Reported Road Casualties Great Britain: 2014 Annual Report. Moving Britain Ahead

Transcription

1 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Movig Britai Ahead September 2015

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3 DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT WELSH ASSEMBLY GOVERNMENT REPORTED ROAD CASUALTIES GREAT BRITAIN 2014 Published: September 2015

4 The Departmet for Trasport has actively cosidered the eeds of blid ad partially sighted people i accessig this documet. The text will be made available i full o the Departmet s website. The text may be freely dowloaded ad traslated by idividuals or orgaisatios for coversio ito other accessible formats. If you have other eeds i this regard please cotact the Departmet. Departmet for Trasport Great Mister House 33 Horseferry Road Lodo SW1P 4DR Telephoe Geeral equiries Website Crow copyright 2015 Copyright i the typographical arragemet rests with the Crow. You may re-use this iformatio (ot icludig logos or third-party material) free of charge i ay format or medium, uder the terms of the Ope Govermet Licece v3.0. To view this licece visit or write to the Iformatio Policy Team, The Natioal Archives, Kew, Lodo TW9 4DU, or [email protected]. Where we have idetified ay third-party copyright iformatio you will eed to obtai permissio from the copyright holders cocered. A Natioal Statistics publicatio produced by Trasport Statistics: DfT Natioal Statistics are produced to high professioal stadards set out i the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. They udergo regular quality assurace reviews to esure that they meet customer eeds. They are produced free from ay political iterferece. Prepared for publicatio by: Daryl Lloyd David Wilso David Mais Wilmah Deda Ail Bhagat Further iformatio ad queries cocerig this publicatio should be directed to: RSS, 2/13, Great Mister House, 33 Horseferry Road, Lodo SW1P 4DR, Tel: +44 (0) , [email protected] Ackowledgemet The Departmet exteds its grateful thaks to police forces ad their officers for their cotributio towards reducig road casualties, icludig the collectio of STATS 19 data upo which this publicatio is based, ad without which this govermet ad road safety orgaisatios would be much less well iformed.

5 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai (RRCGB) - Idex of tables Ref. Table ame Page Itroductio ad Key fidigs 9 Article 1 Mai Results Article 2 Aalysis of cotributory factors i reported persoal ijury road accidets: Article 3 Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualties Great Britai 57 Article 4 Self reported Drik ad Drug drivig: Crime Survey Eglad ad Wales : 2014/15 73 RAS10: Road accidets ivolvig persoal ijury which have bee reported to the police RAS10001 Reported accidets by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10002 Reported accidets ad accidet rates by road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, RAS10003 Reported accidets by road class, speed limit ad severity, Great Britai, average, RAS10004 Reported accidets by severity, umber of casualties ivolved, built-up ad o built-up roads ad road class, Great Britai, RAS10005 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10006 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, weather coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10007 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads, speed limit ad street lightig, Great Britai, RAS10008 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, lightig coditios, special coditios ad carriageway hazards, Great Britai, RAS10009 Reported accidets by juctio type, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10010 Reported sigle vehicle accidets by object hit off carriageway, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10011 Reported accidets by umber of vehicles ivolved, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, RAS10012 Reported accidets ivolvig pedestrias ad oe vehicle by severity ad vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS10013 Reported persoal ijury road accidets, by severity, Great Britai, RAS10014 Reported accidets by regio, local authority, road class ad vehicles licesed, Eglad, RAS10015 Reported accidets by regio, local authority, road surface coditio ad severity, Eglad, RAS10016 Reported accidets by parliametary costituecy ad accidet severity, Great Britai, 2014 web oly RAS20: Vehicles ivolved i reported road accidets RAS20001 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets ad ivolvemet rates by vehicle type ad severity of accidet, Great Britai, RAS20002 Drivers i reported accidets by geder, umber ijured, road user type ad age, Great Britai, RAS20003 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by accidet severity ad vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS20004 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by vehicle type, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad accidet severity, Great Britai, RAS20005 Vehicles ivolvemet rates for reported accidets, by vehicle type, urba ad rural roads, road class, accidet severity ad traffic, Great Britai, RAS20006 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by juctio type, vehicle type, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, RAS20007 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets skiddig or overturig, ad towig by road surface coditio, special coditios at site ad vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS20008 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by vehicle type ad maoeuvre, Great Britai, RAS20009 Vehicles ivolved i reported persoal ijury road accidets, by vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS20010 Vehicles i reported persoal ijury accidets by jourey purpose of driver/rider ad by vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS30: Casualties ivolved i reported road accidets RAS30001 Reported road casualties by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, compariso of 2014 with average ad RAS30002 Reported casualties by road user type, age ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30003 Reported casualties by severity, Great Britai, RAS30004 All reported casualties by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30005 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties, by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30006 Reported casualties by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30007 Reported casualties by severity, by police force area, Great Britai, RAS30008 Reported casualties by severity, by local authority area, Great Britai, RAS30009 Reported casualties by geder, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, RAS30010 Reported casualties by geder, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, average, RAS30011 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by geder, road user type ad age, Great Britai, average, RAS30012 Reported casualties by time of accidet ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30013 Reported casualty rates by road user type ad severity, Great Britai,

6 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai (RRCGB) - Idex of tables Ref. Table ame Page RAS30014 Reported casualties by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30015 Reported casualties by daylight ad darkess, weather coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30016 Reported casualties by built-up ad o built-up roads ad motorways, severity ad road user type, Great Britai, RAS30017 Casualties i reported accidets ivolvig vehicles of differet types by built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30018 Reported casualty ad accidet rates by urba ad rural roads, road class, road user type, severity ad pedestria ivolvemet, Great Britai, RAS30019 Reported casualties by accidet ad casualty severity ad road user type, Great Britai, RAS30020 Reported casualties ad casualty rates by moth, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30021 Reported casualties by day, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, RAS30022 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by day, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, RAS30023 Reported casualties all days, by severity, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, RAS30024 Reported casualties by age bad, road user type ad severity, RAS30025 Reported casualty rates by age bad, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30026 Reported pedestria casualties locatio by age bad ad by severity, Great Britai, RAS30027 Reported pedestria casualties by locatio, age, road crossig type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30028 Reported casualties by age, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30029 Reported casualties i cars, by severity, age, seatig positio, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, RAS30030 Reported child casualties i accidets occurrig betwee 7:30 ad 8:59am or betwee 3:00 ad 4:59pm o a school day, by road user type, severity, geder ad age, Great Britai, RAS30032 Reported casualties by regio, coutry ad severity, Uited Kigdom, average, RAS30033 Reported casualties by built-up ad o built-up roads, road class, regio ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30034 Reported casualties by severity, road user type ad coutry, Uited Kigdom, RAS30035 Deaths by age ad geder, from all causes, all accidetal deaths ad all road deaths, Great Britai, RAS30036 Casualties resultig from reported persoal ijury road accidets, by age ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30037 Reported casualties i accidets, by jourey purpose ad casualty type, Great Britai, RAS30038 Reported casualties by severity, regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average 171 RAS30039 Reported child casualties by severity, regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average 183 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle miles/kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average 192 RAS30043 Reported casualties by severity, regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, RAS30044 Reported casualties by severity, regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average 212 RAS30045 Reported casualty rate per millio populatio by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, RAS30046 Reported casualties by severity, regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, RAS30053 Reported casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average 236 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, RAS30059 Reported road accidet casualties by severity, Great Britai, RAS30060 Reported fatalities by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30061 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30062 Reported childre killed or seriously ijured by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30063 Reported slightly ijured casualties by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30064 Reported pedestria casualties by age, Great Britai, RAS30065 Reported pedal cyclist casualties, Great Britai, RAS30066 Reported motorcycle user casualties, Great Britai, RAS30067 Reported car user casualties, Great Britai, RAS30068 Reported other road user casualties, Great Britai, RAS30069 Reported road accidet casualties by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS30070 Relative risk of differet forms of trasport, Great Britai, RAS30071 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI rates by type of rider/driver, Great Britai, RAS30072 Reported motorcyclist casualties: Ijuries by type of vehicle ad age of casualty, Great Britai, RAS30073 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by age ad sex, Great Britai, RAS30074 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by road class, Great Britai, RAS30075 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by day of week (idexed), Great Britai, RAS30076 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by time of day (idexed), Great Britai, RAS30077 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI umber ad rate by moth of year (idexed), Great Britai, RAS30078 Reported motorcyclist casualties by severity, type of accidet ad other party ivolved i accidet with the motorcycle, Great Britai, RAS30079 Reported casualties by parliametary costituecy ad accidet severity, Great Britai, 2014 web oly RAS30080 Reported weather-adjusted fatalities by road user type, Great Britai, RAS30081 Reported road casualties o the strategic road etwork by road class ad severity, Eglad, RAS40: Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties RAS40001 Reported accidets ad casualties, populatio, vehicle populatio, idex of vehicle mileage, by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, RAS40002 Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties by severity, road class, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, RAS40003 Reported accidets ad casualties by severity, road type ad speed limit, Great Britai, RAS40004 Reported accidets, vehicle user ad pedestria casualties by area type ad combiatio of vehicles ivolved, Great Britai, RAS40005 Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties by vehicle type ad left had drive, Great Britai, RAS40006 Log term treds ad summary statistics, Great Britai, average, 2013 ad

7 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai (RRCGB) - Idex of tables Ref. Table ame Page RAS40007 Reported road accidets ad casualties, Great Britai, RAS41: Strategic Framework for Road Safety outcome idicators RAS41001 Strategic Framework for Road Safety outcome idicators, Great Britai, average, RAS41002 Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualties by local authority, Eglad, ad average 289 RAS41003 Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle miles/kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average 293 RAS41004 Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per millio populatio by local authority, Eglad, ad average 301 RAS50: Cotributory factors RAS50001 Cotributory factors: Reported accidets by severity, Great Britai, RAS50002 Cotributory factors of reported accidets, Great Britai, RAS50003 Cotributory factors: Reported accidets by road class, Great Britai, RAS50004 Reported accidets ivolvig pedestrias with cotributory factors, Great Britai, RAS50005 Cotributory factors: Vehicles i reported accidets by vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS50006 Most commo pairs of cotributory factors reported together, Great Britai, RAS50007 Cotributory factors: Casualties i reported accidets by severity, Great Britai, RAS50008 Reported accidets ad casualties where speed was reported as a cotributory factor, by severity, Great Britai, RAS50009 Vehicles with speed factors reported by vehicle type, Great Britai, RAS50010 Percetage of vehicles with selected cotributory factors which also had a speed factor reported, Great Britai, RAS50011 Reported accidets ad vehicles icluded i the cotributory factor aalysis, Great Britai, RAS50012 Cotributory factors: Reported accidets by coutry, Great Britai, RAS50013 Reported road casualties resultig from accidets, by cotributory factor, regio ad coutry, Great Britai, Reported accidets where a police officer atteded the scee, by cotributory factor, local authority ad regio, Great Britai, RAS web oly RAS50015 Cotributory factors to motorcycle accidets by egie size, Great Britai, RAS51: Drik drive RAS51001 Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties i Great Britai, RAS51002 Breath tests ad breath test failures by drivers ad riders ivolved i reported accidets, RAS51003 Reported breath tests ad breath test failures, all drivers ad riders ivolved by day of week ad time of day, Great Britai, RAS51004 Reported breath tests ad breath test failures by road user type ad age, Great Britai, RAS51005 Estimated umber of reported drik drive casualties, by casualty type, Great Britai, RAS51006 Drivers ad riders killed: percetage over the legal blood alcohol limit, Great Britai, RAS51007 Proportio of killed drivers/riders resultig from reported accidets i each BAC, by age, Great Britai, RAS51008 Killed ad seriously ijured casualties i reported accidets ivolvig youg drivers (17-24 years old) over the legal alcohol limit, Great Britai, RAS51009 Blood alcohol levels of reported fatalities aged 16 ad over, Great Britai, RAS51010 Estimated umber of reported road accidets ivolvig a car drik driver, by driver age, accidets per licece holder ad per mile drive, Great Britai, 2003 ad RAS51011 Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties, by moth, Great Britai, RAS51012 Reported drik drive accidets, by time of day, Great Britai, 2003 ad RAS51013 Reported drik drive accidets by pedestria ivolvemet, Great Britai, RAS51014 Drivers ad riders i ijury road accidets: breath tests ad failures, Great Britai, RAS51015 Car drivers i ijury road accidets, breath tests ad failures, Great Britai, RAS51016 Reported roadside screeig breath tests ad breath test failures: Eglad ad Wales, RAS51017 Screeig test results, by reaso for test, RAS51018 Results of screeig breath tests followig a road traffic collisio, RAS51019 Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties, by regio, Great Britai, RAS51020 Car drivers i reported ijury road accidets, breath tests ad failures by regio, Eglad, RAS51021 Reported motorcyclist breath tests ad failure rates by age, Great Britai, RAS51101 Reported drik drivig, 2009/ / RAS51102 Percetage reportig drivig whilst thikig they are over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i last 12 moths, by sex ad age, 2009/ / RAS51103 Reported drug drivig, 2009/ / RAS51104 Percetage reportig drivig whilst uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i last 12 moths, by sex ad age, 2009/10 ad 2014/ RAS52: Iteratioal comparisos RAS ad 2014 (provisioal) 365 RAS53: Passeger casualty rates for differet modes of travel RAS53001 Passeger casualty rates by mode, RAS54: Survey data RAS54001 Ijuries i road accidets, NTS compared to STATS RAS54002 Road user type of adults ijured i road accidets, NTS compared to STATS RAS54003 Ijuries sustaied i road accidet i the last three years: NTS (2012/14) 375 7

8 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai (RRCGB) - Idex of tables Ref. Table ame Page RAS54004 Estimates of the aual o-fatal road casualties i Great Britai, NTS compared to STATS RAS60: Accidet ad casualty costs RAS60001 Average value of prevetio per reported Casualty ad per reported road accidet, Great Britai, RAS60002 Average value of prevetio of reported road accidets by road type, Great Britai, RAS60003 Total value of prevetio of reported accidets by severity ad cost elemet, Great Britai, RAS60004 Total value of prevetio of reported accidets by severity ad road type, Great Britai, RAS61: Motor vehicle offeces RAS61001 Motor vehicle offeces: fidigs of guilt at all courts, fixed pealty otices ad writte warigs, by type of offece, Eglad ad Wales, Notes, defiitios, symbols ad covetios 389 Notes to Tables 395 Caledar of Evets 401 Natioal Form MG NSRF/A 407 Cotact details for Scottish, Welsh ad Norther Irish Statistics Offices 411 Trasport Statistics User Group 411 CLIP statistics cotact details 412 Summary Ifographics

9 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Itroductio to the 2014 Aual Report About this report The Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai (RRCGB) Aual Report: 2014 presets detailed statistics (headlie figures were first published i Jue 2015) about the circumstaces of persoal ijury accidets, icludig the types of vehicles ivolved, the resultig casualties ad factors which may cotribute to accidets. I additio to detailed tables there are three articles cotaiig further aalysis o specific road safety topics. Most of the statistics i the report are based o iformatio about accidets reported to the police. However, other sources such as mortality, survey ad hospital data are also used as well as populatio ad traffic data to provide a wider cotext. Key fidigs: There were 1,775 reported road deaths i 2014, a icrease of 4 per cet compared with This is the third lowest year o record behid 2012 ad However, this rise is ot statistically sigificat. The umber of people seriously ijured i reported road traffic accidets icreased by 5 per cet to 22,807 i A total of 194,477 people were killed or ijured i reported road accidets i 2014, the first icrease i overall casualties sice Traffic levels i 2014 were 2.4 per cet higher tha i This would have lead to a icreased exposure for road users. A statistical model has idicated that had the weather throughout 2014 bee closer to the log term average the there may have bee aroud 40 fewer fatalities durig the year. Whe adjusted for the weather, the umber of fatalities would have rise by 1 per cet from 2013 to Oce a adjustmet is made for the weather for all years back to 1991, the small rise i fatalities i 2014 is the first rise sice The most commo factor which cotributed to accidets i 2014 was drivers failig to look properly. This factor has remaied the most frequetly occurrig oe sice 2005, whe cotributory factors were first itroduced. I 2014/15 aroud 6.2 per cet of drivers said that they had probably drive whilst over the legal alcohol limit ad 0.9 per cet of drivers thought that they had drive uder the ifluece of illegal drugs i the last year. These proportios are ot sigificatly differet from those reported for 2013/14. Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 1 9

10 Itroductio The Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report presets detailed statistics about the circumstaces of persoal ijury accidets, icludig the types of vehicles ivolved, the resultig casualties, ad factors which may cotribute to accidets occurrig. Most of the statistics i the publicatio are based o iformatio about accidets reported to the police (usig Stats19 forms). However, other sources such as mortality ad survey data are also used as well as populatio ad traffic data to provide a wider cotext. The headlie accidet ad casualty figures for 2014 were published i Jue The majority of the tables icluded here provide more detailed breakdows of these headlie figures. However, there are umber of tables cotaiig fresh updates of data that do ot come directly from the police records (for istace, death registratios, motorig offeces ad the valuatio of prevetio of accidets) ad some tables that have bee icluded for the first time ever (weather-adjusted road casualty figures). The report also cotais four articles: A overview of reported road casualties i This is the origial article that accompaied the Mai Results release from Jue It has bee icluded here for coveiece. A aalysis of the cotributory factors to reported accidets. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics Self-reported drik ad drug drivig i 2014/15 Overview of reported casualties There were 1,775 reported road deaths i 2014, a icrease of 4 per cet compared with Fatalities i reported road accidets: GB, , average 1,775 4% sice '13 1,713 '00 '05 '13 '14 Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 2 10

11 The 1,775 road deaths i 2014 is the third lowest aual total o record after 2012 ad There were 45 per cet fewer fatalities i 2014 tha a decade earlier i Pedestrias accouted for three quarters of the icrease i fatalities betwee 2013 ad Pedestria fatalities icreased by 12 per cet from 398 i 2013 to 446 i The umber of people seriously ijured i reported road traffic accidets icreased by 5 per cet to 22,807 i 2014, compared with There was a total of 194,477 casualties of all severities i reported road traffic accidets durig 2014, the first icrease i overall casualties sice A total of 146,322 persoal-ijury road traffic accidets were reported to the police i Of these accidets, 1,658 resulted i at least oe fatality. Vehicle traffic levels icreased by 2.4 per cet betwee 2013 ad ,775 killed 4% 22,807 serious 5% 169,895 slight 6% 311 billio vehicle miles 2% This article icludes a specific sectio o the statistical sigificace of chages i casualty umbers. This is particularly useful as it ca help users uderstad whether chages i casualty umbers are likely to be as a result of chace or owig to a geuie chage i road safety o Britai s roads. Further iformatio... The article givig a overview ad treds i reported road casualties ca be foud at: Related statistics (tables ad charts) ca be foud at: Tables RAS30059-RAS30068, RAS SFRS outcome idicators - Table RAS Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 3 11

12 Cotributory factors to reported road accidets This is a update to a article that was last produced i The cotributory factor system was itroduced i Police officers who atted the scee of a accidet are able select up to six factors which they thought had cotributed to the accidet. This iformatio is valuable for the uderstadig the cause of accidets ad idetifyig itervetios that could reduce the risk i the future. Further iformatio... The most commo factor idetified by police officers was failed to look The article Cotributory properly. This was recorded i 44 per cet of all accidets i factors to reported The cotributory factor loss of cotrol was reported i 32 per cet of fatal accidets i accidets ca be foud here. The pair of cotributor factors most frequetly recorded for the same vehicle were failed to look properly ad failed to judge other perso s path or speed. Related statistics (tables ad charts) ca be foud here. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics Reported road casualty statistics publicatios over recet years have cotaied a large umber of refereces to how we believe the weather has iflueced casualty umbers. The 2013 Aual Report icluded a specific article o weather effects. This article presets a model that we have developed with the Office for Natioal Statistics that allows us to adjust casualty figures to show what might have happeed had the weather durig each year bee closer to the log term average. I 2014, it is estimated that there would have bee 43 fewer fatalities if the temperature ad raifall had bee similar to the log term average. Oce adjusted, the icrease i fatalities betwee 2010 ad 2011 disappears, ad the 4 per cet icrease i fatalities betwee 2013 ad 2014 reduces to a 1 per cet icrease. Figures have also bee provided for other casualty severities ad for all years from 1991 owards. Further iformatio... The article Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics ca be foud here. A ew table givig weatheradjusted casualty umbers (RAS30080) ca be foud here. Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 4 12

13 Self-report drik ad drug drivig: 2014/15 This article provides a update o the levels of drivers who have reported that they have drive either whilst over the alcohol limit ad / or whilst uder the ifluece of illegal drugs. The figures for 2013/14 were published i February 2015 but the data for 2014/15 are available earlier this year, so have bee icluded here. All of these figures are draw from questios asked i the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales. Further Aroud 6.2 per cet of drivers i 2014/15 said that they believed they iformatio... had drive whilst over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i the last The article Self-reported 12 moths. This proportio has remaied broadly uchaged sice drik ad drug drivig 2012/13. ca be foud here. Aroud 0.9 per cet of drivers admitted to drivig whilst uder the ifluece of illegal drugs i the last 12 moths. This figure has remaied broadly uchaged sice 2010/11. Both drik ad drug drivig are more prevalet amogst males ad youger drivers. Statistical tables o self-reported ad policereported drik drivig ca be foud here. Chages i article coverage sice the 2013 report Rather tha cover everythig ever year, we ited to focus o certai topics each year. This gives us the flexibility to respod to emergig issues. The 2013 Aual Report icluded a separate article givig a overview of casualty treds. However, the 2014 Mai Results publicatio cotaied more detail ad commetary tha has typically bee provided i the past. We have therefore icluded this article withi the aual report istead of a ew chapter. A article o cotributory factors was last icluded i The proportios of accidets with differet factors do ot chage much each year, so there is little value i updatig it each year. Istead we will aim to update this article oce every three or four years. The article preseted here provides cotributory factor data for Although there was a article about the weather i the 2013 Aual Report, it mostly provided a overview of the affect the weather has o casualty umbers. The article cotaied here provides a statistically robust model that allows us to quatify how may more or fewer casualties there would have bee had the weather bee closer to the log term average. Although we ited to start producig statistics from hospital data agai, we still do ot have access to the data. We hope to be able to do this durig Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 5 13

14 Topics ot covered as a article i the 2014 report This sectio summarises topics which have ot bee icluded as a article. Iteratioal comparisos I compariso with other coutries, the UK remais oe of the world leaders i terms of road safety, ad its rate for child fatalities is well below the Europea average. Value of prevetio of accidets The total value of prevetio of reported road accidets i 2014 was estimated to be 16.3 billio - this icludes a estimate of the cost of damage oly accidets but does ot allow for ureported ijury accidets. This represets a icrease of 11 per cet compared with the same estimate made i 2013 (ot takig ito accout iflatio). Detailed statistics... Detailed tables o iteratioal comparisos ca be foud i RAS Detailed tables o accidet ad casualty costs ca be foud i RAS60001-RAS6004. Sice the early 1990s, the casualty valuatio has bee based o a cosistet willigess to pay (WTP) approach. For more details of the methodology, see the 2012 Aual Report. Survey data o road accidets It has log bee kow that police data do ot provide a complete record of all persoal ijury accidets ad casualties. To help address this, the Natioal Travel Survey (NTS) has icluded questios askig people about their ivolvemet i road accidets sice Our best curret estimate, derived from the NTS data, is that the total umber of road casualties i Great Britai aually, icludig those ot reported to the police, is withi the rage 660 to 830 thousad with a cetral estimate of 740 thousad. Detailed statistics... Detailed tables o survey data o road accidets ca be foud i RAS RAS For more details of the survey data methodology, see the 2012 Aual Report. Drikig ad drivig Fial estimates for 2013 show that betwee 220 ad 260 people were killed i accidets i Great Britai where at least oe driver was over the drik drive limit, with a cetral estimate of 240 deaths. Due to the ucertaity i the estimates, fatalities should be regarded as havig remaied uchaged sice The chage from 230 deaths i 2012 is ot statistically sigificat. Detailed statistics... Detailed tables o reported drik drivig ca be foud i RAS RAS Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 6 14

15 Fatalities i reported drik drive accidets: GB, Fatalities fatalities upper estimate cetral estimate lower estimate Aroud 14 per cet of all deaths i reported road traffic accidets i 2013 ivolved at least oe driver over the drik drive limit. The umber of seriously ijured casualties i drik drive accidets decreased by 8 per cet from 1,200 i 2012 to 1,100 i The total umber of casualties of all severities i drik drive accidets for 2013 was 8,270,dow 17 per cet o the 2012 figure ad the lowest total o record. The first provisioal estimates for 2014 suggest there were betwee 240 ad 340 deaths i drik drive accidets. Quarterly estimates Provisioal estimates for the first quarter of 2015 were published o 6th August. They are available here. The Q1 estimates show that road deaths decreased by 1 per cet compared with the year edig March 2014, to 1,740. I additio, there were a estimated 23,570 killed or seriously ijured casualties i the year edig March 2015, 3 per cet lower tha i the previous twelve moths. Alogside the falls i casualties, traffic volumes icreased by 1.8 per cet. It is likely that the decrease i casualty umbers will relate, at least partly, to the differece i average temperatures betwee the first quarters of 2014 ad Ja to Mar 2014 were relatively warm, at 1.3 C above the log term average. I cotrast, Ja to Mar 2015 had a lower average temperature, just below the log term average. Warmer sprig weather is frequetly associated with icreased levels of cyclig ad motorcyclig, ofte coicidig with a icrease i casualties. Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 7 15

16 Therefore it is probable that the 2014 levels were uusually high ad 2015 is much more reflective of typical coditios. Provisioal estimates for the secod quarter of 2015 will be released o 6th November It should the be clearer what the overall tred for 2015 may be like. Detailed tables The aual report also icludes detailed tables based o data reported to the police. Areas covered are listed below, with relevat table umbers i brackets: accidets (RAS10) drivers ad vehicles ivolved (RAS20) casualties (RAS30) combied accidets, casualties, vehicles (RAS40) area comparisos (RAS30038-RAS30058, RAS10014-RAS10015, RAS41002-RAS41004) iteratioal comparisos (RAS52) iter modal comparisos (RAS53) Strategic Framework for Road Safety outcome idicators (RAS41) reported drik drivig (RAS51) cotributory factors (RAS50) survey data o road accidets (RAS54) hospital admissios as a result of road accidets (RAS55) (to be updated at a later date) accidet ad casualty costs (RAS60) A full list of tables i the road safety series ad a idex likig 2009 RRCGB report table umbers with 2014 RRCGB web tables ca be foud here: Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 8 16

17 Stregths ad weakesses of the data Comparisos of road accidet reports with death registratios show that very few, if ay, road accidet fatalities are ot reported to the police. However, it has log bee kow that a cosiderable proportio of o-fatal casualties are ot kow to the police, as hospital, survey ad compesatio claims data all idicate a higher umber of casualties tha police accidet data would suggest. We have updated our estimate of the total umber of road casualties i Great Britai, icludig those ot reported to the police, i this year s Survey data o road accidets tables RAS RAS The police data are therefore ot a complete record of all ijury accidets ad this should be bore i mid whe usig ad aalysig the data icluded i this publicatio. Police data o road accidets remai the most detailed, complete ad reliable sigle source of iformatio o road casualties coverig the whole of Great Britai. We also cotiue to look at other sources of data o road accidets. Although the RRCGB 2014 aual report does ot cotai ay ew aalyses of hospital data, a article ca be foud i the 2011 aual report ad i tables RAS55001-RAS This article ad the tables will be updated at a later date. Further iformatio o complemetary sources of data o road accidets ad casualties, ca be foud i Reported Road Casualties Great Britai 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 ad 2012 aual reports, which are available through: departmet-for-trasport/series/road-accidets-ad-safety-statistics Notes 1) Further iformatio about the Reported Road Casualties Great Britai Aual Report ca be foud at: 2) O 17 December 2011, the Uited Kigdom Statistics Authority desigated these statistics as Natioal Statistics, i accordace with the Statistics ad Registratio Service Act 2007, sigifyig their compliace with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. Desigatio ca be broadly iterpreted to mea that the statistics: meet idetified user eeds; are well explaied ad readily accessible; are produced accordig to soud methods, ad Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 9 17

18 are maaged impartially ad objectively i the public iterest. The statistics were reassessed i 2013 ad cofirmed as Natioal Statistics. The report (umber 258) was published o 25th July 2013 at: assessmet-reports/idex.html. 3) Details of Miisters ad officials who receive pre-release access to these statistics up to 24 hours before release ca be foud here: 4) A full list of the defiitios used i this publicatio ca be foud here: uploads/system/uploads/attachmet data/file/48822/reported-road-casualties-gb-otes-defiitios. pdf. 5) Further iformatio o Reported Road Casualties Great Britai, icludig iformatio about the variables collected o the STATS19 form, historical publicatios ad factsheets, ca be foud at: 6) Reported accidet ad casualty data are also released at record level (subject to meetig cofidetiality requiremets) as part of the govermet s trasparecy ageda. These records ca be accessed through the data.gov website: data.gov.uk/dataset/road-accidets-safety-data. 7) The ext release of road accidets ad casualty data will be estimates for the secod quarter of 2015 o 6 November Itroductio to Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report - Page 10 18

19 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Mai Results 2014 There were 1,775 reported road deaths i 2014, a icrease of 4% compared with The 1,775 road deaths i 2014 is the third lowest aual total o record after 2012 ad There were 45 per cet fewer fatalities i 2014 tha a decade earlier i About this release This publicatio provides the umber of persoal-ijury road traffic accidets i Great Britai that were reported to the police for It also icludes the umber of people killed or ijured i these accidets ad which road user group they were i. Fatalities i reported road accidets: GB, , average 1,713 '00 '05 '13 '14 1,775 4% sice '13 Pedestrias accouted for three quarters of the icrease i fatalities betwee 2013 ad Pedestria fatalities icreased by 12 per cet from 398 i 2013 to 446 i I this publicatio The umber of people seriously ijured i reported road traffic accidets icreased by 5 per cet to 22,807 i 2014, compared with There was a total of 194,477 casualties of all severities i reported road traffic accidets durig 2014, the first icrease i overall casualties sice Summary figures... p2 Itroductio... p2 Headlie statistics... p3 Road user type... p3 Road type... p12 Explaatio of treds p14 Data limitatios... p23 Backgroud... p24 A total of 146,322 persoal-ijury road traffic accidets were reported to the police i Of these accidets, 1,658 resulted i at least oe fatality. Vehicle traffic levels icreased by 2.4 per cet betwee 2013 ad Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 1 19

20 Summary The summary table below shows the umber of reported road casualties i Great Britai i 2014 compared with previous years. Percetage chage from: Last year Five years ago average Killed 1,775 4% 20% 37% Seriously ijured 22,807 5% 8% 16% KSI 1 24,582 5% 9% 18% Slightly ijured 169,895 6% 13% 21% All casualties 194,477 6% 12% 21% 1 Killed or seriously ijured. Defiitio Casualty: A perso killed or ijured i a accidet. Casualties are sub-divided ito killed, seriously ijured ad slightly ijured. A full list of the defiitios used i this release ca be foud here. Itroductio This publicatio provides the umber of persoal-ijury road traffic accidets i Great Britai that were reported to the police for It also icludes the umber of people killed or ijured i these accidets ad which road user group they were i. The figures make up part of a log ruig series goig back to The curret set of defiitios ad detail of iformatio goes back to 1979, providig a log period for compariso. The iformatio used to create the statistics are collected by police forces, either through officers attedig the scee of accidets, or from members of the public reportig the accidet i police statios after the icidet. There is o obligatio for people to report accidets to the police. These figures, therefore, do ot represet the full rage of all accidets or casualties i Great Britai. Please see the sectio o stregths ad weakesses of the data for further details. All accidets that were reported to the police ad occurred o a public highway ivolvig at least oe motor vehicle, horse rider or pedal cyclist, ad where at least oe perso was ijured are icluded. Accidets that happeed o private lad (icludig private drives) or car parks are ot icluded i the statistics. Further Iformatio Iformatio about the data collected, otes, defiitios ad guidace is available at collectios/road-accidets-ad-safetystatistics. The raw data used to create the statistics (except for a few sesitive ad persoal variables) are available for reuse at data. gov.uk/dataset/road-accidets-safetydata. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 2 20

21 Headlie statistics A total of 1,775 people were killed i reported road traffic accidets i Great Britai i This is a icrease of 62 fatalities (or 4 per cet) from It is the third lowest year o record after 2012 ad There were 45 per cet fewer fatalities i 2014 tha a decade earlier i 2005 ad 37 per cet fewer tha the average. I 2014, there were 22,807 seriously ijured casualties i reported road traffic accidets. This represets a 5.3 per cet rise from 2013 but is lower tha the 23,039 seriously ijured i There was a total of 194,477 casualties of all severities i reported road traffic accidets durig This is the secod lowest level o record, though it is 5.9 per cet higher tha i It is the first icrease i overall casualties sice average The average is used as a compariso timeframe i both this publicatio ad the accompayig statistical tables. This average is the baselie for the Strategic Framework for Road Safety Outcomes. With the exceptio of 2010 to 2011, which was affected by severe weather, 2014 is the first rise i fatalities over the caledar year sice It is also the first rise i seriously ijured casualties sice A total of 146,322 persoal-ijury road traffic accidets were reported to the police i Of these accidets, 1,658 resulted i at least oe fatality. There were fewer reported accidets i both 2012 ad 2013, but the 2014 level is lower tha every other year o record except 1926 ad Casualties by road user type Historically ad still curretly, car occupats have made up the largest road user group i each casualty severity. This is because cars make up almost 80 per cet of all traffic drive i Great Britai. However, casualty umbers by road user group are ot proportioate to the total distace that the user group travels. The vulerable user groups (usually defied as pedestrias, pedal cyclists ad motorcyclist) all accout for disproportioately more casualties tha would be expected, give the distace travelled, as show i Chart 1. Further iformatio Road traffic estimates i Great Britai: 2014 Oe of the more oticeable discrepacies is for pedal cycles. Although pedal cycles have a similar fatality rate as pedestrias, at aroud 35 to 38 deaths per billio miles travelled, there is a marked differece betwee the two groups for overall reported casualties. For casualties of all severities, pedal cyclists have a similar rate to motorcyclists, at over 6,500 casualties per billio passeger miles. The rate for pedestrias is 2,110 casualties per billio miles walked. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 3 21

22 Chart 1: Casualty ad fatality rates per billio passeger miles by road user type: GB, 2014 Casualty rate per billio passeger miles 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Vulerable road user 6,744 6, , Fatality rate per billio passeger miles Useful liks Natioal Travel Survey, 2013: govermet/statistics/ atioal-travelsurvey-2013 Aual bus statistics: year edig March 2014: govermet/statistics/ aual-bus-statisticsyear-to-ed-march Pedestria ad bus passeger rates based o 2013 mileage figures scaled up for populatio growth. I 2014, car occupats accouted for 45 per cet of road deaths, pedestrias 25 per cet, motorcyclists 19 per cet ad pedal cyclists 6 per cet. Chart 2: Fatalities i reported road accidets by road user type: GB, 2014 Tables Other 80 (5%) Car occupat 797 (45%) Reported road casualties by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, table RAS Pedal cyclist 113 (6%) All fatalities 1,775 Reported casualties by road user type, age ad severity, Great Britai, table RAS Pedestria 446 (25%) All reported casualties by road user type, Great Britai, table RAS Motorcyclist 339 (19%) 1. Other cosists maily of goods vehicle ad bus ad coach occupats. Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties, by road user type, Great Britai, table RAS Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 4 22

23 Car occupats The umber of car occupats killed rose by 1.5 per cet compared with 2013, reachig 797 deaths i It is ulikely that this chage of 12 deaths is statistically sigificat ad the icrease is likely to have come about by chace. See the sectio o statistical sigificace for further explaatio o this topic average Car occupat casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 43% Serious Þ 31% KSI Þ 32% All casualties Þ 28% A total of 8,035 car occupats were seriously ijured i reported road accidets. This represets a icrease of 5.2 per cet from the 2013 level. A icrease of this magitude is likely to be statistical sigificat, suggestig that the chage is as a result of geuie differeces i safety ad risk betwee 2013 ad Nevertheless, 2014 still represets the secod lowest year o record, at 2.4 per cet below the 2012 figure. Overall car occupat casualties also icreased by 5.2 per cet to 115,530 i As with seriously ijured casualties, this is the secod lowest year o record, ad the chage is large eough to probably be statistically sigificat. Car ad taxi traffic i Great Britai icreased by 1.9 per cet from 2013 to Icreases i car ad taxi traffic ca lead to a icrease i accidets ad casualties as there are more vehicles o the roads. Chart 3: Number of killed ad seriously ijured car occupats compared with car ad taxi traffic, GB: figure % chage Idex: average = Car & taxi traffic % bvm Seriously ijured 8, % Killed 1.5% figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. bvm - billio vehicle miles. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 5 23

24 Pedestrias There were 446 pedestria fatalities i reported road traffic accidets i This is a icrease of 12 per cet (or 48 fatalities) from the record low i Pedestrias aloe accouted for three quarters of the icrease i overall fatalities betwee the two years. The total for 2014 is the highest umber of pedestria deaths sice Despite this, the icrease betwee 2013 ad 2014 is ulikely to be statistically sigificat. I particular, almost all of the chage i pedestria fatalities betwee 2013 ad 2014 was for casualties aged 60 ad over. This group icreased from 146 fatalities i 2013 to 191 i This icrease does seem to be statistically sigificat, though it should be oted that it is oly a little higher tha the 183 pedestrias aged 60 or over killed i 2012 ad 184 killed i Therefore it is possible that there were actually a uexpectedly low umber of fatalities i this group i The umber of seriously ijured pedestrias i 2014 is 1.3 per cet higher tha i The total of 5,063 is still the secod lowest year o record. Similarly the umber of slightly ijured casualties icreased by 3.2 per cet to 19,239, which is exactly the same umber as i Chart 4: Number of killed ad seriously ijured pedestrias compared with the distace walked, GB: average Pedestria casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 27% Serious Þ 18% KSI Þ 18% All casualties Þ 17% figure % chage Idex: average = Distace walked % bm 1 Seriously ijured 5, Killed 1.3% % 1. Distace walked i 2014 estimated by usig the 2013 Natioal Travel Survey average distace multiplied by a estimated 2014 populatio. bm - billio miles figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 6 24

25 There has clearly bee a divergece i how the umber of pedestria fatalities ad umber of ijured pedestria casualties have chaged betwee the years. This suggests that the relatively large icrease i pedestria fatalities could be as a result of chace: either 2013 beig lower tha it might otherwise have bee, or 2014 beig higher. As will be discussed at a later poit, ay year with the same level of risk of death or ijury will result i slightly differet umbers of casualties. This is because the differece betwee a accidet occurrig or ot occurrig, or a casualty beig killed rather tha ijured, ca be very small. Small differeces i vehicle speeds, agle of the collisio, body positio, vehicle loads, etc, could result i very differet outcomes. With such fie margis, casualty figures, especially for groups cotaiig small umbers, ca chage by relatively large amouts without the chage beig as a result of a uderlyig factor. Pedal cyclists The umber of pedal cyclist fatalities has remaied betwee 104 ad 118 sice I 2014 there were 113 deaths, up 4 deaths from the 2013 figures. This chage is ot part of a meaigful tred ad is ot statistically sigificat. However, there was a 8.2 per cet rise i the umber of seriously ijured pedal cyclists to 3,401 i With the exceptio of 2012 to 2013, the umber of seriously ijured pedal cyclists has icreased every year sice the low of 2,174 i This log term rise idicates that there is a ever icreasig problem with pedal cyclist casualties average Pedal cyclist casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 13% Serious Ý 42% KSI Ý 39% All casualties Ý 29% Chart 5: Number of killed ad seriously ijured pedal cyclists compared with pedal cycle traffic, GB: figure % chage Seriously ijured Tables Idex: average = ,401 Killed 8.2% Pedal cycle traffic 3.2 bvm 3.8% Pedal cycle traffic (vehicle miles/ kilometres) i Great Britai, aual from 1949, table TRA % figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. bvm - billio vehicle miles. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 7 25

26 The total umber of reported pedal cyclist casualties rose by 9.5 per cet to 21,287 i This is the highest umber of pedal cyclist casualties sice 1999 ad a 31 per cet icrease sice the low of Pedal cyclists are the oly road user group with casualty umbers of most severities above the average. Some of the explaatio behid the risig umber of pedal cyclist casualties is i the volume of cycle traffic. O-road pedal cycle traffic rose by 3.8 per cet to 3.25 billio vehicle miles i This meas that cycle traffic has rise by 27 per cet sice 2007, ot far short of the 31 per cet rise i casualties over that period. It is likely that the icrease i cyclig has resulted i more accidets as cyclist become more exposed to motor vehicle traffic. Further Iformatio Statistics o the umber of cyclists compared to vehicle miles preseted here ca be foud i Local area walkig ad cyclig i Eglad: 2013 to 2014: here Motorcycle users There were a total of 339 motorcycle users killed i reported road accidets durig Although this is a 2.4 per cet icrease from 2013, it is oly 8 more deaths ad this chage is very ulikely to be statistically sigificat. The umber of motorcyclist deaths fell every year from almost 600 i 2006 to 328 i 2012 (Chart 6). Although there has ow bee two cosecutive aual rises it is ot yet clear whether the umber of fatalities has stabilised aroud the 335 figure, or whether this is the start of a ew upward tred average Motorcycle user casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 38% Serious Þ 8% KSI Þ 11% All casualties Þ 11% I cotrast with fatalities, there has bee a clear step icrease i the umber of motorcycle users who were seriously ijured. There were 5,289 seriously ijured casualties i 2014, a icrease of 8.7 per cet from The umber of serious ijuries is movig back towards the average ad is at the highest level sice The umber of slightly ijured motorcycle casualties has also icreased by 8.7 per cet i Overall, therefore, the total umber of motorcycle casualties across all severities i 2014 was 20,366, which is the highest figure sice Motorcycle traffic icreased by 3 per cet from This is 0.6 billio vehicle miles lower tha i The icrease i ijured casualties has therefore outstripped the icrease i traffic, idicatig that it is ot just a icrease i exposure that is drivig the uptur i casualties. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 8 26

27 Chart 6: Number of killed ad seriously ijured motorcycle users compared with motorcycle traffic, GB: figure % chage Idex: average = Seriously ijured 5, % Motorcycle traffic 2.8 bvm 339 Killed 3% 2.4% figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. bvm - billio vehicle miles. Childre (aged 15 or uder) There were 53 child deaths i 2014, 5 more tha i Over the last five years the umber of child fatalities has fluctuated betwee 48 ad 61 (Chart 7), suggestig that the figure has falle to a stable level ad the chages are a fuctio of atural variatio rather tha treds. As has bee the case historically, child fatalities occur maily i the pedestria (29 fatalities i 2014) ad car occupat (18 fatalities) categories, with a smaller umber of pedal cyclists (6 fatalities). This is because these are the forms of trasport most commoly used by childre. Relatively few childre travel i heavy goods vehicles or light vas average Child (aged 0-15) casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 58% Serious Þ 31% KSI Þ 32% All casualties Þ 30% Despite icreasig by 5 per cet, the umber of childre seriously ijured i reported road traffic accidets is still at the secod lowest ever, at 2,029 casualties. Similarly, overall childre casualties of all severities icreased by 6.2 per cet to 16,727, but 2014 is secod oly to 2013 for this total. Eve after the rises from 2013 to 2014, the umber of childre killed or ijured i reported road traffic accidets is 30 per cet lower tha the average, with deaths dow by 58 per cet over the same period. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 9 27

