC 4.10: ACCOUNTING FOR PENSION PLANS AND OTHER LONG-TERM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AN INTRODUCTION Advantages and disadvantages of benefit packages TOPIC 4.11: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 4.12: ACCOUNTING FOR OTHER LONG-TERM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS TOPIC 4.13: ACCOUNTING FOR PENSION PLANS OVERVIEW Overview of pension plans Types of pension plans TOPIC 4.14: ACCOUNTING FOR DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS Recognition and measurement Disclosure of defined contribution plans TOPIC 4.15: ACCOUNTING FOR DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS Preamble Recognition and measurement pension expense Journal entries to record pension expense Summary Additional complexities in accounting for defined benefit plans TOPIC 4.16: PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE TOPIC 4.17: SUBSTANTIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND ASPE EMPLOYEE BENEFITS Other long-term employee benefits Defined contribution plans Defined benefit plans APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS LEASES APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY OF TERMS PENSION PLANS The CPA PREP Syllabus 19

26 TOPIC 5.1: EARNINGS PER SHARE INTRODUCTION TOPIC 5.2: GOVERNING STANDARDS Substantive differences between IFRS and ASPE EPS TOPIC 5.3: EPS MEASUREMENT BASIC Basic earnings per share earnings Basic earnings per share shares TOPIC 5.4 EPS MEASUREMENT DILUTED Step 1: Ascertain all potential ordinary shares Step 2: Calculate incremental EPS for each potential ordinary share Step 3: Order the incremental EPS Step 4: Determine diluted EPS TOPIC 5.5: EPS MEASUREMENT COMPLICATING FACTORS Contingently issuable shares Continuing and discontinued operations Convertible bonds issued at a premium or discount Correction of errors and changes in accounting policy Dilutive EPS when basis EPS is negative Other comprehensive income POS issued, redeemed, expired or converted during the period POS with more than one conversion option Stock splits and dividends after year-end but before the financial statement date TOPIC 5.6: EPS PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE Presentation Disclosure TOPIC 5.7 ACCOUNTING CHANGES INTRODUCTION TOPIC 5.8: GOVERNING STANDARDS TOPIC 5.9: SELECTION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES In the absence of an applicable IFRS Disclosure of accounting policies TOPIC 5.10: METHODS OF ACCOUNTING FOR ACCOUNTING CHANGES The CPA PREP Syllabus 20

27 Retrospective adjustments Prospective adjustments TOPIC 5.11: DETERMINING THE NATURE OF THE ACCOUNTING CHANGE TOPIC 5.12: ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICY Acceptable reasons for changes in accounting policy Accounting for a voluntary change in accounting policy Accounting for a change in accounting policy required by IFRS Disclosure related to a change in accounting policy TOPIC 5.13: ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGES IN ESTIMATES Disclosure related to a change in estimate TOPIC 5.14: ACCOUNTING FOR PRIOR PERIOD ERRORS Disclosure related to the correction of prior period errors TOPIC 5.15: SUBSTANTIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND ASPE ACCOUNTING CHANGES APPENDIX A: Glossary of Terms EARNING PER SHARE TOPIC 6.1: STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Governing standards Foreign currency cash flows Contingent liabilities and assets Decommissioning obligations Treasury shares Property dividends Compound financial instruments Deferred tax expense Leases Pensions TOPIC 6.2: FINANCIAL STATEMENT USERS The CPA PREP Syllabus 21

28 TOPIC 6.3: I NTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING Introduction and governing standards Recognition and Measurement Presentation Disclosure Substantive differences TOPIC 6.4: MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS (MD&A) Introduction and governing standards Why is MDA required? Objectives of the MD&A Recommended practice Substantive differences between IFRS and ASPE MD&A TOPIC 6.5: FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS Introduction and governing standards Ratio analysis and benchmarking Vertical and horizontal analysis Pro-forma financial statements The CPA PREP Syllabus 22

29 MODULE 5.3: ADVANCED FINANCIAL REPORTING Core Course Prerequisites Module 5.2: Intermediate Financial Reporting 2 Module Description This six-week module deals with financial accounting topics such as consolidations, foreign currency and not-for-profit accounting. As you progress through this module, you can expect to develop and strengthen both technical and enabling competencies. Your main focus will be on the technical competencies found in the financial reporting section of The CPA Competency Map; you will develop these competencies at A, B and C levels in preparation for your entry into the CPA PEP. Mastering these competencies will give you a solid foundation for entry into CPA PEP. VPL and CPA Handbook: Students will be provided with access to the Virtual Professional Library (VPL). This is a collection of standards, rules and guidelines published by CPA Canada. Students are encouraged to start becoming familiar with the standards as currently provided through the CPA Canada Handbook. In Canada, practitioners follow the standards in the CPA Canada Handbook Accounting. Grading: Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total mark needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). The CPA PREP Syllabus 23

30 Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1 TOPIC 1.2 TOPIC 1.3 TOPIC 1.4 PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE OF COURSE MATERIALS GOVERNING STANDARDS OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS IN FINANCIAL ASSETS Strategic versus non-strategic investments. TOPIC 1.5 TOPIC 1.6 INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES THE EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES Initial measurement Subsequent measurement statement of comprehensive income Subsequent measurement statement of financial position Change in ownership interest of an associate including derecognition Presentation Disclosure TOPIC 1.7 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS Forms of business combinations TOPIC 1.8 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS BY WAY OF PURCHASE OF NET ASSETS Initial measurement Subsequent measurement and derecognition TOPIC 1.9 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS BY WAY OF CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENT TOPIC 1.10 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS BY WAY OF SHARE ACQUISITION Preamble Consolidation framework The CPA PREP Syllabus 24

31 TOPIC 1.12 ALLOCATING THE ACQUISITION DIFFERENTIAL Identifying the acquirer Determining the acquisition date Recognition and initial measurement of the net identifiable assets acquired Recognition and initial measurement of the non-controlling interests (NCI) and goodwill TOPIC 1.13 PREPARING AN ACQUISITION DIFFERENTIAL AMORTIZATION AND IMPAIRMENT SCHEDULE TOPIC 1.14 PREPARING A CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AT ACQUISITION DATE. TOPIC 2.1: ConTROL Investments subsequent measurement OVERVIEW Simplifying assumptions TOPIC 2.2 ACQUISITION DIFFERENTIAL AMORTIZATION AND IMPAIRMENT SCHEDULE TOPIC 2.3 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 100% OWNERSHIP Verification of consolidated net income TOPIC 2.4 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF RETAINED EARNINGS TOPIC 2.5 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 100% OWNERSHIP TOPIC 2.6 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME < 100% OWNERSHIP TOPIC 2.7 ON-CONTROLLING INTEREST - SUBSEQUENT MEASUREMENT TOPIC 2.8 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION < 100% OWNERSHIP The CPA PREP Syllabus 25

32 TOPIC 2.9 PREPARING CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OTHER FACTORS Fixed assets net method versus gross method impact on consolidation procedures Uniform accounting policies Acquisition of a subsidiary at other than its year-end Changes in the level of share ownership APPENDIX A : THE WORKSHEET APPROACH TOPIC 3.1: intercompany transactions and balances introduction TOPIC 3.2 TOPIC 3.3 INTERCOMPANY BALANCES INTERCOMPANY REVENUES AND EXPENSES Intercompany items working paper schedule TOPIC 3.4 UNREALIZED PROFITS ON THE INTERCOMPANY SALE OF NON- DEPRECIABLE ASSETS INCLUDING LAND Adjustments in year of intercompany sale non-depreciable assets Adjustments in intervening years non-depreciable assets Adjustments in the year of sale to an outside party - non-depreciable assets Upstream versus downstream sales impact on consolidated net income ATP and the NCI reported on the consolidated statement of financial position TOPIC 3.5 UNREALIZED PROFITS ON THE INTERCOMPANY SALE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS Adjustments in year of intercompany sale depreciable assets Adjustments in subsequent years depreciable assets Adjustments in the year of sale to an outside party - depreciable assets Upstream versus downstream sales impact on consolidated net income ATP and the NCI reported on the consolidated statement of financial position The CPA PREP Syllabus 26

33 TOPIC 3.6 UNREALIZED PROFITS ON THE INTERCOMPANY SALE OF INVENTORY Adjustments in year of intercompany sale inventory Adjustments in the year of sale to an outside party inventory Upstream versus downstream sales impact on consolidated net income ATP and the NCI reported on the consolidated statement of financial position Summary of required adjustment for intercompany sales of inventory TOPIC 3.7 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMPLE APPENDIX A: INTERCOMPANY SALE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS EXTENDED EXAMPLE APPENDIX B : INTERCOMPANY SALE OF INVENTORY EXTENDED EXAMPLE TOPIC 4.1 TOPIC 4.2 TOPIC 4.3 TOPIC 4.4 TOPIC 4.5 Subsidiary with preference shares outstanding INDIRECT SHAREHOLDINGS DEFERRED TAXES ARISING ON ACQUISITION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS OPERATING SEGMENTS Operating segments Reportable segments Quantitative thresholds Required disclosure for reportable segments TOPIC 4.6 JOINT ARRANGEMENTS Accounting for joint ventures TOPIC 4.7 SUBSTANTIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN IFRS AND ASPE STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS Subsidiaries Associates Joint arrangements The CPA PREP Syllabus 27

34 TOPIC 4.8 PRESENTATION AND DISCLOSURE Presentation of consolidated financial statements Disclosure requirements for business combinations Disclosure of interests in other entities TOPIC 5.1 TOPIC 5.2 Governing Standards FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS Foreign currency transactions - initial measurement monetary and nonmonetary items Foreign currency transactions - subsequent measurement Foreign currency transactions derecognition TOPIC 5.3 HEDGING FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE Accounting for hedging items of foreign currency exposure hedge accounting not adopted Gross method versus net method TOPIC 5.4 HEDGE ACCOUNTING Types of hedges Qualifying criteria for hedge accounting Accounting for fair value hedges Accounting for cash flow hedges Comparison of journal entries hedge accounting not adopted, fair value hedge, and cash flow hedge TOPIC 5.5 TRANSLATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES Determining the entity s functional currency Translation methods Allocating and amortizing the acquisition differential Subsidiary accounted for using the foreign currency transactions approach (temporal method) Self-sustaining foreign operation (current rate method) APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS TOPIC 6.1: GOVErNING STANDARDS Governing standards private sector NFPOs Governing standards public sector The CPA PREP Syllabus 28

35 TOPIC 6.2: ACCOUNTING FOR NFPOs Required financial statements Fund accounting Types of contributions to NFPOs Contributions revenue recognition Accounting for NFPOs other considerations Presentation and Disclosure CPA Canada s financial statements TOPIC 6.3: GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING Public Sector Accounting Board (PSAB) Objectives of government financial reporting Major reporting issues with respect to government accounting Internal and external users of government accounting information Government financial statements APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS The CPA PREP Syllabus 29

36 MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING MODULES Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 9: Intermediate Management Accounting The CPA PREP Syllabus 30

37 MODULE 2: INTRODUCTORY MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Non-Core Course Prerequisites None Corequisites Module 1 Module description Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting examines how accounting information is used within organizations to plan, monitor and control. Managers in all functional areas, whether they like it or not, will have to deal with the management accounting system of the organization they work for. The purpose of this module is to ensure that you have a basic understanding of how such systems operate, the language they use, and their limitations. Resources Horngren, Sundem, Stratton, Beaulieu, Management Accounting, sixth Canadian Edition (Pearson, 2012) Grading MyAccountingLab quizzes (4 quizzes, 5% each) 20% Final examination (3 hours) 80% 100% Quizzes grades are based on the marks you receive. The total grade needed to pass this module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). The CPA PREP Syllabus 31