28 Chart 7: Number of killed ad seriously ijured childre (aged 15 or uder) compared with the child populatio, GB: figure % chage 160 Idex: average = Populatio Estimated for m Seriously ijured 2, Killed 5% 10.4% figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. Older casualties (aged 60 or over) As oted i the sectio o pedestrias above, early three quarters of the icrease i total fatalities across all user groups betwee 2013 ad 2014 are of older (aged 60 or over) pedestrias. Over all the user groups combied, the umber of older people killed o the roads icreased from 459 i 2013 to 535 i 2014, a icrease of 16.6 per cet. This icrease is statistically sigificat at the 95% cofidece level. It is also the highest level of fatalities of people aged 60 or over sice average 60+ Older (aged 60 ad over) casualties compared with the average: Killed Þ 15% Serious Ý 10% KSI Ý 7% All casualties Þ 4% As well as a icrease of 45 older pedestria fatalities, there were more older fatalities i every road user group other tha bus occupats ad goods vehicle occupats. The umber of car occupat fatalities icreased by 7.6 per cet (or 18 fatalities) ad pedal cyclist fatalities icreased by 7 people to 32 deaths. There were also icreases i the umber of older people seriously ijured i accidets. There were 4,026 seriously ijured casualties aged 60 or over i 2014, up 11.1 per cet from the 2013 level. This is a higher figure tha ay year sice Likewise with fatalities, most of the icreases i seriously ijured casualties were of car occupats Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 10 28

29 (up 10.3 per cet), pedestrias (up 14.6 per cet) ad pedal cyclists (up 19.9 per cet). Although overall casualties aged 60 ad over icreased, this was by a lower amout of 8.1 per cet. The mai reaso for this smaller icrease is that the largest severity group, slightly ijured casualties, rose by 7.3 per cet to 19,983. With the exceptio of 2010 to 2011, which was affected by severe weather, this is the first time that casualties aged 60 or over have rise sice Casualties i this age group have had less improvemets over recet years. Child ad adult (aged betwee 16 ad 59) fatalities have decreased by 58 per cet ad 42 per cet respectively from the average. Fatalities of people aged 60 or over have oly falle by 15 per cet over the same period. The gap for serious ijuries is eve greater: falls of 31 per cet for childre ad 18 per cet for adults i compariso with a icrease of 10 per cet for older people. Chart 8: Number of killed ad seriously ijured older casualties (aged 60 or over) compared with the older populatio, GB: figure % chage Idex: average = Populatio Estimated for m Seriously ijured 4, Killed 11.1% 16.6% figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. There are two key explaatios for this differetiatio. First, the proportio of the populatio aged 60 or over has icreased i recet years. I 2000, people aged 60 or over accouted for about 20.8 per cet of Great Britai s populatio. By 2013, this had rise to 23 per cet, just over a 10 per cet icrease. Correspodigly, the proportio of the populatio made up by childre has dropped from 20.2 per cet to 18.7 per cet over the same period (Chart 9). As the umber of people i the older age group icreases, we would expect to see a icrease i the umber of casualties from that age group, as log as everythig else remais the same. However, there is a further importat factor that eeds to be take ito accout. As people get older they ca become more ifirm. This ca lead to problems such as icreased slips whe walkig, Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 11 29

30 poorer depth perceptio ad a icrease i mistakes i both cogitive ad physical behaviour. These factors ca make older people, especially those at higher ages, more susceptible to havig accidets. Furthermore, age ca brig risks of more serious ijuries. So accidets that might oly ijure a youger perso ca result i more serious ijuries or death for older people. Therefore, people aged 60 or over ca be both more likely to have accidets ad at a higher risk of death or serious ijury if they are i accidets i compariso with youger age groups. Chart 9: Populatio by age group: GB, % 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Percetage of Great Britai populatio Compariso with 2000 Adults (16-59) 1.2% Older (60+) 10.3% Childre (0-15) 7% Further Iformatio Aual Mid-year Populatio Estimates, 2013, available at rel/pop-estimate/ populatio-estimatesfor-uk--eglad-adwales--scotlad-adorther-irelad/2013/ stb---mid-2013-ukpopulatio-estimates. 1. The arrows represet the percetage chage i the proportio of the populatio that each group accouts for betwee 2000 ad Casualties by road type The umber of people killed o built-up roads icreased by 9.1 per cet to 783 fatalities i This ties i with the icrease i pedestria deaths as the majority of pedestria fatalities ad ijuries happe o built-up roads. Pedestria fatalities o built-up roads icreased by 15.7 per cet whilst all other fatalities icreased by 4.6 per cet. The umber of seriously ad slightly ijured casualties o built-up roads rose by 4.2 per cet ad 7.2 per cet respectively. The umber of fatalities o o built-up roads remaied almost the same betwee 2013 ad 2014, icreasig by 1 to 896 deaths. However, there were rises of 7.4 per cet i seriously ijured Defiitios Built-up roads: Accidets o builtup roads are those which occur o roads with speed limits (igorig temporary limits) of 40 mph or less. No built-up roads refer to speed limits over 40 mph. Motorway accidets are show separately ad are excluded from the totals for built-up ad o builtup roads. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 12 30

31 casualties ad 2.4 per cet i slightly ijured casualties. There were 96 fatalities o motorways i 2014, 4 fewer tha i This chage is likely to be a reflectio of atural variatio i the figures. The umber of seriously ijured casualties o motorways rose for the secod year, by 8.8 per cet to 718. There was a smaller rise of 5.3 per cet i the umber of slightly ijured casualties. Traffic volumes o all road types icreased i Motorway traffic rose by 1.6 per cet, rural A roads by 2.0 per cet, urba A roads by 1.7 per cet, other rural roads by 5.5 per cet ad other urba roads by 2.3 per cet average Casualties o built-up roads compared with the average: Killed Þ 32% Serious Þ 13% KSI Þ 14% All casualties Þ 17% Chart 10: Number of fatalities by road type, GB: figure % chage Idex: average = Built-up roads % No built-up roads 896 0% Motorways 96 4% average Casualties o o builtup roads compared with the average: Killed Þ 40% Serious Þ 22% KSI Þ 25% 20 All casualties Þ 30% figures are show i the circles with the percetage chage represeted by the arrows. The majority of ijured casualties occurred o built-up roads (72 per cet of total casualties i 2014). However, the majority of fatalities occurred o o built-up roads (just over a half). Although motorways carry aroud 21 per cet of traffic, they oly accout for 5.4 per cet of fatalities ad 4.7 per cet of ijured casualties average Casualties o motorways compared with the average: Killed Þ 44% Serious Þ 26% KSI Þ 29% All casualties Þ 26% Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 13 31

32 Chart 11: Casualties by severity ad road type, GB: 2014 fatalities (1,775) serious (22,807) Key 50% 44% 5% 66% 31% 3% Built-up roads No built-up roads slight (169,895) all (194,477) Motorway 73% 22% 5% 72% 24% 5% Tables Reported accidets by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, table RAS Reported casualties by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, table RAS Backgroud ad explaatio of casualty treds There are a umber of factors which are likely to have cotributed to chages i the umber of people killed or ijured i reported road traffic accidets. There is evidece to suggest that ecoomic recessios have accelerated decreases i road traffic deaths. The two periods of large falls i road deaths sice 1979 ( ad ) coicided with the ad recessios. The 2015 Road Safety Aual Report from the Iteratioal Trasport Forum (ITF) highlights the relatioship betwee ecoomic coditios ad casualty umbers. The ITF estimates that two-thirds of the reductio i fatalities i IRTAD (Iteratioal Traffic Safety Data ad Aalysis Group) member coutries betwee 2008 ad 2010 were as a result of the deterioratig ecoomic coditios i the coutries. There is also evidece that the average traffic speed i free flow areas as well as the proportio of drivers exceedig the speed limit has decreased over the last decade. This might ot oly help drivers avoid accidets altogether, but also might reduce the severity ad umber of casualties whe they do occur. Techological ad egieerig improvemets to vehicles ad highways will have played a similar role i both avoidig accidets ad miimisig their cosequeces. Improved educatio ad traiig is likely to have produced better ad safer drivers. Fially, improvemets i trauma care (ad i particular the creatio of Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 14 32

33 major trauma cetres i Eglad) are likely to have helped improve outcomes oce a accidet has take place. Great Britai is ot the oly coutry to have reported icreases i reported road fatalities durig As highlighted i the ETSC (Europea Trasport Safety Coucil) 2015 PIN report, although road fatalities i Europea Uio decreased by 0.6 per cet betwee 2013 ad 2014, this masks sigificat variatios across Europe. Thirtee coutries, icludig the UK, Swede, Germay, Frace ad Irelad recorded icreases i road fatalities i 2014, ad the Netherlads remaied uchaged from Useful liks ITF, 2015, Road Safety Aual Report 2015: Summary, available at org/irtadpublic/idex.html ETSC, 2015, Rakig EU progress o road safety, 9th road safety performace idex report, available at etsc.eu/3asd4 The effect of weather o casualty umbers As has bee reported i recet publicatios, the weather has a sigificat ifluece o road casualties. Weather impact o Periods of bad weather exert ifluece o casualty umbers casualty umbers i both directios. First poor coditios ca limit visibility o the roads ad make the road surface more slippery. At a simple good weather teds to icrease level, this ca make drivig coditios more dagerous ad casualties: if drivers fail to adapt their behaviour it ca result i more accidets. To couter this, though, if drivers do respod positively to coditios, for istace, i heavy rai or whe bad weather teds to decrease drivig with the risk of sow ad ice, they ted to slow dow ad casualties: take more care, thereby both reducig the risk of collisio ad mitigatig the severity if ad whe accidets occur. Secodly, poor weather has a strog ifluece o exposure. I severe coditios, for istace durig widespread heavy sowfall, as happeed at both the start ad ed of 2010, people ca postpoe or cacel joureys, or switch to safer modes of trasport (e.g. pedal ad motorcyclists movig to other vehicle types, or road users switchig to rail istead). I less severe, but still upleasat weather, such as widy or wet coditios, some road users, especially vulerable road users such as pedal ad motorcyclists ad pedestrias, ted to switch to safer eclosed modes, such as cars ad buses. Therefore, i very bad weather, there is always a balace betwee the road coditios creatig higher risks ad users reducig their exposure to traffic by either ot travellig or udertakig modal shifts. Typically, though, bad weather usually results i a reductio of accidets as the reductio i exposure ad drivig speeds usually outweighs the icreased iheret risk of poor road coditios. Periods of uusually good weather almost always have a effect of icreasig casualties. This Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 15 33

34 is because periods of good weather ca ofte ecourage extra trips, thereby icreasig exposure. Some of these extra trips will be i relatively safer forms of trasport, maily cars. However, good weather has more sigificat ifluece o pedal ad motorcyclists as these groups are particularly sesitive to the weather. Good coditios ecourages more travel, especially i the sprig ad autum moths where pedal ad motorcyclists will be more likely to decide o what form of trasport they use depedig o the prevailig coditios. As has bee outlied i recet statistical publicatios, some recet years ad quarters have bee strogly iflueced by the weather. For istace, the widespread sowfall i 2010 had such a sigificat dampeig effect o casualty umbers that there were icreases across all severities i It is highly likely that the 2010 figures were strogly suppressed by the sow, ad without it there would have bee more casualties that year. Similarly, 2012 was the secod wettest year o record. This, agai, would have suppressed casualty umbers, especially i the vulerable road user groups. Log term average Although 2013 overall had fairly average temperatures ad raifall (LTA) (0.1 C below ad 35 mm below the respective log term averages - LTA - for 1981 to 2010 respectively), the first five moths, ad i The Met Office use 30 year particular February through to April, were colder tha the LTA. July, averages for UK temperature ad raifall to assess chages August, October ad December were all warmer tha the LTA. The i the latest temperature ad et result was Q1 ad Q2 beig 1.5 C ad 0.8 C below average raifall data. Curretly the respectively ad both Q3 ad Q4 beig 0.9 C above average. These average is used for differeces probably balaced out, resultig i lower tha expected compariso: uk/climate/uk/summaries/2014/ casualties i the first half of the year ad higher tha expected i the aual. secod half. Chart 12: UK raifall ad temperature i 2013 ad 2014 compared with the log term average Average mothly temperature (degrees celsius) Average mothly raifall (mm) Weather data Weather data is available from the Met Office here. Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Actual raifall LTA raifall Actual temp LTA temp Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 16 34

35 I cotrast, 2014 was much warmer, overall. With a average temperature of 9.9 C for the overall year, it was the warmest year o record at 1 C above the LTA. It was also oe of the wettest years o record. With 175mm more raifall tha the LTA it was the fourth wettest year, behid 2000, 2012 ad With the exceptio of August, every moth i 2014 was warmer tha the LTA. This meas that all four quarters were warmer tha the LTA: with Q1 1.3 C above, Q2 1.2 C above, Q3 0.4 C above, ad Q4 1.1 C above. The high raifall levels, though, were cofied to Jauary, February, May, August ad October. Every other moth of the year was close to the LTA except September which was the driest September o record. These weather patters i 2014 might partly explai some of the icreases i casualties. As discussed above, fie weather, especially durig late sprig, summer ad early autum, ca result i icreased levels of pedal ad motorcyclig. Traffic figures idicate that both of these activities icreased durig 2014 i compariso with As more people travel it is logical to expect that more accidets will occur. Ad whilst the moths of heavy raifall will have deterred some travel, most of the raifall fell durig the witer ad later autum moths whe fewer vulerable road users would be o the roads i the first place. It is possible, therefore, tha the extra rai durig this period could have made travellig more hazardous for motor vehicles, thereby cotributig to the icrease. There are some parallels to what the PIN report otes about Germay durig 2014: Oe of the mai reasos for the icrease of casualties i road traffic i Germay i 2014 was the weather coditios: the witer was mild ad the sprig was dry ad warm. This led to more people ridig a motorcycle, walkig ad cyclig ad therefore, sadly, more of them beig killed ad ijured i road collisios. Further iformatio ETSC, 2015, Rakig EU progress o road safety, 9th road safety performace idex (PIN) report, page 10: etsc.eu/9th-aual-road-safetyperformace-idex-pi-report/ The Departmet is part of a small workig group lookig at the effect of weather o differet statistical series. A guide to aalysig the effect of weather ad climate o official statistics has bee produced. This icludes a case study lookig at the impact of temperature o the umber of killed or seriously ijured vulerable road users: gss.civilservice.gov.uk/wp-cotet/ uploads/2015/04/explorig-the-effectof-weather-ad-climate-o-officialstatistics1.pdf Useful lik The Departmet has cotiued to do some statistical modellig work o the relatioship betwee the weather ad road casualties. We expect to report o the fidigs of this work i the Aual Report, due to be published i September Traffic As already explaied, the volume of road traffic is a key factor uderlyig the umber of accidets ad casualties. However, the relatioship is complex. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 17 35

36 At oe level, icreases i traffic volumes should lead to more accidets ad casualties. This is because the greater the umber of vehicles o the road etwork, the the greater the umber of iteractios of vehicles ad pedestrias ad the greater the likelihood of accidets occurrig. I practice this does ot always happe. There have bee 28 years where both the umber of fatalities ad traffic volumes have rise. I 22 of these years, traffic has grow faster tha fatalities. There have also bee 29 years where road traffic has rise yet fatalities have falle. The chart below shows how the fatality rate per billio vehicle miles (bvm) drive chaged from 1949 to Aside from a few exceptioal years, the fatality rate has falle almost every year from a peak of 165 deaths per bvm i 1949 to the lowest level of 5.6 deaths per bvm i 2013 ad 5.7 deaths per bvm i Chart 13: Fatalities per billio vehicle miles: GB, Fatality rate per billio vehicle miles There are a large umber of reasos why this patter of fallig fatality rates has occurred, icludig improvemets i educatio ad traiig, improvemets i vehicle techology / costructio ad highway egieerig, the itroductio of road safety policies, such as speed limits, eforcemet of legislatio, behavioural chage, ad so o. So it is clear that although road traffic must have a effect o accidet umbers, it is ot a simple or direct relatioship. Nevertheless, over the short term i the absece of other chages it is likely that sudde chages i traffic levels, such as periods of ecoomic chage or periods of severe weather, is likely to be reflected i chages i the umber of accidets to some degree. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 18 36

37 Prior to the ecoomic dowtur ad recessio i 2007, traffic had rise i almost every year sice records bega. Sice 1949, the umber of fatalities each year has falle by 0.4 per cet o average i each year traffic volumes have icreased. Over the last 20 years fatalities have falle by aroud 1.1 per cet per year o average i years of traffic growth. I cotrast with this, years of traffic reductios have led to a average fatality reductio of 7.7 per cet sice 1949 ad over 10 per cet sice It is clear, therefore, that traffic volume reductios (probably i combiatio with other factors, for istace drivers drivig more slowly to coserve fuel ad save moey) results i greater falls i fatalities tha other periods. Traffic volumes i 2014 were 2.4 per cet higher tha i This is the largest growth i overall traffic sice It is therefore likely that at least some of the icrease i fatalities ad casualties relates to the retur to a upward tred i motor vehicle traffic, which has probably bee fuelled by the improvig ecoomy. Road user groups with the largest chage i casualties However, weather coditios ad traffic volumes are probably ot solely resposible for the icrease i casualties i Table 1 shows the absolute chage i the umber of fatalities from 2013 to 2014 by age group ad road user group. The total umber of fatalities i 2014 was 62 deaths higher tha i More tha three-quarters (or 48 people) of these deaths were pedestrias with the ext largest group beig car occupats (12 deaths). Eve more otably, though, is that casualties aged 60 ad over icreased by 76 deaths, 45 of whom were pedestrias. Whilst there was a small icrease i child deaths, adult (aged betwee 18 ad 59) fatalities actually fell betwee the years. Table 1: Absolute chage i the umber of GB road fatalities from 2013 to 2014 by age group ad road user group Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Car occupats Motorcycle users Other vehicle occupats All road users Childre: 0-15 years Youg people: 0-17 years Adults: years ad over All casualties This idicates that almost all of the icrease i fatalities came from a sigle age group, ad, withi that age group, mostly withi just oe sigle road user group. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 19 37

38 I cotrast, there is a very differet patter for casualties who were seriously ijured, as show i Table 2 (givig the absolute chage ad percetage chage). Table 2: Chage i the umber of GB seriously ijured casualties from 2013 to 2014 by age group ad road user group Absolute chage Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Car occupats Motorcycle users Other vehicle occupats All road users Childre: 0-15 years Youg people: 0-17 years Adults: years ad over All casualties Percetage chage Childre: 0-15 years +1.4% -1.1% +16.8% +52.2% +5.0% Youg people: 0-17 years -0.1% +0.0% +8.9% -9.3% +1.3% Adults: years -3.4% +9.0% +3.5% +10.7% +5.0% 60 ad over +14.6% +19.9% +10.3% +6.2% +11.1% All casualties +1.3% +8.2% +5.2% +8.7% +1.0% +5.3% I absolute terms, the age group with the largest icrease was for adults, with 751 additioal casualties i 2014, of which the majority were motorcycle users (additioal 438). However, this icrease represets a 5 per cet chage, cosiderably lower tha the 11 per cet icrease i the casualties aged 60 ad over. So likewise with fatalities, a disproportioate amout of icrease i casualties was i the older age group. Ad, similarly, pedestria casualties make up a large proportio of the icrease i that age group for serious ijuries, too. Seriously ijured pedestria casualties of all ages, though, have ot chaged much betwee 2013 ad 2014, with oly a 1.3 per cet icrease. This is much lower tha the equivalet group for the fatalities. Fatalities by moth Up to the ed of October 2014 the umber of deaths were comparable with the total for the first te moths of November ad December 2014, though, were the two worst moths of the year. This is a uusual patter as i typical years the peak time for fatalities is over the summer moths, probably as a result of more pedal ad motorcyclists beig o the road. There were 369 fatalities i November ad December 2014 combied, the highest for this time of year sice Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 20 38

39 Of the 369 fatalities i the last two moths of 2014, 139 were pedestrias, very close to the total of 169 car occupat deaths. Agai, this is a differece from typical years. I most years the umber of car occupat fatalities is the largest group i every moth by a cosiderable margi. I 2014 the pedestria fatality total is much closer to the car occupat total i this period. There is a o clear reaso for this patter. The average temperature i November ad December 2014 was higher tha the log term average, although raifall was also slightly above the log term average. It is possible that warmer weather tha usual ecouraged more pedestrias to travel, but this is by o meas certai. Statistical sigificace Defiitio For the first time the Departmet has carried out some aalysis to assess for statistically sigificat chages i casualty ad accidet umbers. This should ot be cofused with the sigificace of accidets for casualties, other people ivolved i the icidet, frieds or families. Every casualty is a tragedy ad ay icrease i the umber of people killed or ijured i road traffic accidets has clear social sigificace. The purpose of testig for statistical sigificace is to separate The 95% cofidece level is the stadard agaist which statistics are typically tested. It meas that i 100 years with the same risk of fatalities (or ijury), 95 of those years will result i a umber of fatalities (or ijuries) betwee a give rage. If the actual chage falls outside of this rage the we ca be 95% cofidet that the chage is as a result of a geuie tred rather tha a product of chace. out true treds i the figures from chages that have come about through chace. A large combiatio of factors ifluece whether accidets happe at all ad, whe they do occur, how may people are affected ad how serious the outcomes are. Very small differeces ca make the differece betwee a damage-oly accidet ad oe i which people are killed. Due to this ifluece of chace, two years with the same risk of accidets will result i differet umber of fatalities ad ijuries. The Departmet has tested the chage i umber of fatalities, serious ijuries ad slight ijuries betwee 2013 ad 2014 to see which are statistically sigificat at the 95% cofidece level. Two tests have bee carried out o the fatal accidet ad fatalities figures. The first is a test to see whether the absolute chage betwee 2013 ad 2014 is statistically sigificat. The fidigs are that the chage betwee years is withi the 95% cofidece itervals, therefore the icrease is likely to have arise from atural variatio betwee the years. The secod test is to compare the umber of fatalities i 2014 with what we would have expected if ad oly if the fatality tred had cotiued i the same way as it did betwee 2000 ad Rather tha testig to see if the actual chage betwee the two years is statistically sigificat or ot, this tests to see if the tred directio or patter has udergoe a statistically sigificat chage. The same test was applied to the total umber of seriously ad slightly ijured casualties as well. The results of the secod test are show i Table 3. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 21 39

40 Table 3: 2014 fial GB road casualties compared with forecasts Fatalities Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All casualties 2013 actual 1,713 21, , , actual 1,775 22, , , cetral forecast 1,665 21, , , % upper forcecast 1,984 24, , , % lower forecast 1,397 18, , ,665 Statistically sigificat chage? No No Yes Yes Further Iformatio Further iformatio o the methodology used to test for statistically sigificat chages ca be foud at: govermet/publicatios/roadaccidets-ad-safety-statisticsguidace Chages from the forecast are statistically sigificat if they fall outside the 95% upper ad lower forecast. The actual 2014 casualty umbers for all severities were above the cetral forecast. However, the actual umber of fatalities ad seriously ijured casualties did ot exceed the 95% upper forecast. Therefore we should coclude that the 2014 icreases do ot yet represet a statistically sigificat chage from the previous tred. Istead they should strictly be iterpreted as chages that have come about through radom variatio i the casualty rates. I cotrast, though, the total umber of slightly ijured casualties was higher tha 95% upper forecast. Therefore we ca coclude that, for slightly ijured casualties at least (ad the overall total umber of casualties, as the majority of them are slightly ijured), the icrease does represet a statistically sigificat chage from the 2000 to 2013 tred. Coclusios Iterpretig the 2014 casualty figures is extremely challegig ad there are a umber of cotradictory elemets. Firstly, as idicated above, the chage i either fatalities or seriously ijured casualties is statistically sigificat. However, they have both icreased ad the fial figures are ot far off the 95% cofidece iterval. Furthermore, the umber of slightly ijured casualties has icreased ad by a statistically sigificat amout. Although the umber of fatalities, serious ijuries ad slight ijuries are ot truly idepedet, they still have some idepedet characteristics as it would ot be uusual if oe were to icrease but the others decrease. Whe three idepedet measures move i the same directio, eve if some of them do ot chage by a statistically sigificat amout, it ca suggest that the chages have ot etirely come about through radom variatio. This gives some idicatio that the uptur i figures could have bee drive by real chages, despite them failig the statistical tests for chage. There is also evidece the other way, though. As has bee discussed, the vast majority of the icrease i the umber of fatalities has bee i casualties aged 60 or older ad pedestrias. There are o obvious factors that would affect just people i this age group to such a sigificat degree. Although the proportio of the populatio aged 60 or older is icreasig, this chage is a gradual Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 22 40

41 oe, rather tha a sudde oe. This, therefore, is likely to lead to a gradual icrease i casualties rather tha step chages. It would also affect the ijured casualty umbers as well, rather tha maily the fatality figures. The absece of a mechaism for such a chage would idicate, therefore, that these chages have come about through chace or oe-off evets. The bi lorry crash i Glasgow o the 22d December 2014 is a example of such a evet. This accidet resulted i six pedestria fatalities, six further pedestria casualties, ad five further casualties i vehicles. Although, sice 1979, there have bee accidets which resulted i more pedestria casualties, this specific accidet had the highest umber of pedestria fatalities ever. This is the oly example of a sigle accidet that resulted i a large umber of pedestria fatalities durig the year, but there could have bee other equally abormal evets. Such exceptioal evets ca itroduce large oe-off chages i years that are ot as a result of uderlyig factors. The fial coclusio, therefore, is that the complexity of what happeed durig 2014 makes it impossible to be sure whether the icreases i fatalities ad ijuries i reported road traffic accidets reflect some uderlyig chages o Great Britai s roads, or whether they reflect atural variatio i accidets aroud the coutry. Stregths ad weakesses of the data Comparisos of road accidet reports with death registratios show that very few, if ay, road accidet fatalities are ot reported to the police. However, it has log bee kow that a cosiderable proportio of o-fatal casualties are ot kow to the police, as hospital, survey ad compesatio claims data all idicate a higher umber of casualties tha police accidet data would suggest. The estimates of the total umber of road casualties icludig o reported casualties i Great Britai for 2014 will be published i tables RAS54, scheduled for release i September Survey data Our curret best estimate, derived primarily from Natioal Travel Survey (NTS) data ad produced i 2014, is that the total umber of road casualties i Great Britai each year, icludig those ot reported to police, is withi the rage 630 thousad to 800 thousad with a cetral estimate of 720 thousad. The data used as the basis for these statistics are therefore ot a complete record of all persoal ijury road accidets, ad this should be bore i mid whe usig ad aalysig the figures. However, police data o road accidets, whilst ot perfect, remai the most detailed, complete ad reliable sigle source of iformatio o road casualties coverig the whole of Great Britai, i particular for moitorig treds over time. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 23 41

42 Backgroud iformatio The Departmet for Trasport publish rollig aual totals for quarters 1, 2 ad 3 of each year. The data released i the quarterly releases are provisioal as the records used are icomplete at the time of publicatio. Some forces have o, or limited, data i some of the quarters, ad some records chage betwee the provisioal publicatio ad the database beig fialised. The results from each quarter chaged slightly betwee the origial release ad table RAS Overall, for the first three quarters of the year (provisioal results for quarter 4 are ot produced), there were 2 more deaths, 102 more seriously ijured casualties (up by 0.6 per cet) ad 854 more slightly ijured casualties (up by 0.7 per cet) i the fial data i compariso with the provisioal results. These comparisos refer to the fial figures for quarter 1 ad quarter 2 data as revised with the release of quarter 3 estimates. Further iformatio quality assurace reviews to esure that they meet customer eeds. The first assessmet report (report umber 4) ad letter cofirmig that the statistics have bee desigated as Natioal Statistics are available at: The statistics were reassessed durig 2013 ad the report, umber 258, was published at the lik above o the 25th July Details of Miisters ad officials who receive pre-release access to these statistics up to 24 hours before release ca be foud here: A full list of the defiitios used i this publicatio ca be foud here: uploads/system/uploads/ attachmet data/file/48822/ reported-road-casualties-gbotes-defiitios.pdf. Further iformatio o Reported Road Casualties Great Britai, icludig iformatio about the variables collected o the STATS19 form, historical publicatios ad factsheets, ca be foud at: govermet/publicatios/roadaccidets-ad-safety-statisticsguidace. Feedback The Reported Road Casualties Great Britai Mai Results web page provides further detail of the key fidigs preseted i this statistical release. The tables are available at: govermet/ publicatios/reported-road-casualties-great-britaimai-results Provisioal quarterly reported road casualty statistics are published throughout the year. The ext provisioal estimates (for quarter ) are due to be published i August Quarterly statistical releases ca be foud at: departmet-for-trasport/series/road-accidets-ad-safety-statistics Natioal Statistics are produced to high professioal stadards as set out i the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. They udergo We welcome further feedback o ay aspects of the Departmet s road safety statistics icludig cotet, timig, ad format via to [email protected]. gov.uk Next release More detailed tables ad aalysis of the 2014 statistics, will be published i Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: Aual Report 2014 i September this year. Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results Page 24 42

43 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Cotributory factors to reported road accidets 2014 About this article This article presets the scope ad limitatios of the iformatio o cotributory factors collected as part of the atioal road accidet reportig system, ad presets results from the teth year of collectio. Cotributory factors have bee developed to provide some isight ito why ad how road accidets occur. I this article Itroductio... p2 Road accidets... p3 Sice recordig bega for cotributory factors i 2005, failed to look properly has remaied the most frequetly reported cotributory factor for both reported road accidets ad casualties. I 2005 failed to look properly was recorded i 32 per cet of accidets. I 2014, this proportio icreased by more tha te percetage poits to 44 per cet. Percet of accidets with cotributory factor Top five cotributory factors i reported road accidets, GB: 2005 to % 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% Poor tur or maoeuvre Failed to judge other perso's path or speed Failed to look properly Careless, reckless or i a hurry Loss of cotrol 0% '05 '10 '14 Chage from 2005 (percetage poits) 12% 4% 2% 1% 1% Road type... p6 Pedestrias... p6 Vehicles... p7 Casualties... p8 Speed... p9 Aex... p11 Backgroud otes... p12 The cotributory factor loss of cotrol is frequetly reported i fatal accidets: it was reported i 35 per cet of fatal accidets i 2005 ad 32 per cet i Failed to look properly is the most commoly reported for serious accidets, reported i 37 per cet of serious accidets i I accidets where a pedestria was killed or ijured; pedestria failed to look properly was reported i 59 per cet of accidets ad pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry was reported i 29 per cet of accidets. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai: Page 1 43

44 Itroductio From 2005 all police forces i Great Britai have bee reportig cotributory factors as a itegral part of the STATS19 collectio system. The cotributory factors system has bee developed to provide some isight ito why ad how road accidets occur. Cotributory factors are desiged to give the key actios ad failures that led directly to the actual impact to aid ivestigatio of how accidets might be preveted. The factors are largely subjective, reflectig the opiio of the reportig police officer, ad are ot ecessarily the result of extesive ivestigatio. Some factors are less likely to be recorded sice evidece may ot be available after the evet. While this iformatio is valuable i helpig to idetify ways of improvig safety, care should be take i its iterpretatio. For example, cotributory factors such as driver/rider usig a mobile phoe, impaired by drugs ad impaired by alcohol have a few caveats that should be bore i mid. I 2013, at least oe driver or casualty was allocated the impaired by alcohol cotributory factor i a total of 128 fatal accidets. However the fial estimate for the umber of fatal drik drive accidets i 2013 was 230. Drik drive figures are based o coroers ad procurators fiscal reports which meas drivers or riders ivolved i a accidet are tested for alcohol whereas cotributory factor data is based o the judgemet of a reportig officer which might ot iclude a breath test (for istace, i cases where drivers might be badly ijured). The same applies to cotributory factors o drug use. Util the itroductio of roadside drug screeig i 2015, reportig officers were uable to test for drug use at the scee of accidet. Istead they had to pass their judgemet ad allocate a impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) cotributory factor. I 2014, the impaired by drugs cotributory factor was reported for oly 3 per cet of fatal accidets ad 1 per cet of serious accidets. We will look closely at the 2015 data to see if the umber of drivers allocated this factor has icreased followig the itroductio of the ew drug drivig offece. Cotributory factors o mobile phoe use are geerally uder-reported because it is difficult for the reportig officer to allocate a driver usig mobile phoe cotributory factor i certai situatios. For example; i o-fatal accidets, the drivers ivolved may ot give accurate details of the accidet ad there may ot be eough evidece to suggest that the driver was usig a mobile phoe. I 2014, the driver usig mobile phoe cotributory factor was reported i oly 1 per cet of fatal accidets ad 0.5 per cet of serious accidets. Yet the Departmet s ow survey suggests that 1.6 per cet of drivers use had-held mobile phoes whilst drivig. It is ulikely that mobile phoe use i accidets will be lower tha the geeral drivig prevalece as research shows that they are a cosiderable distractio to drivers. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 2 44

45 Cotributory factors recorded for accidets Chart RAS50001 shows the percetage of accidets with cotributory factors i each category. Oly reported accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad reported at least oe cotributory factor were cosidered. Chart 1: RAS50001 Cotributory factor type, Reported accidets by severity, GB: Percetage of accidets with cotributory factor type (%) Road eviromet cotributed Vehicle defects Ijudicious actio Driver/rider error or reactio Impairmet or distractio Behaviour or iexperiece Fatal Serious Slight Visio affected by exteral factors Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) Special codes Tables Cotributory factor, Reported accidets by severity, Great Britai latest available year: RAS Cotributory factor type The cotributory factor category driver/rider error or reactio was the most frequetly reported category, ivolved i 73 per cet of all accidets reported to the police i It was also the most frequetly reported category for each severity of accidet. Behaviour or iexperiece ad ijudicious actio (which icludes travellig too fast for coditios, followig too close ad exceedig speed limit) were the ext most frequetly reported categories, ivolved i 25 ad 23 per cet of all accidets respectively. The equivalet figures for fatal accidets, for both of these cotributory factors, were higher at 27 ad 29 per cet respectively. Pedestria cotributory factors ca be attributed to a ijured or uijured pedestria ivolved i the accidet. These factors were reported i 12 per cet of all accidets ad 20 per cet of fatal accidets i Table RAS50001 shows the percetage of reported road accidets i which each cotributory factor was reported, icludig a breakdow by accidet severity. Four of the five most frequetly reported cotributory factors i road accidets were i the category driver/rider error or reactio. Across all reported road accidets; failed to look properly was the most frequetly reported cotributory factor (44 per cet of accidets). This was followed by failed to judge other perso s path/speed (22 per cet of accidets) ad careless, reckless or i a hurry (18 per cet of accidets). Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 3 45

46 Chart 2: RAS50001 Top five cotributory factors i reported accidets of all severities, GB: % 45% Percetage of accidets with cotributor type 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% Driver/rider error or reactio Behaviour or iexperiece 5% 0% Driver/Rider failed to look properly Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry Poor tur or maoeuvre Loss of cotrol The most frequetly reported cotributory factor for fatal accidets was loss of cotrol which was reported for 32 per cet of fatal accidets i Loss of cotrol was the secod most commoly recorded cotributory factor for serious accidets (18 per cet). I the category behaviour or iexperiece; careless, reckless or i a hurry is the most commo cotributory factor reported i accidets. I 2014, 18 per cet of fatal accidets ad 17 per cet of serious accidets were allocated the careless, reckless or i a hurry cotributory factor. As cotributory factors are based o the judgemet of reportig officers, there could be some issues cocerig the precoceptios of officers. For istace, they may be more likely to allocate the factor learer or iexperieced driver to youg driver/riders compared with older driver/riders. I 2014, 21 per cet of youg drivers aged 17 to 19 ivolved i accidets were allocated the learer or iexperieced driver cotributory factor compared with less tha 1 per cet of older drivers aged 30 to 39. I cotrast, drivers aged 20 ad over are more likely to be viewed as drivig i a careless or reckless maer tha be viewed as beig iexperieced. Although youger drivers are most frequetly allocated this cotributory factor (11 to 14 per cet of year old drivers), the proportio of drivers aged 30 or older who are judged to be careless, reckless or i a hurry remais betwee 6 ad 9 per cet for all age groups. Aggressive drivig shows a similar patter, beig more prevalet i youger drivers. The oe factor that shows a differet patter is ervous drivig. The peak ages for ervous drivers are i the youger groups, presumably learer drivers or people without much experiece, ad drivers aged 70 or over. The older drivers may have more experiece behid the wheel, but could be more likely to be ervous ad cocered about their ow reactio times ad eyesight. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 4 46

47 It is possible that police officers ca subcosciously classify similar drivig behaviours as these separate cotributory factors (iexperiece, recklessess, aggressiveess ad ervousess) depedig o the age, geder ad attitude of the driver they see. Chart 3: Selected behaviour ad experiece cotributory factors by driver age, GB: % Per cet of drivers / riders (all vehicles) allocated the factor 20% 15% 10% 5% Learer / iexperieced driver Careless, reckless or i a hurry Aggressive drivig Nervous 0% Driver age Table RAS50002 compares the te most frequetly reported cotributory factors for vehicle drivers or pedestrias i the previous five years. The top te factors have broadly remaied uchaged i the past five years, although there are some otable chages. The largest icrease was i failed to look properly which was recorded for 42 per cet of vehicle drivers i 2010 ad 46 per cet i The largest decrease was i slippery road (due to weather) which was recorded for 13 per cet of vehicle drivers i 2010 ad 8 per cet i Table RAS50002 Cotributory factors allocated to vehicles or pedestrias i reported accidets, Great Britai, Number/percetage Cotributory factor reported for vehicle or pedestria 1,2,3 Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Driver/Rider failed to look properly 50, , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s 27, , , , , path or speed Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 19, , , , , Poor tur or maoeuvre 16, , , , , Loss of cotrol 18, , , , , Pedestria failed to look properly 12, , , , ,888 9 Slippery road (due to weather) 15, , , , ,802 8 Sudde brakig 9, , , , ,768 8 Followig too close 9, , , , ,330 7 Travellig too fast for coditios 10, , , , ,921 7 Total umber of accidets 1 120, , , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Icludes oly the te most frequetly reported cotributory factors. Factors ot show may also have bee reported. 3 Couts the umber of participats for which a cotributory factor is reported. If two participats i a accidet have the same cotributory factor, this will be couted twice. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 5 47

48 Cotributory factors for road accidets by road type The cotributory factor category driver/rider error or reactio was also the most commoly reported category i all accidets reported to the police across all road types. Failed to look properly was the most frequetly reported cotributory factor for every road type; allocated to 49 per cet of accidets o urba roads, 34 per cet of accidets o rural roads ad 33 per cet of accidets o motorways i The most commo cotributory factors allocated to fatal accidets o all road types were failed to look properly ad loss cotrol. Failed to look properly was recorded for 30 per cet of fatal accidets o urba roads, 21 per cet of fatal accidets o rural roads ad 21 per cet of fatal accidets o motorways. Loss of cotrol was more commoly recorded for fatal accidets o rural roads ad motorways, 38 per cet ad 30 per cet respectively. These differeces are likely to be as a result of the ature of the road types. Motorways ad rural roads have higher speed limits ad it is the high speed (ad siuosity of rural roads) that ca lead to loss of cotrol. Pedestria associated cotributory factors were more commo o urba roads. This is mostly due to the higher cocetratio of pedestrias o these roads. Twety-five per cet of fatal accidets o urba roads ivolved a pedestria that failed to look properly ad a further 12 per cet a pedestria that failed to judge a vehicle s path or speed. Chart 4: Top four cotributory factors i reported accidets by road type, GB: 2014 Percetage of accidets with cotributory factor type (%) Failed to look properly Failed to judge other perso Careless, reckless or i a hurry Loss of cotrol 0 urba rural motorways Road type Accidets ivolvig pedestrias with cotributory factors Table RAS50004 shows the te most frequetly reported cotributory factors allocated to pedestrias i accidets ivolvig pedestria casualties ad accidets ivolvig uijured pedestrias. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 6 48

49 Pedestria failed to look properly was the most commo cotributory factor allocated to pedestrias i both accidets ivolvig ijured or killed pedestrias (59 per cet) ad accidets ivolvig uijured pedestrias (53 per cet). Pedestria careless, reckless o i a hurry was reported for 42 per cet of accidets ivolvig uijured pedestrias, whereas this was reported for 29 per cet of accidets ivolvig ijured or killed pedestrias. Pedestria casualties aged betwee 16 ad 59 are most commoly allocated the impaired by alcohol cotributory factor, with those aged betwee 20 ad 39 accoutig for over 50 per cet of pedestria casualties allocated the impaired by alcohol cotributory factor. O the other had, older pedestria casualties are more likely to be allocated cotributory factors relatig to their wellbeig. I 2014, early 40 per cet of pedestria casualties that were allocated the disability or illess, metal or physical cotributory factor were aged 60 ad over. Table RAS50004: Reported accidets ivolvig pedestrias with cotributory factors, Great Britai, R S Repo Accidets 2,3 where cotributory factor assiged to ijured or killed pedestria Number/ percetage Accidets 2,3 where cotributory factor assiged to uijured pedestria Cotributory factor attributed to pedestria 1 Number Per cet 4 Number Per cet 4 Pedestria failed to look properly 10, Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 5, Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed 3, Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle 2, Pedestria impaired by alcohol 1, Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig facility 1, Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) 1, Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Total umber of accidets 17, Top 10 most frequetly reported cotributory factors for ijured or killed pedestrias ad for uijured pedestrias. Factors ot show may also have bee reported. 2 Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 3 Accidets ca ivolve both pedestria casualties ad uijured pedestrias who were assiged a cotributory factor. 4 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha oe cotributory factor. Cotributory factors recorded for vehicles Table RAS50005 shows the percetage of vehicles that had each cotributory factor by vehicle type. The cotributory factor driver failed to look properly was the most commoly recorded cotributory factor for all vehicle types except bus or coach (for which sudde brakig was the most commo). Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 7 49

50 Owig to the size ad weight of goods vehicles it ca be difficult for HGV drivers to perform the safest maoeuvre. I 2014, 11 per cet of HGVs ivolved i accidets were allocated the poor tur or maoeuvre cotributory factor. Chart 5: Top four cotributory factors allocated to vehicles i reported accidets by vehicle type, GB: 2014 Failed to look properly 35 Percetage of accidets with cotributory factor type (%) Failed to judge other perso's path or speed Careless, reckless or i a hurry Poor tur or maouvre Casualties resultig from accidets with cotributory factors Table RAS50007 shows the umber of casualties resultig from reported road accidets with at least oe cotributory factor allocated, broke dow by severity. There is a similar patter to that i table RAS50001 which shows cotributory factors i reported accidets. Failed to look properly ad failed to judge other perso s path or speed were the most commoly recorded factors for both reported accidets ad casualties (44 ad 24 per cet of all casualties were assiged these two factors respectively). The cotributory factors driver careless, reckless or i a hurry ad exceedig speed limit were also commoly recorded for reported road fatalities, 18 ad 17 per cet respectively. The most commo cotributory factor assiged to pedestria oly casualties was pedestria failed to looked properly, which was reported for 12 per cet of fatalities ad 13 per cet of serious ijuries. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 8 50

51 Chart 6: RAS50007 Cotributory factors, casualties i reported accidets by severity, GB: Killed Serious Slight Percetage of casualties with cotributory factor type (%) Road eviromet cotributed Vehicle defects Ijudicious actio Driver/Rider error or reactio Impairmet Behaviour or or iexperiece distractio Visio affected by exteral factors Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) Special codes Cotributory factor type Speed as a cotributory factor The two cotributory factors that relate to excessive or iappropriate speed are exceedig speed limit ad travellig too fast for coditios. Table RAS50008 shows the reported accidets ad casualties by severity where speed was recorded as a cotributory factor. Exceedig the speed limit was reported as a cotributory factor for 16 per cet of fatal accidets i 2014, whereas travellig too fast for coditios was reported for oly 8 per cet of fatal accidets. A similar patter was see for reported road fatalities. Exceedig speed limit was reported for 17 per cet of fatalities ad travellig too fast for coditios was reported for oly 8 per cet of fatalities. There was a similar split of 7 per cet i the proportio of serious accidets ad seriously ijured casualties allocated the exceedig speed limit ad travellig too fast for coditios cotributory factors. Accidets o rural roads are more fatal i ature tha accidets o urba roads. This is because rural roads have a much higher average speed tha urba roads. Exceedig speed limit was recorded for 19 per cet of fatal accidets o urba roads ad 15 per cet of fatal accidets o rural roads. I cotrast, 14 per cet of fatal accidets o rural roads were allocated the travellig too fast for Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 9 51