38 Module Outline Chapter 1 Management Accounting and Management Decisions Management Accounting for Managers A Management Decision Process The Management Accountant s Role Management Accounting and Service Organizations Planning and Control for Product Life Cycles and the Value Chain The Role of the Accountant in the Organization Management Accounting and Financial Accounting Adapting to Change Current Trends Chapter 2 Cost Behaviour and Cost-Volume Relationships Cost Drivers Comparison of Variable and Fixed Costs Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Sales Mix Analysis Impact of Income Taxes Uses and Limitations of Cost-Volume Analysis Non-Profit Application Chapter 3 Measurement of Cost Behaviour Cost Drivers and Cost Behaviour Management s Influence on Cost Functions Measuring Cost Behaviour Methods of Measuring Cost Functions Least Squares Regression Analysis Chapter 4 Cost Management Systems Classification of Costs Cost Accounting for Financial Reporting Cost Behaviour and Income Statements Variable Versus Absorption Costing Appendix 4: More on Labour Costs The CPA PREP Syllabus 32

39 Chapter 5 Cost Allocation and Activity-Based Costing Systems Cost Allocation in General Allocation of Service Department Costs Allocating Costs to Outputs Allocating Joint Costs and By-Product Costs Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Chapter 6 Job-Costing Systems Distinction Between Job Costing and Process Costing Illustration of Job-Order Costing Accounting for Factory Overhead Problems of Overhead Application Activity-Based Costing in a Job-Order Environment Product Costing in Service and Non-Profit Organizations Chapter 8 Relevant Information and Decision Making: Marketing Decisions The Meaning of Relevance: The Major Conceptual Lesson The Special Sales Order Deleting or Adding Products or Departments Optimal Use of Limited Resources Pricing Decisions Influences on Pricing in Practice Advantages of Various Approaches to Pricing Decisions Target Costing Chapter 9 Relevant Information and Decision Making: Production Decisions Opportunity, Outlay, and Differential Costs Make-or-Buy Decisions Joint Product Costs Irrelevance of Past Costs Irrelevance of Future Costs that Will Not Differ Beware of Unit Costs Conflicts Between Decision Making and Performance Evaluation Chapter 10 Capital Budgeting Decisions Capital Investment Decisions Discounted-Cash-Flow Models The CPA PREP Syllabus 33

40 Using DCF Models Chapter 11 The Master Budget Budgets: What They Are and How They Benefit the Organization Preparing the Master Budget Difficulties of Sales Forecasting Making a Budget Work: Anticipating Human Behaviour Financial Planning Models Chapter 12 Flexible Budgets and Variance Analysis Flexible Budgets: The Bridge Between Static Budgets and Actual Results Budget Variances and Their Causes Flexible-Budget Variances in Detail Variable Overhead Variances Chapter 13 Management Control Systems, the Balanced Scorecard, and Responsibility Accounting Management Control Systems Design, Plan, and Execute Management Control Systems Motivating Employees to Excel and Achieve Goal Congruence Controllability Criterion of Measuring Financial Performance Non-Financial Measures of Performance Management Control Systems in Service, Government, and Not-For-Profit Organizations The Future of Management Control Systems Chapter 14 Management Control in Decentralized Organizations Centralization Versus Decentralization Transfer Pricing Performance Measures and Management Control Measures of Profitability A Closer Look at Invested Capital Keys to Successful Performance Measures The CPA PREP Syllabus 34

41 MODULE 9: INTERMEDIATE MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Core Course Prerequisites Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module 6: Corporate Finance Module Description This module is six weeks long and covers a variety of intermediate management accounting topics. The objective of Module 9: Intermediate Management Accounting is to assist you to develop the professional competence and skills that will enable you to understand the requirements of management reporting. This module will also help to develop your ability to assess a situation, identify issues and alternatives, and formulate recommendations using professional judgment. You will develop and strengthen your: : technical knowledge of issues in management accounting and reporting ability as a professional to focus clearly on the concerns of management application of a systematic methodology in solving a range of problems Grading: Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total mark needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1 ROLE OF THE MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANT Management accounting versus financial accounting The mid-20th-century roles of management accounting Management accounting and cost accounting The CPA PREP Syllabus 35

42 1.1-4 Role of management accounting in management of the organization TOPIC 1.2 COST CLASSIFICATIONS Cost distinctions important to financial accounting Costing terms critical in costing system design Costing system architecture Cost terms used to describe and predict cost behaviour Cost terms needed in manufacturing costing systems Cost terms used in planning and control Cost terms used in decision-making TOPIC 1.3 COST ESTIMATION Judgment approaches Data approaches TOPIC 1.4 COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS The cost-volume-profit-model Using the cost-volume-profit units model Sensitivity analysis for CVP Developing and using the revenue CVP model The CVP chart Taxes and the CVP equations Using the profit equation for what-if analysis Multi-product CVP analysis Spreadsheets Scenario planning TOPIC 2.1 TOPIC 2.2 CAPACITY SERVICE DEPARTMENT COST ALLOCATION Support and production departments Methods of allocating support department costs Direct method of support cost allocation Step method of support cost allocation Reciprocal method of support cost allocation Support department allocations variable and fixed costs The CPA PREP Syllabus 36