52 coditios cotributory factor compared with oly 7 per cet of fatal accidets o urba roads. Rural roads are ofte more siuous ad arrow i ature with blid bleds, dips ad other distractios which meas that it is easier for road users to travel too fast to miss these dagers or fail to slow dow whe approachig them. Vehicles with speed as a cotributory factor Table RAS50009 shows the umber of vehicles which had the two speed cotributory factors allocated by vehicle type. I 2014 there were 12,334 vehicles with either a travellig too fast for coditios cotributory factor or a exceedig speed limit cotributory factor allocated to them. These vehicles accouted for 6 per cet of all vehicles ivolved i accidets with at least oe cotributory factor Motorcycles were the most commo vehicle type to have both speed factors allocated to them compared to other vehicle types. Five per cet were reported as exceedig speed limit compared to 3 per cet of cars. HGVs were less likely to have either of the speed factors assiged tha other vehicles. Oly 2 per cet of HGVs were allocated a travellig too fast for coditios cotributory factor. This may relate to HGVs beig speed limited or the drivers beig professioally traied. Table RAS50010 shows the associatio betwee two speed factors ad other cotributory factors. I particular the proportio of the speed factors amog vehicles with other factors. Exceedig speed limit is mostly associated with other factors relatig to illegal activities. This icludes 21 per cet of vehicles i the course of crime, 20 per cet of vehicles assiged the factor aggressive drivig ad 19 per cet assiged the factor stole vehicle which also had the factor exceedig the speed limit assiged to them. Travellig too fast for coditios had stroger associatios with factors relatig to the road eviromet ad bad weather. Travellig too fast for coditios was also reported for 20 per cet of vehicles assiged the slippery road (due to weather) cotributory factor ad a 14 per cet of vehicles assiged the loss of cotrol cotributory factor. Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 10 52

53 Chart 7: RAS50010 Percetage of vehicles with selected cotributory factors which also had a speed factor reported: GB 2014 Travellig too fast for coditios Exceedig speed limit Stole vehicle Aggressive drivig Vehicle i course of crime Impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Impaired by alcohol Disobeyed double white lies Traffic calmig (eg. road humps/chicaes) Driver usig mobile phoe Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated Loss of cotrol Learer or iexperieced driver/rider Road layout cotributed (eg. bed, hill, arrow carriageway) Driver visio affected by road layout (eg. widig road, hill crest) Poor or defective road surface Slippery road (due to weather) Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) Rai, sleet, sow, or fog Spray from other vehicles All vehicles 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Aex: Accidets icluded i the cotributory factor aalysis For accidets i which a police officer did ot atted the scee of the accidet it may ot be possible for the reportig officer to accurately report the correct cotributory factors. As a result, the aalysis show i this article oly icludes accidets i which a police officer atteded the scee ad assiged cotributory factors. I 2014, 79 per cet of reported road accidets met this criteria. Accidets which had o cotributory factor were excluded from this aalysis. At least oe cotributory factor was recorded i 96 per cet of accidets i which a police officer atteded the scee. Table RAS50011 shows the proportio of accidets ad vehicles that satisfied both of the above coditios, show for differet accidet severities, road classes ad vehicle types. I 2014, 93 per cet of fatal accidets satisfied these coditios compared to 77 per cet of slight accidets. There were 88 per cet of accidets that occurred o motorways which were icluded i this aalysis compared to 81 per cet o A roads ad 80 per cet o B roads. The most commo vehicle types ivolved i accidets which were icluded i the aalysis were motorcycles (87 per cet), HGVs (86 per cet) ad cars (80 per cet). Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 11 53

54 Table RAS50011 Reported road accidets ad vehicles icluded i the cotributory factor aalysis, GB: 2014 Number/ percetage Category Number icluded i aalysis 1 Total umber of accidets Per cet icluded i aalysis 1 Accidets: severity Fatal 1,543 1, Serious 18,097 20, Slight 96, , Accidets: road class Motorways 4,975 5, A roads 55,034 67, B roads 14,876 18, Other roads 2 40,788 54, Accidets icluded i aalysis 115, , Category Number icluded i aalysis 1 Total umber of vehicles Per cet icluded i aalysis 1 Vehicles: type Pedal cycles 14,820 21, Motorcycles 18,565 21, Cars 157, , Buses or coaches 4,102 6, Light goods vehicles 11,227 14, Heavy goods vehicles 5,915 6, Other vehicles 3 2,005 2, Vehicles icluded i aalysis 213, , Icludes accidets ad vehicles ivolved i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Other roads icludes C roads ad uclassified roads. 3 Icludes other vehicles types ad cases where the vehicle type was ot reported. Backgroud otes The cotributory factor system allows the recordig of up to six factors i ijury road accidets where the police atteded the scee. Multiple factors may be recorded agaist a idividual participat i the accidet. These participats iclude a vehicle, a casualty or a uijured pedestria. Factors relatig to a driver/rider should be assiged to their vehicle. Ay give factor may be assiged to a umber of participats. Both accidets ad vehicles ca have more tha oe cotributory factor attributed to them, therefore percetages i this article will ot ecessarily add up to 100. The form used by the police to report cotributory factors icludes a list of 77 cotributory factors. These 77 factors fall ito ie categories ad these are: Road eviromet cotributed, Vehicle defects, Ijudicious actio, Driver/rider error or reactio, Impairmet or distractio, Behaviour or iexperiece, Visio affected by exteral factors, Pedestria oly factors (casualty or uijured) ad Special codes. A copy of the form ca be foud here. The cotributory factors are largely subjective ad deped o the skill ad experiece of the ivestigatig Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 12 54

55 officer to recostruct the evets which directly led to the accidet. They reflect the attedig officer's opiio at the time of reportig ad are ot ecessarily the result of extesive ivestigatio. Furthermore, it is recogised that subsequet equiries could lead to the reportig officer chagig his/her opiio. The cotributory factors are therefore differet i ature from the remaider of the STATS19 data which is based o the reportig of factual iformatio. This should be kept i mid whe iterpretig the data. It is importat to ote that it may be difficult for a police officer, attedig the scee after a accidet has occurred, to idetify certai factors that may have cotributed to a cause of a accidet. I additio, cotributory factors are disclosable i court ad police officers would require some supportig evidece before reportig certai factors. As a result some cotributory factors may be less likely to be reported. Research 1 comparig this data to the O the Spot (OTS) study foud that i geeral fewer factors were reported per accidet by the police i STATS19 tha i the more i-depth ivestigatios carried out i the OTS study. I particular the police appeared to be less likely to report factors that appeared to allocate blame for a accidet, such as those relatig to ijudicious actio. The factor careless, reckless or i a hurry stood out as beig reported cosiderably more ofte i the OTS study tha i STATS19. It is also importat to ote that ot all accidets are icluded i the followig aalysis of the cotributory factor data. Oly accidets where the police atteded the scee ad reported at least oe cotributory factor are icluded. Sevety ie per cet of accidets reported to the police i 2014 meet these criteria to be icluded. Further details of the accidets icluded i this aalysis ca be foud i the Aex. 1 Likig Accidets i Natioal Statistics to I-Depth Accidet Data Cotributory factors of reported road accidets, Great Britai Page 13 55

56 56

57 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics About this article Weather patters provide useful cotext to explai year-o-year chages i road casualty statistics. This article sets out the methodology that has bee used to quatify the impact of temperature ad raifall o the umber of road casualties i order to produce a weatheradjusted road casualty series. I this article I 2014, it is estimated that there would have bee 1,732 fatalities i reported road accidets if the temperature ad raifall had bee average, compared with the 1,775 actually observed. The 2013 weather-adjusted fatality figure is 1,708 compared with the 1,713 observed. Therefore if 2014 had t bee so warm, there would still have bee a icrease i fatalities betwee 2013 ad 2014, but of aroud 1 per cet rather tha the 4 per cet actually observed. Chart: Actual ad weather-adjusted fatalities i reported road accidets: GB, ,950 1,901 1,900 1,871 Itroductio... p2 1,850 1,850 1,867 Adjusted figures... p2 Adjusted fatalities... p4 Adjusted seriously ijured casualties... p13 1,800 1,750 1,700 1,751 1,754 1,713 1,708 1,775 1,732 killed killed (adjusted) Adjusted slightly ijured casualties... p15 Summary... p15 1,650 1, I 2010, it is estimated that there would have bee 1,871 road fatalities if the temperature ad raifall had bee average, compared with the 1,850 actually observed. I 2011, it is estimated that there would have bee 1,867 road fatalities if the temperature ad raifall had bee average, compared with the 1,901 actually observed. Therefore, had the temperature ad raifall bee average i 2010 ad 2011 fatalities would have remaied practically uchaged betwee the two years, with four fewer deaths i 2011, rather tha icreasig by 3 per cet. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 1 57

58 Itroductio Weather patters have bee used to help explai year-o-year ad quarterly chages i road casualty umbers i recet publicatios (see here). A chapter i Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2013 Aual Report summarised the literature available o weather impacts o road accidets ad casualties as well as discussig the mai weather treds see sice 2010 ad their likely impact o road casualties (see here). This article sets out the methodology that has bee used to quatify the impact of temperature ad raifall o the umber of road casualties i order to produce a weather-adjusted road casualty series. The work i this article is based o modellig work carried out by the ONS Time Series Aalysis Brach. More detailed results from the origial research ca be foud o page 74 of the cross govermet modellig guide o the effect of weather o official statistics. We have also itroduced a ew time series table alogside the article. The table (RAS30080) provides our best estimate of what the casualty umbers could have bee for each year from 1991 had the average temperature ad raifall each moth durig the year bee close to the log term average. These figures are just estimates of what could have happeed rather tha predictios of what would have happeed as there is a cosiderable amout of ucertaity associated with usig such a model. The purpose of the estimates is as a tool for uderstadig ad explaiig patters. They are ot iteded as a replacemet for the police reported road casualty figures provided i the other tables. Assessig the impact of temperature ad raifall o all road user casualties Mothly UK raifall ad mea temperature data from the Met Office was used to estimate the relatioship betwee temperature ad raifall ad the umber of reported road traffic casualties i each moth. I particular, the umber of casualties was broke dow by severity (fatal, seriously ijured ad slightly ijured casualties) ad road user group: pedestrias, pedal cyclists, motorcyclists ad car occupats. These groups cover 94 per cet of all casualties. The models used mothly casualty data for the whole of Great Britai from Jauary 1991 to December 2014, ad the mothly deviatios i each moth over Jauary 1991 to December 2014 from the log term average temperature ad raifall. Twelve separate time series models, oe for each combiatio of severity ad road user group were produced. The estimated temperature ad raifall effects from each model were used to adjust the road casualty time series over 1991 to A more thorough explaatio of the models used ca be foud i the techical documet. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 2 58

59 Weather-adjusted road casualty figure The estimated temperature ad raifall effects from the time series modellig have bee used to produce temperature ad raifall adjusted road casualty figures for the time period 1991 to These casualty figures represet the umber of road casualties we would have expected that year had the temperature ad raifall i each moth of the year bee at the log term average. All statistical models are ways of geeralisig somethig that is happeig i the real world. I this case, we are attemptig to model how casualty umbers are affected by variatios i temperature ad raifall. This is a imprecise sciece that collapses detailed local differeces i weather across the UK ito a sigle figure. This model, like all statistical models, has a level of ucertaity associated with it. I particular, the aalysis used here models how relatively commo ad regular weather variatios iflueces casualty umbers. It is less good, therefore, at dealig with extreme evets or highly useasoable evets. I additio, statistically sigificat effects have ot bee foud i all moths for each road user type ad severity. Therefore uusual coditios i some moths will ot result i ay adjustmet to the casualty figures. Owig to the ucertaity i the model, these figures should be take oly as our best estimate of what might have happeed had the weather durig the years bee closer to the log term average. There is o way to verify that these outcomes would have happeed give differet coditios. The directio of the estimated temperature ad raifall effects for each road user type (pedestrias, pedal cyclists, motorcyclists ad car occupats) are summarised i the tables below for each severity. The actual values of the estimated effects are available i the techical documet. For example, a positive relatioship was foud betwee temperature ad killed pedal cyclists i Jauary, March ad December. Therefore, above average temperatures i these moths lead to more killed pedal cyclists tha would be expected if the temperature was at the log term average. The pedal cyclist fatality figures are therefore adjusted dowwards to accout for this positive effect. Below average temperatures i Jauary, March ad December lead to less pedal cyclist fatalities tha expected ad the figures are adjusted upwards to accout for this e.g. December 2010 was particularly cold which is estimated to have led to 2 fewer killed pedal cyclists tha would be expected. The December 2010 pedal cyclist fatality figure is therefore adjusted upwards by 2 to accout for this effect. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 3 59

60 Table 1: Directio of the estimated temperature ad raifall effects o road casualties by severity ad road user type Fatalities Seriously ijured Slightly ijured Moth Weather Moth Weather Moth Weather Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ja Ja Feb Feb Mar Mar Apr Apr May May Ju Ju Jul Jul Aug Aug Sep Sep Oct Oct Nov Nov Dec Dec - ot statistically sigificat Above average temperature or raifall leads to more casualties. Whe the temperature or raifall is above the log term average i these moths the casualty umbers are adjusted dowwards, ad upwards whe the temperature or raifall is below the log term average. Above average temperature or raifall leads to fewer casualties. Whe the temperature or raifall is above the log term average i these moths the casualty umbers are adjusted upwards, ad dowwards whe the temperature or raifall is below the log term average. Applyig the fatality adjustmets (as show i the techical documet) to all years over 1991 to 2014 ad all road user groups gives the followig weather-adjusted fatalities series: Chart 1: Actual ad weather-adjusted fatalities i reported road accidets: GB, ,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, : 1,775 killed 1,732 killed (adjusted) Tables Reported weather-adjusted road casualties by road user type, Great Britai, aual from 1991: RAS Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 4 60

61 The effects of the adjustmets to the road fatalities series are show i the chart below. Each bar represets the differece betwee the weather-adjusted ad actual road fatality figure e.g. the 2014 weather-adjusted fatality figure is 43 fewer tha the actual figure (1,732 compared to 1,775). Chart 2: Differece betwee the weather-adjusted ad actual road fatalities: GB, Differece betwee the adjusted ad actual fatality figure The largest weather adjustmets for fatalities i recet years have bee i 2010, 2011 ad These adjustmets are summarised i the table below ad explaied i more detail i the followig sectios. Table 2: Fatalities i reported road accidets: GB, Published Weatheradjusted Compariso ,222 2, ,850 1, ,901 1, ,754 1, ,713 1, ,775 1, Tables Reported weather-adjusted road casualties by road user type, Great Britai, aual from 1991: RAS Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 5 61

62 Adjusted fatalities 2010 ( 21) Chart 3: 2010 UK temperature ad raifall deviatios from the log-ru mothly average betwee Jauary 1979 ad July Temperature 40 Raifall 1 20 temperature deviatio ( C) raifall deviatio (mm) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -100 Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec I 2010 the temperature was particularly cold, the twelfth coldest year o record. The temperature was well below average i the moths of Jauary, February, November ad December. The moths of March, May ad August were colder tha average with April, Jue ad July warmer tha average. Overall 2010 was a dry year with most moths havig below average raifall. Overall, it is estimated that the colder tha average temperature i 2010 led to 19 fewer killed vulerable road users tha if the temperature had bee average ad the lower tha average raifall to 2 fewer tha if raifall had bee average. Therefore, the 2010 vulerable road user fatality figure is adjusted upwards from 919 to 940. Give that o statistically sigificat impact of temperature or raifall was foud o car occupat fatalities, the 2010 total fatality figure across all road user types is also adjusted upwards by 21 fatalities. This gives a weather-adjusted fatality figure of 1,871 road fatalities i 2010 i.e. we would have expected 1,871 road fatalities i 2010 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 1,850 actually observed. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 6 62

63 Table 3: Directio of the temperature ad raifall adjustmets for road fatalities by road user type, 2010 Moth Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Weather Overall Table 3 This table shows the directio of the raifall ad temperature adjustmets to the fatality figures i 2010 by road user type e.g. it is estimated that the colder tha average temperature i Jauary 2010 led to five fewer killed vulerable road users tha would be expected. The Jauary 2010 fatality figure is therefore adjusted upwards by five to accout for this effect. Further iformatio is available i the techical documet. 1. Adjustmets for each road user type may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. 2. Sigificat temperature ad raifall effects for motorcyclists were foud i March ad September. The adjustmets due to temperature ad raifall have bee estimated ad may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. - o statistically sigificat temperature/raifall effect foud. Adjusted fatalities 2011 ( 34) Chart 4: 2011 UK temperature ad raifall deviatios from the log-ru mothly average betwee Jauary 1979 ad July Temperature 50 Raifall temperature deviatio ( C) raifall deviatio (mm) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -50 Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 7 63

64 2011 was a warm year with most moths havig temperatures above average with April 2011 the warmest April o record. Overall, it is estimated that the warmer temperature i 2011 led to 21 more vulerable road user fatalities tha would have bee expected if the temperature had bee average. Overall 2011 raifall was close to average. However, there were moths where raifall differed sigificatly from the averag. Largely due to the dry March, April ad November it is estimated that there were 13 more vulerable road user fatalities i 2011 tha would be expected if raifall had bee average. Table 4: Directio of the temperature ad raifall adjustmets for road fatalities by road user type, 2011 Moth Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Weather Overall Table 4 This table shows the directio of the raifall ad temperature adjustmets to the road fatalities figures i 2011 by road user type e.g. it is estimated that the warmer tha average temperature i April 2011 (the warmest April o record) led to 17 more killed vulerable road users tha would be expected. The April 2011 fatality figure is therefore adjusted dowwards by 17 to accout for this effect. Further iformatio is available i the techical documet. 1. Adjustmets for each road user type may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. 2. Sigificat temperature ad raifall effects for motorcyclists were foud i March ad September. The adjustmets due to temperature ad raifall have bee estimated ad may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. - o statistically sigificat temperature/raifall effect foud. Overall, it is estimated that the raifall ad temperature i 2011 led to 34 more vulerable road user fatalities tha would have bee expected if temperature ad raifall had bee average. Therefore, the 2011 vulerable road user fatality figure is adjusted dowwards from 922 to 888. The 2011 total fatality figure across all road user types is also adjusted dowwards by 34 fatalities. This gives a weather-adjusted fatality figure of 1,867 road fatalities i 2011 i.e. we would have expected 1,867 road fatalities i 2011 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 1,901 actually observed. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 8 64

65 The weather-adjusted fatality figure for 2010 is 1,871 ad 1,867 for The 2010 ad 2011 figures were particularly affected by the weather (2010 by the cold weather ad 2011 by the warm weather) ad adjustig for the weather shows that had the temperature ad raifall bee average i 2010 ad 2011 fatalities would have bee uchaged betwee the two years (4 fewer i 2011). Adjusted fatalities 2012 ( 3) Chart 5: 2012 UK temperature ad raifall deviatios from the log-ru mothly average betwee Jauary 1979 ad July Temperature 100 Raifall temperature deviatio ( C) raifall deviatio (mm) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -80 Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Across 2012 the temperature was close to average, but it was cosiderably wetter tha average. Ulike most moths of the year, March 2012 was cosiderably drier tha average ad over 2 C warmer tha average. The warm ad dry coditios i this moth are estimated to have led to 19 more vulerable road user fatalities tha would have bee expected had coditios bee average. Overall, it is estimated that the temperature ad raifall i 2012 led to 3 more vulerable road user fatalities tha would be expected. Therefore, the 2012 fatality figure has bee adjusted from 1,754 to 1,751. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 9 65

66 Table 5: Directio of the temperature ad raifall adjustmets for road fatalities by road user type, 2012 Moth Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Weather Overall Table 5 This table shows the directio of the raifall ad temperature adjustmets to the road fatalities figures i 2012 by road user type e.g. it is estimated that the warmer tha average temperature i Jauary 2012 led to 3 more killed vulerable road users tha would be expected. The Jauary 2012 fatality figure is therefore adjusted dowwards by 3 to accout for this effect. Further iformatio is available i the techical documet. 1. Adjustmets for each road user type may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. 2. Sigificat temperature ad raifall effects for motorcyclists were foud i March ad September. The adjustmets due to temperature ad raifall have bee estimated ad may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. - o statistically sigificat temperature/raifall effect foud. Adjusted fatalities 2013 ( 5) Chart 6: 2013 UK temperature ad raifall deviatios from the log-ru mothly average betwee Jauary 1979 ad July Temperature 80 Raifall 2 60 temperature deviatio ( C) raifall deviatio (mm) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -40 Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 10 66

67 Overall 2013 was close to average for both raifall ad temperature with small adjustmets made to the mothly fatality figures. The largest weather adjustmets were see i March ad December. March 2013 was the secod coldest o record whilst December 2013 was warmer ad wetter tha average. Overall, it is estimated that the temperature ad raifall i 2013 led to 5 more vulerable road user fatalities tha would be expected if temperature ad raifall had bee average. Therefore, the 2013 fatality figure has bee adjusted from 1,713 to 1,708. Table 6: Directio of the temperature ad raifall adjustmets for road fatalities by road user type, 2013 Moth Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Weather Overall Adjustmets for each road user type may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. 2. Sigificat temperature ad raifall effects for motorcyclists were foud i March ad September. The adjustmets due to temperature ad raifall have bee estimated ad may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. - o statistically sigificat temperature/raifall effect foud. Table 6 This table shows the directio of the raifall ad temperature adjustmets to the road fatalities figures i 2013 by road user type e.g. it is estimated that the colder tha average temperature i February 2013 led to 2 fewer killed vulerable road users tha would be expected. The February 2013 fatality figure is therefore adjusted upwards by 2 to accout for this effect. Further iformatio is available i the techical documet. Adjusted fatalities 2014 ( 43) 2014 was the warmest year o record as well as the fourth wettest year o record. The moths with above average raifall were Jauary, February, May, August ad October, but oly February raifall was foud to have a statistically sigificat impact o killed vulerable road users. September 2014 was the fourth warmest o record ad also the driest September o record. The combiatio of warm ad dry weather i September is estimated to have led to 19 more killed vulerable road users tha if temperature ad raifall had bee average. Largely due to the Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 11 67

68 warmer tha average temperatures i 2014 ad the warm ad dry September, it is estimated that there were 43 more killed vulerable road users i 2014 tha would have bee expected. Therefore, the 2014 fatality figure has bee adjusted dowwards from 1,775 to 1,732 i.e. we would have expected 1,732 road fatalities i 2014 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 1,775 actually observed. This suggests that if 2014 had t bee so warm, there would still have bee a icrease i fatalities betwee 2013 ad 2014, but of aroud 1 per cet rather tha the 4 per cet actually observed. Chart 7: 2014 UK temperature ad raifall deviatios from the log-ru mothly average betwee Jauary 1979 ad July Temperature 100 Raifall temperature deviatio ( C) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec raifall deviatio (mm) Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 12 68

69 Table 7: Directio of the temperature ad raifall adjustmets for road fatalities by road user type, 2014 Moth Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Weather Overall Table 7 This table shows the directio of the raifall ad temperature adjustmets to the road fatalities figures i 2014 by road user type e.g. it is estimated that the colder tha average temperature i August 2014 led to 4 fewer killed vulerable road users tha would be expected. The August 2014 fatality figure is therefore adjusted upwards by 4 to accout for this effect. Further iformatio is available i the techical documet. 1. Adjustmets for each road user type may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. 2. Sigificat temperature ad raifall effects for motorcyclists were foud i March ad September. The adjustmets due to temperature ad raifall have bee estimated ad may ot sum to the overall adjustmet due to roudig. - o statistically sigificat temperature/raifall effect foud. Weather-adjusted seriously ijured casualties Chart 8: Actual ad weather-adjusted seriously ijured casualties i reported road accidets: GB, ,000 50,000 40,000 Tables Reported weather-adjusted road casualties by road user type, Great Britai, aual from 1991: RAS : 30,000 20,000 22,807 seriously ijured 22,393 10,000 seriouly ijured (adjusted) Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 13 69

70 The largest adjustmets for seriously ijured casualties i recet years were i 2010, 2011 ad The 2010 seriously ijured figure of 22,660 has bee adjusted upwards to 22,979 i.e. we would have expected 22,979 seriously ijured casualties i 2010 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 22,660 actually observed. This is largely due to the impact of the colder tha average temperature i 2010 o seriously ijured vulerable road users. It is estimated that i 2010 there were 230 fewer seriously ijured vulerable road users tha if the temperature ad raifall across 2010 had bee average. December 2010 was particularly cold ad the model estimates that the cold December had 233 fewer seriously ijured vulerable road users tha would be expected if temperature ad raifall had bee average. The 2011 seriously ijured figure of 23,122 has bee adjusted dowwards to 22,836 i.e. we would have expected 22,836 seriously ijured casualties i 2011 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 23,122 actually observed. This is largely due to the impact of the warmer tha average temperature i 2011 o seriously ijured vulerable road users. It is estimated that i 2011 there were 269 more seriously ijured vulerable road users tha would have bee expected if 2011 had bee average for temperature ad raifall. April 2011 was particularly warm ad it is estimated that i this moth there were 168 more seriously ijured vulerable road users tha would be expected if temperature ad raifall had bee average. The 2014 seriously ijured figure of 22,807 has bee adjusted dowwards to 22,393 i.e. we would have expected 22,393 seriously ijured casualties i 2014 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 22,807 actually observed. This is largely due to the impact of the warmer tha average temperature i 2014 o seriously ijured vulerable road users. It is estimated that i 2014 there were 444 more seriously ijured vulerable road users tha would have bee expected if 2014 had bee average for temperature ad raifall. I particular, the very warm ad dry September is estimated to have led to 91 more seriously ijured vulerable road user casualties tha would have bee expected if temperature ad raifall had bee at the average. This suggests that if 2014 had t bee so warm, there would still have bee a icrease i seriously ijured casualties betwee 2013 ad 2014, but of aroud 3 per cet rather tha the 5 per cet actually observed. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 14 70

71 Weather-adjusted slightly ijured casualties Chart 9: Actual ad weather-adjusted slightly ijured casualties i reported road accidets: GB, , ,000 Tables Reported weather-adjusted road casualties by road user type, Great Britai, aual from 1991: RAS : 200, , ,895 slightly ijured 168, ,000 slightly ijured (adjusted) 50, Due to the large umber of slightly ijured casualties, the weather adjustmet has little impact o the umber of slightly ijured casualties ad does ot chage the tred show i the chart above. The 2014 slightly ijured figure of 169,895 has bee adjusted dowwards to 168,498 i.e. we would have expected 168,498 slightly ijured casualties i 2014 had the temperature ad raifall bee average, compared with the 169,895 actually observed. This is largely due to the impact of the warmer tha average temperature i 2014 o slightly ijured vulerable road users. It is estimated that i 2014 there were 1,358 more slightly ijured vulerable road users tha would have bee expected if 2014 had bee average for temperature ad raifall. Summary It is well kow that both temperature ad raifall have a impact o road casualty figures. The temperature ad raifall adjusted road casualty series ca be iterpreted as the umber of road casualties we would have expected each year had the temperature ad raifall i each moth Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 15 71

72 of each year bee at the log term average. The productio of a weather-adjusted road casualty series eables chages betwee years that are the result of temperature or raifall effects to be removed from the series. I the adjusted series the chages betwee years are therefore ot due to chages i the temperature or raifall. The importace of the weather adjustmet is show by the chage i road fatalities betwee 2010 ad There was a icrease of 3 per cet i road fatalities betwee 2010 ad However, 2010 was largely affected by the colder tha average temperature which suppressed vulerable road user fatalities ad 2011 by the warmer tha average temperature which icreased vulerable road user fatalities. It is estimated that had the temperature ad raifall bee at the log term average i these years the road fatalities would have bee uchaged betwee 2010 ad 2011 with four fewer deaths i Therefore, all of the icrease i road deaths that occurred betwee 2010 ad 2011 ca be attributed to differeces i the temperature ad raifall betwee 2010 ad I additio, the latest aual road casualty publicatio reported a icrease i road fatalities of 4 per cet betwee 2013 ad However, 2014 was affected by the warmer tha average temperature (it was the warmest year o record) which icreased vulerable road user fatalities. It is estimated that had temperature ad raifall bee at the log term average i 2013 ad 2014 there would have bee a icrease i road fatalities of 1 per cet rather tha the 4 per cet actually observed. Feedback We welcome feedback o the usefuless of the weather-adjusted road casualty series via to [email protected]. Modellig the impact of the weather o road casualty statistics - Page 16 72

73 Reported Road Casualties Great Britai: 2014 Aual Report Self-reported drik ad drug drivig: Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 About this article This article presets data from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales (CSEW) for 2014/15. Sice 2009, the CSEW has asked respodets to state (aoymously) whether they have drive over the legal alcohol limit or uder the ifluece of drugs. I this article Aroud 6.2 per cet of drivers i 2014/15 said they had drive whilst over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i the last 12 moths. This proportio has remaied broadly uchaged over recet years, ad the 2014/15 proportio is ot statistically sigificatly differet from 2012/13 or 2013/14. I 2014/15, 0.9 per cet of drivers said they had drive uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i the last year. This is ot sigificatly differet from the figures for 2010/11 to 2013/14. Chart: % of drivers self-reportig drik (left had axis) ad drug (right had axis) drivig at least oce i the last year; 2010/11 owards. Error bars show 95% cofidece itervals Drik drivig... p Drug drivig... p Age... p4 Treds... p5 Backgroud... p6 % drik drivig % drug drivig / / / / / Both drik ad drug drivig are more prevalet amogst males. I 2014/15 the proportio of male drivers who said they had drive whilst over the legal alcohol limit withi the last year was aroud double that for female drivers. For drug drivig, the differece betwee male ad female drivers is eve larger (aroud a factor of 4). Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 1 73

74 Self-reported drik drivig Defiitios Throughout this publicatio, drik drivig refers to the survey respodet drivig whe they thik they may have bee over the legal alcohol limit. Drug drivig refers to the respodet drivig whe they thik they may have bee affected by or uder the ifluece of illegal drugs. I 2014/15, 6.2 per cet of drivers admitted to drivig whe they thought that they might have bee over the drik drive limit. This proportio has remaied broadly uchaged over recet years, ad the 2014/15 proportio is ot statistically sigificatly differet from 2012/13 or 2013/14. Of those who have drive whe over limit i the last year, the majority (almost three-fifths of all people who had drive whe druk, or 3.7 per cet of all drivers) did so oce or twice i the year. Aroud 1.6 per cet of all drivers had drive whe druk oce or twice a moth or more frequetly. Me are more likely to drik ad drive tha wome. I 2014/15, 8.1 per cet of male drivers admitted to drivig whe over the legal alcohol limit at least oce. I compariso, 4.2 per cet of wome Tables Self-reported drik drivig: RAS drivers admitted to the same offece. This differece is statistically sigificat. Chart 1: Percetage of male ad female drivers reportig drivig whilst thikig they are over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i last 12 moths: 2010/ /15 9.5% 8.1% Tables 3.9% 4.2% Self-reported drik drivig by age ad sex: RAS / / / / /15 Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 2 74

75 Self-reported drug drivig I 2014/15, 0.9 per cet of drivers admitted to drivig whe they thought that they might be uder the ifluece of illegal drugs. This it is ot sigificatly differet from the figures for 2010/11 to 2013/14. Of those people who had bee uder the ifluece of drugs whilst drivig, 45 per cet (or 0.4 per cet of all drivers) had drive oce or twice i the year. A further 23 per cet (or 0.2 per cet of all drivers) had drive uder the ifluece of drugs oce or twice a week, or more frequetly. Me are more likely to use drugs ad drive tha wome. I 2014/15, 1.4 per cet of me admitted to drivig whilst uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce. I compariso, 0.3 per cet of wome admitted to the same offece. Chart 2: Percetage of male ad female drivers reportig drivig whilst thikig they are uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i last 12 moths: 2010/ /15 2.0% 1.4% Tables Self-reported drug drivig by age ad sex: RAS % 0.3% 2010/ / / / /15 Oe major differece betwee drik ad drug drivig is the umber of drivers who either drik alcohol or use illegal drugs at all, irrespective of whether they drive whilst uder the ifluece. Aroud 81 per cet of all drivers admitted to drikig alcohol at some poit i the last 12 moths, but had ot drive whe they thought they had bee over the legal alcohol limit. I cotrast, oly 8.8 per cet of drivers admitted to takig illegal drugs at some poit i the last 12 moths, but had ot drive whe they thought that they might be uder the ifluece of illegal drugs. This fidig is usurprisig as we would expect a smaller proportio of the populatio to udertake a illegal activity tha a legal activity. However, this also meas that it might be more appropriate to look at the treds i drug drivig for Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 3 75

76 just the sectio of drivers who have take illegal drugs, rather tha all drivers, as they make up such a small proportio of the geeral populatio. O this basis, of the drivers who have take illegal drugs at all i the last 12 moths, 9.2 per cet had drive uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i the last year. I compariso, 7.2 per cet of the drivers who had druk alcohol at all i the last year reported that they had also drive whe over the legal alcohol limit. This suggests that drivers are less likely to drive uder the ifluece of drugs tha alcohol, i geeral, but the group of drivers who do take illegal drugs at all are more likely to drive uder the ifluece of drugs tha the group of drivers who drik alcohol are to drive uder the ifluece of alcohol. Self-reported drik ad drug drivig by age Over the period 2012/13 to 2014/15 the age groups that were most likely to admit to drivig whilst over the legal alcohol limit were year olds ad year olds. Aroud 9.1 per cet of drivers aged or admitted to drik drivig, i compariso with 6.2 per cet of drivers aged uder 20, 5.8 per cet of drivers i their 30s, 5.4 per cet of drivers i their 40s ad 5.3 per cet of those aged 50 ad over. Over the period 2012/13 to 2014/15 the age groups that were most likely to admit to drivig uder the ifluece of illegal drugs were year olds ad year olds. Aroud 1.6 per cet of drivers aged admitted to drug drivig. Aroud 1.4 per cet of drivers aged ad 1.1 per cet aged admitted to drug drivig, whereas 0.9 per cet of drivers i their 30s, 0.4 per cet of drivers i their 40s ad 0.3 per cet of drivers aged 50 ad over admitted to drivig uder the ifluece of illegal drugs. These figures idicate that drivig uder the ifluece of alcohol or drugs is mostly a problem i youger, rather tha older drivers. However, cotiuous moitorig of the figures will be required to assess whether the problem remais i the cohorts (i.e. whether youg drivers who offed today cotiue to offed whe they get ito the older age groups) or whether it is a agerelated problem (i.e. whilst drivers offed at youger ages, they the stop offedig as they get older). Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 4 76

77 Chart 3: Percetage of drivers reportig drivig whilst thikig they are over the legal alcohol limit or uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i last 12 moths by age of driver: 2012/ /15 average % 1.4% 9.1% 1.6% 9.1% 1.1% Drik Drug Tables Self-reported drik drivig by age ad sex: RAS Self-reported drug drivig by age ad sex: RAS % 0.9% % 0.4% 50 & over 5.3% 0.3% Treds over time i self-reported drik ad drug drivig These figures are based o a sample survey, coverig aroud 15,000 to 20,000 drivers each year. Give that the proportio of drivers who admit to drivig while uder the ifluece of either alcohol or drugs is low, the sample sizes for the estimates are very small. This itroduces cosiderable ucertaity ad samplig error ito the figures, ad cautio is required whe makig year o year comparisos. Chart 4: Percetage of drivers self-reportig drik (left had axis) ad drug (right had axis) drivig at least oce i the last year; 2010/11 owards. Error bars show 95% cofidece itervals % drik drivig % drug drivig / / / / / Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 5 77

78 The cofidece iterval for the proportio of drivers admittig to drivig over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i 2014/15 overlaps with every year except 2011/12. So we ca coclude that although the level of drik drivig (gree lie) has decreased from that year, it has bee fairly steady i the years sice. The cofidece iterval for the proportio of drivers admittig to drivig whilst uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i 2014/15 overlaps with every other year. It seems likely, therefore, that ay chages observed over the last three years are probably as a result of samplig errors ad radomess i the respodets rather tha actual chages i real life behaviour. As more data are collected ad additioal years are added to the series it will become easier to separate out real chages from radom fluctuatios i the resposes. Backgroud otes Data limitatios The Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales results preseted i this article are based o a sample of people aged withi the geeral household populatio. The results are weighted to esure they best reflect a profile of the geeral populatio. As with all sample surveys, the results are subject to radom fluctuatio, particularly whe broke dow ito small age groups. The commetary ad tables iclude stadard statistical tests ad cofidece itervals for the overall figures, but most treds or differeces amogst idividual age groups show i the accompayig tables have ot bee tested for statistical sigificace ad should be treated with cautio. There may also be issues with accurate recall ad self-reportig from respodets, particularly i relatio to illegal or illicit behaviours. I additio, respodets may ot be able to make a accurate assessmet of whether they were over the legal alcohol limit whe they drove. The Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales (CSEW) The CSEW (formerly kow as the British Crime Survey) is a log-ruig household survey of people aged 16 ad over, residet i Eglad ad Wales. It collects data o experieces ad perceptios of crime via a face-to-face iterview. Sice 2009, it has icluded questios askig people whether they have drive whilst over the legal alcohol limit or uder the ifluece of drugs. Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 6 78

79 Betwee 35,000 ad 50,000 people were iterviewed for the survey i each year 2009/10 to 2013/14. Aroud half the sample uderwet a self-completio module towards the ed of the iterview, icludig the questios o drik ad drug drivig. Resposibility for the survey passed from the Home Office (HO) to the Office for Natioal Statistics (ONS) i Further techical iformatio about the survey, icludig a copy of the questioaire, ca be foud here: crime-statistics-methodology/idex.html Other published outputs from the CSEW ca be foud here: html?scl=crime+ad+justice Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales statistics are desigated Natioal Statistics. Natioal Statistics are produced to high professioal stadards as set out i the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. They udergo quality assurace reviews to esure that they meet customer eeds. Fidigs from the Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2014/15 - Page 7 79

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81 RAS10 Reported persoal ijury road accidets 81

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83 Table RAS10001 Reported accidets by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/percetage chage compared to 2013 Fatal Serious Slight All accidets Road traffic 1 Type of road % % % % % Number chage Number chage Number chage Number chage chage Motorways , , Built-up roads 20 mph , , mph , , , mph , , , All built-up roads , , , No built-up roads 50 mph , , mph , , , mph , , All o built-up roads , , , Major roads 2 1, , , , Mior roads , , , All roads 4 1, , , , Motor vehicle traffic oly. 2 Motorways, A(M) ad A roads (ie motorways, truk ad pricipal roads). 3 B, C ad uclassified roads (ie other roads). 4 Icludes ukow road class ad speed limit. Telephoe: Source: STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 83

84 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS10002 Reported accidets ad accidet rates by road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of accidets/rate per billio miles average Urba roads 2,3 A roads Fatal Fatal ad serious 6,258 6,430 6,149 5,656 5,391 5,718 5,636 5,092 5,230 All severities 49,121 48,661 47,207 45,473 43,697 44,016 42,206 40,050 42,916 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal Fatal ad serious 8,237 8,404 7,952 7,448 6,943 7,265 7,529 6,864 7,253 All severities 64,587 64,731 60,354 58,108 54,853 54,337 52,174 49,085 52,376 Rate All urba roads 5 Fatal Fatal ad serious 14,495 14,834 14,101 13,104 12,334 12,983 13,165 11,956 12,483 All severities 113, , , ,581 98,550 98,353 94,380 89,135 95,292 Rate Rural roads 2,3 A roads Fatal 983 1, Fatal ad serious 6,056 6,119 5,604 5,559 4,931 5,036 4,751 4,740 4,983 All severities 31,857 32,649 29,627 28,676 26,577 25,873 24,960 24,373 24,912 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal Fatal ad serious 5,000 5,093 4,907 4,593 4,125 4,062 3,996 3,895 4,188 All severities 27,466 28,085 26,144 24,654 22,787 21,429 20,616 19,755 20,488 Rate All rural roads 5 Fatal 1,542 1,639 1,373 1,222 1,046 1, Fatal ad serious 11,056 11,212 10,511 10,152 9,056 9,098 8,747 8,635 9,171 All severities 59,323 60,734 55,771 53,330 49,364 47,302 45,576 44,128 45,400 Rate All roads 5 Motorways Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 7,773 7,976 7,249 6,643 6,500 5,819 5,615 5,397 5,630 Rate A roads Fatal 1,439 1,487 1,278 1, , Fatal ad serious 12,316 12,550 11,755 11,215 10,322 10,754 10,387 9,832 10,213 All severities 80,991 81,316 76,839 74,149 70,274 69,889 67,166 64,423 67,828 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal 1,003 1, Fatal ad serious 13,238 13,497 12,859 12,041 11,068 11,327 11,525 10,759 11,441 All severities 92,067 92,823 86,503 82,762 77,640 75,766 72,790 68,840 72,864 Rate Total 5 Fatal 2,590 2,714 2,341 2,057 1,731 1,797 1,637 1,608 1,658 Fatal ad serious 26,473 27,036 25,462 24,054 22,171 22,783 22,538 21,232 22,334 All severities 180, , , , , , , , ,322 Rate Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 See urba ad rural defiitios. 4 B roads, C roads ad uclassified roads: excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 5 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 84

85 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS10002 Reported accidets ad accidet rates by road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of accidets/rate per billio kilometres average Urba roads 2,3 A roads Fatal Fatal ad serious 6,258 6,430 6,149 5,656 5,391 5,718 5,636 5,092 5,230 All severities 49,121 48,661 47,207 45,473 43,697 44,016 42,206 40,050 42,916 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal Fatal ad serious 8,237 8,404 7,952 7,448 6,943 7,265 7,529 6,864 7,253 All severities 64,587 64,731 60,354 58,108 54,853 54,337 52,174 49,085 52,376 Rate All urba roads 5 Fatal Fatal ad serious 14,495 14,834 14,101 13,104 12,334 12,983 13,165 11,956 12,483 All severities 113, , , ,581 98,550 98,353 94,380 89,135 95,292 Rate Rural roads 2,3 A roads Fatal 983 1, Fatal ad serious 6,056 6,119 5,604 5,559 4,931 5,036 4,751 4,740 4,983 All severities 31,857 32,649 29,627 28,676 26,577 25,873 24,960 24,373 24,912 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal Fatal ad serious 5,000 5,093 4,907 4,593 4,125 4,062 3,996 3,895 4,188 All severities 27,466 28,085 26,144 24,654 22,787 21,429 20,616 19,755 20,488 Rate All rural roads 5 Fatal 1,542 1,639 1,373 1,222 1,046 1, Fatal ad serious 11,056 11,212 10,511 10,152 9,056 9,098 8,747 8,635 9,171 All severities 59,323 60,734 55,771 53,330 49,364 47,302 45,576 44,128 45,400 Rate All roads 5 Motorways Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 7,773 7,976 7,249 6,643 6,500 5,819 5,615 5,397 5,630 Rate A roads Fatal 1,439 1,487 1,278 1, , Fatal ad serious 12,316 12,550 11,755 11,215 10,322 10,754 10,387 9,832 10,213 All severities 80,991 81,316 76,839 74,149 70,274 69,889 67,166 64,423 67,828 Rate Other roads 4 Fatal 1,003 1, Fatal ad serious 13,238 13,497 12,859 12,041 11,068 11,327 11,525 10,759 11,441 All severities 92,067 92,823 86,503 82,762 77,640 75,766 72,790 68,840 72,864 Rate Total 5 Fatal 2,590 2,714 2,341 2,057 1,731 1,797 1,637 1,608 1,658 Fatal ad serious 26,473 27,036 25,462 24,054 22,171 22,783 22,538 21,232 22,334 All severities 180, , , , , , , , ,322 Rate Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 See urba ad rural defiitios. 4 B roads, C roads ad uclassified roads: excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 5 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 85

86 RAS10003 Reported accidets by road class, speed limit ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of accidets average Motorways Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 7,773 7,976 7,249 6,643 6,500 5,819 5,615 5,397 5,630 A roads 20 mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 5,574 5,792 5,509 5,174 4,852 5,220 5,106 4,606 4,693 All severities 43,992 43,572 42,637 41,180 39,731 40,454 38,803 36,767 39, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 1,431 1,450 1,377 1,300 1,221 1,309 1,296 1,242 1,294 All severities 10,276 10,487 9,959 9,496 8,815 8,676 8,347 8,153 8, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 4,146 4,203 3,982 4,165 4,016 4,190 4,117 4,228 4, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 3,541 3,539 3,191 3,104 2,666 2,619 2,494 2,419 2,452 All severities 15,952 16,236 14,222 13,525 12,107 11,358 10,788 10,276 10, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 1,067 1, All severities 6,479 6,702 5,872 5,592 5,311 4,949 4,769 4,567 4,807 Other roads 2 20 mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 1,044 1,038 1,138 1,320 1,257 1,673 1,906 2,232 2, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 9,149 9,348 8,869 8,372 7,759 7,940 8,160 7,496 7,828 All severities 70,485 70,624 66,302 64,086 60,443 58,663 56,125 52,657 55, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities 4,431 4,551 4,168 3,963 3,698 3,658 3,513 3,295 3, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities , mph Fatal Fatal ad serious 3,100 3,160 2,965 2,665 2,372 2,303 2,257 2,116 2,250 All severities 15,171 15,704 13,985 12,434 11,264 10,800 10,285 9,649 9, mph Fatal Fatal ad serious All severities Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 B roads, C roads ad uclassified roads: excludes cases where road class was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 86

87 RAS10004 Reported accidets by severity, umber of casualties ivolved, built-up ad o built-up roads ad road class Great Britai, 2014 Fatal accidets Serious accidets Slight accidets Number of accidets Killed Seriously ijured All Slightly ijured accidets Built-up roads 1 A roads ,662 8,371 34,007 48,438 B roads ,620 2,449 9,700 14,231 Other roads ,611 6,737 34,026 47,628 All built-up roads ,819 11,893 17,557 77, ,297 No built-up roads 1 A roads ,184 4,713 10,524 19,390 B roads ,365 4,342 Other roads ,463 3,752 6,663 All o built-up ,491 3,669 7,107 16,641 30,395 roads 2 All speed limits 3 Motorways ,760 3,190 5,630 A roads ,761 6,846 13,084 44,531 67,828 B roads ,216 3,380 12,065 18,573 Other roads ,040 6,500 8,200 37,778 54,291 Total , ,040 3,486 15,910 26,424 97, ,322 1 Excludes motorways. 2 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 87

88 RAS10005 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets Daylight Darkess Wet or Sow Wet or Sow All 2 Dry flood or ice All 1 Dry flood or ice All 1 accidets Motorways Fatal Serious Slight 2, , ,409 4,950 All severities 2,902 1, , ,671 5,630 Built-up roads 3 Fatal Serious 8,044 1, ,007 2,360 1, ,248 14,255 Slight 55,907 14, ,159 13,257 10, ,131 95,290 All severities 64,279 16, ,586 15,804 12, , ,297 No built-up roads 3 Fatal Serious 3,036 1, , ,599 5,826 Slight 11,444 5, ,776 2,467 3, ,972 23,748 All severities 14,863 7, ,526 3,322 4, ,869 30,395 All speed limits 4 Fatal ,658 Serious 11,364 3, ,615 3,183 2, ,061 20,676 Slight 69,942 21, ,476 16,419 14, , ,988 All severities 82,044 24,757 1, ,071 19,975 17, , ,322 1 Icludes cases where road surface coditio was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where lightig coditio was ot reported. 3 Excludes motorways. 4 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 88

89 RAS10006 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, weather coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Daylight Darkess Number of accidets Fie Raiig Sowig Fog Fie Raiig Sowig Fog accidets Motorways Fatal Serious Slight 2, ,950 All severities 3, , ,630 Built-up roads 2 Fatal Serious 8, , ,255 Slight 61,930 6, ,204 5, ,290 All severities 71,263 7, ,642 6, ,297 All 1 No built-up roads 2 Fatal Serious 3, , ,826 Slight 14,533 2, ,033 1, ,748 All severities 18,676 3, ,430 1, ,395 All speed limits 3 Fatal ,658 Serious 12,958 1, ,484 1, ,676 Slight 79,397 9, ,188 7, ,988 All severities 93,235 11, ,219 8, ,322 1 Icludes cases where lightig coditio ad/or weather coditio was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 89

90 RAS10007 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads speed limit ad street lightig, Great Britai, 2014 Darkess Number of accidets Daylight Street No street lights/ Lightig All lights lit Street lights ulit ot reported All accidets 2 Motorways Dry 2, ,751 Wet or flood 1, ,812 Sow or ice All 1 3, ,671 5,630 Built-up roads 3 Speed limit 20 mph Dry 2, ,598 Wet or flood Sow or ice All 1 2, ,417 Speed limit 30 mph Dry 55,563 12, ,844 69,407 Wet or flood 14,046 9, ,631 24,677 Sow or ice All 1 70,079 22,343 1,307 1,202 24,852 94,931 Speed limit 40 mph Dry 6,598 1, ,480 8,078 Wet or flood 2,222 1, ,481 3,703 Sow or ice All 1 8,912 2, ,037 11,949 All built-up roads Dry 64,279 13, ,804 80,083 Wet or flood 16,735 11, ,445 29,180 Sow or ice All 1 81,586 25,386 1,923 1,402 28, ,297 No built-up roads 3 Speed limit 50 mph Dry 2, ,526 Wet or flood 1, ,916 Sow or ice All 1 4, ,470 5,534 Speed limit 60 mph Dry 9, , ,994 11,566 Wet or flood 4, , ,723 7,581 Sow or ice All 1 14, , ,981 19,937 Speed limit 70 mph Dry 2, ,093 Wet or flood ,694 Sow or ice All 1 3, ,418 4,924 All o built-up roads Dry 14,863 1,085 2, ,322 18,185 Wet or flood 7,004 1,133 2, ,187 11,191 Sow or ice All 1 22,526 2,264 5, ,869 30,395 All speed limits 4 Dry 82,044 15,384 3,446 1,145 19, ,019 Wet or flood 24,757 12,658 4, ,426 42,183 Sow or ice 1, ,898 All 1 108,071 28,449 8,071 1,731 38, ,322 1 Icludes cases where road surface coditio was ot reported. 3 Excludes motorways. 2 Icludes cases where light coditio was ot reported. 4 Icludes motorways. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 90

91 RAS10008 Reported accidets by daylight ad darkess, lightig coditios, special coditios ad carriageway hazards, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets Darkess No street Street lightig Street lights or street lightig All All 1 Daylight lit lights ulit ukow darkess accidets Special coditios at site Automatic traffic sigal out or defective Permaet road sig/markigs defective or obscured Roadworks 1, ,562 Road surface defective Oil or diesel Mud Total 2, ,205 Carriageway hazards Dislodged vehicle load i carriageway Other object i carriageway Ivolvemet with previous accidet Uijured pedestria i carriageway Aimal i carriageway (except ridde horses) Total 1, ,412 All accidets 2 108,071 28,449 8,071 1,731 38, ,322 1 Icludes cases where lightig coditio was ot reported. 2 Icludes accidets where there were o special coditios or carriageway hazard, or oe reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 91

92 RAS10009 Reported accidets by juctio type, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets Juctio Not at or with Private withi 20 T or more tha drive/ Other All metres of Roudabout 1 staggered 2 Crossroads 4 arms 3 etrace juctio juctios juctio 4 Motorways Fatal Serious Slight ,120 All Severities ,721 Built-up roads 5 Fatal Serious 1,142 5,494 1, ,153 5,102 Slight 10,705 37,912 11, ,084 2,198 67,496 27,794 All Severities 11,871 43,675 13, ,736 2,557 77,049 33,248 No built-up roads 5 Fatal Serious 342 1, ,040 3,786 Slight 2,710 4,600 1, ,732 14,016 All Severities 3,058 5,809 1, , ,954 18,441 All speed limits 6 Fatal ,071 Serious 1,497 6,648 1, ,267 9,409 Slight 13,682 43,058 12, ,976 2,648 78,058 45,930 All Severities 15,209 50,092 14,586 1,017 5,883 3,125 89,912 56,410 1 Icludes mii-roudabouts 2 Icludes slip roads 3 Excludes roudabouts 4 Icludes cases where juctio detail was ot reported. 5 Excludes motorways. 6 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 92

93 RAS10010 Reported sigle vehicle accidets 1 by object hit off carriageway, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 (a) Built-up roads 2 (b) No built-up roads 2 Number of accidets All oe vehicle All oe vehicle accidets accidets Object hit Fatal Serious Slight All Object hit Fatal Serious Slight All Noe 312 5,369 21,976 27,657 Noe ,507 3,497 Road sig or traffic sigal Road sig or traffic sigal Lamp post Lamp post Telegraph pole or electricity pole Telegraph pole or electricity pole Tree Tree ,119 1,648 Bus stop or shelter Bus stop or shelter Crash barrier Crash barrier Submerged Submerged Etered ditch Etered ditch Wall or fece Wall or fece Other permaet objects ,171 Other permaet objects ,134 Total ,281 25,556 32,286 Total ,162 7,234 9,678 (c) Motorways (d) All roads 4 All oe vehicle All oe vehicle accidets accidets Object hit Fatal Serious Slight All Object hit Fatal Serious Slight All Noe Noe 424 6,333 24,712 31,469 Road sig or traffic sigal Road sig or traffic sigal Lamp post Lamp post ,070 Telegraph pole or electricity pole Telegraph pole or electricity pole Tree Tree ,599 2,353 Bus stop or shelter Bus stop or shelter Crash barrier Crash barrier ,223 1,476 Submerged Submerged Etered ditch Etered ditch ,170 Wall or fece Wall or fece ,329 1,706 Other permaet objects Other permaet objects ,851 2,379 Total ,207 Total ,646 33,757 43,171 1 Icludes sigle vehicle accidets ivolvig pedestrias. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 Icludes cases where object hit was ot reported or cases where object hit was ukow. 4 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 93

94 RAS10011 Reported accidets by umber of vehicles ivolved, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets Oe vehicle oly Pedestria ad Two vehicles 2 oe vehicle 1 Four 2 Other Other Both Other Three 2 or more All Car vehicle Car vehicle cars combiatio vehicles vehicles accidets Built-up roads 3 A roads Fatal Serious , , ,721 All severities 1,939 2,436 5,577 1,808 13,786 18,395 3, ,438 B roads Fatal Serious ,971 All severities , ,193 4,869 1, ,231 Other roads Fatal Serious , , ,563 All severities 2,520 2,046 10,120 1,880 12,771 15,196 2, ,628 All built-up roads 4 Fatal Serious 780 1,049 3, ,526 5, ,255 All severities 5,267 5,112 17,796 4,111 30,750 38,460 7,202 1, ,297 No built-up roads 3 A roads Fatal Serious , ,575 All severities 3,678 1, ,980 4,766 2, ,390 B roads Fatal Serious All severities 1, , ,342 Other roads Fatal Serious ,317 All severities 1, ,955 1, ,663 All o built-up roads 4 Fatal Serious 1, ,123 1, ,826 All severities 6,992 2, ,174 7,326 3,148 1,069 30,395 All speed limits 5 Motorways Fatal Serious All severities ,538 1, ,630 A roads Fatal Serious , ,325 3, ,296 All severities 5,617 3,659 5,818 1,878 19,766 23,161 6,142 1,787 67,828 B roads Fatal Serious , ,905 All severities 2, , ,432 5,807 1, ,573 Other roads Fatal Serious , , ,880 All severities 4,495 2,591 10,269 1,919 14,726 16,818 2, ,291 Total 4 Fatal ,658 Serious 2,081 1,897 3, ,744 7,561 1, ,676 All severities 13,215 7,435 18,270 4,251 41,462 47,130 11,329 3, ,322 1 Icludes accidets ivolvig oe vehicle i which at least oe pedestria was ijured. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Icludes accidets i which pedestrias were ijured. 5 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 3 Excludes motorways. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 94

95 RAS10012 Reported accidets ivolvig pedestrias ad oe vehicle by severity ad vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets Sigle vehicle accidets Fatal Serious Slight All severities Pedal cycle Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Motorcycle 51cc - 125cc Motorcycle 126cc - 500cc Motorcycle over 500cc All motorcycles Car 241 3,527 13,272 17,040 Taxi / Private hire car ,153 Miibus Bus or coach ,022 Va / Light goods vehicle ,044 1,354 Heavy goods vehicle of which: Rigid Articulated Mobility scooter Other vehicle Ay vehicle ,668 17,464 22,521 Accidets ivolvig pedestria ad ,032 1,446 two or more vehicles 1 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases egie size was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where towig status was ot reported. 3 Icludes heavy goods vehicles towig trailers or caravas. 4 Vehicle type ot reported separately by all police forces 5 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 95

96 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS10013 Reported persoal ijury road accidets, by severity, Great Britai, Number of accidets FSA Year Fatal Serious (Fatal/Serious) Slight Total ,824 66,927 72, , , ,506 65,714 71, , , ,355 64,980 70, , , ,450 66,143 71, , , ,027 60,021 65, , , ,138 62,048 67, , , ,768 60,286 65, , , ,898 58,190 63, , , ,694 54,352 59, , , ,643 53,850 58, , , ,907 53,269 58, , , ,748 50,944 55, , , ,158 43,773 47, , , ,855 41,494 45, , , ,470 38,042 41, , , ,326 39,295 42, , , ,286 38,501 41, , , ,274 37,327 40, , , ,298 36,330 39, , , ,137 34,633 37, , , ,138 33,267 36, , , ,108 32,499 35, , , ,176 31,588 34, , , ,124 30,521 33, , , ,247 28,913 32, , , ,978 26,748 29, , , ,913 25,029 27, , , ,926 24,946 27, , , ,714 24,322 27, , , ,341 23,121 25, , , ,057 21,997 24, , , ,731 20,440 22, , , ,797 20,986 22, , , ,637 20,901 22, , , ,608 19,624 21, , , ,658 20,676 22, , ,322 Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 96

97 RAS10014 Reported accidets by regio, local authority ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets A A All A ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Motorway Truk 1 Pricipal roads 2 Mior All E North East ,909 2,286 2,970 5,329 E Couty Durham ,013 E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West ,881 6,231 7,611 14,784 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East ,005 E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria ,397 E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire ,088 1,150 1,708 3,078 E Liverpool ,244 E Machester ,014 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber ,899 5,255 7,171 12,936 E Barsley E Bradford ,246 E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds ,135 1,935 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire ,565 E Rotherham E Sheffield ,223 E Wakefield E York E East Midlads ,172 4,871 6,111 11,254 E Derby E Derbyshire ,743 E Leicester E Leicestershire ,449 E Licolshire ,215 2,194 E Northamptoshire ,301 E Nottigham E Nottighamshire ,107 1,903 E Rutlad

98 RAS10014 Reported accidets by regio, local authority ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets A A All A ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Motorway Truk 1 Pricipal roads 2 Mior All E West Midlads ,542 5,114 6,646 12,382 E Birmigham ,627 2,628 E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire ,036 1,002 2,163 E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire ,653 E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire ,031 E East of Eglad 611 1,046 4,711 5,757 7,652 14,020 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire ,546 E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex ,148 1,987 3,273 E Hertfordshire ,003 1,318 2,634 E Luto E Norfolk ,065 1,882 E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk ,761 E Thurrock E Lodo ,560 16,576 9,326 26,030 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig ,046 E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth ,263 E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark ,013 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,044 E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth ,000 E Westmister 0 0 1,045 1, ,597 98

99 RAS10014 Reported accidets by regio, local authority ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets A A All A ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Motorway Truk 1 Pricipal roads 2 Mior All E South East 1,640 1,454 8,786 10,240 11,614 23,494 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire ,121 E East Sussex ,416 E Hampshire ,138 1,577 2,976 E Isle of Wight E Ket ,715 2,173 2,052 4,618 E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire ,697 E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey ,562 1,759 1,788 3,962 E West Berkshire E West Sussex ,091 2,088 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham E South West ,211 4,989 6,164 11,428 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of ,024 E Corwall ,309 E Devo ,760 E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset ,162 E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire ,156 E Eglad 5,073 5,648 55,671 61,319 65, ,657 1 Based o 2010 Core etwork 2 Icludes 'A' roads where truk/pricipal status could ot be allocated 3 Icludes Lodo (Heathrow) Airport Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 99

100 RAS10015 Reported accidets by regio, local authority, road surface coditio ad severity, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets Road surface coditio Severity All Wet or Sow ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Dry flood or ice Fatal Serious Slight E North East 3,702 1, ,595 5,329 E Couty Durham ,013 E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 10,021 4, ,580 12,027 14,784 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East ,005 E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria ,200 1,397 E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire 2, ,403 3,078 E Liverpool ,004 1,244 E Machester ,014 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 9,222 3, ,000 10,793 12,936 E Barsley E Bradford ,059 1,246 E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds 1, ,626 1,935 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire 1, ,200 1,565 E Rotherham E Sheffield ,059 1,223 E Wakefield E York E East Midlads 7,491 3, ,685 9,414 11,254 E Derby E Derbyshire 1, ,383 1,743 E Leicester E Leicestershire ,219 1,449 E Licolshire 1, ,847 2,194 E Northamptoshire ,014 1,301 E Nottigham E Nottighamshire 1, ,600 1,903 E Rutlad

101 RAS10015 Reported accidets by regio, local authority, road surface coditio ad severity, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets Road surface coditio Severity All Wet or Sow ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Dry flood or ice Fatal Serious Slight E West Midlads 8,231 3, ,585 10,644 12,382 E Birmigham 1, ,250 2,628 E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire 1, ,997 2,163 E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire 1, ,369 1,653 E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire ,031 E East of Eglad 9,433 4, ,985 11,861 14,020 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire 1, ,266 1,546 E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex 2,203 1, ,709 3,273 E Hertfordshire 1, ,290 2,634 E Luto E Norfolk 1, ,542 1,882 E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk 1, ,533 1,761 E Thurrock E Lodo 21,069 4, ,979 23,923 26,030 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig ,046 E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth 1, ,167 1,263 E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark ,013 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,044 E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth ,000 E Westmister 1, ,460 1,597 Lodo Airport (Heathrow)

102 RAS10015 Reported accidets by regio, local authority, road surface coditio ad severity, Eglad, 2014 Number of accidets Road surface coditio Severity All Wet or Sow ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Dry flood or ice Fatal Serious Slight E South East 16,231 6, ,945 19,322 23,494 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire ,121 E East Sussex 1, ,073 1,416 E Hampshire 1, ,254 2,976 E Isle of Wight E Ket 3,220 1, ,028 4,618 E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire 1, ,357 1,697 E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey 2,693 1, ,283 3,962 E West Berkshire E West Sussex 1, ,648 2,088 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham E South West 7,707 3, ,750 9,505 11,428 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of ,024 E Corwall ,085 1,309 E Devo 1, ,459 1,760 E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset ,162 E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire ,156 E Eglad 93,107 36,740 1,593 1,386 18, , , Icludes 'A' roads where truk/pricipal status could ot be allocated Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 102

103 RAS20 Vehicles ivolved i reported road accidets 103

104 104

105 RAS20001 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets ad ivolvemet rates by vehicle type ad severity of accidet, Great Britai, Number of vehicles/rate per billio vehicle miles Pedal cycles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,416 2,497 2,584 2,698 2,727 2,875 2,962 3,411 3,529 3,471 3,775 Rate All severities 17,084 17,039 16,611 16,607 16,797 17,599 17,811 19,883 19,708 20,049 21,979 Rate 6,678 6,356 5,938 6,510 5,915 5,933 5,930 6,476 6,340 6,407 6,769 Motorcycle riders Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 7,059 6,854 6,863 7,087 6,389 6,105 5,446 5,920 5,628 5,485 5,933 Rate All severities 26,857 25,870 24,323 24,381 22,427 21,590 19,534 21,059 20,171 19,538 21,378 Rate 8,489 7,787 7,661 7,175 7,175 6,796 6,838 7,301 7,133 7,264 7,714 Cars Fatal 3,520 3,465 3,483 3,141 2,724 2,340 1,944 2,067 1,775 1,810 1,831 Rate Fatal or serious 34,416 32,129 31,892 30,302 28,403 26,731 24,236 24,511 24,189 22,802 23,896 Rate All severities 291, , , , , , , , , , ,576 Rate 1,191 1,155 1,085 1, Buses or coaches Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 1,237 1,131 1,159 1,138 1, Rate All severities 10,573 9,988 9,133 8,559 8,375 7,831 7,462 7,223 6,318 5,896 6,103 Rate 3,304 3,163 2,782 2,551 2,669 2,512 2,381 2,494 2,321 2,105 2,179 Vas / Light goods vehicles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,207 2,080 2,092 2,087 1,822 1,745 1,709 1,733 1,793 1,704 1,910 Rate All severities 15,728 16,078 15,593 14,620 13,621 13,214 12,866 12,886 12,575 12,686 14,043 Rate Heavy goods vehicles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,142 2,168 2,071 1,951 1,639 1,388 1,372 1,283 1,301 1,277 1,247 Rate All severities 12,516 12,120 11,336 10,688 9,040 7,487 7,615 7,126 6,720 6,524 6,873 Rate All vehicles 1 Fatal 5,276 5,204 5,253 4,930 4,171 3,587 3,119 3,221 2,850 2,846 2,902 Rate Fatal or serious 50,277 47,380 47,278 45,939 42,807 40,433 37,237 38,334 37,866 36,020 38,070 Rate All severities 379, , , , , , , , , , ,527 Rate 1,227 1,183 1,108 1, Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 105

106 RAS20001 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets ad ivolvemet rates by vehicle type ad severity of accidet, Great Britai, Number of vehicles/rate per billio vehicle kilometres Pedal cycles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,416 2,497 2,584 2,698 2,727 2,875 2,962 3,411 3,529 3,471 3,775 Rate All severities 17,084 17,039 16,611 16,607 16,797 17,599 17,811 19,883 19,708 20,049 21,979 Rate 4,149 3,950 3,690 4,045 3,675 3,687 3,685 4,024 3,940 3,981 4,206 Motorcycle riders Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 7,059 6,854 6,863 7,087 6,389 6,105 5,446 5,920 5,628 5,485 5,933 Rate All severities 26,857 25,870 24,323 24,381 22,427 21,590 19,534 21,059 20,171 19,538 21,378 Rate 5,275 4,839 4,760 4,459 4,458 4,223 4,249 4,536 4,432 4,514 4,793 Cars Fatal 3,520 3,465 3,483 3,141 2,724 2,340 1,944 2,067 1,775 1,810 1,831 Rate Fatal or serious 34,416 32,129 31,892 30,302 28,403 26,731 24,236 24,511 24,189 22,802 23,896 Rate All severities 291, , , , , , , , , , ,576 Rate Buses or coaches Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 1,237 1,131 1,159 1,138 1, Rate All severities 10,573 9,988 9,133 8,559 8,375 7,831 7,462 7,223 6,318 5,896 6,103 Rate 2,053 1,966 1,729 1,585 1,659 1,561 1,480 1,550 1,442 1,308 1,354 Vas / Light goods vehicles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,207 2,080 2,092 2,087 1,822 1,745 1,709 1,733 1,793 1,704 1,910 Rate All severities 15,728 16,078 15,593 14,620 13,621 13,214 12,866 12,886 12,575 12,686 14,043 Rate Heavy goods vehicles Fatal Rate Fatal or serious 2,142 2,168 2,071 1,951 1,639 1,388 1,372 1,283 1,301 1,277 1,247 Rate All severities 12,516 12,120 11,336 10,688 9,040 7,487 7,615 7,126 6,720 6,524 6,873 Rate All vehicles 1 Fatal 5,276 5,204 5,253 4,930 4,171 3,587 3,119 3,221 2,850 2,846 2,902 Rate Fatal or serious 50,277 47,380 47,278 45,939 42,807 40,433 37,237 38,334 37,866 36,020 38,070 Rate All severities 379, , , , , , , , , , ,527 Rate Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 106

107 RAS20002 Drivers i reported accidets by geder, umber ijured, road user type ad age, Great Britai, 2014 Number of drivers or riders/percetage Male Female All drivers or riders 1 Ivolved of which casualties Ivolved of which casualties Ivolved of which casualties Number Percetage Number Percetage Number Percetage Car drivers Uder ,370 2, ,314 2, ,695 4, ,710 5, ,679 5, ,463 11, ,341 5, ,238 4, ,672 9, ,731 4, ,722 4, ,668 8, ,878 3, ,600 3, ,579 7, ,055 7, ,618 7, ,802 14, ,979 5, ,536 4, ,579 10, ,666 3, ,865 2, ,570 5, ad over 8,076 3, ,799 2, ,906 5, Age ot reported 8, , , All ages 113,066 42, ,245 36, ,576 78, Motorcycle riders 50cc ad uder Uder ad over Age ot reported All ages 2,103 1, ,498 2, Motorcycle riders over 50cc Uder ,150 2, ,362 3, ,355 2, ,525 2, ,138 2, ,391 3, ,900 2, ,138 2, ,133 2, ,285 2, ad over Age ot reported All ages 17,212 16, ,209 1, ,662 17, All Motorcycle riders 2 Uder ,056 1, ,529 3, ,789 3, ,571 2, ,773 2, ,369 3, ,670 3, ,057 2, ,323 3, ,233 2, ,409 2, ad over , Age ot reported All ages 19,489 18, ,574 1, ,378 19, Icludes cases where geder was ot reported. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 107

108 RAS20003 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by accidet severity ad vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles Number of vehicles ivolved i Fatal Serious Slight All accidets accidets accidets accidets Pedal cycles 122 3,653 18,204 21,979 Motorcycles 1 Motorcycles 50cc ad uder ,052 2,498 Motorcycles 51cc - 125cc 63 1,879 6,961 8,903 Motorcycles 126cc - 500cc ,734 2,352 Motorcycles over 500cc 278 2,582 4,547 7,407 All motorcycles ,558 15,445 21,378 Taxis/Private hire cars ,871 5,509 Cars 3 1,789 21, , ,488 Miibuses All cars 4 1,831 22, , ,576 Buses or coaches ,326 6,103 Trams Vas / Light goods vehicles 169 1,741 12,133 14,043 Heavy goods vehicles Rigid ,475 4,226 Articulated ,151 2,647 Total ,626 6,873 Agricultural vehicles Ridde horses Mobility scooters Other vehicles ,329 1,626 All vehicles 6 2,902 35, , ,527 1 Icludes motorcycle combiatios ad scooters. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 3 Icludes three wheelers. 4 Icludes cars, taxis, miibuses. 5 Icludes cases where HGV type was ot reported. 6 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 108

109 RAS20004 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by vehicle type, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad accidet severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles Buses Vas / Light Heavy or goods goods All Pedal cycles Motorcycles Cars coaches vehicles vehicles vehicles 1 Built-up roads 2 A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 1,327 1,709 6, ,257 All severities 8,893 8,549 63,267 3,059 4,524 1,669 90,625 B roads Fatal Fatal or serious , ,523 All severities 2,568 2,137 18, , ,951 Other roads Fatal Fatal or serious 1,391 1,474 6, ,704 All severities 8,699 6,028 60,368 1,982 3, ,593 All built-up roads 3 Fatal ,145 Fatal or serious 3,133 3,741 15, , ,484 All severities 20,160 16, ,542 5,696 9,618 2, ,169 No built-up roads 2 A roads Fatal ,144 Fatal or serious 303 1,351 5, ,965 All severities 883 2,889 29, ,431 2,086 38,358 B roads Fatal Fatal or serious , ,805 All severities , ,405 Other roads Fatal Fatal or serious , ,337 All severities , ,055 All o built-up roads 3 Fatal ,570 Fatal or serious 641 2,094 7, ,107 All severities 1,817 4,418 43, ,500 2,537 56,818 All speed limits 4 Motorways Fatal Fatal or serious , ,479 All severities , ,500 12,540 A roads Fatal , ,658 Fatal or serious 1,630 3,060 11, ,222 All severities 9,776 11,438 92,661 3,288 6,955 3, ,983 B roads Fatal Fatal or serious , ,328 All severities 2,849 2,817 24, , ,356 Other roads Fatal Fatal or serious 1,620 1,851 8, ,041 All severities 9,352 6,877 68,633 2,051 4,576 1,103 93,648 Total 3 Fatal , ,902 Fatal or serious 3,775 5,933 23, ,910 1,247 38,070 All severities 21,979 21, ,576 6,103 14,043 6, ,527 1 Icludes other o-motor vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 4 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 109

110 RAS20005 Vehicle ivolvemet rates for reported accidets, by vehicle type, urba ad rural roads, road class, accidet severity ad traffic, Great Britai, 2014 Rate per billio vehicle miles Buses Vas / Light Heavy Pedal Motor- or goods goods All cycles cycles Cars coaches vehicles vehicles vehicles 1 Urba roads 2,5 A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 2,678 2, All severities 18,578 14,574 1,392 3, ,609 Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 819 2, All severities 5,473 8,555 1,264 2, ,233 1,381 All urba roads 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 1,186 2, All severities 8,058 10,930 1,319 3, ,478 Rural roads 2,5 A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 4,560 2, All severities 16,435 5, Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 738 2, All severities 2,652 5, , All rural roads 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 1,112 2, All severities 4,000 5, All roads Motorways Fatal Fatal or serious All severities.. 1, A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 3,031 2, All severities 18,176 9, , Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 791 2, All severities 4,504 7,374 1,061 2, ,056 1,144 Total 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 1,163 2, All severities 6,769 7, , Estimated vehicle miles (billio) Urba roads 2, Rural roads 2, Motorways Total Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 5 See urba ad rural defiitios. 3 B, C ad uclassified roads. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 110

111 RAS20005 Vehicle ivolvemet rates for reported accidets, by vehicle type, urba ad rural roads, road class, accidet severity ad traffic, Great Britai, 2014 Rate per billio vehicle kilometres Buses Vas / Light Heavy Pedal Motor- or goods goods All cycles cycles Cars coaches vehicles vehicles vehicles 1 Urba roads 2,5 A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 1,664 1, All severities 11,544 9, , ,000 Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 509 1, All severities 3,401 5, , All urba roads 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 737 1, All severities 5,007 6, , Rural roads 2,5 A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 2,833 1, All severities 10,212 3, Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 459 1, All severities 1,648 3, All rural roads 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 691 1, All severities 2,485 3, All roads Motorways Fatal Fatal or serious All severities A roads Fatal Fatal or serious 1,883 1, All severities 11,294 5, , Other roads 3 Fatal Fatal or serious 492 1, All severities 2,799 4, , Total 4 Fatal Fatal or serious 722 1, All severities 4,206 4, , Estimated vehicle kilometres (billio) Urba roads 2, Rural roads 2, Motorways Total Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 5 See urba ad rural defiitios. 3 B, C ad uclassified roads. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 111

112 RAS20006 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by juctio type, vehicle type, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles Juctio Usig Not at or T or with private withi Roud- staggered more tha Other drive or 20 metres about juctio Crossroads 4 arms 1 Slip road juctio etrace of juctio Pedal cycles Built-up roads 2,915 8,788 2, ,125 4,410 No built-up roads ,001 Motorways All roads 2 3,237 9,104 2, ,184 5,411 Motorcycles Built-up roads 1,744 7,452 1, ,049 3,995 No built-up roads ,559 Motorways All roads 2 2,266 8,228 2, ,307 6,746 Cars Built-up roads 16,014 54,595 18,459 1, ,351 6,232 41,824 No built-up roads 4,312 7,621 2, , ,837 24,797 Motorways , ,182 All roads 2 20,805 62,251 20,720 1,342 3,341 4,245 8,069 74,803 Buses or Built-up roads 363 2, ,069 coaches No built-up roads Motorways All roads , ,319 Vas / Light Built-up roads 882 3,781 1, ,961 good vehicles No built-up roads ,003 Motorways All roads 2 1,236 4,415 1, ,754 Heavy goods vehicles Articulated Built-up roads No built-up roads Motorways All roads ,704 Rigid Built-up roads No built-up roads Motorways All roads ,188 All HGVs Built-up roads No built-up roads ,607 Motorways ,315 All roads , ,892 Other vehicles 3 Built-up roads No built-up roads Motorways All roads ,232 All vehicles 3 Built-up roads 22,459 78,383 24,919 1,686 1,138 4,613 9,159 56,812 No built-up roads 5,763 9,850 2, ,891 1,129 2,534 32,767 Motorways , ,578 All roads 2 28,803 88,274 27,674 1,829 4,325 5,772 11, ,157 1 Excludes roudabouts 2 Icludes cases where road class ad/or speed limit was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ukow. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 112

113 RAS20007 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets skiddig or overturig, ad towig by road surface coditio, special coditios at site ad vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles Road surface coditios 1 Special coditios at site 1 Dry Wet or flood Sow or ice Oil or diesel Mud All 2 Pedal cycles Ivolved 17,234 4, ,979 Skidded Motorcycles Ivolved 15,557 5, ,378 Skidded 2,817 1, ,699 Cars Ivolved 134,602 58,261 2, ,576 Skidded 7,278 7,851 1, ,284 Overtured 3 3,155 2, ,124 Towig carava Other tow Vas / Light goods vehicles Ivolved 9,918 3, ,043 Skidded ,072 Overtured Towig carava Other tow Heavy goods vehicles Rigid 4 Ivolved 3,008 1, ,226 Skidded Jack-kifed Overtured Articulated Ivolved 1, ,647 Skidded Jack-kifed Overtured All HGVs 5 Ivolved 4,867 1, ,873 Skidded Jack-kifed Overtured Buses or coaches Ivolved 4,915 1, ,103 Skidded Overtured Other vehicles 6 Ivolved 1, ,575 Skidded Overtured All 6 189,014 76,151 2, ,527 1 Vehicles ca be couted i both "road surface coditios" ad "special coditios at site" colums. 2 Icludes cases where road surface coditio or special coditio at site was ot reported. 3 Icludes vehicles which may have skidded or jack-kifed before overturig. 4 Icludes vehicles towig trailers or caravas. 5 Icludes cases where body type was ot reported. 6 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 113

114 RAS20008 Vehicles ivolved i reported accidets by vehicle type ad maoeuvre, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles Pedal Motorcycles Motorcycles Motorcycles Motorcycles All cycles 50cc ad uder cc cc over 500cc motorcycles 1 Reversig Parked Waitig to go ahead but held up Slowig or stoppig ,279 Movig off U turig Turig left Waitig to tur left Turig right 1, Waitig to tur right Chagig lae to left Chagig lae to right Overtakig a movig vehicle - offside ,645 Overtakig a statioary vehicle - offside ,044 Overtakig - earside Goig ahead o a left-had bed ,168 Goig ahead o a right-had bed ,081 Goig ahead other 16,416 1,458 5,200 1,320 3,811 11,917 All kow maoeuvres 21,978 2,498 8,903 2,352 7,407 21,378 Number of vehicles ivolved i accidets 2 21,979 2,498 8,903 2,352 7,407 21,378 of which - at a juctio 16,568 1,785 6,492 1,643 4,588 14,632 Number of vehicles Heavy goods vehicles Buses Vas / Light All vehicles or goods HGVs of which other tha Cars coaches vehicles ivolved LHD 3 two-wheel 4 Reversig 2, ,699 Parked 8, ,024 Waitig to go ahead but held up 14, ,079 Slowig or stoppig 16,445 1,031 1, ,224 Movig off 8, ,401 U turig 1, ,097 Turig left 7, ,590 Waitig to tur left 1, ,227 Turig right 23, , ,722 Waitig to tur right 3, ,706 Chagig lae to left 1, ,264 Chagig lae to right 1, ,430 Overtakig a movig vehicle - offside 2, ,496 Overtakig a statioary vehicle - offside 1, ,847 Overtakig - earside Goig ahead o a left-had bed 6, ,232 Goig ahead o a right-had bed 7, ,822 Goig ahead other 84,635 2,425 5,913 3, ,468 All kow maoeuvres 195,572 6,101 14,042 6, ,162 Number of vehicles ivolved i accidets 2 195,576 6,103 14,043 6, ,170 of which - at a juctio 120,773 3,784 8,289 2, ,170 1 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where vehicle maoeuvre was ot reported. 3 Left had drive. 4 Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle class was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 114

115 RAS20009 Vehicles ivolved i reported persoal ijury road accidets, by vehicle type, Great Britai, Number of vehicles Vas / Light Heavy Pedal Bus or goods goods All Year cycle Motorcycle Car coach vehicles vehicles vehicles ,792 69, ,327 14,808 24,715 18, , ,884 73, ,979 13,814 22,319 15, , ,496 70, ,531 13,083 22,106 14, , ,429 73, ,541 12,914 21,707 14, , ,824 65, ,714 12,763 19,853 13, , ,210 65, ,954 12,802 20,911 14, , ,953 57, ,517 12,468 23,113 14, , ,041 53, ,588 12,137 23,437 14, , ,010 47, ,636 11,766 22,651 15, , ,561 44, ,693 12,086 24,671 16, , ,327 43, ,213 12,711 25,793 17, , ,108 40, ,181 12,200 24,652 16, , ,439 31, ,076 11,417 21,802 15, , ,299 27, ,382 11,264 20,490 14, , ,612 25, ,790 10,947 19,069 14, , ,415 25, ,946 11,413 19,495 14, , ,497 24, ,083 10,994 18,674 13, , ,102 23, ,091 11,196 19,186 13, , ,200 25, ,924 11,241 20,070 14, , ,423 25, ,794 11,762 20,083 14, , ,482 27, ,866 11,888 18,052 15, , ,055 29, ,846 11,733 17,671 15, , ,497 30, ,900 11,521 18,314 14, , ,532 29, ,568 10,781 17,755 13, , ,472 29, ,933 10,939 17,486 13, , ,084 26, ,842 10,573 15,728 12, , ,039 25, ,810 9,988 16,078 12, , ,611 24, ,991 9,133 15,593 11, , ,607 24, ,891 8,559 14,620 10, , ,797 22, ,923 8,375 13,621 9, , ,599 21, ,244 7,831 13,214 7, , ,811 19, ,685 7,462 12,866 7, , ,883 21, ,720 7,223 12,886 7, , ,708 20, ,388 6,318 12,575 6, , ,049 19, ,769 5,896 12,686 6, , ,979 21, ,576 6,103 14,043 6, ,527 1 Icludes other vehicles ad cases where the vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 115

116 RAS20010 Vehicles i reported persoal ijury accidets by jourey purpose of driver/rider ad by vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles/percetage Vas / Light Heavy Pedal Bus or goods goods All Jourey purpose cycle Motorcycle Car coach vehicles vehicles vehicles 1 Work No. of vehicles 1,370 1,987 21,632 5,298 6,770 5,676 43,946 Percetage Commutig No. of vehicles 3,448 3,426 19, , ,775 Percetage Takig Pupil to School No. of vehicles , ,675 Percetage Pupil Ridig to School No. of vehicles Percetage Other / Ukow No. of vehicles 16,678 15, , ,036 1, ,198 Percetage Total No. of vehicles 21,979 21, ,576 6,103 14,043 6, ,527 Percetage Icludes other vehicle types ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 116

117 RAS30 Casualties ivolved i reported road accidets 117

118 118

119 Table RAS30001 Reported road casualties by road user type ad severity, Great Britai compariso of 2014 with average ad 2013 Number/percetage chage % chage over % chage average average from 2013 Pedestrias Killed Seriously ijured 6,145 5,200 5,454 5,559 4,998 5, KSI 1 6,758 5,605 5,907 5,979 5,396 5, Slightly ijured 23,206 20,240 20,291 19,239 18,637 19, All casualties 29,965 25,845 26,198 25,218 24,033 24, Pedal cyclists Killed Seriously ijured 2,398 2,660 3,085 3,222 3,143 3, KSI 2,528 2,771 3,192 3,340 3,252 3, Slightly ijured 13,934 14,414 16,023 15,751 16,186 17, All casualties 16,463 17,185 19,215 19,091 19,438 21, Motorcycle users Killed Seriously ijured 5,776 4,780 5,247 5,000 4,866 5, KSI 6,320 5,183 5,609 5,328 5,197 5, Slightly ijured 16,452 13,503 14,541 13,982 13,555 14, All casualties 22,772 18,686 20,150 19,310 18,752 20, Car occupats Killed 1, Seriously ijured 11,577 8,914 8,342 8,232 7,641 8, KSI 12,984 9,749 9,225 9,033 8,426 8, Slightly ijured 147, , , , , , All casualties 160, , , , , , Bus ad coach occupats Killed Seriously ijured KSI Slightly ijured 6,690 5,867 5,845 4,911 4,531 4, All casualties 7,100 6,268 6,177 5,234 4,873 5, Goods vehicle occupats Killed Seriously ijured KSI Slightly ijured 6,836 5,501 5,379 5,312 5,195 5, All casualties 7,651 6,072 5,914 5,873 5,734 6, All road users 2 Killed 2,816 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1, Seriously ijured 27,225 22,660 23,122 23,039 21,657 22, KSI 30,041 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24, Slightly ijured 216, , , , , , All casualties 246, , , , , , of whom childre: 0-15 years Killed Seriously ijured 2,940 2,447 2,352 2,211 1,932 2, KSI 3,067 2,502 2,412 2,272 1,980 2, Slightly ijured 20,955 17,067 17,062 14,979 13,776 14, All casualties 24,021 19,569 19,474 17,251 15,756 16, Casualty rates 3 Killed Seriously ijured KSI Slightly ijured All casualties Killed or seriously ijured. 2 Icludes other vehicles. 3 Casualties per billio vehicle miles. Telephoe: Source: STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 119

120 Table RAS30002 Reported casualties by road user type, age ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/percetage chage compared to 2013 Road traffic % % % % % Number chage Number chage Number chage Number chage chage Pedestrias Childre: 0-15 years , , , Youg people: 0-17 years , , , Adults: years , , , ad over , , , All casualties , , , Pedal cyclists Childre: 0-15 years , , Youg people: 0-17 years , , Adults: years , , , ad over , All casualties , , , Car occupats Childre: 0-15 years , , Youg people: 0-17 years , , Adults: years , , , ad over , , , All casualties , , , Motorcycle users , , , Bus ad coach , , Va/Light goods veh , , HGV , , All road users Childre: 0-15 years , , , Youg people: 0-17 yrs , , , Adults: years 1, , , , ad over , , , All casualties 1 1, , , , Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 2 Icludes pedal cycles. Telephoe: Source: STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All casualties 120

121 Table RAS30003 Reported casualties by severity, Great Britai, Number/billio miles Killed or Motor traffic Seriously seriously Slightly All billio Year ad quarter Killed ijured ijured ijured casualties vehicle miles average 2,816 27,225 30, , , ,221 31,130 34, , , ,201 28,954 32, , , ,172 28,673 31, , , ,946 27,774 30, , , ,538 26,034 28, , , ,222 24,690 26, , , ,850 22,660 24, , , ,901 23,122 25, , , ,754 23,039 24, , , ,713 21,657 23, , , ,775 22,807 24, , , Q ,149 5,594 41,641 47, Q ,886 6,373 45,207 51, Q ,146 6,640 45,596 52, Q ,941 6,416 46,483 52, Q ,443 5,857 40,733 46, Q ,579 5,981 41,385 47, Q ,221 6,691 44,154 50, Q ,796 6,264 44,658 50, Q ,376 4,712 35,039 39, Q ,434 5,873 38,347 44, Q ,122 6,590 42,604 49, Q ,725 6,195 44,310 50, Q ,168 5,544 40,349 45, Q ,805 6,233 41,790 48, Q ,035 6,492 42,972 49, Q ,799 6,313 44,784 51, Chage o same quarter of previous year 2012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Telephoe: Source: STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 121