43 TOPIC 2.3 JOB ORDER COSTING Overview of job order costing Components of a job costing system Job order costing steps Actual and normal overhead rates Choosing the denominator activity and its level Analysis of activity level choices for the cost driver Multiple overhead cost pools and system design Recording manufacturing overhead Dealing with over- and under-applied overhead Highlighting idle capacity costs Variable manufacturing overhead The accounting entries underlying job order costing Spoilage, reworked units and scrap TOPIC 2.4 JOINT AND BY-PRODUCT COSTING Joint costs, joint products and by-products Why allocate joint costs? Joint cost allocation methods Physical output method Sales value at split-off method Net realizable value method Constant gross margin percentage method By-products Conclusion TOPIC 3.1 PROCESS COSTING Process costing systems Process costing steps: Establishing physical flow and equivalent units Process costing approaches Weighted average cost flow assumption Spoilage Transferred-in costs First-in first-out (FIFO) cost flow assumption Hybrid and operations costing systems TOPIC 3.2 INDIRECT COST ALLOCATION SYSTEMS Indirect cost allocation systems design Objective in indirect cost allocation system design Cost allocation system improvement The CPA PREP Syllabus 37

44 TOPIC 3.3 ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING SYSTEMS Activity-based costing systems design The ABC cost hierarchy ABC differences from traditional costing Activity-based management Costs/benefits of ABC and ABM TOPIC 3.4 OTHER METHODS FOR DETERMINING AND CONTROLLING COSTS Kaizen costing Product life cycle costing2 TOPIC 4.1 VARIABLE (DIRECT) AND ABSORPTION (FULL) COSTING Financial reporting differences between variable and absorption costing Objections to absorption costing Absorption and variable costing and CVP analysis TOPIC 4.2 BUDGETING Definition and objectives The budgeting process The budget period Budget participants Budget terms budgets, forecasts and pro forma financial statements The master budget The recursive nature of master budget development Master budget components Sales (revenue) budget Production budget (purchases budget merchandiser) Direct materials purchases budget Direct labour budget Manufacturing overhead budget Ending inventory budget Cost of goods sold budget Selling and administrative expenses budget Capital budget Cash budget Budgeted income statement Budgeted balance sheet Activity-based budgeting Zero-based budgeting The CPA PREP Syllabus 38

45 TOPIC 4.3 PRICING The role of cost information in pricing Cost information and short- and long-term pricing Varying demand and varying prices The management accountant s role in supporting revenue control The management accountant s role in revenue control TOPIC 4.4 CONTRACTUAL SETTINGS WHERE COST INFORMATION DETERMINES THE PRICE Cost-plus contracts Insurance claims Legal settings Bidding TOPIC 5.1 STANDARD COSTS AND COST VARIANCES Standard costs Flexible budgets Cost variances Manufacturing cost variances Variance analysis with substitutable inputs Standard (budgeted rate) absorption costing and standard variable costing Investigating variances Variances and presentation of net income TOPIC 5.2 REVENUE VARIANCES Sales price variance Sales volume related variances TOPIC 5.3 SUMMARY OF VARIANCE ANALYSIS APPENDIX 1 COST VARIANCE FORMULAS APPENDIX 2 REVENUE VARIANCE FORMULAS The CPA PREP Syllabus 39

46 TOPIC 6.1 UNCERTAINTY Decision-making under uncertainty The elements of decision-making under uncertainty Probability forms Payoff tables Modelling uncertainty in cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis Contracts and bidding under uncertainty Decision analysis approach to investigating a variance Conclusion TOPIC 6.2 RELEVANT COSTS The sunk cost effect Importance of both quantitative and qualitative analysis Relevant cost applications Make-or-buy decisions (outsourcing) Add-or-drop decisions Special order decisions Sell-or-process-further decisions Scarce resource allocation decisions Theory of constraints Problems with relevant costing Conclusion TOPIC 6.3 TRANSFER PRICING Potential interpersonal conflicts in transfer pricing Approaches to setting the transfer price Market price based approaches Cost-based approaches Negotiated transfer prices Other transfer prices A general transfer pricing model International transfer pricing The CPA PREP Syllabus 40

47 FINANCE MODULE Module 6: Corporate Finance The CPA PREP Syllabus 41

48 MODULE 6: CORPORATE FINANCE Core Course Prerequisites: Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module Description This six-week module introduces you to finance concepts and provides you with essential knowledge of various tools used in corporate finance. You will examine the corporate financial environment and its impact on decision making, introductory finance concepts (including the time value of money, investing and risk management) and distribution of earnings. In addition, you will look at capital budgeting techniques and short-, medium- and long-term financing decisions. Grading: Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total mark needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1 INTRODUCTION Investment Financing Management of daily financial activities TOPIC 1.2 MATHEMATICS OF FINANCE THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY Interest Annuities Effective annual rate of interest TOPIC 1.3 INTEREST RATES The CPA PREP Syllabus 42

49 1.3-1 The short-term risk-free real interest rate Expected inflation The risk premium TOPIC 1.4 TOPIC 1.5 TOPIC 1.6 FINANCIAL MARKETS MARKET EFFICIENCY AND THE EFFICIENT-MARKET HYPOTHESIS MAJOR FINANCIAL SECURITIES Short-term securities Long-term securities (Bonds and debentures) Equity securities (Preferred and common shares) Other equity securities Advantages and disadvantages of debt versus equity securities TOPIC 1.7 TOPIC 1.8 TOPIC 2.1 TOPIC 2.2 DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS SECURITIZATION OVERVIEW THE PRICING OF BONDS, PREFERRED SHARES AND COMMON EQUITY The required rate of return The pricing of bonds Pricing preferred shares Pricing common equity TOPIC 2.3 WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL Background Cost of long-term debt Cost of preferred shares Cost of common shares Calculation of the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) A further illustration TOPIC 2.4 TOPIC 2.5 TOPIC 3.1 CHOOSING A CAPITAL STRUCTURE OPERATING AND FINANCIAL LEVERAGE AND BUSINESS RISK OVERVIEW The CPA PREP Syllabus 43

50 TOPIC 3.2 TOPIC 3.3 THE MANAGEMENT OF CASH AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES THE MANAGEMENT OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, INVENTORY AND ACCOUNTS PAYABLE Overview The management of accounts receivable Inventory management The management of accounts payable TOPIC 3.4 TOPIC 3.5 CASH CONVERSION CYCLE FINANCIAL PLANNING AND FORECASTING Goal of financial planning and forecasting Cash flow projections Profit and loss projections TOPIC 3.6 FINANCING The need for financing Basic principles of financing Cyclical patterns and strategies for working-capital management TOPIC 4.1: THE CAPITAL-BUDGETING PROCESS TOPIC 4.2: CAPITAL RATIONING TOPIC 4.3: ESTIMATING A PROJECT S CASH FLOWS TOPIC 4.4: CAPITAL COST ALLOWANCE (CCA) TOPIC 4.5: RISK TOPIC 5.1: CAPITAL BUDGETING: AN OVERVIEW TOPIC 5.2: NET PRESENT VALUE TOPIC 5.3: PAYBACK PERIOD8 TOPIC 5.4: INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN TOPIC 5.5: LEASE FINANCING TOPIC 5.6: DIVIDENDS The CPA PREP Syllabus 44

51 TOPIC 6.1 TOPIC 6.2 OVERVIEW FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Financial ratios Limitations of ratio analysis Vertical and horizontal analysis TOPIC 6.3 VALUATION Introduction to business or share valuation Valuation approaches for businesses (and equity securities) TOPIC 6.4 CORPORATE FINANCE TRANSACTIONS Forms of ownership: Expansion and divestiture International considerations The CPA PREP Syllabus 45

52 AUDIT MODULE Module 7: Audit and Assurance The CPA PREP Syllabus 46

53 MODULE 7: AUDIT AND ASSURANCE Core Course Prerequisites Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module 5.1: Intermediate Financial Reporting 1 Module 5.2: Intermediate Financial Reporting 2 Module Description The goal of Module 7 is to assist you in developing the professional competence and skills that will enable you to understand the requirements of audit and assurance. This 6 week module will also help to develop your ability to assess a situation, identify issues and alternatives, and formulate recommendations using ethical, professional judgment. You will develop and strengthen your: technical knowledge of issues in audit and assurance ability as a professional to focus clearly on the interests of your clients, both internal and external ability as a professional to conduct yourself in a manner worthy of the trust of the public, your clients and your employers and colleagues, and in a manner that enhances the ethical reputation of the accounting profession application of a systematic methodology in solving a range of problems Resources Students will be provided with access to the Virtual Professional Library (VPL). This is a collection of standards, rules and guidelines published by CPA Canada. Although this is not required reading for the module, students are encouraged to start becoming familiar with the standards as currently provided through the CPA Canada Handbook. In Canada, practitioners follow the standards in the CPA Canada Handbook Assurance for audit and other assurance services. These include Canadian Auditing Standards (CASs), which have been adopted from International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). The CASs are issued by the Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (AASB). The CPA PREP Syllabus 47

54 Grading Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total mark needed to pass the module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the Professional Education Program). Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1: BASIC CONCEPTS OF ASSURANCE Assurance engagements The economic purpose of an audit The role of the auditor The expectations gap TOPIC 1.2: AUDITING STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS Canadian standards International auditing standards Canadian regulations Implications of increased regulation for assurance engagements TOPIC 1.3: RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT, ETHICAL STANDARDS AND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS Rules of professional conduct Ethical standards Legal considerations APPENDIX: THE RISK-BASED AUDIT APPROACH TOPIC 2.1: ACCEPTANCE AND CONTINUANCE Obtaining an audit engagement Acceptance risks Acceptance/continuance procedures Continuance Independence-threat responses Engagement letters The CPA PREP Syllabus 48

55 TOPIC 2.2: PLANNING The purpose of planning Audit risk Potential areas of misstatement Obtaining an understanding of the entity and its environment Risk-assessment techniques Materiality Developing a response to assessed risks Documentation Communication TOPIC 2.3: PLANNING SPECIFIC MATTERS TO CONSIDER Going concern Fraud Laws and regulations Related parties Service organizations Using the work of an expert Using the work of internal audit TOPIC 3.1: Control frameworks Control activities Common controls for transactions Practical examples of accounting processes TOPIC 3.2: INFORMATION SYSTEMS Overview Systems controls Access to programs and data Application controls TOPIC 3.3: SYSTEM AND CONTROL PROCEDURES Components of internal control Key internal controls Understanding systems Assessing controls TOPIC 3.4: PAYROLL AND INVENTORY TESTS OF CONTROL IT considerations Computer-assisted audit techniques The CPA PREP Syllabus 49

56 3.4-3 Implications on remaining audit approach TOPIC 4.1: INTRODUCTION to AUDIT PROCEDURES Audit evidence Selecting items for testing Substantive analytical procedures Preparing for year-end fieldwork Comparatives and opening balances TOPIC 4.2: SUBSTANTIVE TESTING Developing substantive procedures Common balance sheet accounts Common income statement accounts Estimates Complex accounting requirements Other accounts for testing APPENDIX CLD LTD. TOPIC 5.1: AUDIT COMPLETION Documentation Completion procedures Evaluation of audit evidence Management representations Communicating with management and those charged with governance Internal completion documents Quality control over the audit engagement Reporting TOPIC 5.2: GROUP AUDITS Auditing consolidated financial statements Roles, rights and responsibilities Group audit stages The audit report TOPIC 6.1: OTHER TYPES OF ENGAGeMENTS Key process stages Acceptance and continuance Planning and risk assessment Collection of evidence Completion and reporting Types of engagements The CPA PREP Syllabus 50

57 TAXATION MODULE Module 8: Taxation The CPA PREP Syllabus 51

58 MODULE 8: TAXATION Core Course Module prerequisites Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module Description Module 8: Taxation is a 6 week course that covers the fundamental principles and concepts of Canadian federal income tax legislation. The module emphasizes an understanding of the conceptual structure of the Income Tax Act and equips students with the skills needed to apply its rules to practical cases. Topics include the concepts of income and liability for tax; income from employment, business, and property; shareholder benefits; deductions; capital gains and losses; computation of taxable income for individuals and corporations; tax planning; and international taxation. The objective of this module is to develop and strengthen your technical knowledge of taxation. Resources The VPL contains the Income Tax Act, Income Tax Act Regulations, and related reference materials. The Canadian Income Tax Act (ITA is the primary source of tax law in Canada). Grading Quizzes 12% Projects 18% Exam 70% 100% The total grade needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). The CPA PREP Syllabus 52