122 Table RAS30004 All reported casualties by road user type, Great Britai, Number Pedestrias Other All casualties Pedal Motorcycle Car vehicle Year ad quarter All ages Childre 1 cyclists users occupats users All ages Childre average 29,965 9,508 16,463 22, ,667 16, ,050 24, ,881 12,234 16,648 25, ,858 19, ,840 31, ,281 11,250 16,561 24, ,302 18, ,017 28, ,982 10,131 16,196 23, ,000 16, ,404 25, ,191 9,527 16,195 23, ,433 16, ,780 23, ,482 8,648 16,297 21, ,188 15, ,905 21, ,887 7,983 17,064 20, ,412 14, ,146 20, ,845 7,929 17,185 18, ,205 13, ,648 19, ,198 7,807 19,215 20, ,924 13, ,950 19, ,218 6,999 19,091 19, ,708 12, ,723 17, ,033 6,396 19,438 18, ,787 11, ,670 15, ,748 6,481 21,287 20, ,530 12, ,477 16, Q1 6,617 1,949 3,775 3,946 29,627 3,270 47,235 4,332 Q2 6,273 2,165 5,405 5,539 31,036 3,327 51,580 5,521 Q3 6,058 1,931 5,470 5,630 31,580 3,498 52,236 5,317 Q4 7,250 1,762 4,565 5,035 32,681 3,368 52,899 4, Q1 6,473 1,772 4,169 4,254 28,553 3,141 46,590 3,989 Q2 5,711 1,818 4,451 4,870 29,314 3,020 47,366 4,556 Q3 5,867 1,813 5,902 5,722 30,110 3,244 50,845 4,840 Q4 7,167 1,596 4,569 4,464 31,731 2,991 50,922 3, Q1 5,613 1,441 3,218 3,113 25,192 2,615 39,751 3,161 Q2 5,576 1,684 4,987 5,114 25,781 2,762 44,220 4,068 Q3 5,661 1,650 6,388 5,762 28,183 3,200 49,194 4,617 Q4 7,183 1,621 4,845 4,763 30,631 3,083 50,505 3, Q1 6,623 1,647 4,486 3,976 27,838 2,970 45,893 3,813 Q2 5,598 1,731 5,565 5,517 28,172 3,171 48,023 4,514 Q3 5,420 1,502 6,340 5,877 28,544 3,283 49,464 4,484 Q4 7,107 1,601 4,896 4,996 30,976 3,122 51,097 3,916 Chage o same quarter of previous year 2012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Aged 0-15 years. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 122

123 Table RAS30005 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties, by road user type, Great Britai, Number Pedestrias Other All casualties Pedal Motorcycle Car vehicle Year ad quarter All ages Childre 1 cyclists users occupats users All ages Childre average 6,758 1,900 2,528 6,320 12,984 1,451 30,041 3, ,478 2,339 2,308 6,648 16,144 1,773 34,351 3, ,129 2,134 2,360 6,508 14,617 1,541 32,155 3, ,051 2,025 2,442 6,484 14,254 1,614 31,845 3, ,924 1,899 2,564 6,737 12,967 1,528 30,720 3, ,642 1,784 2,565 6,049 11,968 1,348 28,572 2, ,045 1,660 2,710 5,822 11,112 1,223 26,912 2, ,605 1,646 2,771 5,183 9,749 1,202 24,510 2, ,907 1,602 3,192 5,609 9,225 1,090 25,023 2, ,979 1,545 3,340 5,328 9,033 1,113 24,793 2, ,396 1,358 3,252 5,197 8,426 1,099 23,370 1, ,509 1,379 3,514 5,628 8,832 1,099 24,582 2, Q1 1, ,024 2, , Q2 1, ,644 2, , Q3 1, ,698 2, , Q4 1, ,243 2, , Q1 1, ,111 2, , Q2 1, ,419 2, , Q3 1, ,065 1,691 2, , Q4 1, ,107 2, , Q1 1, , , Q2 1, ,542 1, , Q3 1, ,102 1,740 2, , Q4 1, ,124 2, , Q1 1, , , Q2 1, ,663 2, , Q3 1, ,096 1,754 2, , Q4 1, ,222 2, , Chage o same quarter of previous year 2012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Aged 0-15 years. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 123

124 Table RAS30006 Reported casualties by speed limit, road class ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/percetage chage compared to 2013 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All casualties Road traffic 1 Type of road % % % % % Number chage Number chage Number chage Number chage chage Motorways , , Built-up roads 20 mph , , mph , , , mph , , , All built-up roads , , , No built-up roads 50 mph , , , mph , , , mph , , All o built-up roads , , , Major roads 2 1, , , , Mior roads , , , All roads 4 1, , , , Motor vehicle traffic oly. 2 Motorways, A(M) ad A roads (ie motorways, truk ad pricipal roads). 3 B, C ad uclassified roads (ie other roads). 4 Icludes ukow road class ad speed limit. Telephoe: Source: STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 124

125 Table RAS30007 Reported casualties by severity, by police force area, Great Britai, 2014 Number Killed or Seriously seriously Slightly All Police force area Killed ijured ijured ijured casualties Avo ad Somerset ,770 4,267 Bedfordshire ,905 2,140 Cambridgeshire ,330 2,725 Cheshire ,019 3,567 City of Lodo Clevelad ,095 1,254 Cumbria ,701 1,932 Derbyshire ,648 3,170 Devo ad Corwall ,771 5,492 Dorset ,015 2,405 Durham ,699 1,907 Essex ,727 5,484 Gloucestershire ,168 Greater Machester ,918 5,635 Hampshire 43 1,020 1,063 4,612 5,675 Hertfordshire ,299 3,690 Humberside ,275 3,762 Ket ,433 7,148 Lacashire ,621 5,480 Leicestershire ,866 3,240 Licolshire ,717 3,115 Merseyside ,458 4,071 Metropolita Police 125 1,990 2,115 28,332 30,447 Norfolk ,199 2,578 North Yorkshire ,335 2,841 Northamptoshire ,381 1,698 Northumbria ,986 4,439 Nottighamshire ,319 3,769 South Yorkshire ,088 4,557 Staffordshire ,718 3,941 Suffolk ,107 2,349 Surrey ,673 5,408 Sussex ,030 4,674 5,704 Thames Valley ,015 6,335 7,350 Warwickshire ,946 2,261 West Mercia ,749 3,177 West Midlads ,748 7,698 West Yorkshire ,013 6,938 Wiltshire ,843 2,157 Eglad 1,472 19,953 21, , ,029 Dyfed-Powys ,438 1,780 Gwet ,119 1,268 North Wales ,556 1,960 South Wales ,832 3,200 Wales 103 1,160 1,263 6,945 8,208 Police Scotlad 200 1,694 1,894 9,346 11,240 Great Britai 1,775 22,807 24, , ,477 Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 125

126 Table RAS30008 Reported casualties by severity, by local authority area, Great Britai, 2014 Number Killed or Seriously seriously Slightly All Local authority area LA code Killed ijured ijured ijured casualties Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E ,178 1,276 Barsley E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bedford E Bexley E Birmigham E ,191 3,584 Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bouremouth E Brackell Forest E Bradford E ,548 1,752 Bret E ,067 Brighto ad Hove E Bristol, City of E ,081 1,201 Bromley E Buckighamshire E ,291 1,527 Bury E Calderdale E Cambridgeshire E ,729 2,049 Camde E ,037 Cetral Bedfordshire E Cheshire East E ,113 1,338 Cheshire West ad Chester E ,136 City of Lodo E Corwall (excludig Isles of Scilly) E ,654 1,907 Couty Durham E ,403 1,585 Covetry E Croydo E ,043 1,114 Cumbria E ,701 1,932 Darligto E Derby E Derbyshire E ,896 2,312 Devo E ,088 2,427 Docaster E ,129 1,237 Dorset E ,037 1,276 Dudley E Ealig E ,209 1,290 East Ridig of Yorkshire E ,023 1,211 East Sussex E ,579 1,969 Efield E ,003 Essex E ,731 4,352 Gateshead E Gloucestershire E ,168 Greewich E Hackey E ,020 Halto E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Hampshire E ,970 3,

127 Harigey E ,015 1,100 Harrow E Hartlepool E Haverig E Herefordshire, Couty of E Hertfordshire E ,299 3,690 Hilligdo E Houslow E ,001 1,063 Isle of Wight E Isles of Scilly E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Ket E ,645 6,303 Kigsto upo Hull, City of E ,017 Kigsto upo Thames E Kirklees E ,109 Kowsley E Lambeth E ,294 1,392 Lacashire E ,635 4,367 Leeds E ,198 2,532 Leicester E ,108 1,208 Leicestershire E ,665 1,915 Lewisham E ,039 Licolshire E ,717 3,115 Liverpool E ,564 1,818 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) Luto E Machester E ,230 1,399 Medway E Merto E Middlesbrough E Milto Keyes E ,049 Newcastle upo Tye E Newham E Norfolk E ,199 2,578 North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Somerset E North Tyeside E North Yorkshire E ,827 2,258 Northamptoshire E ,381 1,698 Northumberlad E ,086 Nottigham E ,129 1,236 Nottighamshire E ,190 2,533 Oldham E Oxfordshire E ,823 2,201 Peterborough E Plymouth E Poole E Portsmouth E Readig E Redbridge E Redcar ad Clevelad E Richmod upo Thames E Rochdale E

128 Rotherham E Rutlad E Salford E Sadwell E Sefto E Sheffield E ,479 1,665 Shropshire E Slough E Solihull E Somerset E ,405 1,623 South Gloucestershire E South Tyeside E Southampto E Southed-o-Sea E Southwark E ,045 1,114 St. Heles E Staffordshire E ,904 3,083 Stockport E Stockto-o-Tees E Stoke-o-Tret E Suffolk E ,107 2,349 Suderlad E Surrey E ,673 5,408 Sutto E Swido E Tameside E Telford ad Wreki E Thurrock E Torbay E Tower Hamlets E ,133 1,221 Trafford E Wakefield E Walsall E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E ,043 1,124 Warrigto E Warwickshire E ,946 2,261 West Berkshire E West Sussex E ,266 2,748 Westmister E ,687 1,825 Wiga E Wiltshire E ,362 1,607 Widsor ad Maidehead E Wirral E Wokigham E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E ,218 1,383 York E Eglad E ,472 19,953 21, , ,

129 Blaeau Gwet W Bridged W Caerphilly W Cardiff W Carmartheshire W Ceredigio W Cowy W Debighshire W Flitshire W Gwyedd W Isle of Aglesey W Merthyr Tydfil W Momouthshire W Neath Port Talbot W Newport W Pembrokeshire W Powys W Rhodda, Cyo, Taff W Swasea W The Vale of Glamorga W Torfae W Wrexham W Wales W ,160 1,263 6,945 8,

130 Aberdee City S Aberdeeshire S Agus S Argyll & Bute S Clackmaashire S Dumfries & Galloway S Dudee City S East Ayrshire S East Dubartoshire S East Lothia S East Refrewshire S Ediburgh, City of S ,307 1,471 Falkirk S Fife S Glasgow City S ,379 1,565 Highlad S Iverclyde S Midlothia S Moray S Na h-eileaa a Iar (Wester Isles) S North Ayrshire S North Laarkshire S Orkey Islads S Perth ad Kiross S Refrewshire S Scottish Borders S Shetlad Islads S South Ayrshire S South Laarkshire S Stirlig S West Dubartoshire S West Lothia S Scotlad S ,694 1,894 9,346 11,240 Great Britai K ,775 22,807 24, , ,477 Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 25 Jue 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: Jue 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 130

131 RAS30009 Reported casualties by geder, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Male average Built-up roads 2 A roads Killed KSI 3 5,340 5,502 5,191 4,927 4,510 4,878 4,868 4,492 4,582 All severities 41,580 41,651 40,336 38,946 37,395 38,181 36,773 34,865 37,365 B roads Killed KSI 1,701 1,777 1,636 1,598 1,316 1,586 1,568 1,525 1,527 All severities 12,490 12,425 11,927 11,687 10,892 11,095 10,880 10,287 10,739 Other roads Killed KSI 5,675 5,832 5,430 5,122 4,687 4,845 5,096 4,564 4,938 All severities 43,375 43,503 40,451 39,372 36,826 36,255 34,453 32,268 34,814 All built-up roads 4 Killed KSI 12,716 13,111 12,257 11,647 10,513 11,309 11,532 10,581 11,047 All severities 97,444 97,579 92,714 90,005 85,113 85,531 82,106 77,420 82,918 No-built-up roads 2 A roads Killed KSI 4,664 4,663 4,233 4,031 3,556 3,540 3,294 3,293 3,507 All severities 24,065 24,543 21,346 20,959 18,969 18,352 17,499 16,903 17,191 B roads Killed KSI 1,226 1,233 1,173 1, All severities 5,753 6,067 5,215 4,741 4,343 4,208 3,827 3,684 3,891 Other roads Killed KSI 1,548 1,606 1,417 1,335 1,179 1,078 1,134 1,075 1,161 All severities 8,535 8,760 7,613 7,045 6,170 5,918 5,747 5,305 5,781 All o built-up roads 4 Killed 1,153 1, KSI 7,438 7,502 6,823 6,431 5,674 5,596 5,241 5,227 5,536 All severities 38,353 39,370 34,174 32,745 29,482 28,478 27,073 25,892 26,863 All speed limits 5 Motorways Killed KSI All severities 7,115 7,414 6,590 5,961 5,895 5,489 5,260 4,901 5,280 A roads Killed 1,184 1,201 1, KSI 10,004 10,165 9,424 8,958 8,066 8,418 8,162 7,785 8,089 All severities 65,645 66,194 61,682 59,905 56,364 56,533 54,272 51,768 54,556 B roads Killed KSI 2,927 3,010 2,809 2,663 2,255 2,564 2,381 2,384 2,395 All severities 18,242 18,492 17,142 16,428 15,235 15,303 14,707 13,971 14,630 Other roads Killed KSI 7,223 7,438 6,847 6,457 5,866 5,923 6,230 5,639 6,099 All severities 51,910 52,263 48,064 46,417 42,996 42,173 40,200 37,573 40,595 Total 5 Killed 2,114 2,217 1,882 1,653 1,366 1,423 1,338 1,271 1,310 KSI 20,955 21,506 19,789 18,751 16,800 17,478 17,267 16,282 17,125 All severities 142, , , , , , , , ,061 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 5 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 3 Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 131

132 RAS30009 Reported casualties by geder, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Female average Built-up roads 2 A roads Killed KSI 3 2,333 2,455 2,297 2,127 1,995 2,101 1,964 1,829 1,854 All severities 30,346 30,072 29,384 28,193 27,041 26,459 25,336 23,619 25,074 B roads Killed KSI All severities 9,529 9,630 9,200 8,856 8,418 8,082 7,916 7,172 7,600 Other roads Killed KSI 2,576 2,602 2,551 2,313 2,220 2,182 2,178 2,091 2,257 All severities 31,353 31,418 29,530 28,683 26,719 25,454 24,534 22,384 23,966 All built-up roads 4 Killed KSI 5,653 5,797 5,615 5,142 4,938 4,936 4,854 4,579 4,788 All severities 71,228 71,120 68,114 65,732 62,178 59,995 57,786 53,175 56,640 No-built-up roads 2 A roads Killed KSI 1,962 1,908 1,780 1,746 1,553 1,507 1,525 1,448 1,575 All severities 16,943 17,070 15,300 15,068 14,059 13,228 12,670 12,173 12,492 B roads Killed KSI All severities 3,801 3,870 3,590 3,158 3,062 2,814 2,764 2,521 2,525 Other roads Killed KSI All severities 5,753 5,848 5,370 4,737 4,344 4,155 4,154 3,746 3,831 All o built-up roads 4 Killed KSI 3,088 3,053 2,838 2,701 2,466 2,335 2,423 2,221 2,397 All severities 26,497 26,788 24,260 22,963 21,465 20,197 19,588 18,440 18,848 All speed limits 5 Motorways Killed KSI All severities 5,301 5,384 4,876 4,695 4,474 4,253 3,903 3,831 3,925 A roads Killed KSI 4,295 4,363 4,077 3,873 3,548 3,608 3,489 3,277 3,429 All severities 47,289 47,142 44,684 43,261 41,100 39,687 38,006 35,792 37,566 B roads Killed KSI 1,245 1,232 1,268 1,126 1,110 1,035 1, ,022 All severities 13,330 13,500 12,790 12,014 11,480 10,896 10,680 9,693 10,125 Other roads Killed KSI 3,201 3,255 3,108 2,844 2,746 2,628 2,694 2,530 2,734 All severities 37,106 37,266 34,900 33,420 31,063 29,609 28,688 26,130 27,797 Total 5 Killed KSI 9,081 9,208 8,771 8,160 7,707 7,544 7,525 7,086 7,457 All severities 103, ,292 97,250 93,390 88,117 84,445 81,277 75,446 79,413 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 5 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 3 Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 132

133 RAS30009 Reported casualties by geder, built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties All Casualties average Built-up roads 2 A roads Killed KSI 3 7,675 7,958 7,490 7,055 6,506 6,979 6,833 6,321 6,436 All severities 71,950 71,751 69,764 67,146 64,449 64,641 62,113 58,486 62,439 B roads Killed KSI 2,446 2,519 2,403 2,300 2,040 2,239 2,280 2,184 2,204 All severities 22,029 22,066 21,144 20,547 19,314 19,178 18,796 17,460 18,339 Other roads Killed KSI 8,252 8,434 7,987 7,435 6,908 7,027 7,274 6,656 7,195 All severities 74,770 74,969 70,051 68,067 63,560 61,711 58,990 54,656 58,783 All built-up roads 4 Killed 1,147 1,160 1, KSI 18,373 18,911 17,880 16,790 15,454 16,245 16,387 15,161 15,835 All severities 168, , , , , , , , ,561 No-built-up roads 2 A roads Killed 1,037 1, KSI 6,627 6,572 6,016 5,777 5,109 5,048 4,819 4,742 5,082 All severities 41,028 41,621 36,676 36,047 33,033 31,582 30,169 29,080 29,683 B roads Killed KSI 1,727 1,725 1,675 1,489 1,326 1,360 1,195 1,193 1,213 All severities 9,557 9,942 8,809 7,899 7,407 7,022 6,591 6,205 6,416 Other roads Killed KSI 2,173 2,259 1,974 1,866 1,705 1,524 1,650 1,514 1,638 All severities 14,293 14,614 12,990 11,784 10,516 10,074 9,901 9,051 9,612 All o built-up roads 4 Killed 1,496 1,603 1,323 1, KSI 10,528 10,556 9,665 9,132 8,140 7,932 7,664 7,449 7,933 All severities 64,879 66,177 58,475 55,730 50,956 48,678 46,661 44,336 45,711 All speed limits 5 Motorways Killed KSI 1,140 1,253 1, All severities 12,423 12,817 11,471 10,656 10,369 9,742 9,163 8,732 9,205 A roads Killed 1,580 1,611 1,408 1,267 1,050 1, KSI 14,302 14,530 13,506 12,832 11,615 12,027 11,652 11,063 11,518 All severities 112, , , ,193 97,482 96,223 92,282 87,566 92,122 B roads Killed KSI 4,173 4,244 4,078 3,789 3,366 3,599 3,475 3,377 3,417 All severities 31,586 32,008 29,953 28,446 26,721 26,200 25,387 23,665 24,755 Other roads Killed KSI 10,425 10,693 9,961 9,301 8,613 8,551 8,924 8,170 8,833 All severities 89,063 89,583 83,041 79,851 74,076 71,785 68,891 63,707 68,395 Total 5 Killed 2,816 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 KSI 30,041 30,720 28,572 26,912 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24,582 All severities 246, , , , , , , , ,477 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 4 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 5 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 3 Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 133

134 RAS30010 Reported casualties by geder, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Male average Pedestrias Killed KSI 2 4,109 4,260 3,988 3,668 3,390 3,519 3,635 3,217 3,233 All severities 17,238 17,452 16,266 15,311 14,839 15,047 14,371 13,623 13,898 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI 2,079 2,090 2,106 2,239 2,247 2,621 2,759 2,676 2,893 All severities 13,266 13,036 13,118 13,811 13,935 15,511 15,452 15,778 17,178 Motorcycle Riders Killed KSI 5,652 5,998 5,399 5,236 4,660 5,076 4,799 4,678 5,060 All severities 19,851 20,468 18,774 18,154 16,400 17,858 17,111 16,641 18,133 Passegers Killed KSI All severities Car Drivers Killed KSI 5,781 5,737 5,395 4,893 4,158 4,022 3,789 3,679 3,853 All severities 60,139 60,809 55,506 52,663 48,925 45,580 43,316 40,343 42,367 Passegers Killed KSI 2,137 2,127 1,851 1,773 1,426 1,396 1,430 1,183 1,218 All severities 21,514 21,399 19,569 19,502 17,493 16,739 15,913 13,927 14,973 Bus or coach Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers 3 Killed KSI All severities 1,916 1,922 1,937 1,716 1,759 1,745 1,506 1,416 1,546 Va / Light goods veh Drivers Killed KSI All severities 3,844 3,790 3,518 3,433 3,209 3,276 3,236 3,177 3,494 Passegers Killed KSI All severities Heavy goods vehicle Drivers Killed KSI All severities 1,872 2,048 1,578 1,255 1,325 1,161 1,095 1,092 1,127 Passegers Killed KSI All severities All road users 4 Killed 2,114 2,217 1,882 1,653 1,366 1,423 1,338 1,271 1,310 KSI 20,955 21,506 19,789 18,751 16,800 17,478 17,267 16,282 17,125 All severities 142, , , , , , , , ,061 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 3 Icludes boardig ad alightig. 2 Killed or seriously ijured. 4 Icludes other road users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 134

135 RAS30010 Reported casualties by geder, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Female average Pedestrias Killed KSI 2 2,648 2,664 2,649 2,376 2,215 2,388 2,344 2,178 2,276 All severities 12,709 12,717 12,189 11,573 10,995 11,151 10,846 10,406 10,850 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI All severities 3,188 3,147 3,168 3,250 3,249 3,704 3,639 3,660 4,109 Motorcycle Riders Killed KSI All severities 1,786 1,808 1,744 1,618 1,512 1,525 1,507 1,412 1,502 Passegers Killed KSI All severities Car Drivers Killed KSI 2,742 2,740 2,571 2,477 2,348 2,184 2,240 2,012 2,201 All severities 48,020 48,268 45,394 43,638 40,856 38,756 37,524 34,713 36,315 Passegers Killed KSI 2,322 2,359 2,148 1,969 1,814 1,622 1,574 1,551 1,560 All severities 30,928 30,887 28,615 27,585 25,909 23,842 22,951 20,798 21,874 Bus or coach Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers 3 Killed KSI All severities 4,490 4,509 4,322 4,005 3,954 3,943 3,284 3,053 3,234 Va / Light goods veh Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities Heavy goods vehicle Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities All road users 4 Killed KSI 9,081 9,208 8,771 8,160 7,707 7,544 7,525 7,086 7,457 All severities 103, ,292 97,250 93,390 88,117 84,445 81,277 75,446 79,413 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 3 Icludes boardig ad alightig. 2 Killed or seriously ijured. 4 Icludes other road users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 135

136 RAS30010 Reported casualties by geder, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties All casualties average Pedestrias Killed KSI 2 6,758 6,924 6,642 6,045 5,605 5,907 5,979 5,396 5,509 All severities 29,965 30,191 28,482 26,887 25,845 26,198 25,218 24,033 24,748 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI 2,528 2,564 2,565 2,710 2,771 3,192 3,340 3,252 3,514 All severities 16,463 16,195 16,297 17,064 17,185 19,215 19,091 19,438 21,287 Motorcycle Riders Killed KSI 5,998 6,376 5,767 5,554 4,942 5,389 5,104 4,984 5,377 All severities 21,641 22,279 20,528 19,773 17,912 19,383 18,618 18,053 19,635 Passegers Killed KSI All severities 1,131 1,180 1, Car Drivers Killed KSI 8,524 8,479 7,967 7,370 6,506 6,207 6,029 5,692 6,054 All severities 108, , ,952 96,307 89,787 84,340 80,841 75,061 78,683 Passegers Killed KSI 4,460 4,488 4,001 3,742 3,243 3,018 3,004 2,734 2,778 All severities 52,481 52,333 48,236 47,105 43,418 40,584 38,867 34,726 36,847 Bus or coach Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers 3 Killed KSI All severities 6,416 6,441 6,275 5,735 5,718 5,688 4,790 4,469 4,780 Va / Light goods veh Drivers Killed KSI All severities 4,105 4,054 3,761 3,652 3,440 3,476 3,440 3,375 3,754 Passegers Killed KSI All severities 1,287 1,286 1,152 1,091 1,054 1,023 1,093 1,051 1,161 Heavy goods vehicle Drivers Killed KSI All severities 1,919 2,098 1,633 1,291 1,356 1,191 1,128 1,118 1,154 Passegers Killed KSI All severities All road users 4 Killed 2,816 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 KSI 30,041 30,720 28,572 26,912 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24,582 All severities 246, , , , , , , , ,477 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 3 Icludes boardig ad alightig. 2 Killed or seriously ijured. 4 Icludes other road users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 136

137 RAS30011 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by geder, road user type ad age, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Male average Pedestrias 0 to to to to to to to 59 1,425 1,481 1,396 1,275 1,216 1,282 1,363 1,272 1, to to to to ad over All age groups 3 4,109 4,260 3,988 3,668 3,390 3,519 3,635 3,217 3,233 Pedal cyclists 0 to to to to to to to 59 1,146 1,156 1,216 1,298 1,367 1,634 1,723 1,737 1, ad over All age groups 3 2,079 2,090 2,106 2,239 2,247 2,621 2,759 2,676 2,893 Motorcycle riders Uder cc ad uder to to ad over All age groups Motorcycle riders Uder over 50cc to to 59 3,468 3,609 3,333 3,267 2,896 3,101 2,781 2,702 3, ad over All age groups 3 5,034 5,301 4,861 4,720 4,237 4,630 4,358 4,317 4,707 Car drivers Uder to 24 1,017 1, to to 39 1, to 59 1,364 1,385 1,280 1,164 1,028 1, , to to ad over All age groups 3 5,781 5,737 5,395 4,893 4,158 4,022 3,789 3,679 3,853 Car passegers Uder to to to to to to ad over All age groups 3 2,137 2,127 1,851 1,773 1,426 1,396 1,430 1,183 1,218 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 4 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 137

138 RAS30011 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by geder, road user type ad age, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties Female average Pedestrias 0 to to to to to to to to to to to ad over All age groups 3 2,648 2,664 2,649 2,376 2,215 2,388 2,344 2,178 2,276 Pedal cyclists 0 to to to to to to to ad over All age groups Motorcycle riders Uder cc ad uder to to ad over All age groups Motorcycle riders Uder over 50cc to to ad over All age groups Car drivers Uder to to to to to to ad over All age groups 3 2,742 2,740 2,571 2,477 2,348 2,184 2,240 2,012 2,201 Car passegers Uder to to to to to to ad over All age groups 3 2,322 2,359 2,148 1,969 1,814 1,622 1,574 1,551 1,560 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 4 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 138

139 RAS30011 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by geder, road user type ad age, Great Britai, average, Number of casualties All casualties average Pedestrias 0 to to to to to to to 59 2,156 2,236 2,142 1,926 1,815 1,945 2,099 1,950 1, to to to to ad over All age groups 3 6,758 6,924 6,642 6,045 5,605 5,907 5,979 5,396 5,509 Pedal cyclists 0 to to to to to to to 59 1,403 1,432 1,492 1,593 1,688 1,998 2,133 2,139 2, ad over All age groups 3 2,528 2,564 2,565 2,710 2,771 3,192 3,340 3,252 3,514 Motorcycle riders Uder cc ad uder to to ad over All age groups Motorcycle riders Uder over 50cc to to 59 3,666 3,835 3,547 3,459 3,063 3,283 2,951 2,876 3, ad over All age groups 3 5,297 5,584 5,141 4,978 4,461 4,878 4,588 4,568 4,974 Car drivers Uder to 24 1,412 1,426 1,315 1, , to to 39 1,493 1,463 1,323 1,251 1, to 59 2,162 2,178 2,001 1,912 1,717 1,735 1,638 1,561 1, to to ad over All age groups 3 8,524 8,479 7,967 7,370 6,506 6,207 6,029 5,692 6,054 Car passegers Uder to to to to to to ad over All age groups 3 4,460 4,488 4,001 3,742 3,243 3,018 3,004 2,734 2,778 1 Figures have bee rouded to the earest whole umber. 2 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 4 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 139

140 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30012 Reported casualties by time of accidet ad severity, Great Britai, Number of casualties Midight to Killed KSI 1 1,746 1,569 1,591 1,438 1,350 1, All severities 8,812 8,189 8,103 7,564 6,798 6,529 5,750 5,287 5,074 4,526 4, to Killed KSI 1,158 1,017 1, All severities 5,500 5,023 5,005 4,513 4,193 3,850 3,435 3,425 3,236 2,808 2, to Killed KSI All severities 3,432 3,212 3,452 3,460 3,192 2,961 2,866 2,684 2,704 2,602 2, to Killed KSI 1,900 1,731 1,774 1,774 1,680 1,543 1,449 1,590 1,509 1,449 1,595 All severities 14,242 13,565 13,351 13,439 12,993 11,596 11,310 11,318 11,085 10,780 11, to Killed KSI 2,976 2,682 2,642 2,681 2,578 2,548 2,334 2,385 2,378 2,258 2,411 All severities 31,512 30,150 29,452 28,665 27,453 25,493 24,798 24,087 23,206 22,013 23, to Killed KSI 2,748 2,613 2,550 2,563 2,356 2,293 2,248 2,319 2,382 2,086 2,358 All severities 27,102 25,769 24,477 23,306 22,086 21,341 20,346 20,175 19,471 18,239 19, to Killed KSI 3,385 3,252 3,263 3,175 2,905 2,930 2,737 2,773 2,701 2,684 2,732 All severities 33,817 32,915 31,116 29,757 27,179 27,397 26,033 24,939 23,733 22,292 23, to Killed KSI 4,224 4,032 4,006 3,890 3,676 3,550 3,356 3,388 3,414 3,109 3,246 All severities 38,165 36,873 34,937 33,736 32,029 31,169 29,730 28,518 27,905 25,187 26, to Killed KSI 5,406 5,118 5,039 4,760 4,540 4,240 3,968 4,105 3,986 3,925 4,044 All severities 46,931 45,726 42,543 41,400 37,947 37,070 34,985 35,296 33,640 31,897 33, to Killed KSI 4,234 3,910 3,855 3,977 3,550 3,263 2,906 3,016 3,032 2,796 3,040 All severities 34,067 32,829 31,068 30,281 27,946 26,869 24,681 24,529 23,359 22,449 23, to Killed KSI 3,129 3,007 2,914 2,717 2,480 2,179 1,904 1,844 1,928 1,800 1,815 All severities 21,366 20,849 19,823 18,421 17,000 16,122 14,456 13,958 13,195 12,611 12, to midight Killed KSI 2,689 2,587 2,413 2,203 1,967 1,765 1,447 1,457 1,365 1,369 1,331 All severities 15,879 15,887 15,054 13,214 12,071 11,728 10,249 9,721 9,110 8,256 8,550 Total 2 Killed 3,221 3,201 3,172 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 KSI 34,351 32,155 31,845 30,720 28,572 26,912 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24,582 All severities 280, , , , , , , , , , ,477 1 Killed or seriously ijured. 2 Icludes cases where time was ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 140

141 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30013 Reported casualty rates by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, Driver/Rider casualty rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage Pedal cyclists Killed KSI ,035 1,070 1,036 1,080 All severities 6,440 6,125 5,744 6,297 5,695 5,713 5,692 6,231 6,114 6,187 6,535 Motorcycle riders Killed KSI 1,977 1,849 1,937 1,876 1,845 1,748 1,730 1,868 1,805 1,853 1,940 All severities 7,649 7,069 6,974 6,557 6,567 6,224 6,270 6,720 6,584 6,712 7,085 Car drivers Killed KSI All severities Bus or coach drivers Killed KSI All severities Va / Light goods drivers Killed KSI All severities Heavy goods vehicle drivers Killed KSI All severities All drivers ad riders 2 Killed KSI All severities Percetage of all road user casualties accouted for by drivers ad riders Killed KSI All severities Killed or seriously ijured. 2 Icludes driver ad riders of other vehicles. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 141

142 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30013 Reported casualty rates by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, Driver/Rider casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage Pedal cyclists Killed KSI All severities 4,002 3,806 3,569 3,913 3,539 3,550 3,537 3,872 3,799 3,845 4,061 Motorcycle riders Killed KSI 1,229 1,149 1,204 1,166 1,146 1,086 1,075 1,161 1,121 1,151 1,206 All severities 4,753 4,392 4,334 4,074 4,081 3,867 3,896 4,175 4,091 4,171 4,403 Car drivers Killed KSI All severities Bus or coach drivers Killed KSI All severities Va / Light goods drivers Killed KSI All severities Heavy goods vehicle drivers Killed KSI All severities All drivers ad riders 2 Killed KSI All severities Percetage of all road user casualties accouted for by drivers ad riders Killed KSI All severities Killed or seriously ijured. 2 Icludes driver ad riders of other vehicles. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 142

143 RAS30014 Reported casualties by daylight ad darkess, road surface coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Daylight Darkess Wet or Sow Wet or Sow All 2 Dry flood or ice All 1 Dry flood or ice All 1 casualties Motorways Killed Serious Slight 4,454 1, ,993 1,207 1, ,398 8,391 All severities 4,822 1, ,492 1,394 1, ,713 9,205 Built-up roads 3 Killed Serious 8,387 2, ,455 2,552 1, ,597 15,052 Slight 71,683 19, ,692 17,457 14, , ,726 All severities 80,404 21, ,580 20,206 16, , ,561 No built-up roads 3 Killed Serious 3,590 1, , , ,982 7,037 Slight 18,584 8, ,222 4,026 5, ,556 37,778 All severities 22,593 10, ,851 5,043 6, ,860 45,711 All speed limits 4 Killed , ,775 Serious 12,311 3, ,964 3,556 3, ,843 22,807 Slight 94,721 29,704 1, ,907 22,690 20, , ,895 All severities 107,819 33,456 1, ,923 26,643 23,748 1,075 51, ,477 1 Icludes cases where road surface coditio was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where lightig coditio was ot reported. 3 Excludes motorways. 4 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 143

144 RAS30015 Reported casualties by daylight ad darkess, weather coditio, built-up ad o built-up roads ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Daylight Darkess All 1 Fie Raiig Sowig Fog Fie Raiig Sowig Fog casualties Motorways Killed Serious Slight 5, , ,391 All severities 5, , ,205 Built-up roads 2 Killed Serious 9, , ,052 Slight 79,729 9, ,871 7, ,726 All severities 89,472 9, ,600 8, ,561 No built-up roads 2 Killed Serious 4, , ,037 Slight 23,322 3, ,584 2, ,778 All severities 28,209 4, ,300 2, ,711 All speed limits 3 Killed ,775 Serious 14,110 1, ,103 1, ,807 Slight 108,078 13, ,103 10, ,895 All severities 123,132 15, ,785 11, ,477 1 Icludes cases where lightig coditio ad/or weather coditio was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 144

145 RAS30016 Reported casualties by built-up ad o built-up roads ad motorways, severity ad road user type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Motorways Built-up roads 1 No built-up roads 1 All speed limits 2 Killed KSI 3 All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All Pedestria Childre ,345 6, ,379 6,481 Adults ,727 17, ,074 17,743 All ages ,128 23, ,509 24,748 Pedal cyclist Childre , ,005 Adults ,628 17, , ,197 18,881 All ages ,927 19, , ,514 21,287 Horse rider Childre Adults All ages Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Riders ad passegers , ,330 Motorcycle over 50cc 5 Riders ,029 13, ,850 3, ,974 17,343 Passegers All casualties ,165 13, ,955 4, ,217 18,036 Car ad taxi Drivers , ,519 48, ,161 24, ,040 78,535 Passegers , ,179 22, ,381 10, ,760 36,536 All casualties , ,698 71, ,542 35, , ,071 Miibuses Drivers Passegers All casualties Bus or coach Drivers Passegers , ,780 All casualties , ,198 of whom were passegers boardig or alightig Childre Adults All ages Va / Light goods vehicle Drivers , , ,754 Passegers ,161 All casualties , , ,915 Heavy goods vehicle Drivers ,154 Passegers All casualties ,353 Other vehicle Drivers / Riders Passegers All casualties All road users 6 Childre ,806 13, , ,082 16,727 Adults , , , ,660 42,949 1,722 22, ,676 All ages , , , ,933 45,711 1,775 24, ,477 1 Excludes motorways. 4 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 5 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported 3 Killed or seriously ijured. 6 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 145

146 RAS30017 Casualties i reported accidets ivolvig vehicles of differet types by built-up ad o built-up roads, road class ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Va / Light Heavy Pedal Bus or goods goods Other Ay cycle Motorcycle 1 Car coach vehicle vehicle vehicle vehicle 2 Built-up roads 3 A roads Killed KSI 4 1,313 1,726 5, ,436 All severities 9,076 9,216 54,775 3,929 5,807 2, ,439 B roads Killed KSI , ,204 All severities 2,593 2,288 16, , ,339 Other roads Killed KSI 1,366 1,496 5, ,195 All severities 8,855 6,422 52,542 2,602 4,744 1, ,783 All built-up roads 5 Killed KSI 3,086 3,787 12, , ,835 All severities 20,524 17, ,847 7,408 12,020 3,519 1, ,561 No built-up roads 3 A roads Killed KSI 297 1,350 4, ,082 All severities 911 3,213 27, ,547 2, ,683 B roads Killed KSI ,213 All severities , ,416 Other roads Killed KSI , ,638 All severities , ,612 All o built-up roads 5 Killed KSI 608 2,079 6, ,933 All severities 1,855 4,906 41, ,000 3,390 1,175 45,711 All speed limits 6 Motorways Killed KSI All severities , ,485 1, ,205 A roads Killed KSI 1,610 3,076 9, , ,518 All severities 9,987 12,429 81,962 4,522 9,354 4,832 1,448 92,122 B roads Killed KSI , ,417 All severities 2,875 3,052 22,275 1,017 2, ,755 Other roads Killed KSI 1,579 1,870 7, ,833 All severities 9,517 7,351 61,160 2,751 5,620 1,356 1,205 68,395 Total 5,6 Killed , ,775 KSI 3,695 5,972 20, ,064 1, ,582 All severities 22,381 23, ,012 8,427 18,505 8,906 3, ,477 Note: Ivolves multiple-coutig if more tha oe vehicle type preset. Pedestria casualties are icluded with all casualties i accidets ivolvig each specific type of vehicle. 1 Icludes electric motorcycles, combiatios ad scooters. 4 Killed or seriously ijured. 2 Icludes other o motor vehicles ad cases where vehicle type was ot reported. 5 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 3 Excludes motorways. 6 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 146

147 RAS30018 Reported casualty ad accidet rates by urba ad rural roads, road class, road user type, severity ad pedestria ivolvemet, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Urba roads 1 Rural roads 1 All roads A All A All A road Other 2 urba 3 road Other 2 rural 3 Motorway road Other 2 Total 3 Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig 8,033 9,640 17,673 1,607 2,342 3, ,640 11,982 21,624 User casualties 7,846 9,446 17,292 1,617 2,376 3, ,463 11,822 21,287 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,054 1,355 2, ,456 1,944 3,401 Pedestrias hit by a cycle of whom killed seriously ijured Motorcycle Accidets ivolvig 7,510 6,747 14,257 3,666 2,747 6, ,176 9,494 20,908 User casualties 7,093 6,438 13,531 3,801 2,797 6, ,894 9,235 20,366 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,275 1,476 2,751 1,395 1,051 2, ,670 2,527 5,289 Pedestrias hit by a motorcycle of whom killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig 36,741 46,364 83,105 22,197 17,844 40,041 5,210 58,938 64, ,356 User casualties 28,694 31,224 59,918 28,128 19,533 47,661 7,951 56,822 50, ,530 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,212 1,406 2,618 2,893 2,017 4, ,105 3,423 8,035 Pedestrias hit by a car 5,593 12,156 17, ,566 2, ,332 13,722 20,094 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,141 2,351 3, ,368 2,715 4,093 Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig 2,859 2,392 5, ,247 2,743 6,038 User casualties 2,325 1,855 4, ,838 2,285 5,198 of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a bus or coach , ,064 of whom killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig 3,797 4,064 7,861 2,751 1,882 4, ,548 5,946 13,315 User casualties 1, ,053 1, , ,541 1,813 4,915 of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a LGV , ,487 of whom killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig 1, ,226 2, ,851 1,312 3,493 1,584 6,389 User casualties ,353 of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a HGV of whom killed seriously ijured All vehicles 4 Accidets ivolvig 42,916 52,376 95,292 24,912 20,488 45,400 5,630 67,828 72, ,322 User casualties 47,414 50,381 97,795 36,323 26,471 62,794 9,140 83,737 76, ,729 of whom killed ,329 seriously ijured 3,738 4,464 8,202 4,994 3,846 8, ,732 8,310 17,744 All pedestria casualties 7,424 14,400 21, ,898 2, ,385 16,298 24,748 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,493 2,803 4, ,792 3,255 5,063 1 See urba ad rural defiitios. 2 B, C ad uclassified roads; excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 4 Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle or road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 147

148 RAS30018 Reported casualty ad accidet rates by urba ad rural roads, road class, road user type, severity ad pedestria ivolvemet, Great Britai, 2014 Rate per billio vehicle miles Urba roads 1 Rural roads 1 All roads A All A All A road Other 2 urba 3 road Other 2 rural 3 Motorway road Other 2 Total 3 Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig 18,383 5,422 7,979 15,929 2,516 3, ,923 4,423 6,660 User casualties 17,955 5,312 7,807 16,028 2,552 3, ,594 4,364 6,556 of whom killed seriously ijured 2, ,088 3, , ,047 Pedestrias hit by a cycle of whom killed seriously ijured Motorcycle Accidets ivolvig 14,369 8,415 10,765 5,187 5,356 5,258 1,048 9,090 7,222 7,545 User casualties 13,571 8,030 10,217 5,378 5,453 5,409 1,044 8,861 7,025 7,349 of whom killed seriously ijured 2,440 1,841 2,077 1,974 2,049 2, ,172 1,922 1,909 Pedestrias hit by a motorcycle of whom killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a car of whom killed seriously ijured Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig 3,905 2,473 3, , ,488 2,191 2,156 User casualties 3,176 1,918 2, ,509 1, ,174 1,825 1,856 of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a bus or coach of whom killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a LGV of whom killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig 860 1, , User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a HGV of whom killed seriously ijured All vehicles 4 Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured All pedestria casualties of whom killed seriously ijured See urba ad rural defiitios. 2 B, C ad uclassified roads; excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 4 Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle or road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 148