59 Module Outline LESSON 1.1: INTRODUCTION Levels of government and their roles in the Canadian tax system Sources of income tax law Sources of interpretation of the Income Tax Act (ITA) Process of changing tax legislation Other types of taxation Structure of the ITA LESSON 1.2: TYPES OF TAXPAYERS AND BUSINESS ENTITIES AND CMPUTATION OF INCOME Types of taxpayers and business entities Computation of income The aggregating formula for net income for tax purposes (Division B) Calculation of net income and taxable income an overview Tax rates LESSON 1.3: GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST)/HARMONIZED SALES TAX (HST) Introduction to GST/HST GST/HST registration GST/HST rates Taxable supplies and input tax credit (ITCs) Collection of GST/HST Accounting for GST/HST Remittance and filing deadlines LESSON 1.4: GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS AND THE GENERAL ANTI-AVOIDANCE RULE General administrative General anti-avoidance rule APPENDIX A: Structure of Part I of the ITA APPENDIX B: Aggregating formula for net income for tax purposes APPENDIX C: Personal income tax rates APPENDIX D: Examples of each type of supply for GST/HST purposes APPENDIX E: Filing deadlines and balance due dates APPENDIX F: Summary of civil penalties under the ITA APPENDIX G: GAAR decision tree APPENDIX H: Glossary APPENDIX I: Acronyms The CPA PREP Syllabus 53

60 LESSON 2.1: INCOME FROM AN OFFICE OR EMPLOYMENT Income from an office or employment Allowance for personal or living Director s fees LESSON 2.2: EMPLOYMENT INCOME INCLUSIONS Automobile benefits Payment by employer to employee2.2-3 Interest on employee debt Eligible housing loss Stock options LESSON 2.3: EMPLOYMENT INCOME DEDUCTIONS Deductions in computing income from employment Legal expenses of employee Travel expenses Dues and other expenses of performing duties Form T Motor vehicle and aircraft costs Registered pension plan contributions Other deductions LESSON 2.4: SALES AND HOME OFFICE EXPENSE DEDUCTIONS Sales expenses of commission employees Home office expenses Employee GST/HST rebate Summary of deductions LESSON 3.1: CAPITAL COST ALLOWANCE AND ELIGIBLE CAPITAL PROPERTY Capital cost allowance (CCA) CCA calculations Eligible capital property LESSON 3.2: BUSINESS INCOME INTRODUCTION Business income: Basic rules and principles Business income versus property income Business income versus property gains Business income versus capital gains Timing of reporting of business/property income The CPA PREP Syllabus 54

61 LESSON 3.3: BUSINESS INCOME DETERMINATION OF PROFIT AND INCLUSIONS Determination of profit Inclusions LESSON 3.4: BUSINESS INCOME - DEDUCTIONS General limitations on deductions Specific limitations Financing: interest and expenses Deductible reserves Various other deductions APPENDIX A: Common CCA classes LESSON 4.1: PROPERTY INCOME Property income: Introduction Interest income Dividend income Investment counsel fees Rental income LESSON 4.2: TAXABLE CAPITAL GAINS AND ALLOWABLE CAPITAL LOSSES GENERAL RULES General rules Special types of capital property Business investment loss (BIL) Special rules LESSON 4.3: TAXABLE CAPITAL GAINS AND ALLOWABLE CAPITAL LOSSES SPECIAL RULES Special rules LESSON 4.4: OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME, OTHER DEDUCTIONS AND DEFERRED INCOME PLANS Other sources of income Other deductions Deferred income plans APPENDIX A: Schedule outlining rollover available LESSON 5.1: STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIP AND THEIR EFFECT ON CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS The CPA PREP Syllabus 55

62 5.1-1 Related and non-arm s-length persons relationships between taxpayers Associated corporations LESSON 5.2: RULES FOR SPECIAL DISPOSITIONS OF CAPITAL PROPERTY Rules for special dispositions of capital property Replacement property Disposition of land and building together Non-arm s-length acquisitions Change in use of property Loss on certain transfers Consideration FMV LESSON 5.3: CALCULATION OF TAXABLE INCOME FOR AN INDIVIDUAL Common deductions in calculating taxable income Overview of loss-carryover system Capital gains deduction (CGD) LESSON 5.4: CALCULATION OF FEDERAL TAX PAYABLE FOR AN INDIVIDUAL Tax payable for an individual Non-refundable tax credits Refundable tax credits Alternative minimum tax (AMT) Clawback of Employment Insurance and Old Age Security Family tax cut (FTC) credit income splitting APPENDIX A: Summary of rules related to carryover balances APPENDIX B: Summary of more common non-refundable tax credits LESSON 6.1: NET INCOME, TAXABLE INCOME AND TYPES OF INCOME FOR A CORPORATION Net income for a corporation Taxable income for a corporation Types of corporations Types of income for a CCPC LESSON 6.2: TAX PAYABLE FOR A PUBLIC CORPORATION The CPA PREP Syllabus 56

63 6.2-1 Tax payable for a public corporation LESSON 6.3: TAX PAYABLE FOR PRIVATE CORPORATIONS INCLUDING CCPCs Tax payable for a CCPC Taxation of ABI: The small business deduction (SBD) Taxation of personal-services business income Taxation of aggregate investment income (AII) Additional refundable tax (ART) on CCPC investment income Taxation of dividend income Connected corporations Refundable dividend tax on hand (RDTOH) Capital dividend account (CDA) (Level B) Summary of refundable tax system (Level B) Summary of corporate tax rates (Level B) LESSON 6.4: INTEGRATION AND TAX PLANNING FOR INDIVIDUALS Integration under the ITA revisited Owner-manager tax planning Lifelong tax planning for all TAX PLANNING FOR CORPORATIONS The CPA PREP Syllabus 57