149 RAS30018 Reported casualty ad accidet rates by urba ad rural roads, road class, road user type, severity ad pedestria ivolvemet, Great Britai, 2014 Rate per billio vehicle kilometres Urba roads 1 Rural roads 1 All roads A All A All A road Other 2 urba 3 road Other 2 rural 3 Motorway road Other 2 Total 3 Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig 11,423 3,369 4,958 9,898 1,563 2, ,137 2,748 4,138 User casualties 11,157 3,301 4,851 9,960 1,586 2, ,932 2,712 4,074 of whom killed seriously ijured 1, , , Pedestrias hit by a cycle of whom killed seriously ijured Motorcycle Accidets ivolvig 8,929 5,229 6,689 3,223 3,328 3, ,648 4,487 4,688 User casualties 8,433 4,990 6,348 3,342 3,388 3, ,506 4,365 4,567 of whom killed seriously ijured 1,516 1,144 1,291 1,226 1,273 1, ,349 1,194 1,186 Pedestrias hit by a motorcycle of whom killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a car of whom killed seriously ijured Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig 2,427 1,537 1, ,546 1,361 1,340 User casualties 1,973 1,192 1, ,351 1,134 1,153 of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a bus or coach of whom killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a LGV of whom killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by a HGV of whom killed seriously ijured All vehicles 4 Accidets ivolvig User casualties of whom killed seriously ijured All pedestria casualties of whom killed seriously ijured See urba ad rural defiitios. 2 B, C ad uclassified roads; excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where road class was ot reported. 4 Icludes other vehicles ad cases where vehicle or road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 149

150 RAS30019 Reported casualties by accidet ad casualty severity ad road user type, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Casualties Casualties Casualties i Casualties i i slight i all fatal accidets serious accidets accidets accidets Killed Serious Slight Total Serious Slight Total Slight Total Pedestrias , ,280 18,986 24,748 Pedal cyclists , ,512 17,659 21,287 Motorcycle 50cc ad uder 1 riders ad passegers ,904 2,330 Motorcycle 51cc - 125cc 1 Riders , ,773 6,418 8,252 Passegers Motorcycle 126cc - 500cc 1 Riders ,542 2,125 Passegers Motorcycle over 500cc 1 Riders , ,435 4,105 6,806 Passegers Other motorcycles 2 Riders Passegers Taxi/Private hire car Drivers ,305 1,418 Passegers ,425 1,567 Car Drivers ,015 5,226 2,774 8,000 68,102 77,117 Passegers ,242 2,289 4,531 29,811 34,969 Miibus Drivers Passegers Bus or coach Drivers Passegers ,030 4,780 Va / Light goods vehicle Drivers ,256 3,754 Passegers ,161 Heavy goods vehicle Rigid Drivers Passegers Articulated Drivers Passegers Total 3 Drivers ,154 Passegers Other vehicle Drivers Passegers All casualties 4 1, ,898 22,299 6,725 29, , ,477 1 Icludes data o scooters ad motorcycle combiatios. 3 Icludes cases where HGV type was ot reported. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 4 Icludes cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 150

151 RAS30020 Reported casualties ad casualty rates by moth, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties/rate per billio vehicle miles Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Pedestrias Killed KSI ,509 All severities 2,431 2,024 2,168 1,739 1,901 1,958 1,908 1,634 1,878 2,219 2,468 2,420 24,748 of whom childre Killed KSI ,379 All severities ,481 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI ,514 All severities 1,533 1,295 1,658 1,542 1,832 2,191 2,410 1,829 2,101 1,993 1,679 1,224 21,287 of whom childre Killed KSI All severities ,005 Horse riders Killed KSI All severities Motorcycle 2 users Killed KSI ,628 All severities 1,245 1,163 1,568 1,641 1,880 1,996 2,057 1,821 1,999 2,010 1,671 1,315 20,366 Rate (all m'cycle users) 9,204 7,741 6,866 6,293 6,281 6,342 6,580 6,440 7,265 10,169 10,102 8,831 7,349 Car users Killed KSI ,661 All severities 9,395 8,513 9,056 8,770 9,499 9,119 9,636 9,896 8,126 10,027 10,274 9, ,086 Other car 3 users Killed KSI All severities ,444 All car users 9,647 8,802 9,389 9,023 9,743 9,406 9,915 10,217 8,412 10,343 10,580 10, ,530 Rate (all car users) Bus or coach users Killed KSI All severities ,198 Rate (all bus users) 1,634 1,726 1,890 1,607 2,130 2,390 1,674 2,055 1,965 1,909 1,676 1,574 1,856 Va / Light goods veh users Killed KSI All severities ,915 Heavy goods vehicle users Killed KSI All severities ,353 All goods vehicle users ,326 Rate (all goods veh users) Agricultural vehicle users Killed KSI All severities All road users Killed ,775 KSI 1,901 1,673 1,970 1,938 2,033 2,262 2,277 2,101 2,114 2,212 2,111 1,990 24,582 All severities 15,826 14,267 15,800 14,844 16,464 16,715 17,412 16,610 15,442 17,717 17,408 15, ,477 of whom childre Killed KSI ,082 All severities 1,203 1,170 1,440 1,370 1,459 1,685 1,630 1,506 1,348 1,457 1,355 1,104 16,727 Rate (all ages) Killed or seriously ijured. 3 Icludes taxis ad miibuses. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles, combiatios, scooters ad mopeds. 4 Icludes ukow goods vehicle weight Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 151

152 RAS30020 Reported casualties ad casualty rates by moth, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties/rate per billio vehicle kilometres Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Pedestrias Killed KSI ,509 All severities 2,431 2,024 2,168 1,739 1,901 1,958 1,908 1,634 1,878 2,219 2,468 2,420 24,748 of whom childre Killed KSI ,379 All severities ,481 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI ,514 All severities 1,533 1,295 1,658 1,542 1,832 2,191 2,410 1,829 2,101 1,993 1,679 1,224 21,287 of whom childre Killed KSI All severities ,005 Horse riders Killed KSI All severities Motorcycle 2 users Killed KSI ,628 All severities 1,245 1,163 1,568 1,641 1,880 1,996 2,057 1,821 1,999 2,010 1,671 1,315 20,366 Rate (all m'cycle users) 5,719 4,810 4,267 3,910 3,903 3,941 4,088 4,002 4,514 6,319 6,277 5,487 4,567 Car users Killed KSI ,661 All severities 9,395 8,513 9,056 8,770 9,499 9,119 9,636 9,896 8,126 10,027 10,274 9, ,086 Other car 3 users Killed KSI All severities ,444 All car users 9,647 8,802 9,389 9,023 9,743 9,406 9,915 10,217 8,412 10,343 10,580 10, ,530 Rate (all car users) Bus or coach users Killed KSI All severities ,198 Rate (all bus users) 1,015 1,072 1, ,323 1,485 1,040 1,277 1,221 1,186 1, ,153 Va / Light goods veh users Killed KSI All severities ,915 Heavy goods vehicle users Killed KSI All severities ,353 All goods vehicle users ,326 Rate (all goods veh users) Agricultural vehicle users Killed KSI All severities All road users Killed ,775 KSI 1,901 1,673 1,970 1,938 2,033 2,262 2,277 2,101 2,114 2,212 2,111 1,990 24,582 All severities 15,826 14,267 15,800 14,844 16,464 16,715 17,412 16,610 15,442 17,717 17,408 15, ,477 of whom childre Killed KSI ,082 All severities 1,203 1,170 1,440 1,370 1,459 1,685 1,630 1,506 1,348 1,457 1,355 1,104 16,727 Rate (all ages) Killed or seriously ijured. 3 Icludes taxis ad miibuses. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles, combiatios, scooters ad mopeds. 4 Icludes ukow goods vehicle weight Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 152

153 RAS30021 Reported casualties by day, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties (a) Moday to Thursday (b) Friday Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight ,080 Midight : : : : : : : : : : : ,272 2,374 06: : , ,068 6,041 07: ,373 08:00 1,488 1,618 1,101 5,344 10,376 08: ,061 2,111 09: ,518 6,158 09: ,392 10: ,902 5,005 10: ,291 11: ,376 5,670 11: ,549 12: ,632 6,283 12: ,125 1,840 13: ,706 6,219 13: ,047 1,823 14: ,729 6,314 14: ,254 2,080 15:00 1, ,776 8,927 15: ,538 2,740 16:00 1,454 1,152 1,085 5,336 9,646 16: ,702 2,830 17:00 1,465 1,565 1,381 6,257 11,200 17: ,716 2,913 18:00 1,174 1, ,629 8,537 18: ,369 2,365 19: ,295 5,817 19: ,063 1,722 20: ,404 4,080 20: ,237 21: ,997 3,115 21: : ,670 2,512 22: : ,102 1,660 23: All hours 2 15,017 13,890 11,903 64, ,794 All hours 2 4,413 3,165 3,223 18,716 31,613 (c) Saturday (d) Suday Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight Midight : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ,142 09: : ,502 10: ,179 11: ,313 1,966 11: ,505 12: ,316 2,052 12: ,151 1,775 13: ,300 2,056 13: ,088 1,674 14: ,201 1,951 14: ,027 1,651 15: ,071 1,727 15: ,027 1,582 16: ,186 1,850 16: ,105 1,712 17: ,115 1,799 17: ,485 18: ,000 1,591 18: ,347 19: ,302 19: ,175 20: ,030 20: : : : : : : All hours 2 3,073 2,213 2,639 17,263 26,526 All hours 2 2,245 2,019 2,601 14,892 22,544 1 Icludes bus, coach, goods ad other vehicle users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where time was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 153

154 RAS30022 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by day, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties (a) Moday to Thursday (b) Friday Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight Midight : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ,032 15: : ,144 16: : ,290 17: : ,036 18: : : : : : : : : : : All hours 2 3,200 2,112 3,025 4,672 13,708 All hours ,347 3,839 (c) Saturday (d) Suday Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight Midight : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : All hours ,441 3,596 All hours ,372 3,439 1 Icludes bus, coach, goods ad other vehicle users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where time was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 154

155 RAS30023 Reported casualties all days, by severity, road user type ad hour of day, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties (a) Killed (b) Serious Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight Midight : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ,309 09: : : : ,029 11: : ,132 12: : ,297 13: : ,274 14: : ,326 15: : ,718 16: : ,851 17: : ,948 18: : ,574 19: : ,260 20: : : : : : : : All hours ,775 All hours 2 5,063 3,401 5,289 8,035 22,807 (c) Slight (d) All severities Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road Hour Pedes- Pedal M'cycle Car All road begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 begiig trias cyclists users users users 1 Midight ,785 2,351 Midight ,056 2,864 01: ,242 1,650 01: ,447 2,016 02: ,187 02: ,072 1,503 03: ,026 03: ,280 04: : ,099 05: ,336 05: ,049 1,677 06: ,806 2,972 06: ,040 3,513 07: , ,087 7,217 07: ,539 1,137 4,387 8,271 08:00 1,592 1,849 1,127 6,833 12,352 08:00 1,916 2,130 1,425 7,236 13,724 09: , ,212 8,428 09:00 1,047 1, ,571 9,467 10: ,897 7,857 10:00 1,062 1, ,265 8,977 11: ,112 9,452 11:00 1, ,530 10,690 12:00 1, ,772 10,585 12:00 1,432 1,097 1,146 7,224 11,950 13:00 1, ,649 10,405 13:00 1,439 1,078 1,188 7,141 11,772 14:00 1, ,719 10,589 14:00 1,435 1,114 1,266 7,211 11,996 15:00 2,146 1,149 1,046 7,803 13,137 15:00 2,653 1,376 1,471 8,412 14,976 16:00 1,765 1,413 1,293 8,721 14,059 16:00 2,228 1,702 1,836 9,329 16,038 17:00 1,718 1,865 1,587 9,417 15,332 17:00 2,239 2,189 2,127 10,041 17,397 18:00 1,459 1,543 1,221 7,390 12,166 18:00 1,878 1,840 1,606 7,913 13,840 19:00 1, ,522 8,650 19:00 1,376 1,168 1,133 5,970 10,016 20: ,081 6,265 20: ,441 7,244 21: ,300 4,781 21: ,651 5,617 22: ,963 4,115 22: ,339 4,872 23: ,221 3,104 23: ,505 3,678 All hours 2 19,239 17,773 14, , ,895 All hours 2 24,748 21,287 20, , ,477 1 Icludes bus, coach, goods ad other vehicle users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where time was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 155

156 RAS30024 Reported casualties by age bad, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties ad All 2 over ages Pedestrias Killed KSI ,509 All severities 858 1,022 2,069 2,532 1,870 4,120 2,944 2,528 2,154 1,618 1,336 1,173 24,748 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI ,514 All severities ,207 1,421 4,805 4,611 4,224 2, ,287 Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Killed KSI All severities , ,330 Motorcycle over 50cc 4 Riders Killed KSI , ,974 All severities ,269 5,600 3,206 2,964 2, ,343 Passegers Killed KSI All severities Car Drivers Killed KSI , ,054 All severities ,892 21,238 15,888 14,543 10,400 5,759 3,351 1,980 78,683 Passegers Killed KSI ,778 All severities 1,618 1,553 2,040 2,013 5,047 8,854 4,280 3,321 2,769 2,120 1, ,847 Bus ad coach Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities ,780 Goods vehicle Drivers Killed KSI All severities ,061 1,116 1, ,949 Passegers Killed KSI All severities ,377 All road users 5 Killed ,775 KSI ,235 5,336 3,533 3,603 3,015 1,952 1,401 1,208 24,582 All severities 2,753 2,907 4,891 6,176 17,234 47,527 33,288 30,031 22,052 12,363 7,368 4, ,477 1 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 3 Killed or seriously ijured. 4 Icludes electric motorcycles, combiatios ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 5 Icludes other road users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 156

157 RAS30025 Reported casualty rates by age bad, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Rate per millio populatio ad All 2 over ages Pedestrias Killed KSI All severities Pedal cyclists Killed KSI All severities Motorcycle users 50cc ad uder Killed KSI All severities Motorcycles over 50cc 4 Riders Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities Car Drivers Killed KSI All severities ,626 2,511 1,959 1,652 1, ,254 Passegers Killed KSI All severities ,677 1, Bus ad coach Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities Goods vehicle Drivers Killed KSI All severities Passegers Killed KSI All severities All road users 5 Killed KSI All severities 706 1,266 1,742 2,234 5,728 5,619 4,104 3,411 2,734 1,794 1,585 1,605 3,099 Populatio (thousads) 3,901 2,296 2,808 2,765 3,009 8,458 8,111 8,805 8,065 6,891 4,649 2,998 62,756 1 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 3 Killed or seriously ijured. 4 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 5 Icludes other road users ad cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, ONS mid-year populatio estimates [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 157

158 RAS30026 Reported pedestria casualties locatio by age bad ad by severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties/percetage I O O refuge, Masked by statioary vehicle Not masked by vehicle carriage- footway cetral way ot or islad or O Withi O Withi Locatio crossig verge reservatio pedestria 50 metres pedestria 50 metres ot All crossig of crossig Elsewhere crossig of crossig Elsewhere reported locatios , , , , , , , , , , , , All ages 2 2,533 2, ,472 3,174 1,959 9,720 1,443 24,748 Percetage All ages 2 Killed Seriously ijured , ,063 Slightly ijured 2,017 2, ,860 2,475 1,508 7,457 1,153 19,239 Total 2,533 2, ,472 3,174 1,959 9,720 1,443 24,748 1 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 158

159 RAS30027 Reported pedestria casualties by locatio, age, road crossig type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties O pedestria crossig, Withi 50 metres of a refuge or cetral islad pedestria crossig All 2 All 2 Child 1 Adult ages Child 1 Adult ages Zebra crossig Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All severities Pelica crossig 3 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All severities , Light cotrolled juctio (with ped' phase) Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All severities , Crossig with huma cotrol 4 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All severities All crossigs 5,6 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 670 2,022 2, ,449 1,884 All severities 859 2,633 3, ,887 2,439 1 Childre - aged betwee 0-15 years. 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 3 Icludes puffi, touca or similar o-juctio pedestria light crossig. 4 Icludes school crossig patrols ad other authorised persos. 5 Icludes footbridges, subways ad ucotrolled cetral refuges. 6 Excludes cases where road crossig type was udefied. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 159

160 RAS30028 Reported casualties by age, road user type ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Age of Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Motorcycle users Car users All road users 1 casualty Killed KSI 2 All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All , , , , , , , , , , ,379 6, , , ,082 16, , , , , ,544 7, , , , ,970 23, , , , , , , , , ,235 17, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,249 16, ,963 25, , , , , ,373 21, , , , , ,992 18, , , , , ,541 14, , , , , ,727 15, , , , , ,876 14, , , , , ,745 12, , ,270 9, , ,032 6, , , , , , , , , , ,064 All ages ,509 24, ,514 21, ,628 20, , ,530 1,775 24, ,477 1 Icludes other road users, ad cases where road user type was ot reported. 2 Killed or seriously ijured. 3 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 4 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 160

161 RAS30029 Reported casualties i cars 1, by severity, age, seatig positio, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Age of casualty ad over All ages 3 Killed KSI 4 All Killed KSI All Killed KSI All Built-up roads 5 Frot seat occupat , ,194 61, ,267 63,469 Rear seat occupat , , ,587 All occupats , ,537 66, ,711 72,156 No built-up roads 5 Frot seat occupat ,011 30, ,062 31,511 Rear seat occupat , , ,816 All occupats , ,364 33, ,556 35,423 Motorways Frot seat occupat , ,865 Rear seat occupat ,054 All speed limits 7 All occupats , ,951 Frot seat occupat , ,682 98, , ,845 Rear seat occupat , , ,009 13,457 All occupats , , , , ,530 1 Icludes taxis ad miibuses. 2 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 4 Killed or seriously ijured. 5 Motorways excluded. 6 Icludes cases where seatig positio was ot reported. 7 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 161

162 RAS30030 Reported child casualties i accidets occurrig betwee 7:30 ad 8:59am or betwee 3:00 ad 4:59pm o a school day, by road user type, severity, geder ad age, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Bus or tram Pedestria Pedal cycle Car occupats occupats All road users 1 KSI 2 All KSI All KSI All KSI All KSI All Boys 3 ad uder All boys 347 1, ,465 Girls 3 ad uder All girls 195 1, ,414 All pupils 3 ad uder All childre 542 3, , ,879 1 Icludes other road users ad cases where geder or road user type was ot reported. 2 Killed or seriously ijured 3 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 162

163 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30032 Reported casualties by regio, coutry ad severity, Uited Kigdom, average, Number of casualties average North East Killed KSI 1 1,057 1, , Total 9,935 9,673 9,494 9,254 8,403 8,028 7,799 7,062 7,600 North West Killed KSI 3,513 3,391 3,324 3,045 2,867 2,922 2,764 2,697 2,968 Total 31,807 31,478 29,461 27,686 25,006 23,485 21,807 19,570 20,685 Yorkshire ad the Humber Killed KSI 3,038 3,215 2,890 2,601 2,379 2,366 2,434 2,399 2,387 Total 23,470 23,759 22,278 21,728 19,803 19,297 18,865 17,395 18,098 East Midlads Killed KSI 2,512 2,550 2,327 2,384 2,076 2,167 2,076 1,879 2,061 Total 18,926 19,006 17,854 17,376 16,615 16,222 15,461 14,702 14,992 West Midlads Killed KSI 2,444 2,610 2,232 2,122 1,860 2,020 1,932 1,798 1,916 Total 23,542 24,465 22,028 21,175 19,093 17,645 16,361 15,726 17,077 East of Eglad Killed KSI 3,125 3,178 2,805 2,731 2,546 2,412 2,460 2,369 2,399 Total 23,794 24,207 21,848 20,750 19,539 19,424 18,784 17,238 18,966 Lodo Killed KSI 3,630 3,785 3,531 3,229 2,889 2,810 3,022 2,327 2,170 Total 29,280 28,434 28,205 28,023 28,937 29,291 28,822 27,238 30,837 South East Killed KSI 4,317 4,482 4,077 4,124 3,820 4,221 3,951 4,131 4,558 Total 35,892 36,576 33,805 32,671 30,964 31,684 30,765 29,776 31,285 South West Killed KSI 2,323 2,490 2,193 1,950 1,960 1,945 2,072 1,985 2,146 Total 21,246 21,866 19,184 18,117 17,009 16,705 15,919 15,137 15,489 Eglad Killed 2,387 2,502 2,123 1,880 1,553 1,594 1,491 1,430 1,472 KSI 25,958 26,720 24,369 23,206 21,255 21,717 21,630 20,387 21,425 Total 217, , , , , , , , ,029 Wales Killed KSI 1,344 1,403 1,396 1,221 1,087 1,247 1,034 1,144 1,263 Total 11,848 12,271 11,185 10,354 9,955 9,406 8,565 8,335 8,208 Scotlad Killed KSI 2,739 2,597 2,807 2,485 2,168 2,059 2,129 1,839 1,894 Total 16,310 16,045 15,563 15,012 13,324 12,763 12,575 11,491 11,240 Great Britai Killed 2,816 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 KSI 30,041 30,720 28,572 26,912 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24,582 Total 246, , , , , , , , ,477 Norther Irelad Killed KSI 1,200 1,210 1,097 1, Total 9,219 9,436 9,551 9,767 8,957 8,760 9,010 9,187 9,388 Uited Kigdom Killed 2,935 3,059 2,645 2,337 1,905 1,960 1,802 1,770 1,854 KSI 31,241 31,930 29,669 28,062 25,457 25,907 25,636 24,147 25,371 Total 255, , , , , , , , ,865 1 Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, PSNI [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 163

164 RAS30033 Reported casualties by built-up ad o built-up roads, road class, regio ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number of casualties Built-up roads No built-up roads All Motorways A roads Other Total A roads Other Total roads 1 North East Killed KSI Total 120 1,783 3,489 5,272 1, ,208 7,600 North West Killed KSI ,292 2, ,968 Total 1,589 6,989 9,029 16,018 1,981 1,097 3,078 20,685 Yorkshire ad the Humber Killed KSI ,052 1, ,387 Total 919 5,392 8,065 13,457 2,250 1,472 3,722 18,098 East Midlads Killed KSI , ,061 Total 432 3,738 5,865 9,603 3,070 1,887 4,957 14,992 West Midlads Killed KSI , ,916 Total 1,011 5,130 7,467 12,597 2,050 1,419 3,469 17,077 East of Eglad Killed KSI , ,399 Total 1,023 4,038 7,244 11,282 4,170 2,491 6,661 18,966 Lodo Killed KSI 9 1, , ,170 Total ,984 10,849 29, ,837 South East Killed KSI 236 1,055 1,697 2,752 1, ,570 4,558 Total 2,611 8,262 11,735 19,997 5,702 2,975 8,677 31,285 South West Killed KSI , ,146 Total 499 3,810 5,888 9,698 3,337 1,955 5,292 15,489 Eglad Killed ,472 KSI 734 5,886 8,332 14,218 4,059 2,414 6,473 21,425 Total 8,393 58,126 69, ,757 24,961 13,918 38, ,029 Wales Killed KSI ,263 Total 325 1,957 3,014 4,971 2, ,912 8,208 Scotlad Killed KSI ,894 Total 487 2,356 4,477 6,833 2,690 1,230 3,920 11,240 Great Britai Killed ,775 KSI 814 6,436 9,399 15,835 5,082 2,851 7,933 24,582 Total 9,205 62,439 77, ,561 29,683 16,028 45, ,477 1 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. 2 Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 164

165 RAS30034 Reported casualties by severity, road user type ad coutry, Uited Kigdom, 2014 Number of casualties Road user type Eglad Wales Scotlad Norther Irelad Uited Kigdom Pedestrias Killed Serious 4, ,203 Slight 17, , ,850 All severities 22, , ,517 Pedal cyclists Killed Serious 3, ,460 Slight 16, ,045 All severities 19, ,621 Horse riders Killed Serious Slight All severities Motorcycle users Killed Serious 4, ,377 Slight 13, ,937 All severities 18, ,667 Car users Killed Serious 6, ,422 Slight 95,561 4,969 6,168 6, ,685 All severities 103,061 5,511 6,958 7, ,946 Others 1 Killed Serious ,029 Slight 10, ,897 All severities 11, ,007 All road users Killed 1, ,854 Serious 19,953 1,160 1, ,517 Slight 153,604 6,945 9, ,423 All severities 175,029 8,208 11,240 9, ,865 1 Icludes cases where road user type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, PSNI [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 165

166 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30035 Deaths by age ad geder, from all causes, all accidetal deaths ad all road deaths, Great Britai, 2013 Number/percetage All ages 2 Male Deaths from all causes ,325 4,113 9,623 18,867 16,498 24,296 29,257 38, , ,826 All accidetal deaths , ,416 7,750 Road deaths (registered) ,360 % of accidetal deaths % of all deaths Stats 19 fatalities ,271 Female Deaths from all causes ,038 2,274 6,023 12,947 11,047 16,919 21,519 31, , ,767 All accidetal deaths ,566 5,851 Road deaths (registered) % of accidetal deaths % of all deaths Stats 19 fatalities All persos 3 Deaths from all causes 1, ,363 6,387 15,646 31,814 27,545 41,215 50,776 70, , ,593 All accidetal deaths ,275 1,436 1, ,982 13,601 Road deaths (registered) ,791 % of accidetal deaths % of all deaths Stats 19 fatalities ,713 1 I some cases age 0 may have bee coded where the age of the casualty was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported. 3 Icludes cases where geder was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: Office for Natioal Statistics ad Scottish Registrar Geeral's Office, DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 166

167 RAS30036 Casualties resultig from reported persoal ijury road accidets, by age ad severity, Great Britai, Child (0-15) Number of casualties Seriously Slightly Year Killed ijured KSI 1 ijured All casualties ,822 12,458 40,029 52, ,554 12,087 39,083 51, ,103 11,674 37,977 49, ,283 11,819 38,097 49, ,138 11,743 38,913 50, ,453 12,041 40,627 52, ,614 11,129 37,649 48, ,621 10,071 36,472 46, ,087 9,553 35,399 44, ,909 9,371 36,541 45, ,965 9,405 38,502 47, ,870 9,287 39,353 48, ,684 8,061 36,349 44, ,434 7,744 36,443 44, ,670 6,976 35,617 42, ,226 7,525 37,627 45, ,983 7,253 36,536 43, ,719 6,989 37,848 44, ,197 6,452 38,094 44, ,873 6,079 37,366 43, ,478 5,699 36,352 42, ,011 5,202 34,513 39, ,769 4,988 33,281 38, ,417 4,596 30,093 34, ,929 4,100 27,888 31, ,739 3,905 27,095 31, ,331 3,472 24,654 28, ,125 3,294 22,229 25, ,969 3,090 20,717 23, ,683 2,807 19,189 21, ,590 2,671 17,984 20, ,447 2,502 17,067 19, ,352 2,412 17,062 19, ,211 2,272 14,979 17, ,932 1,980 13,776 15, ,029 2,082 14,645 16,727 1 KSI = Killed or seriously ijured Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 167

168 RAS30036 Casualties resultig from reported persoal ijury road accidets, by age ad severity, Great Britai, Adult (16+) Number of casualties Seriously Slightly Year Killed ijured KSI 1 ijured All casualties ,712 68,190 73, , , ,415 66,906 72, , , ,269 66,714 71, , , ,381 68,108 73, , , ,826 59,152 63, , , ,973 61,157 66, , , ,647 59,721 64, , , ,926 58,542 63, , , ,653 54,516 59, , , ,565 53,945 58, , , ,906 53,648 58, , , ,765 50,958 55, , , ,169 43,289 47, , , ,908 41,144 45, , , ,493 37,652 41, , , ,320 38,552 41, , , ,330 37,866 41, , , ,304 37,085 40, , , ,344 36,119 39, , , ,213 34,315 37, , , ,183 32,914 36, , , ,211 32,382 35, , , ,199 31,559 34, , , ,221 30,846 34, , , ,320 29,095 32, , , ,037 26,790 29, , , ,051 25,031 28, , , ,994 25,057 28, , , ,817 24,285 27, , , ,413 22,898 25, , , ,141 21,758 23, , , ,795 19,891 21, , , ,841 20,502 22, , , ,693 20,588 22, , , ,665 19,467 21, , , ,722 20,561 22, , ,676 1 KSI = Killed or seriously ijured Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 168

169 All Ages 1 Seriously Slightly Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30036 Casualties resultig from reported persoal ijury road accidets, by age ad severity, Great Britai, Number of casualties Year Killed ijured KSI 2 ijured All casualties ,352 80,544 86, , , ,953 78,906 84, , , ,846 78,259 84, , , ,937 79,745 85, , , ,445 70,623 76, , , ,599 73,059 78, , , ,165 70,980 76, , , ,385 68,757 74, , , ,125 64,293 69, , , ,052 63,491 68, , , ,373 63,158 68, , , ,217 60,441 65, , , ,568 51,618 56, , , ,229 49,256 53, , , ,814 45,020 48, , , ,650 46,540 50, , , ,621 45,533 49, , , ,598 44,499 48, , , ,599 42,984 46, , , ,421 40,834 44, , , ,423 39,122 42, , , ,409 38,155 41, , , ,450 37,110 40, , , ,431 35,976 39, , , ,508 33,707 37, , , ,221 31,130 34, , , ,201 28,954 32, , , ,172 28,673 31, , , ,946 27,774 30, , , ,538 26,034 28, , , ,222 24,690 26, , , ,850 22,660 24, , , ,901 23,122 25, , , ,754 23,039 24, , , ,713 21,657 23, , , ,775 22,807 24, , ,477 1 Icludes cases where age of the casualty was ot reported 2 KSI = Killed or seriously ijured. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 169

170 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS30037 Reported casualties i accidets, by jourey purpose ad casualty type, Great Britai, Drivig as part of work Number of casualties Driver/rider drivig as part of work Killed Seriously ijured 1,433 1,382 1,384 1,301 1,286 1,301 Slightly ijured 16,864 16,305 15,465 14,882 13,991 14,372 All casualties 18,392 17,783 16,942 16,270 15,367 15,744 Passeger of driver/rider drivig for work Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 9,419 9,079 9,068 8,267 7,332 7,790 All casualties 10,053 9,640 9,617 8,835 7,874 8,298 Other casualty i accidet ivolvig a driver/rider drivig for work Killed Seriously ijured 3,421 3,358 3,288 3,392 3,249 3,381 Slightly ijured 23,797 23,484 22,519 21,670 20,712 22,107 All casualties 27,683 27,266 26,249 25,484 24,361 25,942 All casualties i accidets ivolvig a driver/rider drivig for work Killed Seriously ijured 5,456 5,281 5,197 5,231 5,052 5,168 Slightly ijured 50,080 48,868 47,052 44,819 42,035 44,269 All casualties 56,128 54,689 52,808 50,589 47,602 49,984 Commutig to/from work Driver/rider commutig to/from work Killed Seriously ijured 1,738 1,629 1,718 1,720 1,748 2,042 Slightly ijured 14,438 14,441 13,950 14,114 13,405 14,826 All casualties 16,319 16,176 15,795 15,919 15,264 16,988 Passeger of driver/rider commutig to/from work Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 1,651 1,686 1,451 1,503 1,285 1,544 All casualties 1,785 1,803 1,552 1,614 1,384 1,647 Other casualty i accidet ivolvig a driver/rider commutig to/from work Killed Seriously ijured 1,092 1,081 1,043 1,111 1,104 1,188 Slightly ijured 8,026 7,795 7,436 7,481 7,245 7,919 All casualties 9,210 8,965 8,570 8,670 8,443 9,197 All casualties i accidets ivolvig a driver/rider commutig to/from work Killed Seriously ijured 2,958 2,818 2,855 2,936 2,937 3,327 Slightly ijured 24,115 23,922 22,837 23,098 21,935 24,289 All casualties 27,314 26,944 25,917 26,203 25,091 27,832 Travellig to/from school 1 Driver/rider travellig to/from school Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 1,872 1,745 1,793 1,680 1,585 1,604 All casualties 2,021 1,892 1,914 1,813 1,697 1,725 Passeger of driver/rider travellig to/from school Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 1,218 1,168 1,128 1,126 1,019 1,221 All casualties 1,265 1,234 1,170 1,153 1,063 1,268 Other casualty i accidet ivolvig a driver/rider travellig to/from school Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 1,733 1,690 1,700 1,682 1,527 1,588 All casualties 1,936 1,910 1,915 1,907 1,744 1,832 All casualties i accidets ivolvig a driver/rider travellig to/from school Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 4,823 4,603 4,621 4,488 4,131 4,413 All casualties 5,222 5,036 4,999 4,873 4,504 4,825 1 Icludes pupils ridig to/from school ad drivers/riders takig a pupil to/from school. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 170

171 RAS30038 Reported fatal casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

172 Reported fatal casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

173 Reported fatal casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

174 Reported fatal casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 2,387 1,553 1,594 1,491 1,430 1, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 174

175 RAS30038 Reported KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East 1, E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 3,513 2,867 2,922 2,764 2,697 2, E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 3,038 2,379 2,366 2,434 2,399 2, E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

176 RAS30038 Reported KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads 2,512 2,076 2,167 2,076 1,879 2, E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads 2,444 1,860 2,020 1,932 1,798 1, E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad 3,125 2,546 2,412 2,460 2,369 2, E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

177 RAS30038 Reported KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E Lodo 3,630 2,889 2,810 3,022 2,327 2, E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 4,317 3,820 4,221 3,951 4,131 4,558 6 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

178 RAS30038 Reported KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South West 2,323 1,960 1,945 2,072 1,985 2,146-8 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 25,958 21,255 21,717 21,630 20,387 21, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 178

179 RAS30038 Reported casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East 9,935 8,403 8,028 7,799 7,062 7, E Couty Durham 2,010 1,708 1,654 1,544 1,369 1, E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye 1,256 1,022 1, E North Tyeside E Northumberlad 1,471 1,222 1,154 1, , E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad 1, E North West 31,807 25,006 23,485 21,807 19,570 20, E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto 1, E Bury E Cheshire East 1,848 1,656 1,567 1,555 1,357 1, E Cheshire West ad Chester 1,627 1,342 1,381 1,231 1,021 1, E Cumbria 2,369 1,819 1,755 1,707 1,676 1, E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire 6,166 5,131 4,760 4,234 4,084 4, E Liverpool 2,445 2,077 1,779 2,062 1,507 1, E Machester 2,698 1,962 1,932 1,544 1,388 1, E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto 1, E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto 1, E Wiga 1, E Wirral 1, E Yorkshire ad The Humber 23,470 19,803 19,297 18,865 17,395 18, E Barsley E Bradford 2,499 2,089 1,880 1,966 1,672 1, E Calderdale E Docaster 1,537 1,374 1,346 1,198 1,186 1, E East Ridig of Yorkshire 1,242 1,215 1,249 1,157 1,139 1,211-2 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of 1, ,001 1,055 1,010 1,017 1 E Kirklees 1,871 1,614 1,461 1,456 1,215 1, E Leeds 3,440 2,764 2,686 2,748 2,433 2, E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire 2,995 2,445 2,326 2,366 2,273 2, E Rotherham 1, , E Sheffield 2,171 1,764 1,692 1,670 1,472 1, E Wakefield 1,323 1,188 1,113 1, E York

180 RAS30038 Reported casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads 18,926 16,615 16,222 15,461 14,702 14, E Derby 995 1,105 1, E Derbyshire 3,424 2,811 2,836 2,661 2,306 2, E Leicester 1,314 1,246 1,263 1,284 1,189 1,208-8 E Leicestershire 2,490 2,116 1,964 1,878 1,889 1, E Licolshire 3,448 3,370 3,323 3,242 3,190 3, E Northamptoshire 2,268 1,761 1,661 1,589 1,585 1, E Nottigham 1,282 1,243 1,233 1,122 1,137 1,236-4 E Nottighamshire 3,527 2,812 2,785 2,673 2,461 2, E Rutlad E West Midlads 23,542 19,093 17,645 16,361 15,726 17, E Birmigham 5,054 4,092 3,497 3,071 3,315 3, E Covetry 1, E Dudley 1, E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell 1,343 1, E Shropshire 1,190 1, E Solihull E Staffordshire 4,085 3,494 3,178 3,098 2,862 3, E Stoke-o-Tret 1, , E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire 2,545 2,091 2,078 2,055 1,944 2, E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire 2,015 1,728 1,816 1,615 1,392 1, E East of Eglad 23,794 19,539 19,424 18,784 17,238 18, E Bedford E Cambridgeshire 2,935 2,433 2,297 2,208 1,969 2, E Cetral Bedfordshire 1, E Essex 5,210 4,102 4,271 4,163 4,000 4, E Hertfordshire 4,889 3,769 3,669 3,604 3,139 3, E Luto E Norfolk 3,205 2,491 2,491 2,362 2,391 2, E Peterborough 1, E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk 2,862 2,400 2,530 2,505 2,214 2, E Thurrock

181 RAS30038 Reported casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E Lodo 29,280 28,937 29,291 28,822 27,238 30,837 5 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret 1,344 1,520 1,382 1,262 1,228 1,276-5 E Bexley E Bret , E Bromley E Camde , E City of Lodo E Croydo 1,208 1,122 1,231 1,140 1,092 1,114-8 E Ealig 1,155 1, ,164 1,150 1, E Efield 1,033 1,075 1,109 1,038 1,012 1,003-3 E Greewich E Hackey ,020 8 E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey , E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo 1,028 1, , E Houslow , E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth 1,234 1,293 1,307 1,236 1,347 1, E Lewisham , ,039 7 E Merto E Newham 1, E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark 1,137 1,149 1,134 1, ,114-2 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,195 1,020 1, E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth 925 1,024 1,058 1,122 1,003 1, E Westmister 1,695 1,599 1,638 1,761 1,732 1,825 8 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 35,892 30,964 31,684 30,765 29,776 31, E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove 1,221 1,111 1, E Buckighamshire 2,258 1,836 1,693 1,613 1,484 1, E East Sussex 2,255 1,797 1,630 1,708 1,792 1, E Hampshire 4,561 4,056 4,170 3,919 3,661 3, E Isle of Wight E Ket 6,369 5,802 5,704 5,755 5,830 6,303-1 E Medway E Milto Keyes 1, ,060 1,122 1, E Oxfordshire 2,626 2,242 2,306 2,163 1,962 2, E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey 6,303 5,331 5,755 5,565 5,223 5, E West Berkshire E West Sussex 3,019 2,382 2,504 2,396 2,554 2,748-9 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

182 RAS30038 Reported casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South West 21,246 17,009 16,705 15,919 15,137 15, E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of 1,629 1,348 1,281 1,336 1,110 1, E Corwall 2,531 2,091 2,026 1,830 1,804 1, E Devo 3,225 2,566 2,618 2,574 2,404 2, E Dorset 1,830 1,421 1,331 1,347 1,269 1, E Gloucestershire 2,101 1,534 1,572 1,446 1,055 1, E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth 1, E Poole E Somerset 2,382 1,792 1,652 1,529 1,608 1, E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire 1,726 1,273 1,356 1,391 1,474 1,607-7 E Eglad 217, , , , , , Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 182

183 RAS30039 Reported fatal child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad averag Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

184 Reported fatal child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad averag Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow)

185 Reported fatal child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad averag Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 185

186 RAS30039 Reported child KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

187 RAS30039 Reported child KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow)

188 RAS30039 Reported child KSI casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 2,621 2,168 2,070 1,986 1,732 1, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 188

189 RAS30039 Reported child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East 1, E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 3,772 2,986 2,894 2,473 2,206 2, E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 2,561 2,114 2,213 1,922 1,760 1, E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

190 RAS30039 Reported child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads 1,842 1,484 1,465 1,346 1,153 1, E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads 2,432 1,929 1,780 1,639 1,455 1, E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad 2,083 1,668 1,616 1,499 1,307 1, E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock E Lodo 2,211 2,135 2,181 1,959 1,865 1, E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow)

191 RAS30039 Reported child casualties by regio ad local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South East 3,149 2,597 2,713 2,365 2,237 2, E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham E South West 1,796 1,368 1,395 1,251 1,176 1, E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 20,996 17,168 17,150 15,276 13,926 14, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 191

192 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye 1, E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe 1,543 1,309 1,264 1,462 1,304 1, E Blackpool 1,918 2,031 1,718 1,823 1,752 1, E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool 1,736 1,537 1,318 1,546 1,140 1, E Machester 1,586 1,203 1, E Oldham 1, , E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto 1,397 1,159 1,073 1, E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside 1, E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral 1, E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford 1,630 1,392 1,257 1,326 1,136 1, E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of 1,250 1,186 1,283 1,351 1,306 1,279 2 E Kirklees 1, E Leeds E North East Licolshire 1,295 1,021 1,209 1,238 1,069 1, E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield 1,287 1,073 1,022 1, , E Wakefield E York

193 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads E Derby 928 1, E Derbyshire E Leicester 1,457 1,418 1,423 1,445 1,351 1,337-8 E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham 1,297 1,291 1,278 1,167 1,202 1,292 0 E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham 1,366 1, E Covetry E Dudley 1, E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell 1, E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret 1,296 1,109 1,192 1,058 1, E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall 1, E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto 1, E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto 1,255 1,382 1,294 1, ,193-5 E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea 1,425 1,308 1,277 1,185 1,185 1,418 0 E Suffolk E Thurrock

194 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E Lodo 1,496 1,535 1,586 1,571 1,491 1, E Barkig ad Dageham 1,611 1,487 1,661 1,654 1,433 1,730 7 E Baret 1,303 1,456 1,395 1,240 1,194 1,227-6 E Bexley 1,065 1,015 1, E Bret 1,592 1,642 1,639 1,756 1,809 1, E Bromley 1,160 1,079 1,156 1,097 1,052 1,140-2 E Camde 2,718 3,041 3,019 2,835 2,934 3, E City of Lodo 2,991 3,378 3,729 3,947 3,255 3, E Croydo 1,539 1,541 1,695 1,579 1,507 1,518-1 E Ealig 1,445 1,382 1,293 1,585 1,476 1, E Efield 1,056 1,088 1,201 1,065 1,073 1,019-4 E Greewich 1,309 1,278 1,374 1,176 1,061 1, E Hackey 2,758 2,724 2,775 3,216 2,980 3, E Hammersmith ad Fulham 1,984 1,911 2,240 2,230 2,037 2, E Harigey 2,201 2,805 2,629 2,587 2,688 3, E Harrow 1,409 1,559 1,185 1,373 1,243 1, E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow 973 1,039 1, , E Isligto 2,537 2,999 3,596 3,233 3,270 3, E Kesigto ad Chelsea 2,297 2,308 2,363 2,265 2,284 2,409 5 E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth 2,334 2,620 2,685 2,633 2,923 2, E Lewisham 1,863 1,906 2,166 2,080 2,012 2, E Merto 1,312 1,212 1,391 1,461 1,412 1, E Newham 1,669 1,520 1,580 1,638 1,564 1,705 2 E Redbridge 1,313 1,453 1,370 1,313 1,178 1, E Richmod upo Thames , ,085 1, E Southwark 2,177 2,319 2,321 2,258 2,178 2, E Sutto 1,363 1,241 1,384 1,279 1,272 1, E Tower Hamlets 1,598 1,594 1,628 2,152 1,842 2, E Waltham Forest 1,916 1,782 1,994 1,759 1,480 2,033 6 E Wadsworth 1,657 1,917 2,079 2,225 2,052 2, E Westmister 2,710 2,821 2,948 3,229 3,232 3, E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove 1,393 1,324 1,316 1,156 1,083 1, E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight 1,382 1,415 1,458 1,490 1,093 1, E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth 1, , E Readig 1,532 1,371 1,475 1,302 1,336 1, E Slough 1,085 1,183 1,102 1,058 1,068 1,135 5 E Southampto 1,139 1,166 1,196 1,137 1,049 1,180 4 E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

195 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth 1,403 1,250 1,296 1,184 1,205 1, E Bristol, City of 1, E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly 1, ,229 1,806 1, E North Somerset E Plymouth 1,128 1,052 1, E Poole 1, E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay 1,078 1, E Wiltshire E Eglad Icludes Lodo Airport (Heathrow) Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 195

196 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool 1,192 1,262 1,067 1,133 1,089 1, E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool 1, E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford 1, E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