64 STRATEGY AND GOVERNANCE MODULE Module 10: Performance Management The CPA PREP Syllabus 58

65 MODULE 10: PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Core Course Prerequisites: Module 1: Introductory Financial Accounting Module 2: Introductory Management Accounting Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module 9: Intermediate Management Accounting Module Description This six-week module serves as an introductory performance management module in a business context. You examine the importance of governance and corporate social responsibility and the pivotal roles they play in strategy formulation and execution through the development, formulation and implementation stages of strategy. The strategy-development stage takes the student through the process of environmental scanning and industry analysis and the development of corporate mission, vision and values, while strategy formulation looks at types of strategies and the evaluation of strategic alternatives and the measurement of their performance. Finally, the strategyimplementation stage explores company characteristics and other factors that can positively or adversely affect the implementation of a strategy, including the management of change. Grading: Quizzes 12% Assignments 18% Exam 70% 100% The total grade needed to pass this module is 60% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP Module Outline: TOPIC 1.1: GOVERNANCE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Governance in different types of organizations Governance structure TOPIC 1.2: THE ROLE OF GOVERNANCE IN MITIGATING THE PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROBLEM The CPA PREP Syllabus 59

66 1.2-1 Incentives and monitoring Government oversight and regulation External auditors role in governance Boards of Directors challenges and solutions Board of Directors self-evaluation and renewal Ethics and good governance TOPIC 1.3: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY The stakeholder model Sustainable organizations and creating sustainable stakeholder value Measuring corporate social responsibility Reporting on CSR compliance and risks Incentives and monitoring of CSR reporting Environmental management and reporting TOPIC 2.1: MISSION, VISION, VALUES AND OBJECTIVES Nature, role and characteristics of statements Development of mission, vision and values statements Developing goals and objectives Governance over information systems TOPIC 2.2: ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING AND INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Environmental scanning The broader social environment macro forces affecting organizations Industry analysis Internal analysis TOPIC 2.3: TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING AND INDUSTRY ANALYSIS PESTEL Industry life cycle model Porter s Five Forces Value-chain analysis Profit-pool analysis Resources, capabilities and core competency analysis SWOT analysis TOPIC 3.1 STRATEGY FORMULATION Nature and benefits of strategic management Levels of strategy in an organization Strategies that support a customer value proposition The CPA PREP Syllabus 60

67 3.1-4 Strategic vehicles Business strategies at different stages of an industry s life cycle Alternative approaches to growth Internationalism TOPIC 3.2 STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION Implementing strategy Organizational structures Critical elements in successful strategy implementation TOPIC 3.3 STRATEGIC CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT Strategic control Design of a performance-measurement system Evaluation and incentive systems, and their link to strategy Policies, procedures and codes of conduct Role of corporate governance TOPIC 4.1 STRATEGIC CONTROL AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT Strategic control Design of a performance-measurement system Evaluation and incentive systems, and their link to strategy Policies, procedures and codes of conduct Role of corporate governance TOPIC 4.2 MANAGING RISK Risk-management process Types of enterprise risk Techniques for risk measurement and evaluation Risk-response alternatives Contingency planning TOPIC 4.3 MANAGEMENT REPORTING NEEDS AND SYSTEMS Governance over information systems Systems design, acquisition and development Systems development methodologies Systems acquisition processes Project management principles TOPIC 5.1 TOOLS FOR STRATEGIC COST AND CAPACITY MANAGEMENT The CPA PREP Syllabus 61

68 5.1-1 Target costing Capacity resource planning Outsourcing as a means to increase capacity and reduce costs TOPIC 5.2 IMPROVING EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS Business process management Business process re-engineering Just-in-time production Lean management Customer relationship management Enterprise resource planning TOPIC 5.3 QUALITY MANAGEMENT Quality control and quality assurance Total Quality Management Cost of quality Quality measurement systems TOPIC 6.1 MONITORING AND EVALUATION TOOLS Management by objectives Activity-based costing (ABC) and Activity-based management (ABM) Balanced scorecard TOPIC 6.2 RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING Responsibility centres and controllability Types of responsibility centres and performance reports TOPIC 6.3 RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING AND PERFORMANCE IN NFPO AND GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS Characteristics of not-for-profit organizations A management control framework in not-for-profit organizations The CPA PREP Syllabus 62

69 GENERAL BUSINESS MODULES Module 3: Economics Module 4: Statistics Module 11: Business Law Module 12: Information Technology The CPA PREP Syllabus 63

70 MODULE 3: ECONOMICS Non-Core Course Prerequisites None Module Description Both microeconomics and macroeconomics play a role in business decisions and strategy formulation. Whether formulating strategy at the functional, business or corporate level, professional accountants must have a basic understanding of economics and the impact it has on business. This module introduces microeconomics and macroeconomics as the basis for making smart choices in life as consumers, businesspeople, investors and informed citizens judging government policies. Microeconomics focuses on a cost/benefit analysis of all decisions. Topics include gains from trade, how prices coordinate choices, the roles of competition and monopoly, efficiency/equity trade-offs, government versus market failures, environmental policies and income/wealth distributions. Macroeconomics focuses on the performance of market economies measured by GDP growth, unemployment and inflation and appropriate roles for government monetary and fiscal policies. Topics include GDP, economic growth, business cycles, unemployment, inflation, money and the Bank of Canada, exchange rates, government deficits, the national debt, globalization and trade policy. Resources Cohen and Howe, Economics for Life: Smart Choices for You (Micro), 1 st edition (Pearson Canada, 2010) (includes in-text Study Guide) Cohen and Howe, Economics for Life: Smart Choices for All? (Macro), 1 st edition (Pearson Canada, 2011) (includes in-text Study Guide) Grading MyEconLab microeconomics quizzes (2 quizzes, 5% each) 10% MyEconLab macroeconomics quizzes (2 quizzes, 5% each) 10% Final exam 80% 100% The CPA PREP Syllabus 64