197 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

198 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E Lodo , E Barkig ad Dageham 1, ,032 1, ,075 7 E Baret E Bexley E Bret 989 1,020 1,018 1,091 1,124 1, E Bromley E Camde 1,689 1,890 1,876 1,762 1,823 2, E City of Lodo 1,859 2,099 2,317 2,452 2,022 2, E Croydo , E Ealig , E Efield E Greewich E Hackey 1,714 1,693 1,724 1,998 1,852 2, E Hammersmith ad Fulham 1,233 1,188 1,392 1,386 1,266 1, E Harigey 1,368 1,743 1,634 1,608 1,670 1, E Harrow , E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto 1,577 1,864 2,235 2,009 2,032 2, E Kesigto ad Chelsea 1,427 1,434 1,469 1,407 1,419 1,497 5 E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth 1,450 1,628 1,669 1,636 1,816 1, E Lewisham 1,158 1,184 1,346 1,292 1,250 1, E Merto , E Newham 1, , ,059 2 E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark 1,353 1,441 1,442 1,403 1,353 1, E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,012 1,337 1,145 1, E Waltham Forest 1,191 1,108 1,239 1, ,263 6 E Wadsworth 1,030 1,191 1,292 1,382 1,275 1, E Westmister 1,684 1,753 1,832 2,006 2,008 2, E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

199 RAS30040 Reported casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average o avg E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly ,122 1, E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad Icludes Lodo Airport (Heathrow) Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 199

200 RAS30043 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

201 RAS30043 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

202 RAS30043 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

203 RAS30043 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad ,472 1 Icludes cases where age was ot reported Source: DfT STATS19 2 Icludes occupats of other vehicles The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

204 RAS30043 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West ,968 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber ,387 E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

205 RAS30043 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E East Midlads ,061 E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads ,916 E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad ,399 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

206 RAS30043 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E Lodo ,170 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East ,115 1, ,558 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

207 RAS30043 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E South West ,146 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 1,187 4, ,212 4,996 7, ,425 1 Icludes cases where age was ot reported Source: DfT STATS19 2 Icludes occupats of other vehicles The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

208 RAS30043 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E North East , ,600 E Couty Durham , ,585 E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad ,086 E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 932 2, ,161 1,770 12, ,685 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East ,338 E Cheshire West ad Chester ,136 E Cumbria , ,932 E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire , ,367 E Liverpool , ,818 E Machester ,399 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 728 2, ,917 1,529 11, ,098 E Barsley E Bradford , ,752 E Calderdale E Docaster ,237 E East Ridig of Yorkshire ,211 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of ,017 E Kirklees ,109 E Leeds , ,532 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire , ,258 E Rotherham E Sheffield ,665 E Wakefield E York

209 RAS30043 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E East Midlads 473 1, ,417 1,397 9, ,992 E Derby E Derbyshire , ,312 E Leicester ,208 E Leicestershire , ,915 E Licolshire , ,115 E Northamptoshire , ,698 E Nottigham ,236 E Nottighamshire , ,533 E Rutlad E West Midlads 644 2, ,383 1,463 11, ,077 E Birmigham , ,584 E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire , ,083 E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire , ,261 E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire ,383 E East of Eglad 451 1, ,894 1,915 12, ,966 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire , ,049 E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex , ,352 E Hertfordshire , ,690 E Luto E Norfolk , ,578 E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk , ,349 E Thurrock

210 RAS30043 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E Lodo 1,032 5, ,150 5,237 12,494 1, ,837 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret ,276 E Bexley E Bret ,067 E Bromley E Camde ,037 E City of Lodo E Croydo ,114 E Ealig ,290 E Efield ,003 E Greewich E Hackey ,020 E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey ,100 E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow ,063 E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth ,392 E Lewisham ,039 E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark ,114 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,221 E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth ,124 E Westmister ,825 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 787 3, ,605 3,295 19, ,285 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire , ,527 E East Sussex , ,969 E Hampshire , ,743 E Isle of Wight E Ket , ,303 E Medway E Milto Keyes ,049 E Oxfordshire , ,201 E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey , ,408 E West Berkshire E West Sussex , ,748 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

211 RAS30043 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Child ages 1 Child ages 1 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 2 E South West 365 1, ,656 1,739 9, ,489 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of ,201 E Corwall , ,907 E Devo , ,427 E Dorset ,276 E Gloucestershire ,168 E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset , ,623 E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire , ,607 E Eglad 5,687 22,087 1,837 19,833 18, ,061 4,779 4,367 1, ,029 1 Icludes cases where age was ot reported Source: DfT STATS19 2 Icludes occupats of other vehicles The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

212 RAS30044 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E North East ,057 E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West , ,513 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber , ,038 E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

213 RAS30044 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E East Midlads , ,512 E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads , ,444 E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad , ,125 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

214 RAS30044 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E Lodo 231 1, ,630 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East ,056 1, ,317 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

215 RAS30044 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E South West , ,323 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 1,619 5, ,307 5,667 10, ,958 1 Boudary chages may result i revised ONS codes i later years Source: DfT STATS19 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 3 Icludes occupats of other vehicles Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

216 RAS30044 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E North East 463 1, , ,935 E Couty Durham , ,010 E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye ,256 E North Tyeside E Northumberlad , ,471 E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad ,029 E North West 1,546 4, ,908 2,126 21, ,807 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto ,203 E Bury E Cheshire East , ,848 E Cheshire West ad Chester , ,627 E Cumbria , ,369 E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire , ,166 E Liverpool , ,445 E Machester , ,698 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto ,004 E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto ,078 E Wiga ,079 E Wirral ,201 E Yorkshire ad The Humber 1,050 2, ,395 1,800 15, ,470 E Barsley E Bradford , ,499 E Calderdale E Docaster , ,537 E East Ridig of Yorkshire ,242 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of ,004 E Kirklees , ,871 E Leeds , ,440 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire , ,995 E Rotherham ,234 E Sheffield , ,171 E Wakefield ,323 E York

217 RAS30044 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E East Midlads 643 1, ,201 1,772 12, ,926 E Derby E Derbyshire , ,424 E Leicester ,314 E Leicestershire , ,490 E Licolshire , ,448 E Northamptoshire , ,268 E Nottigham ,282 E Nottighamshire , ,527 E Rutlad E West Midlads 1,007 2, ,244 1,809 16, ,542 E Birmigham , ,054 E Covetry ,113 E Dudley ,107 E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell ,343 E Shropshire ,190 E Solihull E Staffordshire , ,085 E Stoke-o-Tret ,115 E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire , ,545 E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire , ,015 E East of Eglad 630 2, ,678 2,334 16, ,794 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire , ,935 E Cetral Bedfordshire ,072 E Essex , ,210 E Hertfordshire , ,889 E Luto E Norfolk , ,205 E Peterborough ,101 E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk , ,862 E Thurrock

218 RAS30044 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E Lodo 1,189 5, ,140 4,602 13,841 1, ,280 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret ,344 E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo ,208 E Ealig ,155 E Efield ,033 E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo ,028 E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth ,234 E Lewisham E Merto E Newham ,014 E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark ,137 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister ,695 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 1,052 3, ,667 3,701 24, ,892 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove ,221 E Buckighamshire , ,258 E East Sussex , ,255 E Hampshire , ,561 E Isle of Wight E Ket , ,369 E Medway E Milto Keyes ,199 E Oxfordshire , ,626 E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey , ,303 E West Berkshire E West Sussex , ,019 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

219 RAS30044 Reported casualties by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, average Number of casualties Pedestria Pedal cycle Bus Va/ All All Motor or Light ONS Code 1 Regio/Local Authority Child ages 2 Child ages 2 cycle Car coach goods HGV All 3 E South West 612 2, ,487 2,215 14, ,246 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of ,629 E Corwall , ,531 E Devo , ,225 E Dorset , ,830 E Gloucestershire , ,101 E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth ,019 E Poole E Somerset , ,382 E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire , ,726 E Eglad 8,193 26,009 3,320 15,264 20, ,512 6,177 4,756 1, ,892 1 Boudary chages may result i revised ONS codes i later years 2 Icludes cases where age was ot reported 3 Icludes occupats of other vehicles Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 219

220 RAS30045 Reported casualty rate per millio populatio by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Rate per millio populatio Bus Va/ Pedal Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Pedestria cycle cycle Car coach goods HGV All 1 E North East , ,902 E Couty Durham , ,061 E Darligto , ,056 E Gateshead , ,486 E Hartlepool , ,257 E Middlesbrough , ,710 E Newcastle upo Tye , ,167 E North Tyeside , ,737 E Northumberlad , ,437 E Redcar ad Clevelad , ,036 E South Tyeside , ,609 E Stockto-o-Tees , ,025 E Suderlad , ,864 E North West , ,900 E Blackbur with Darwe , ,768 E Blackpool , ,986 E Bolto , ,254 E Bury , ,771 E Cheshire East , ,576 E Cheshire West ad Chester , ,420 E Cumbria , ,880 E Halto , ,976 E Kowsley , ,787 E Lacashire , ,376 E Liverpool , ,843 E Machester , ,689 E Oldham , ,391 E Rochdale , ,245 E Salford , ,268 E Sefto , ,464 E St. Heles , ,472 E Stockport ,412 E Tameside , ,871 E Trafford , ,858 E Warrigto , ,473 E Wiga ,396 E Wirral , ,284 E Yorkshire ad The Humber , ,376 E Barsley , ,498 E Bradford , ,317 E Calderdale , ,004 E Docaster , ,067 E East Ridig of Yorkshire , ,592 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of , ,946 E Kirklees , ,573 E Leeds , ,304 E North East Licolshire , ,562 E North Licolshire , ,756 E North Yorkshire , ,180 E Rotherham , ,165 E Sheffield , ,953 E Wakefield , ,782 E York , ,

221 RAS30045 Reported casualty rate per millio populatio by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Rate per millio populatio Bus Va/ Pedal Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Pedestria cycle cycle Car coach goods HGV All 1 E East Midlads , ,233 E Derby , ,399 E Derbyshire , ,965 E Leicester , ,578 E Leicestershire , ,118 E Licolshire , ,761 E Northamptoshire , ,296 E Nottigham , ,933 E Nottighamshire , ,809 E Rutlad , ,077 E West Midlads , ,989 E Birmigham , ,254 E Covetry , ,451 E Dudley , ,970 E Herefordshire, Couty of , ,992 E Sadwell , ,873 E Shropshire , ,692 E Solihull , ,810 E Staffordshire , ,837 E Stoke-o-Tret , ,418 E Telford ad Wreki , ,355 E Walsall , ,663 E Warwickshire , ,882 E Wolverhampto , ,550 E Worcestershire , ,952 E East of Eglad , ,151 E Bedford , ,422 E Cambridgeshire , ,202 E Cetral Bedfordshire , ,583 E Essex , ,039 E Hertfordshire , ,178 E Luto , ,915 E Norfolk , ,684 E Peterborough , ,549 E Southed-o-Sea , ,395 E Suffolk , ,962 E Thurrock , ,

222 RAS30045 Reported casualty rate per millio populatio by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Rate per millio populatio Bus Va/ Pedal Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Pedestria cycle cycle Car coach goods HGV All 1 E Lodo , ,611 E Barkig ad Dageham , ,273 E Baret , ,403 E Bexley , ,318 E Bret , ,326 E Bromley , ,702 E Camde 1,035 1, ,416 E City of Lodo 14,123 17,220 9,663 3,593 2, ,315 E Croydo , ,962 E Ealig , ,771 E Efield , ,090 E Greewich , ,866 E Hackey 749 1, , ,876 E Hammersmith ad Fulham 863 1,110 1, ,278 E Harigey , ,112 E Harrow , ,410 E Haverig , ,143 E Hilligdo , ,225 E Houslow , ,003 E Isligto 742 1, , ,379 E Kesigto ad Chelsea 1,082 1,210 1,268 1, ,058 E Kigsto upo Thames , ,789 E Lambeth 748 1,204 1,046 1, ,374 E Lewisham , ,559 E Merto , ,032 E Newham , ,975 E Redbridge , ,409 E Richmod upo Thames , ,146 E Southwark 697 1, ,682 E Sutto , ,120 E Tower Hamlets , ,299 E Waltham Forest , ,552 E Wadsworth 641 1, ,601 E Westmister 2,010 1,959 1,466 1, ,823 E South East , ,526 E Brackell Forest , ,169 E Brighto ad Hove , ,512 E Buckighamshire , ,926 E East Sussex , ,648 E Hampshire , ,781 E Isle of Wight , ,070 E Ket , ,600 E Medway , ,084 E Milto Keyes , ,046 E Oxfordshire , ,576 E Portsmouth , ,314 E Readig , ,680 E Slough , ,254 E Southampto , ,310 E Surrey , ,772 E West Berkshire , ,915 E West Sussex , ,703 E Widsor ad Maidehead , ,107 E Wokigham , ,

223 RAS30045 Reported casualty rate per millio populatio by regio, local authority ad road user type, Eglad, 2014 Rate per millio populatio Bus Va/ Pedal Motor or Light ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Pedestria cycle cycle Car coach goods HGV All 1 E South West , ,856 E Bath ad North East Somerset , ,082 E Bouremouth , ,250 E Bristol, City of , ,714 E Corwall , ,497 E Devo , ,171 E Dorset , ,051 E Gloucestershire , ,911 E Isles of Scilly , ,316 E North Somerset , ,445 E Plymouth , ,028 E Poole , ,378 E Somerset , ,405 E South Gloucestershire , ,044 E Swido , ,549 E Torbay , ,730 E Wiltshire , ,326 E Eglad , ,222 1 Icludes occupats of other vehicles Source: DfT STATS19, ONS mid-year populatio estimates 2 Icludes Lodo (Heathrow) Airport The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

224 RAS30046 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

225 RAS30046 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

226 RAS30046 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

227 RAS30046 Reported fatal casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad ,472 1 Excludes motorways Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

228 RAS30046 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 791 1,126 1, ,968 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber , ,387 E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

229 RAS30046 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E East Midlads , ,061 E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads , ,916 E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad , , ,399 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

230 RAS30046 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E Lodo 1, , ,170 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 861 1,258 2,119 1,200 1,003 2, ,558 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

231 RAS30046 Reported KSI casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E South West , ,146 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 5,126 6,755 11,881 4,819 3,991 8, ,425 1 Excludes motorways Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

232 RAS30046 Reported casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E North East 1,639 2,840 4,479 1,746 1,255 3, ,600 E Couty Durham ,585 E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad ,086 E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 6,130 7,959 14,089 2,840 2,167 5,007 1,589 20,685 E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East ,338 E Cheshire West ad Chester ,136 E Cumbria , ,932 E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire 890 1,570 2, , ,367 E Liverpool , ,818 E Machester , ,399 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 4,515 6,970 11,485 3,127 2,567 5, ,098 E Barsley E Bradford , ,752 E Calderdale E Docaster ,237 E East Ridig of Yorkshire ,211 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of ,017 E Kirklees ,109 E Leeds 737 1,318 2, ,532 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire , , ,258 E Rotherham E Sheffield , ,665 E Wakefield E York

233 RAS30046 Reported casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E East Midlads 3,102 4,779 7,881 3,706 2,973 6, ,992 E Derby E Derbyshire , ,312 E Leicester , ,208 E Leicestershire ,915 E Licolshire , , ,115 E Northamptoshire ,698 E Nottigham , ,236 E Nottighamshire , , ,533 E Rutlad E West Midlads 4,475 6,547 11,022 2,705 2,339 5,044 1,011 17,077 E Birmigham 1,261 2,136 3, ,584 E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire , , ,083 E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire , ,261 E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire ,383 E East of Eglad 3,267 5,490 8,757 4,941 4,245 9,186 1,023 18,966 E Bedford E Cambridgeshire , ,049 E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex 587 1,433 2,020 1,027 1,074 2, ,352 E Hertfordshire 679 1,156 1, , ,690 E Luto E Norfolk , ,578 E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk , ,349 E Thurrock

234 RAS30046 Reported casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E Lodo 19,160 10,617 29, ,837 E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret , ,276 E Bexley E Bret , ,067 E Bromley E Camde , ,037 E City of Lodo E Croydo , ,114 E Ealig , ,290 E Efield ,003 E Greewich E Hackey , ,020 E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey , ,100 E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow , ,063 E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth 1, , ,392 E Lewisham , ,039 E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark , ,114 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets , ,221 E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth , ,124 E Westmister 1, , ,825 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) E South East 6,685 9,119 15,804 7,279 5,591 12,870 2,611 31,285 E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire ,527 E East Sussex , ,969 E Hampshire 545 1,064 1, , ,743 E Isle of Wight E Ket 1,206 1,460 2,666 1,866 1,133 2, ,303 E Medway E Milto Keyes ,049 E Oxfordshire , ,201 E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey 1,365 1,467 2,832 1, , ,408 E West Berkshire E West Sussex , , ,748 E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

235 RAS30046 Reported casualties by regio, local authority, urba/rural ad road class, Eglad, 2014 Urba 1 Rural 1 Number of casualties A Mior All A Mior All All ONS Code Regio/Local Authority Road Road Urba Road Road Rural Motorway Roads E South West 2,524 4,458 6,982 4,623 3,385 8, ,489 E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of , ,201 E Corwall , ,907 E Devo , ,427 E Dorset ,276 E Gloucestershire ,168 E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset , ,623 E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire , ,607 E Eglad 51,497 58, ,276 31,590 24,770 56,360 8, ,029 1 Excludes motorways Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

236 RAS30053 Reported fatal casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg North East Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users North West Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users Yorkshire ad The Humber Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users East Midlads Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users West Midlads Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users East of Eglad Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users

237 RAS30053 Reported fatal casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg Lodo Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users South East Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users South West Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users Eglad Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 2,387 1,553 1,594 1,491 1,430 1, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 237

238 RAS30053 Reported KSI casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg North East Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 1, North West Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, , Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 3,513 2,867 2,922 2,764 2,697 2, Yorkshire ad The Humber Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 3,038 2,379 2,366 2,434 2,399 2, East Midlads Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 2,512 2,076 2,167 2,076 1,879 2, West Midlads Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 2,444 1,860 2,020 1,932 1,798 1, East of Eglad Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1,509 1,116 1,026 1,062 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 3,125 2,546 2,412 2,460 2,369 2,

239 RAS30053 Reported KSI casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg Lodo Pedestria 1, , Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 3,630 2,889 2,810 3,022 2,327 2, South East Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle 1, , ,001 1,115 6 Car 1,911 1,527 1,546 1,461 1,509 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 4,317 3,820 4,221 3,951 4,131 4,558 6 South West Pedestria Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 1, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 2,323 1,960 1,945 2,072 1,985 2,146-8 Eglad Pedestria 5,825 4,892 5,091 5,266 4,697 4, Pedal cycle 2,307 2,558 2,911 3,080 2,989 3, Motorcycle 5,667 4,583 5,042 4,752 4,648 4, Car 10,926 8,231 7,781 7,601 7,095 7, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 25,958 21,255 21,717 21,630 20,387 21, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 239

240 RAS30053 Reported casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg North East Pedestria 1,226 1, , Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car 6,722 5,487 5,007 4,893 4,294 4, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 9,935 8,403 8,028 7,799 7,062 7, North West Pedestria 4,097 3,230 3,193 3,156 2,909 2, Pedal cycle 1,908 1,941 2,114 1,966 1,901 2, Motorcycle 2,126 1,697 1,837 1,796 1,646 1, Car 21,570 16,489 14,830 13,609 11,949 12, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 31,807 25,006 23,485 21,807 19,570 20, Yorkshire ad The Humber Pedestria 2,840 2,416 2,392 2,404 2,172 2, Pedal cycle 1,395 1,391 1,578 1,676 1,766 1, Motorcycle 1,800 1,444 1,631 1,527 1,547 1, Car 15,671 13,124 12,312 11,861 10,754 11, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 23,470 19,803 19,297 18,865 17,395 18, East Midlads Pedestria 1,903 1,703 1,752 1,680 1,531 1, Pedal cycle 1,201 1,192 1,334 1,275 1,256 1, Motorcycle 1,772 1,416 1,539 1,396 1,319 1, Car 12,804 11,196 10,479 10,173 9,649 9, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 18,926 16,615 16,222 15,461 14,702 14, West Midlads Pedestria 2,888 2,305 2,258 2,092 2,076 2, Pedal cycle 1,244 1,165 1,335 1,248 1,264 1, Motorcycle 1,809 1,320 1,454 1,366 1,328 1, Car 16,136 13,186 11,618 10,717 10,220 11, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 23,542 19,093 17,645 16,361 15,726 17, East of Eglad Pedestria 2,027 1,810 1,936 1,881 1,700 1, Pedal cycle 1,678 1,544 1,689 1,706 1,752 1, Motorcycle 2,334 1,840 1,995 1,786 1,748 1, Car 16,427 13,300 12,733 12,420 11,118 12, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 23,794 19,539 19,424 18,784 17,238 18,

241 RAS30053 Reported casualties by regio, road user type, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties 2014 percetage chage Regio average o avg Lodo Pedestria 5,438 5,398 5,447 5,272 5,186 5,617 3 Pedal cycle 3,140 4,010 4,498 4,619 4,625 5, Motorcycle 4,602 4,344 4,681 4,653 4,508 5, Car 13,841 13,085 12,439 12,298 10,784 12, Bus or coach 1,574 1,403 1,470 1,330 1,473 1,589 1 Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 29,280 28,937 29,291 28,822 27,238 30,837 5 South East Pedestria 3,380 3,044 3,239 2,950 2,926 3,172-6 Pedal cycle 2,667 2,663 3,108 3,059 3,336 3, Motorcycle 3,701 2,985 3,349 3,111 3,030 3, Car 24,083 20,520 20,221 19,937 18,889 19, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 35,892 30,964 31,684 30,765 29,776 31, South West Pedestria 2,211 1,817 1,802 1,813 1,775 1, Pedal cycle 1,487 1,505 1,597 1,560 1,537 1, Motorcycle 2,215 1,655 1,715 1,691 1,676 1, Car 14,258 11,145 10,747 10,003 9,331 9, Bus or coach Va / Light goods vehicle HGV All road users 21,246 17,009 16,705 15,919 15,137 15, Eglad Pedestria 26,009 22,726 22,987 22,262 21,237 22, Pedal cycle 15,264 15,957 17,869 17,719 18,056 19, Motorcycle 20,995 17,197 18,731 17,819 17,294 18, Car 141, , , ,911 96, , Bus or coach 6,177 5,460 5,448 4,641 4,344 4, Va / Light goods vehicle 4,756 4,003 4,007 4,002 3,898 4,367-8 HGV 1,967 1,332 1,192 1,133 1,121 1, All road users 217, , , , , , Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 241

242 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties 1974 Metropolita/ Local authority (Borough/District/UA) o metropolita Child All couty ONS Code Name Killed Serious KSI KSI Slight Casualties Avo E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bristol, City of ,081 1,201 E North Somerset E South Gloucestershire Bedfordshire E Bedford E Cetral Bedfordshire E Luto Berkshire E Brackell Forest E Readig E Slough E West Berkshire E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham Buckighamshire E Aylesbury Vale E Chilter E Milto Keyes ,049 E South Bucks E Wycombe Cambridgeshire E Cambridge E East Cambridgeshire E Felad E Hutigdoshire E Peterborough E South Cambridgeshire Cheshire E Cheshire East ,113 1,338 E Cheshire West ad Chester ,136 E Halto E Warrigto Clevelad E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Redcar ad Clevelad E Stockto-o-Tees Corwall E Corwall ,654 1,907 E Isles of Scilly Cumbria E Allerdale E Barrow-i-Furess E Carlisle E Copelad E Ede E South Lakelad Derbyshire E Amber Valley E Bolsover E Chesterfield E Derby E Derbyshire Dales E Erewash E High Peak E North East Derbyshire E South Derbyshire Devo E East Devo E Exeter E Mid Devo E North Devo E Plymouth E South Hams E Teigbridge E Torbay E Torridge E West Devo Dorset E Bouremouth E Christchurch E East Dorset E North Dorset E Poole E Purbeck E West Dorset E Weymouth ad Portlad

243 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties 1974 Metropolita/ Local authority (Borough/District/UA) o metropolita Child All couty ONS Code Name Killed Serious KSI KSI Slight Casualties Durham E Couty Durham ,403 1,585 E Darligto East Sussex E Brighto ad Hove E Eastboure E Hastigs E Lewes E Rother E Wealde Essex E Basildo E Braitree E Bretwood E Castle Poit E Chelmsford E Colchester E Eppig Forest E Harlow E Maldo E Rochford E Southed-o-Sea E Tedrig E Thurrock E Uttlesford Gloucestershire E Chelteham E Cotswold E Forest of Dea E Gloucester E Stroud E Tewkesbury Greater Lodo E City of Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret ,178 1,276 E Bexley E Bret ,067 E Bromley E Camde ,037 E Croydo ,043 1,114 E Ealig ,209 1,290 E Efield ,003 E Greewich E Hackey ,020 E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey ,015 1,100 E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow ,001 1,063 E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth ,294 1,392 E Lewisham ,039 E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark ,045 1,114 E Sutto E Tower Hamlets ,133 1,221 E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth ,043 1,124 E Westmister ,687 1,825 Lodo Airport (Heathrow) Greater Machester E Bolto E Bury E Machester ,230 1,399 E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Wiga

244 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties 1974 Metropolita/ Local authority (Borough/District/UA) o metropolita Child All couty ONS Code Name Killed Serious KSI KSI Slight Casualties Hampshire E Basigstoke ad Deae E East Hampshire E Eastleigh E Fareham E Gosport E Hart E Havat E New Forest E Portsmouth E Rushmoor E Southampto E Test Valley E Wichester Hereford ad Worcester E Herefordshire, Couty of E Bromsgrove E Malver Hills E Redditch E Worcester E Wychavo E Wyre Forest Hertfordshire E Broxboure E Dacorum E East Hertfordshire E Hertsmere E North Hertfordshire E St. Albas E Steveage E Three Rivers E Watford E Welwy Hatfield Humberside E East Ridig of Yorkshire ,023 1,211 E Kigsto upo Hull, City of ,017 E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire Isle of Wight E Isle of Wight Ket E Ashford E Caterbury E Dartford E Dover E Gravesham E Maidstoe E Medway E Seveoaks E Shepway E Swale E Thaet E Tobridge ad Mallig E Tubridge Wells Lacashire E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Burley E Chorley E Fylde E Hydbur E Lacaster E Pedle E Presto E Ribble Valley E Rossedale E South Ribble E West Lacashire E Wyre Leicestershire E Blaby E Charwood E Harborough E Hickley ad Bosworth E Leicester ,108 1,208 E Melto E North West Leicestershire E Oadby ad Wigsto E Rutlad

245 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties 1974 Metropolita/ Local authority (Borough/District/UA) o metropolita Child All couty ONS Code Name Killed Serious KSI KSI Slight Casualties Licolshire E Bosto E East Lidsey E Licol E North Kesteve E South Hollad E South Kesteve E West Lidsey Merseyside E Kowsley E Liverpool ,564 1,818 E Sefto E St. Heles E Wirral Norfolk E Brecklad E Broadlad E Great Yarmouth E Kig's Ly ad West Norfolk E North Norfolk E Norwich E South Norfolk North Yorkshire E Crave E Hambleto E Harrogate E Richmodshire E Ryedale E Scarborough E Selby E York Northamptoshire E Corby E Davetry E East Northamptoshire E Ketterig E Northampto E South Northamptoshire E Welligborough Northumberlad E Northumberlad ,086 Nottighamshire E Ashfield E Bassetlaw E Broxtowe E Gedlig E Masfield E Newark ad Sherwood E Nottigham ,129 1,236 E Rushcliffe Oxfordshire E Cherwell E Oxford E South Oxfordshire E Vale of White Horse E West Oxfordshire Shropshire E Shropshire E Telford ad Wreki Somerset E Medip E Sedgemoor E South Somerset E Tauto Deae E West Somerset South Yorkshire E Barsley E Docaster ,129 1,237 E Rotherham E Sheffield ,479 1,665 Staffordshire E Caock Chase E East Staffordshire E Lichfield E Newcastle-uder-Lyme E South Staffordshire E Stafford E Staffordshire Moorlads E Stoke-o-Tret E Tamworth

246 RAS30058 Reported casualties by couty, lower tier local authority, severity, child KSI ad all ages, Eglad, 2014 Number of casualties 1974 Metropolita/ Local authority (Borough/District/UA) o metropolita Child All couty ONS Code Name Killed Serious KSI KSI Slight Casualties Suffolk E Babergh E Forest Heath E Ipswich E Mid Suffolk E St. Edmudsbury E Suffolk Coastal E Waveey Surrey E Elmbridge E Epsom ad Ewell E Guildford E Mole Valley E Reigate ad Bastead E Ruymede E Spelthore E Surrey Heath E Tadridge E Waverley E Wokig Tye ad Wear E Gateshead E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E South Tyeside E Suderlad Warwickshire E North Warwickshire E Nueato ad Bedworth E Rugby E Stratford-upo-Avo E Warwick West Midlads E Birmigham ,191 3,584 E Covetry E Dudley E Sadwell E Solihull E Walsall E Wolverhampto West Sussex E Adur E Aru E Chichester E Crawley E Horsham E Mid Sussex E Worthig West Yorkshire E Bradford ,548 1,752 E Calderdale E Kirklees ,109 E Leeds ,198 2,532 E Wakefield Wiltshire E Swido E Wiltshire ,362 1,607 Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 246

247 RAS30059 Reported road accidet casualties by severity, Great Britai Killed KSI 1 Casualty rate 2 of which Seriously of which Slightly All All Year All childre ijured All childre ijured severities Traffic 2 KSI 1 Slight severities average 2, ,225 30,041 3, , , , ,544 86,896 12, , , , ,906 84,859 12, , , , ,259 84,105 11, , , , ,745 85,682 11, , , , ,623 76,068 11, , , , ,059 78,658 12, , , , ,980 76,145 11, , , , ,757 74,142 10, , , , ,293 69,418 9, , , , ,491 68,543 9, , , , ,158 68,531 9, , , , ,441 65,658 9, , , , ,618 56,186 8, , , , ,256 53,485 7, , , , ,020 48,834 6, , , , ,540 50,190 7, , , , ,533 49,154 7, , , , ,499 48,097 6, , , , ,984 46,583 6, , , , ,834 44,255 6, , , , ,122 42,545 5, , , , ,155 41,564 5, , , , ,110 40,560 4, , , , ,976 39,407 4, , , , ,707 37,215 4, , , , ,130 34,351 3, , , , ,954 32,155 3, , , , ,673 31,845 3, , , , ,774 30,720 3, , , , ,034 28,572 2, , , , ,690 26,912 2, , , , ,660 24,510 2, , , , ,122 25,023 2, , , , ,039 24,793 2, , , , ,657 23,370 1, , , , ,807 24,582 2, , , Killed or seriously ijured. Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey 2 Traffic i billio vehicle miles; rates per billio vehicle miles. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

248 RAS30060 Reported fatalities by road user type, Great Britai All road users Motorcycle Bus or Va/Light Other Pedal rider/ Car coach goods veh HGV vehicle of which Pedestrias cyclists passeger occupat occupat occupat Occupat occupat All childre average , , , ,160 2, , , ,163 2, , , ,131 2, , , ,091 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September

249 RAS30061 Reported killed or seriously ijured casualties by road user type, Great Britai All road users Motorcycle Bus or Va/Light Other Pedal rider/ Car coach goods veh HGV vehicle of which Pedestrias cyclists passeger occupat occupat occupat Occupat occupat All childre average 6,758 2,528 6,320 12, ,041 3, ,447 5,240 21,277 34,963 1,071 2,517 1, ,896 12, ,035 5,536 22,697 33, , ,859 12, ,487 5,504 22,329 33, , ,105 11, ,964 5,968 22,689 33, , ,682 11, ,779 6,396 20,317 27, , ,068 11, ,461 6,595 20,009 28, , ,658 12, ,470 5,652 18,173 29,107 1,036 1, ,145 11, ,058 5,252 16,467 29, , ,142 10, ,660 5,131 13,896 29, , ,418 9, ,880 4,879 12,654 29, , ,543 9, ,474 5,130 12,488 29, , ,531 9, ,360 4,600 11,121 29, , ,658 9, ,024 4,189 8,502 25, , ,186 8, ,195 3,992 7,338 25, , ,485 7, ,663 3,797 6,882 22, , ,834 6, ,930 4,001 6,666 23, , ,190 7, ,297 3,967 6,615 23, , ,154 7, ,612 3,789 6,208 24, ,097 6, ,026 3,592 6,446 23, ,583 6, ,481 3,312 6,442 21, ,255 6, ,825 3,176 6,908 20, ,545 5, ,498 2,770 7,374 19, ,564 5, ,064 2,678 7,305 19, ,560 4, ,631 2,450 7,500 18, ,407 4, ,933 2,411 7,652 17, ,215 4, ,478 2,308 6,648 16, ,351 3, ,129 2,360 6,508 14, ,155 3, ,051 2,442 6,484 14, ,845 3, ,924 2,564 6,737 12, ,720 3, ,642 2,565 6,049 11, ,572 2, ,045 2,710 5,822 11, ,912 2, ,605 2,771 5,183 9, ,510 2, ,907 3,192 5,609 9, ,023 2, ,979 3,340 5,328 9, ,793 2, ,396 3,252 5,197 8, ,370 1, ,509 3,514 5,628 8, ,582 2,082 Telephoe: Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September

250 RAS30062 Reported childre (aged 0-15) killed or seriously ijured by road user type, Great Britai Other Pedal Car road Age Age Age Age Pedestrias cyclists users users Males Females All average 1, ,984 1, ,469 3, ,794 2,445 1, ,136 4,317 1,464 3,610 2,827 4,557 12, ,318 2,525 1, ,986 4,098 1,351 3,245 2,825 4,666 12, ,982 2,457 1, ,600 4,072 1,286 3,038 2,729 4,621 11, ,140 2,417 1, ,699 4,120 1,345 2,774 2,887 4,813 11, ,167 2,683 1, ,841 3,902 1,403 2,725 2,741 4,874 11, ,319 2,667 1, ,954 4,087 1,435 2,856 2,722 5,028 12, ,131 2,025 1, ,306 3,822 1,429 2,766 2,404 4,530 11, ,459 1,643 1, ,640 3,429 1,290 2,579 2,163 4,039 10, ,887 1,757 1, ,311 3,242 1,277 2,553 1,988 3,735 9, ,897 1,576 1, ,113 3,257 1,339 2,459 2,004 3,569 9, ,836 1,623 1, ,147 3,257 1,342 2,450 2,015 3,598 9, ,914 1,490 1, ,962 3,325 1,363 2,502 2,136 3,286 9, ,097 1,345 1, ,191 2,870 1,211 2,150 1,815 2,885 8, ,901 1,195 1, ,926 2,817 1,141 2,042 1,773 2,788 7, ,231 1,146 1, ,433 2,543 1,010 1,694 1,516 2,756 6, ,610 1,234 1, ,784 2, ,901 1,684 2,947 7, ,400 1,249 1, ,665 2, ,727 1,648 2,910 7, ,132 1,231 1, ,493 2, ,703 1,606 2,849 6, ,954 1,016 1, ,221 2, ,510 1,578 2,538 6, , , ,849 2, ,446 1,446 2,364 6, , , ,621 2, ,384 1,350 2,247 5, , , ,338 1, ,148 1,272 2,182 5, , ,268 1, ,060 1,216 2,181 4, , ,009 1, ,043 2,072 4, , ,699 1, ,850 4, , ,562 1, ,963 3, , ,233 1, ,660 3, , ,107 1, ,636 3, , ,007 1, ,489 3, , , ,298 2, , , ,261 2, , , ,079 2, , , ,009 2, , , , , , , , , ,082 Telephoe: Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September

251 RAS30063 Reported slightly ijured casualties by road user type, Great Britai All Pedal Motorcycle Car road Pedestrias Rate 1 cyclists Rate 2 users Rate 2 users Rate 2 users 3 Rate average 23,206 2,005 13,934 5,036 16,452 5, , , , ,405 6,467 45,878 11, , ,617 1, , ,252 6,087 48,141 10, , ,873 1, , ,802 5,848 46,800 8, , ,735 1, , ,170 5,584 49,242 8, , ,649 1, , ,180 6,099 44,177 8, , ,516 1, , ,344 6,141 43,812 8, , ,656 1, , ,346 5,669 38,419 8, , ,379 1, , ,878 6,154 35,818 8, , ,347 1, , ,063 5,906 31,905 7, , ,055 1, , ,970 6,453 30,182 8, , ,762 1, , ,383 7,223 30,142 8, , ,061 1, , ,822 6,689 27,927 8, , ,483 1, , ,628 6,424 22,249 6, , , , ,777 7,065 19,553 6, , , , ,290 8,149 18,212 7, , , ,765 3,172 20,838 8,350 17,688 7, , ,169 1, ,786 3,058 20,978 8,151 16,909 7, , , ,838 3,145 20,795 8,214 16,925 7, , , ,575 3,286 21,044 8,298 18,046 7, , , ,405 3,064 19,611 7,982 18,168 7, , , ,063 3,057 19,664 7,758 19,284 6, , , ,535 2,995 17,842 6,930 20,838 7, , , ,513 2,914 16,436 6,300 21,505 7, , , ,153 2,649 14,657 5,414 20,853 6, , , ,472 2,447 14,622 5,307 20,759 6, , , ,403 2,321 14,340 5,605 18,993 6, , , ,152 2,268 14,201 5,298 18,316 5, , , ,931 2,027 13,754 4,917 16,842 5, , , ,267 2,066 13,631 5,343 16,722 4, , , ,840 1,896 13,732 4,835 15,501 4, , , ,842 1,771 14,354 4,839 14,881 4, , , ,240 1,829 14,414 4,799 13,503 4, , , ,291 1,779 16,023 5,219 14,541 5, , , ,239 1,722 15,751 5,067 13,982 4, , , ,637 1,599 16,186 5,173 13,555 5, , , ,239 1,692 17,773 5,474 14,738 5, , , Rate per billio miles walked, based o Eglad oly residet sample. Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Travel Survey, 2 Rate per billio vehicle miles. DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey 3 Icludes other vehicles. 4 Rate per billio vehicle miles (excludig distace walked). The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

252 RAS30064 Reported pedestria casualties by age, Great Britai Number/rate per millio populatio Childre (0-15) Adults (16-59) Adults (60+) All 1 Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All KSI Slight All average 57 1,843 7,607 9, ,995 11,955 15, ,183 2,800 4, ,145 23,206 29, ,398 20,167 27, ,646 17,825 25,177 1,015 4,167 6,593 11,775 2,118 18,329 46,267 66, ,989 19,209 26, ,971 16,707 23,282 1,005 3,999 6,753 11,757 1,941 17,094 44,264 63, ,641 18,375 25, ,941 15,948 22, ,912 6,334 11,193 1,874 16,613 42,263 60, ,811 18,311 25, ,222 16,721 23, ,975 6,412 11,274 1,869 17,095 42,458 61, ,771 18,507 25, ,155 17,079 23, ,836 6,436 11,168 1,914 16,865 42,895 61, ,962 19,141 26, ,534 17,494 24, ,955 6,458 11,292 1,868 17,593 44,013 63, ,808 17,889 25, ,778 17,099 24, ,866 6,060 10,795 1,789 17,681 41,920 61, ,180 16,937 23, ,904 17,741 25, ,949 6,212 11,063 1,841 17,217 41,819 60, ,623 15,620 21, ,626 17,526 24, ,502 5,925 10,280 1,703 15,957 39,793 57, ,615 15,942 21, ,690 17,951 25, ,637 6,276 10,778 1,753 16,127 40,963 58, ,582 16,318 22, ,422 18,884 25, ,599 6,476 10,917 1,706 15,768 42,606 60, ,672 16,946 22, ,377 18,649 25, ,417 6,441 10,697 1,694 15,666 42,870 60, ,872 15,611 20, ,387 16,633 22, ,083 5,863 9,700 1,496 13,528 39,006 54, ,721 15,223 20, ,166 15,880 21, ,796 5,349 8,823 1,347 12,848 37,417 51, ,066 14,019 18, ,597 15,295 20, ,591 5,195 8,418 1,241 11,422 35,465 48, ,450 14,653 19, ,666 15,106 20, ,495 4,909 7,930 1,124 11,806 35,765 48, ,268 14,190 18, ,516 14,931 19, ,303 4,531 7,345 1,038 11,259 34,786 47, ,001 14,378 18, ,338 15,170 19, ,104 4,357 6, ,615 34,838 46, ,816 14,453 18, ,140 14,911 19, ,950 4,387 6, ,053 34,575 45, ,634 14,234 17, ,930 14,962 19, ,859 4,273 6, ,575 34,405 44, ,350 13,419 16, ,760 14,598 18, ,701 3,987 6, ,955 33,063 42, ,119 12,958 16, ,700 14,565 18, ,662 3,804 5, ,641 32,535 42, ,037 12,675 15, ,504 14,104 17, ,529 3,614 5, ,238 31,513 40, ,749 11,403 14, ,562 14,094 18, ,394 3,520 5, ,856 30,153 38, ,307 10,163 12, ,425 13,672 17, ,302 3,437 5, ,159 28,472 36, ,262 9,895 12, ,203 13,256 16, ,213 3,143 4, ,807 27,403 34, ,071 9,116 11, ,082 12,877 16, ,161 3,001 4, ,458 26,152 33, ,954 8,106 10, ,121 12,060 15, ,171 2,820 4, ,376 23,931 30, ,842 7,628 9, ,093 11,965 15, ,222 2,811 4, ,278 23,267 30, ,727 6,864 8, ,003 11,557 14, ,206 2,732 4, ,070 21,840 28, ,623 6,323 7, ,678 11,317 14, ,154 2,636 3, ,545 20,842 26, ,620 6,283 7, ,475 11,019 13, ,020 2,427 3, ,200 20,240 25, ,569 6,205 7, ,661 10,992 13, ,146 2,583 3, ,454 20,291 26, ,525 5,454 6, ,790 10,730 13, ,184 2,585 3, ,559 19,239 25, ,332 5,038 6, ,501 10,622 13, ,096 2,534 3, ,998 18,637 24, ,350 5,102 6, ,401 10,989 13, ,256 2,680 4, ,063 19,239 24, Icludes cases where age ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19, ONS The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 Rate 252