71 Quizzes grades are based on the marks you receive. The total grade needed to pass the module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). Module Outline Microeconomics Chapter 1 Scarcity, Opportunity Cost, Trade Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 The Law of Demand The Law of Supply Demand and Supply Government Choices, Markets, Efficiency, and Equity Opportunity Costs, Economic Profits and Losses and the Miracle of Markets Monopoly and Competition Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost Monopoly Rules: Government Regulation, Competition, and the Law Externalities, Carbon Taxes, Free Riders, and Public Goods Demand and Supply in Input Markets, and Income and Wealth Distributions Macroeconomics Chapter 01 Macroeconomics and Microeconomics Chapter 02 Chapter 03 Chapter 04 Chapter 05 Chapter 06 Chapter 07 GDP, Economic Growth, and Business Cycles Unemployment and Inflation Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Demanders and Suppliers of Money Exchange Rates with the Rest of the World Monetary Policy and the Bank of Canada The CPA PREP Syllabus 65

72 Chapter 08 Chapter 09 Fiscal Policy, Deficits, and National Debt Globalization and Trade Policy The CPA PREP Syllabus 66

73 MODULE 4: STATISTICS Non-Core Course Prerequisites None Module Description The object of this module is to give you an understanding of the role of statistics in business and commerce. It will become clear how pervasive the use of statistics has become and how essential the basic concepts are to modern business practice. You will learn thoroughly the basics of data analysis and the fundamental notion of statistical inference. The statistics learned in this module will provide the knowledge necessary for you to apply the basic techniques in a wide variety of circumstances and, perhaps more importantly, will enable you to assess the legitimacy and significance of the many and varied reports that you will come across during your career. The module will enable you to understand and analyze the future impact of decisions throughout an organization. It will give you the necessary knowledge, tools and skills to analyze problems logically, carry out mathematical operations, and investigate issues scientifically. Resources McClave, Benson, Sincich, Statistics for Business and Economics, Twelfth Edition (Pearson, 2014) Grading MyStatLab quizzes (four quizzes, 5% each) 20% Final examination (three hours) 80% 100% Quizzes grades are based on the marks you receive. The total grade needed to pass the module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP). Module Outline Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Statistics, Data and Statistical Thinking Methods for Describing Sets of Data Probability The CPA PREP Syllabus 67

74 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Random Variables and Probability Distribution Sample Distributions Inferences Based on a Single Sample: Estimation with Confidence Intervals Inferences Based on a Single Sample: Tests of Hypothesis Inferences Based on Two samples: Confidence Intervals and tests of Hypothesis Design of Experiments and Analysis of Variance Categorical Data Analysis Simple Linear regression Multiple Regression Model Building Methods for Quality Improvement: Statistical Process Control Time Series: Descriptive Analyses, Models, and Forecasting The CPA PREP Syllabus 68

75 MODULE 11: BUSINESS LAW Non-Core Course Prerequisites None Module Description The purpose of this module is to furnish students with the necessary tools to avoid potential legal problems, to recognize those situations calling for legal expertise, and to communicate more effectively with legal counsel. To that end, students are introduced to the Canadian legal system; tort law and professional liability; the principles of contract law; the law governing specific kinds of commercial contracts, including sales, insurance, and employment; debtor and creditor relations; and forms of business organization agency, sole proprietorship, partnership, and incorporation. Grading The exam is worth 100% of the module mark. There are quizzes, but they are not graded. The total mark needed to pass the module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA Professional Education Program). Module Outline Part 1 Legal fundamentals: Topics include an introduction to law; sources of Canadian law and the legal system; and using the courts an overview of civil procedure. Part 2 Law of torts: It includes an introduction to tort law; general principles of tort law; intentional torts; torts relevant to business; and negligence. Part 3 Contract law: Topics include elements of a valid contract; privity of contract and assignment of contractual rights; the requirement of writing; interpreting contracts; contractual defects; the discharge of contracts; and breach of contract. The CPA PREP Syllabus 69

76 Part 4 Law related to business entities: Topics include agency relationships; forms of business organizations; and corporate law. Part 5 Business relationships: It covers the sale of goods; consumer protection; banking; secured transactions and creditors rights; employment law; competition; environmental protection; and international business law. Part 6 Property rights in law: This part discusses real property; personal property; and intellectual property. The CPA PREP Syllabus 70

77 MODULE 12: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Non-Core Course Prerequistes None Module Description This is an introductory module that covers the use of computer-based information systems in management and accounting. After completing this module, students will have the knowledge required to make informed decisions about the applications of information technology. Grading The exam is worth 100% of the module mark. There are quizzes, but they are not graded. The total grade needed to pass this module is 50% (with an average of 65% across all core prerequisite modules required for entry into the CPA PEP. Module Outline Part 1 The business of IT: managerial theories and IT decision-making. Topics include defining information technology (IT); IT jobs and roles; the link between corporate strategy and IT; organization and modeling of IT departments; use of consultants; outsourcing; and licensing management. Part 2 Information technology fundamentals technical topics: This topic covers what is a computer?; networking and communications; database management systems; data warehousing; systems development life cycle; tools during the SDLC; Internet business models; types of computing systems; transaction processing in typical business and accounting applications; and the main information platforms. Part 3 Security, control frameworks and auditing: This part focuses on security; fraud; and auditing computer-based systems. The CPA PREP Syllabus 71

78 Part 4 Key emerging trends: Topics include virtual private networks and privacy; virtualization; green computing; in-memory computing; big data; the Internet of everything; cloud computing; and 3D printing. The CPA PREP Syllabus 72