253 RAS30065 Reported pedal cycle casualties by age, Great Britai, Number/rate per billio miles Childre (0-15) Adults (16-59) Adults (60+) All 1 Casualty rate 2 Pedal cycle Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All Killed Serious Slight All KSI Slight All traffic average ,153 3, ,685 9,586 11, ,398 13,934 16, ,329 8,765 11, ,112 8,276 10, ,005 1, ,920 18,405 23, ,425 8,740 11, ,330 9,120 11, ,032 1, ,234 19,252 24, ,353 8,676 11, ,424 9,733 12, ,030 1, ,194 19,802 25, ,324 8,967 11, ,847 11,792 14, ,086 1, ,674 22,170 28, ,581 9,944 12, ,041 12,733 15, ,155 1, ,073 24,180 30, ,557 9,782 12, ,204 13,086 16, ,137 1, ,250 24,344 30, ,946 7,641 9, ,968 12,324 15, ,051 1, ,366 21,346 26, ,585 6,986 8, ,933 12,547 15, ,033 1, ,981 20,878 26, ,678 7,253 9, ,772 12,499 15, ,025 1, ,851 21,063 26, ,514 7,040 8, ,703 12,578 15, ,072 1, ,652 20,970 25, ,550 7,704 9, ,853 14,059 17, ,213 1, ,836 23,383 28, ,431 7,230 8, ,530 13,036 15, ,200 1, ,344 21,822 26, ,295 6,837 8, ,260 12,347 14, ,054 1, ,947 20,628 24, ,147 6,530 7, ,277 12,728 15, ,008 1, ,788 20,777 24, ,109 6,240 7, ,163 12,610 14, , ,611 20,290 24, ,192 6,841 8, ,284 12,523 14, , ,829 20,838 24, ,201 6,884 8, ,237 12,635 14, , ,754 20,978 24, ,177 6,986 8, ,097 12,387 14, , ,586 20,795 24, ,883 7, ,095 12,730 14, , ,409 21,044 24, ,015 6, ,992 12,098 14, , ,154 19,611 22, ,340 7, ,814 11,807 13, , ,004 19,664 22, ,502 6, ,668 10,869 12, , ,643 17,842 20, ,777 5, ,632 10,209 11, , ,540 16,436 19, ,215 4, ,503 9,182 10, ,320 14,657 17, ,174 4, ,473 9,169 10, ,297 14,622 17, ,105 4, ,399 8,969 10, ,174 14,340 16, ,759 4, ,465 9,137 10, ,212 14,201 16, ,262 3, ,576 9,296 10, ,296 13,754 16, ,111 3, ,683 9,330 11, ,428 13,631 16,195 1,005 5,343 6, ,889 3, ,802 9,726 11, ,450 13,732 16, ,835 5, ,746 3, ,898 10,441 12, , ,606 14,354 17, ,839 5, ,430 2, ,986 10,944 13, ,660 14,414 17, ,799 5, ,483 2, ,383 12,396 14, , ,085 16,023 19,215 1,040 5,219 6, ,874 2, ,580 12,634 15, , ,222 15,751 19,091 1,074 5,067 6, ,676 1, ,531 13,344 15, , ,143 16,186 19,438 1,039 5,173 6, ,726 2, ,753 14,736 17, , ,401 17,773 21,287 1,082 5,474 6, Icludes cases where age ot reported. Source: DfT STATS19, ONS 2 Rate per billio vehicle miles. Revised rates from The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 3 Billio vehicle miles. Revised traffic from Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

254 RAS30066 Reported motorcycle user casualties, Great Britai, Casualty rate 1 All Motorcycle Killed Serious Slight Total KSI Slight severities traffic average 544 5,776 16,452 22,772 1,951 5,079 7, ,160 20,117 45,878 67,155 5,359 11,555 16, ,163 21,534 48,141 70,838 4,762 10,101 14, ,131 21,198 46,800 69,129 4,051 8,491 12, ,091 21,598 49,242 71,931 3,960 8,595 12, ,354 44,177 64,494 3,954 8,597 12, ,042 43,812 63,821 3,971 8,694 12, ,377 38,419 56,592 3,968 8,389 12, ,705 35,818 52,285 3,748 8,153 11, ,173 31,905 45,801 3,333 7,652 10, ,984 30,182 42,836 3,377 8,055 11, ,805 30,142 42,630 3,381 8,161 11, ,462 27,927 39,048 3,214 8,070 11, ,954 22,249 30,751 2,536 6,637 9, ,869 19,553 26,891 2,609 6,951 9, ,455 18,212 25,094 2,941 7,782 10, ,222 17,688 24,354 2,842 7,540 10, ,170 16,909 23,524 2,839 7,257 10, ,768 16,925 23,133 2,657 7,245 9, ,937 18,046 24,492 2,619 7,331 9, ,944 18,168 24,610 2,523 7,116 9, ,361 19,284 26,192 2,473 6,904 9, ,769 20,838 28,212 2,595 7,333 9, ,722 21,505 28,810 2,453 7,220 9, ,891 20,853 28,353 2,393 6,655 9, ,959 20,759 28,411 2,218 6,018 8, ,063 18,993 25,641 2,101 6,003 8, ,939 18,316 24,824 1,959 5,513 7, ,885 16,842 23,326 2,042 5,305 7, ,149 16,722 23,459 1,983 4,921 6, ,556 15,501 21,550 1,935 4,959 6, ,350 14,881 20,703 1,833 4,684 6, ,780 13,503 18,686 1,814 4,727 6, ,247 14,541 20,150 1,945 5,041 6, ,000 13,982 19,310 1,884 4,944 6, ,866 13,555 18,752 1,932 5,040 6, ,289 14,738 20,366 2,031 5,318 7, Rate per billio vehicle miles. Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey 2 Billio vehicle miles. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

255 RAS30067 Reported car user casualties, Great Britai, Drivers Passegers All Casualty rate 2 Car Killed Serious Slight Total Killed Serious Slight Total Killed Serious Slight Total KSI Slight All traffic average 936 7,588 99, , ,989 48,021 52,481 1,407 11, , , ,479 18,491 62,666 82, ,043 51,882 66,875 2,429 32, , , ,339 17,593 60,861 79, ,370 49,415 63,724 2,278 30, , , ,346 17,803 61,930 81, ,535 50,762 65,238 2,287 31, , , ,472 17,990 64,811 84, ,554 51,106 65,631 2,443 31, , , ,198 14,274 57,667 73, ,753 45,712 57,286 2,019 25, , , ,237 15,293 64,400 80, ,525 50,227 62,694 2,179 26, , , ,253 15,469 67,480 84, ,577 52,865 65,250 2,061 27, , , ,340 15,794 74,038 91, ,663 55,478 68,034 2,233 27, , , ,327 15,840 74,843 92, ,040 55,539 67,458 2,206 26, , , ,280 16,296 82,011 99, ,908 59,348 71,118 2,142 27, , , ,498 16,336 91, , ,922 63,659 75,509 2,426 27, , , ,432 15,971 95, , ,778 65,993 77,710 2,371 26, , , ,261 14,369 93, , ,973 60,966 70,731 2,053 23, , , ,228 14,178 97, , ,968 62,592 72,310 1,978 23, , , ,099 13, , , ,892 63,540 72,093 1,760 21, , , ,102 13, , , ,353 64,806 73,821 1,764 22, , , ,086 13, , , ,241 64,500 73,404 1,749 21, , , ,146 13, , , ,373 67,381 76,414 1,806 22, , , ,171 13, , , ,686 69,013 77,323 1,795 21, , , ,134 12, , , ,273 67,850 75,685 1,696 19, , , ,082 11, , , ,768 66,295 73,668 1,687 18, , , ,087 11, , , ,446 65,847 72,871 1,665 18, , , ,164 11, , , ,284 63,615 70,484 1,749 17, , , ,146 10, , , ,097 61,703 68,401 1,747 16, , , ,169 9, , , ,651 58,305 64,556 1,769 15, , , ,106 9, , , ,177 56,071 61,813 1,671 14, , , ,109 8, , , ,554 53,615 58,735 1,675 12, , , ,066 8, , , ,403 51,048 55,997 1,612 12, , , , , , ,998 47,845 52,333 1,432 11, , , ,106 92, , ,605 44,235 48,236 1,257 10, , , ,670 88,937 96, ,383 43,363 47,105 1,059 10, , , ,932 83,281 89, ,982 40,175 43, , , , ,594 78,133 84, ,748 37,566 40, , , , ,487 74,812 80, ,745 35,863 38, , , , ,144 69,369 75, ,497 31,992 34, , , , ,486 72,629 78, ,549 34,069 36, , , , Billio vehicle miles. Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey 2 Rate per billio vehicle miles. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

256 RAS30068 Reported other road user casualties by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, Bus or Coach Va / Light goods vehicle Heavy goods vehicle Casuaty Casuaty Casuaty Killed Serious Slight Total rate 1 Traffic 2 Killed Serious Slight Total rate 1 Traffic 2 Killed Serious Slight Total rate 1 Traffic average ,690 7,100 2, ,890 5, ,946 2, ,037 10,073 11,144 5, ,359 8,203 10, ,116 4, ,469 10,421 4, ,103 7,123 9, ,381 3, ,925 9,886 4, ,005 6,965 9, ,299 3, ,987 9,949 4, ,937 6,591 8, ,266 3, ,382 10,351 4, ,447 5,372 6, ,223 2, ,544 10,473 4, ,449 5,872 7, ,364 3, ,004 9,215 10,251 4, ,571 6,703 8, ,544 3, ,659 9,518 4, ,626 7,208 8, ,550 3, ,262 9,088 3, ,699 7,032 8, ,707 3, ,609 9,501 3, ,699 7,824 9, ,878 3, ,365 10,200 3, ,683 8,274 10, ,217 4, ,147 9,954 3, ,498 8,101 9, ,072 3, ,150 8,875 2, ,308 7,246 8, ,908 3, ,448 9,103 3, ,191 6,821 8, ,667 3, ,582 9,307 3, ,338 7, ,698 3, ,275 10,090 3, ,037 6,457 7, ,799 3, ,442 9,278 3, ,037 6,094 7, ,696 3, ,650 9,345 3, ,226 7, ,690 3, ,838 9,439 2, ,548 7, ,729 3, ,208 9,839 3, ,723 7, ,884 3, ,641 10,252 3, ,257 7, ,944 3, ,510 10,088 3, ,194 7, ,026 3, ,322 9,884 3, ,493 7, ,888 3, ,454 9,005 2, ,227 7, ,654 3, ,568 9,068 2, ,132 6, ,632 3, ,332 8,820 2, ,535 6, ,477 2, ,557 7,920 2, ,461 6, ,448 2, ,827 7,253 2, ,350 5, ,147 2, ,624 7,079 2, ,846 5, ,113 2, ,497 6,929 2, ,468 4, ,690 1, ,947 6,317 2, ,326 4, ,330 1, ,867 6,268 2, ,135 4, ,366 1, ,845 6,177 2, ,159 4, ,220 1, ,911 5,234 1, ,170 4, ,141 1, ,531 4,873 1, ,055 4, ,128 1, ,898 5,198 1, ,515 4, ,177 1, Rate per billio vehicle miles. Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey 2 Billio vehicle miles. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

257 RAS30069 Reported casualties by time of accidet ad severity, Great Britai, Number of casualties Pedestrias Killed KSI 1 7,478 7,129 7,051 6,924 6,642 6,045 5,605 5,907 5,979 5,396 5,509 All severities 34,881 33,281 30,982 30,191 28,482 26,887 25,845 26,198 25,218 24,033 24,748 of which, childre 2 Killed KSI 2,339 2,134 2,025 1,899 1,784 1,660 1,646 1,602 1,545 1,358 1,379 All severities 12,234 11,250 10,131 9,527 8,648 7,983 7,929 7,807 6,999 6,396 6,481 Pedal cyclists Killed KSI 2,308 2,360 2,442 2,564 2,565 2,710 2,771 3,192 3,340 3,252 3,514 All severities 16,648 16,561 16,196 16,195 16,297 17,064 17,185 19,215 19,091 19,438 21,287 of which, childre Killed KSI All severities 4,682 4,286 3,765 3,633 3,306 3,204 2,828 2,881 2,198 1,958 2,005 Motorcyclists users 3 Killed KSI 2,301 6,508 6,484 6,737 6,049 5,822 5,183 5,609 5,328 5,197 5,628 All severities 11,885 24,824 23,326 23,459 21,550 20,703 18,686 20,150 19,310 18,752 20,366 Car occupats Killed 8 1,675 1,612 1,432 1,257 1, KSI 99 14,617 14,254 12,967 11,968 11,112 9,749 9,225 9,033 8,426 8,832 All severities 1, , , , , , , , , , ,530 Bus ad coach occupats Killed KSI All severities 8,820 7,920 7,253 7,079 6,929 6,317 6,268 6,177 5,234 4,873 5,198 Va occupats Killed KSI All severities 6,166 6,048 5,914 5,340 4,913 4,743 4,494 4,499 4,533 4,426 4,915 HGV occupats Killed KSI All severities 2,883 2,843 2,530 2,476 1,930 1,519 1,578 1,415 1,339 1,296 1,353 All road users 4 Killed 3,221 3,201 3,172 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 KSI 34,351 32,155 31,845 30,720 28,572 26,912 24,510 25,023 24,793 23,370 24,582 All severities 280, , , , , , , , , , , Killed ad seriously ijured. 2. Casualties aged The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 3. Icludes mopeds ad scooters. 4. Icludes other motor or o-motor vehicle users, ad ukow road user type ad casualty age. Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios 257

258 Table RAS30070 Relative risk of differet forms of trasport, Great Britai: 2014 Casualty rate per billio vehicle miles Killed Killed or seriously ijured Car driver 2 25 Pedal cyclist 35 1,080 Pedestria Motorcycle rider 117 1, Natioal Travel Survey data used to calculate 2014 pedestria rates. NTS data based o Eglad oly residet sample. Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 258

259 Table RAS30071 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI 1 rates by type of rider/driver, Great Britai: 2000 to 2014 KSI per billio vehicle miles Year Motorcycle riders Pedal cyclists Car drivers ,428 1, ,311 1, , , , , , , , , , ,868 1, ,805 1, ,853 1, ,940 1, Killed or Seriously ijured Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 259

260 Table RAS30072 Reported motorcyclist casualties: Ijuries by type of vehicle ad age of casualty, Great Britai: 2014 Motorcycle 50cc ad Motorcycle 51- uder 500cc Killed or seriously ijured Motorcycle over 500cc All motorcycles 1 Motorcycle 50cc ad Motorcycle 51- uder 500cc Slight ijury Motorcycle over 500cc All motorcycles 1 Uder , , , ,214 1,015 4, , , ,127 2, , ad over Total (ic. age ukow) 411 2,412 2,744 5,628 1,919 8,177 4,523 14,738 1 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases egie size was ot reported. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

261 Table RAS30073 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by age ad sex, Great Britai: 2000 to 2014 Number Uder to to 29 1,168 1, to 34 1,233 1,199 1,126 1, to 39 1,060 1,035 1,090 1, to 49 1,044 1,111 1,267 1,399 1,173 1,249 1,328 1,395 1,357 1,333 1,206 1,271 1,073 1, to to ad over Male 6,705 6,651 6,835 6,959 6,068 6,000 5,964 6,150 5,508 5,333 4,748 5,169 4,881 4,770 5,152 Female All age groups (ic. age & geder ukow) 7,374 7,305 7,500 7,652 6,648 6,508 6,484 6,737 6,049 5,822 5,183 5,609 5,328 5,197 5,628 Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 261

262 Table RAS30074 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by road class, Great Britai: 2000 to 2014 Number Urba roads 1 : A roads 1,872 1,887 1,918 1,860 1,655 1,495 1,538 1,578 1,415 1,329 1,198 1,364 1,309 1,269 1,324 B roads Other roads 1,394 1,449 1,497 1,518 1,423 1,444 1,412 1,453 1,296 1,133 1,034 1,121 1,157 1,086 1,153 All urba roads 3,695 3,786 3,857 3,822 3,475 3,313 3,352 3,431 3,086 2,815 2,516 2,828 2,818 2,696 2,848 Rural roads 1 : A roads 1,999 1,968 1,982 2,134 1,705 1,734 1,744 1,826 1,556 1,640 1,497 1,552 1,377 1,423 1,553 B roads Other roads All rural roads 3,478 3,348 3,476 3,659 3,055 3,035 2,982 3,150 2,826 2,891 2,539 2,657 2,409 2,409 2,683 Total 2 : Motorways A roads 3,903 3,868 3,904 3,998 3,360 3,230 3,282 3,405 2,972 2,969 2,695 2,916 2,686 2,692 2,877 B roads 1,112 1,112 1,087 1,154 1, Other roads 2,210 2,186 2,349 2,336 2,149 2,174 2,084 2,181 2,018 1,820 1,590 1,721 1,717 1,611 1, Excludig motorways 2. Icludes cases where area type was ot reported Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 262

263 Table RAS30075 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by day of week (idexed), Great Britai: 2014 Idex: average day=100 Motorcyclists All road users Mo - Thur Friday Saturday Suday Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 25 September 2014 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Table RAS30076 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI by time of day (idexed), Great Britai: 2014 Idex: Average hour=100 Motorcyclists All road users Midight - 6am am - Midday Midday - 6pm pm - Midight Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 Spetember 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 263

264 Table RAS30077 Reported motorcyclist casualties: KSI umber ad rate by moth of year (idexed), Great Britai: 2014 Idex: Mea=100 KSI umber KSI rate 1 Ja Feb Mar Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec per billio vehicle miles travelled Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 264

265 Table RAS30078 Reported motorcyclist casualties by severity, type of accidet ad other party ivolved i accidet with the motorcycle, Great Britai: 2014 Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Motorcyclist casualties Motorcycle cc Motorcycle over 500cc Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Motorcyclist KSI Motorcycle cc Number Motorcycle over 500cc Sigle vehicle accidets Ivolvig pedestria casualties No pedestria casualties 413 1,650 1, Two vehicle accidets ivolvig: Pedal cycle Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Motorcycle cc Motorcycle over 500cc Car 1,563 6,979 4, ,423 1,370 Bus or Coach LGV HGV Other vehicle Accidets ivolvig three or more vehicles All accidets 2,330 10,589 7, ,412 2,744 Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 265

266 RAS30080 Reported weather-adjusted fatalities 1 by road user type, Great Britai Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Motorcycle rider/passeger Car occupat 2 Other 3 All road users Weatheradjusted Weather- Weather- Weather- Weather- Published Published adjusted Published adjusted Published adjusted Published Published adjusted ,496 1, ,053 2, ,568 4, ,347 1, ,978 1, ,229 4, ,241 1, ,760 1, ,814 3, ,124 1, ,764 1, ,650 3, ,038 1, ,749 1, ,621 3, , ,806 1, ,598 3, ,795 1, ,599 3, ,696 1, ,421 3, ,687 1, ,423 3, ,665 1, ,409 3, ,749 1, ,450 3, ,747 1, ,431 3, ,769 1, ,508 3, ,671 1, ,221 3, ,675 1, ,201 3, ,612 1, ,172 3, ,432 1, ,946 2, ,257 1, ,538 2, ,059 1, ,222 2, ,850 1, ,901 1, ,754 1, ,713 1, ,775 1,732 Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 Last updated: 24 September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Next update: September The temperature ad raifall adjusted road fatalities series ca be iterpreted as the umber of road fatalities we would have expected each year had the temperature ad raifall i each moth of each year bee at the log term average. 2. No statistically sigificat raifall or temperature effects were foud for car occupat fatalities so the weather-adjusted figures are uchaged. 3. Other cosists maily of bus or coach, light goods vehicles ad heavy goods vehicles. Weather-adjusted figures have ot bee produced for this group. 4. Details o the methodology used to produce weather-adjusted road casualty figures ca be foud at: 266

267 RAS30080 Reported weather-adjusted seriously ijured casualties 1 by road user type, Great Britai Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Motorcycle rider/passeger Car occupat Other 2 All road users Weatheradjusted Weather- Weather- Weather- Weather- Published Published adjusted Published adjusted Published adjusted Published Published adjusted ,528 13,511 3,947 3,994 7,954 7,914 23,342 23,287 2,847 51,618 51, ,848 12,882 3,788 3,770 6,869 6,928 23,146 22,933 2,605 49,256 49, ,422 11,404 3,611 3,672 6,455 6,465 21,073 21,154 2,459 45,020 45, ,806 11,707 3,829 3,825 6,222 6,234 22,128 22,118 2,555 46,540 46, ,259 11,297 3,754 3,721 6,170 6,026 21,712 22,162 2,638 45,533 45, ,615 10,824 3,586 3,667 5,768 5,754 22,242 22,516 2,288 44,499 45, ,053 10,019 3,409 3,344 5,937 5,733 21,396 21,369 2,189 42,984 42, ,575 9,481 3,154 3,107 5,944 5,977 19,980 19,748 2,181 40,834 40, ,955 8,895 3,004 2,972 6,361 6,296 18,681 18,621 2,121 39,122 38, ,641 8,585 2,643 2,645 6,769 6,782 18,054 17,860 2,048 38,155 37, ,238 8,307 2,540 2,596 6,722 6,754 17,675 17,747 1,935 37,110 37, ,856 7,749 2,320 2,277 6,891 6,809 16,981 16,911 1,928 35,976 35, ,159 7,148 2,297 2,224 6,959 6,720 15,522 15,674 1,770 33,707 33, ,807 6,744 2,174 2,135 6,063 6,073 14,473 14,336 1,613 31,130 30, ,458 6,447 2,212 2,168 5,939 5,846 12,942 12,940 1,403 28,954 28, ,376 6,403 2,296 2,219 5,885 5,882 12,642 12,607 1,474 28,673 28, ,278 6,218 2,428 2,359 6,149 6,084 11,535 11,468 1,384 27,774 27, ,070 6,022 2,450 2,428 5,556 5,697 10,711 10,652 1,247 26,034 26, ,545 5,579 2,606 2,602 5,350 5,360 10,053 9,961 1,136 24,690 24, ,200 5,324 2,660 2,679 4,780 4,867 8,914 9,003 1,106 22,660 22, ,454 5,425 3,085 3,049 5,247 5,043 8,342 8, ,122 22, ,559 5,545 3,222 3,257 5,000 5,195 8,232 8,041 1,026 23,039 23, ,998 5,022 3,143 3,148 4,866 4,924 7,641 7,696 1,009 21,657 21, ,063 4,964 3,401 3,271 5,289 5,074 8,035 8,065 1,019 22,807 22,393 Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 Last updated: 24 September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Next update: September The temperature ad raifall adjusted seriously ijured casualties series ca be iterpreted as the umber of seriously ijured casualties we would have expected each year had the temperature ad raifall i each moth of each year bee at the log term average. 2. Other cosists maily of bus or coach, light goods vehicles ad heavy goods vehicles. Weather-adjusted figures have ot bee produced for this group. 3. Details o the methodology used to produce weather-adjusted road casualty figures ca be foud at: 267

268 RAS30080 Reported weather-adjusted slightly ijured casualties 1 by road user type, Great Britai Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Motorcycle rider/passeger Car occupat Other 2 All road users Weatheradjusted Weather- Weather- Weather- Weather- Published Published adjusted Published adjusted Published adjusted Published Published adjusted ,006 39,061 20,628 20,806 22,249 22, , ,471 19, , , ,417 37,483 20,777 20,667 19,553 19, , ,631 18, , , ,465 35,254 20,290 20,470 18,212 18, , ,716 18, , , ,765 35,574 20,838 20,770 17,688 17, , ,614 19, , , ,786 34,837 20,978 20,599 16,909 16, , ,566 18, , , ,838 35,120 20,795 21,269 16,925 17, , ,225 18, , , ,575 34,740 21,044 20,690 18,046 17, , ,271 19, , , ,405 34,342 19,611 19,499 18,168 18, , ,737 19, , , ,063 32,786 19,664 19,216 19,284 19, , ,955 20, , , ,535 32,386 17,842 17,571 20,838 20, , ,426 20, , , ,513 31,841 16,436 16,648 21,505 21, , ,871 19, , , ,153 30,028 14,657 14,200 20,853 20, , ,266 18, , , ,472 28,439 14,622 13,836 20,759 20, , ,473 18, , , ,403 27,410 14,340 13,969 18,993 18, , ,886 18, , , ,152 26,201 14,201 13,791 18,316 18, , ,062 16, , , ,931 23,968 13,754 13,074 16,842 16, , ,376 15, , , ,267 23,195 13,631 13,331 16,722 16, , ,696 14, , , ,840 21,770 13,732 13,655 15,501 15, , ,391 14, , , ,842 20,702 14,354 14,289 14,881 14, , ,451 12, , , ,240 20,536 14,414 14,991 13,503 13, , ,018 12, , , ,291 20,249 16,023 15,589 14,541 14, , ,598 12, , , ,239 19,016 15,751 16,066 13,982 13, , ,241 11, , , ,637 18,676 16,186 16,316 13,555 13, , ,312 10, , , ,239 18,977 17,773 16,989 14,738 14, , ,659 11, , ,498 Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Source: DfT STATS19 Last updated: 24 September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Next update: September The temperature ad raifall adjusted slightly ijured casualties series ca be iterpreted as the umber of slightly ijured casualties we would have expected each year had the temperature ad raifall i each moth of each year bee at the log term average. 2. Other cosists maily of bus or coach, light goods vehicles ad heavy goods vehicles. Weather-adjusted figures have ot bee produced for this group. 3. Details o the methodology used to produce weather-adjusted road casualty figures ca be foud at: 268

269 RAS30081 Reported road casualties o the 2010 strategic road etwork by road class ad severity Eglad ad compariso of 2014 with average ad 2013 Number of casualties percetage percetage chage chage Road Class average o avg o 2013 Motorway Killed Seriously ijured Killed or seriously ijured 1, Slightly ijured 10,187 7,556 7,154 7, All casualties 11,200 8,211 7,837 8, A Road Killed Seriously ijured 1, , Killed or seriously ijured 1,308 1,041 1,025 1, Slightly ijured 9,195 7,421 7,226 7, All casualties 10,503 8,462 8,251 8, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 269

270 270

271 RAS40 Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties 271

272 272

273 RAS40001 Reported accidets ad casualties, populatio, vehicle populatio, idex of vehicle mileage, by road user type ad severity, Great Britai, Idex of vehicle traffic 1 Reported casualties from road accidets Motor 1949=100 Killed Ijured severities vehicles curretly Year Populatio licesed Motor All Accidets Pedest- Pedal M'cycle (millios) (m'ls) traffic traffic ('000s) rias cyclists 2 users 2 Others 3 All ('000s) ('000s) , , , ,073 1,400 1, , ,724 1,363 1,270 1,252 8, , ,183 5, , , , , ,362 1,169 5, , ,743 1,840 6, , ,244 3,060 7, , ,440 7, , ,906 6, , ,163 2,547 5, , ,294 5, , ,511 5, , ,419 5, , ,402 5, , ,690 5, , ,608 5, , ,282 4, , ,209 4, , ,960 3, , ,910 3, , ,925 3, ,958 3, ,934 3, ,859 3, , ,834 3, , ,820 3, , ,903 3, , ,917 3, , ,927 3, , ,831 3, , ,813 3, , ,752 3, , ,576 2, , ,358 2, , ,146 2, , , , , , , , , , , Note: Road accidet ad casualty data was first collected o a atioal level i That year there were 4,886 recorded deaths i some 124,000 accidets. The highest record road death figure was 9,196 i 1941, the highest post WW2 fatality figure was 7,985 i Traffic estimates for 1995 owards have bee produced o a ew, more accurate basis ad are ot directly comparable with earlier data. 2 Betwee 1937 ad 1977 the figures excluded sidecar passegers ad secod riders of tadems. 3 Icludes cases where road user type was ot reported. 4 Casualty data has bee revised. 5 Populatio figures have bee revised by ONS so there is a break i the series at this poit. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey, DVLA/DfT, ONS mid-year populatio estimates [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics All 273

274 RAS40002 Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties by severity, road class, built-up ad o built-up roads, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets/vehicles/casualties Casualties ivolved, by severity Accidets Vehicles Killed Seriously Slightly All ivolved ijured ijured severities Motorways Fatal Serious 595 1, ,176 Slight 4,950 11, ,850 7,850 All severities 5,630 12, ,391 9,205 Built-up A roads Fatal Serious 5,721 9, ,021 1,441 7,462 Slight 42,378 80, ,492 54,492 All severities 48,438 90, ,084 56,003 62,439 Built-up other roads 1 Fatal Serious 8,534 13, ,889 1,768 10,657 Slight 52,912 94, ,833 65,833 All severities 61, , ,968 67,723 77,122 All built-up roads 2 Fatal 752 1, ,117 Serious 14,255 23, ,910 3,209 18,119 Slight 95, , , ,325 All severities 110, , , , ,561 No built-up A roads Fatal 578 1, ,184 Serious 3,575 6, ,177 1,939 6,116 Slight 15,237 30, ,383 22,383 All severities 19,390 38, ,440 24,601 29,683 No built-up other roads 1 Fatal Serious 2,251 3, ,527 1,086 3,613 Slight 8,511 14, ,997 11,997 All severities 11,005 18, ,597 13,177 16,028 All o built-up roads 2 Fatal 821 1, ,602 Serious 5,826 10, ,704 3,025 9,729 Slight 23,748 44, ,380 34,380 All severities 30,395 56, ,037 37,778 45,711 All speed limits 3 Fatal 1,658 2,902 1, ,898 Serious 20,676 35, ,299 6,725 29,024 Slight 123, , , ,555 All severities 146, ,527 1,775 22, , ,477 1 B roads, C roads ad uclassified roads: excludes cases where road class was ot reported. 2 Excludes motorways. 3 Icludes cases where speed limit was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 274

275 RAS40003 Reported accidets ad casualties by severity, road type ad speed limit, Great Britai, 2014 Number of accidets/casualties Accidets Casualties Seriously Slightly Fatal Serious Slight All Killed ijured ijured All Roudabout Speed limit 20 mph mph ,953 6, ,314 7, mph ,399 1, ,800 1, mph mph , ,272 1, mph All limits ,048 9,263 10, ,085 11,648 12,752 Oe way street Speed limit 20 mph mph ,201 2, ,629 3, mph mph mph All limits ,506 2, ,985 3,437 Sigle carriageway Speed limit 20 mph ,447 2, ,955 3, mph ,206 68,645 79, ,712 87,963 99, mph 88 1,215 5,520 6, ,363 8,487 9, mph ,457 3, ,163 5, mph 563 3,820 13,459 17, ,697 21,767 27,084 All limits 2 1,299 16,360 92, ,187 1,383 18, , ,786 Slip road Speed limit 20 mph mph mph mph mph mph All limits ,385 1, ,984 2,153 Dual carriageway Speed limit 20 mph mph ,014 5, ,808 7, mph ,927 3, ,361 4, mph ,635 1, ,510 2, mph ,057 1, mph 183 1,203 7,558 8, ,431 12,616 14,247 All limits ,640 17,878 20, ,996 27,431 30,757 All roads 3 Speed limit 20 mph ,898 3, ,473 4, mph ,934 82,474 94, , , , mph 137 1,833 10,047 12, ,033 14,916 17, mph ,712 5, ,146 7,527 8, mph 586 4,124 15,306 20, ,032 24,395 30, mph 191 1,335 8,551 10, ,572 14,060 15,840 All limits 2 1,658 20, , ,322 1,775 22, , ,477 1 Icludes residetial 20 mph zoes plus areas where by-laws restrict the speed limit to 20mph. 2 Icludes ukow ad other speed limits. 3 Icludes ukow ad other road types. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 275

276 RAS40004 Reported accidets, vehicle user ad pedestria casualties by area type ad combiatio of vehicles ivolved, Great Britai, 2014 Accidets/Casualties Sigle vehicle Two vehicle accidets by vehicle type B All All accidets accidets Urba areas No With M'cycle M'cycle Bus Va / Heavy Ay All two with three with pedes- pedes- Pedal 50cc over or Light goods other vehicle or more vehs of Vehicle A tria tria cycle & uder 50cc 1 Car coach goods vehicle vehicle accidets 2 vehicles type `A' Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig , , , ,674 User casualties , , , ,293 of which: killed seriously ijured , , ,409 Pedestrias hit by cycles of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Accidets ivolvig , , ,942 User casualties , , ,811 of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by m/cs to 50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle over 50cc 1 Accidets ivolvig 1, , , ,384 User casualties 1, , , ,764 of which: killed seriously ijured , , ,463 Ped's hit by m/cs +50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig 3,819 16,223 14,133 1,321 8,275 26,512 1,335 3,023 1, ,316 7,693 84,051 User casualties 4, , ,890 1, ,906 11,300 61,288 of which: killed seriously ijured , , ,672 Pedestrias hit by cars 0 16, ,766 of which: killed seriously ijured 0 3, ,496 Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig 2, , , ,261 User casualties 2, , , ,187 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by buses ,003 of which: killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig 143 1,141 1, , ,423 1,294 8,001 User casualties , , ,137 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by vas 0 1, ,238 of which: killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig , , ,412 User casualties of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by HGVs of which: killed seriously ijured Ay other vehicle A Accidets ivolvig ,217 User casualties of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by these vehs of which: killed seriously ijured All vehicles 2 Accidets ivolvig 8,105 20,001 16,285 1,514 9,747 56,316 2,030 5,423 1, ,407 7,774 96,287 All vehicle user casualties 9, ,530 1,589 10,426 71,453 2,942 6,629 2, ,998 13,212 99,334 of which: killed seriously ijured 1, , ,908 5, , ,285 Pedestria casualties 0 20, , , ,845 of which: killed seriously ijured 0 4, ,301 1 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 276

277 RAS40004 Reported accidets, vehicle user ad pedestria casualties by area type ad combiatio of vehicles ivolved, Great Britai, 2014 Accidets/Casualties Sigle vehicle Two vehicle accidets by vehicle type B All All accidets accidets Rural areas No With M'cycle M'cycle Bus Va / Heavy Ay All two with three with pedes- pedes- Pedal 50cc over or Light goods other vehicle or more vehs of Vehicle A tria tria cycle & uder 50cc 1 Car coach goods vehicle vehicle accidets 2 vehicles type `A' Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig , , ,950 User casualties , , ,994 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by cycles of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Accidets ivolvig User casualties of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by m/cs to 50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle over 50cc 1 Accidets ivolvig 1, , , ,089 User casualties 1, , , ,272 of which: killed seriously ijured , , ,421 Ped's hit by m/cs +50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig 9,396 2,047 2, ,051 14, ,310 1, ,240 6,622 44,305 User casualties 12, , ,336 2, ,376 11,464 54,242 of which: killed seriously ijured 1, , , ,363 Pedestrias hit by cars 0 2, ,328 of which: killed seriously ijured Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig User casualties ,011 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by buses of which: killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig , ,293 1,426 5,314 User casualties , , ,778 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by vas of which: killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig , , ,977 User casualties ,066 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by HGVs of which: killed seriously ijured Ay other vehicle A Accidets ivolvig ,270 User casualties of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by these vehs of which: killed seriously ijured All vehicles 2 Accidets ivolvig 12,545 2,520 3, ,735 26, ,293 2, ,185 6,785 50,035 All vehicle user casualties 15, , ,268 38,532 1,085 4,620 3,492 1,088 41,073 13,433 70,395 of which: killed seriously ijured 2, ,427 4, ,095 1,389 9,459 Pedestria casualties 0 2, ,903 of which: killed seriously ijured Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 277

278 RAS40004 Reported accidets, vehicle user ad pedestria casualties by area type ad combiatio of vehicles ivolved, Great Britai, 2014 Accidets/Casualties Sigle vehicle Two vehicle accidets by vehicle type B All All accidets accidets All areas No With M'cycle M'cycle Bus Va / Heavy Ay All two with three with pedes- pedes- Pedal 50cc over or Light goods other vehicle or more vehs of Vehicle A tria tria cycle & uder 50cc 1 Car coach goods vehicle vehicle accidets 2 vehicles type `A' Pedal cycle Accidets ivolvig , , , ,624 User casualties , , , ,287 of which: killed seriously ijured , , ,401 Pedestrias hit by cycles of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle 50cc ad uder Accidets ivolvig , , ,466 User casualties , , ,330 of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by m/cs to 50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Motorcycle over 50cc 1 Accidets ivolvig 3, , , ,482 1,207 18,473 User casualties 3, , , ,405 1,249 18,036 of which: killed seriously ijured 1, , , ,884 Ped's hit by m/cs +50cc of which: killed seriously ijured Car Accidets ivolvig 13,215 18,270 16,932 1,592 11,326 41,462 1,644 5,333 3,115 1,146 82,556 14, ,356 User casualties 17, ,272 1,019 5,226 3, ,282 22, ,530 of which: killed seriously ijured 2, , ,173 1,402 8,035 Pedestrias hit by cars 0 18, , ,094 of which: killed seriously ijured 0 3, ,093 Bus or coach Accidets ivolvig 2,149 1, , , ,038 User casualties 2, , , ,198 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by buses 0 1, ,064 of which: killed seriously ijured Va / Light goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig 525 1,354 1, ,060 5, ,716 2,720 13,315 User casualties , ,123 1,164 4,915 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by vas 0 1, ,487 of which: killed seriously ijured Heavy goods vehicle Accidets ivolvig , ,368 1,358 6,389 User casualties ,353 of which: killed seriously ijured Pedestrias hit by HGVs of which: killed seriously ijured Ay other vehicle A Accidets ivolvig , , ,487 User casualties ,080 of which: killed seriously ijured Ped's hit by these vehs of which: killed seriously ijured All vehicles 2 Accidets ivolvig 20,650 22,521 19,651 1,838 13,482 82,556 2,490 8,716 4,368 1,706 88,592 14, ,322 All vehicle user casualties 25, ,994 1,939 14, ,985 4,027 11,249 5,573 2, ,071 26, ,729 of which: killed ,329 seriously ijured 4, , ,335 9, , ,135 2,153 17,744 Pedestria casualties 0 23, , , ,748 of which: killed seriously ijured 0 4, ,063 1 Icludes electric motorcycles ad cases where egie size was ot reported. 2 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 278

279 RAS40005 Reported accidets, vehicles ad casualties by vehicle type ad left had drive, Great Britai, 2014 Number of vehicles/accidets/casualties Accidets, by severity Casualties ivolved 1, by severity. All All Vehicles Fatal Serious Slight severities Killed Serious Slight severities Pedal cycles 21, ,532 17,975 21, ,577 18,686 22,381 Motorcycles 21, ,383 15,182 20, ,617 17,144 23,116 Cars ad taxis 194,997 1,285 16, , ,117 1,393 18, , ,725 of which LHD Miibuses of which LHD Buses or coaches 6, ,267 6, ,577 8,427 of which LHD Vas / Light goods vehicles 14, ,645 11,508 13, ,887 16,441 18,505 of which LHD Heavy goods vehicles 6, ,250 6, ,051 7,587 8,906 of which LHD Other vehicles 2, ,978 2, ,642 3,180 of which LHD All vehicles 2 268,527 1,658 20, , ,322 1,775 22, , ,477 of which LHD 3 1, ,046 1, ,495 1,687 Note: LHD = Left Had Drive 1 Icludes all casualties i accidets ivolvig the relevat vehicle type. 2 Icludes cases where vehicle type was ukow. 3 Icludes cases where there is coflictig data (eg. Motorcycles coded as "left had drive"). Source: DfT STATS19 Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

280 RAS40006 Summary statistics, Great Britai, Percetage Number chage over: average average Casualties Killed 2,816 1,713 1, Killed or seriously ijured (KSI) 30,041 23,370 24, All casualties 246, , , Vehicle traffic (billio vehicle miles) (ic pedal cycles) Populatio (millio) Accidets Fatal 2,590 1,608 1, Fatal or serious 26,473 21,232 22, All accidets 180, , , Casualties per accidet Fatal Fatal or serious All accidets Accidet type Fatal accidets Sigle vehicle (o pedestria) Sigle vehicle (with pedestria) Two vehicle 1, Three or more vehicles All accidets Sigle vehicle (o pedestria) 27,691 20,646 20, Sigle vehicle (with pedestria) 27,208 21,841 22, Two vehicle 106,794 82,429 88, Three or more vehicles 19,138 13,744 14, Casualties by road type Fatalities o Motorways Built-up roads 1, No built-up roads 1, KSI o Motorways 1, Built-up roads 18,373 15,161 15, No built-up roads 10,528 7,449 7, All casualties o Motorways 12,423 8,732 9, Built-up roads 168, , , No built-up roads 64,879 44,336 45, Car occupats Fatalities 1, Seriously ijured 11,577 7,641 8, Slightly ijured 147, , , Total 160, , , Car traffic (billio vehicle miles) Fatalities i accidets ivolvig car drivers aged of which: Driver aged Passeger of driver aged Other road user Pedestrias Fatalities of which: Childre (0-15) Adults (16-59) Elderly (60+) Seriously ijured 6,145 4,998 5, Slightly ijured 23,206 18,637 19, Total 29,965 24,033 24, Motorcyclists Fatalities Seriously ijured 5,776 4,866 5, Slightly ijured 16,452 13,555 14, Total 22,772 18,752 20,

281 RAS40006 Summary statistics, Great Britai, Percetage Number chage over: average average Motorcycle traffic (billio vehicle miles) Fatalities o Motorways Built-up roads No built-up roads KSI o Motorways Built-up roads 3,865 3,282 3, No built-up roads 2,312 1,823 2, Motorcycles with egie size up to 125 cc Fatalities Seriously ijured 2,059 1,916 2, Slightly ijured 8,259 7,593 8, Motorcycles with egie size over 125 cc Fatalities Seriously ijured 3,716 2,936 3, Slightly ijured 8,194 5,943 6, Pedal cyclists Fatalities Seriously ijured 2,398 3,143 3, Slightly ijured 13,934 16,186 17, Total 16,463 19,438 21, Child (0-15) KSI Adult (16+) KSI 2,001 2,915 3, Pedal cycle traffic (billio vehicle miles) Vas/Light Goods Vehicles (LGV) Fatalities Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 4,890 4,055 4, Casualties i accidets ivolvig at least oe LGV Fatalities KSI 2,154 1,815 2, All casualties 19,409 16,678 18, LGV traffic (billio vehicle miles) Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) Fatalities Seriously ijured Slightly ijured 1,946 1,128 1, Casualties i accidets ivolvig at least oe HGV Fatalities KSI 1,910 1,354 1, All casualties 13,092 8,448 8, HGV traffic (billio vehicle miles) Childre (aged 0-15) Fatalities Male Female KSI 3,067 1,980 2, All casualties 24,021 15,756 16, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 281

282 RAS40007 Reported road accidets ad casualties, Great Britai, Number/rate per billio vehicle miles Casualties Killed (umber) Ijured (thousads) Accidets Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Motor All other cyclists road users All killed Serious Slight All ijured All casualties Year '000 o. o. o. o. o. '000 '000 '000 '000 Casualty rate per Billio vehicle miles All traffic billio vehicle miles , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,362 1,169 5, , , ,250 1,197 5, , , ,425 1,237 5, , , ,421 1,473 5, , , ,680 1,582 6, , , ,743 1,840 6, , , ,544 2,002 6, , , ,323 2,122 6, , , ,279 2,314 6, , , ,445 2,806 7, , , ,244 3,060 7, , , ,134 3,184 7, , , ,972 7, , , ,780 6, , , ,217 7, , , ,440 7, , , ,549 7, , , ,584 7, , , ,514 7, , , ,162 6, , , ,906 6, , , ,945 6, , , ,182 2,818 6, , , ,163 2,925 6, , , ,160 2,754 6, , , ,163 2,547 5, , , ,131 2,531 5, , , ,091 2,683 5, , , ,245 5, , , ,419 5, , , ,294 5, , , ,511 5, , , ,419 5, , , ,402 5, , , ,690 5, , , ,608 5, , , ,282 4, , , ,209 4, , , ,960 3, , , ,910 3, , , ,925 3, , ,958 3, , ,934 3, , ,859 3, , ,834 3, , ,820 3, , ,903 3, , ,917 3, ,927 3, ,831 3, ,813 3, ,752 3, ,576 2, ,358 2, ,146 2, , , , , , See Notes ad Defiitios i Sectio 7 for details of discotiuity i road traffic figures from 1993 owards. Source: DfT STATS19 From 1993 the data has bee estimated usig the expasio factors ad the ew methodology The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics for measurig road legths, they are ot directly comparable with the figures for 1992 ad earlier. Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

283 RAS41 Strategic Framework for Road Safety idicators 283

284 284

285 RAS41001: Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety: Great Britai 2014 Percetage 1 chage over: Area/Idicator baselie average 1 Casualties 1.1 Fatalities All 2,816 3,172 2,946 2,538 2,222 1,850 1,901 1,754 1,713 1,775 4% -37% Childre (0-15) % -58% Adults (16-59) 2,057 2,305 2,154 1,835 1,632 1,326 1,328 1,197 1,206 1, % -42% Elderly (60+) % -15% Car occupats 1,407 1,612 1,432 1,257 1, % -43% Motorcyclists % -38% Pedal cyclists % -13% Pedestrias % -27% I accidets ivolvig HGVs % -32% I accidets ivolvig LGVs % -28% 1.2 Serious ijuries All 27,225 28,673 27,774 26,034 24,690 22,660 23,122 23,039 21,657 22,807 5% -16% Childre (0-15) 2,940 3,125 2,969 2,683 2,590 2,447 2,352 2,211 1,932 2,029 5% -31% Adults (16-59) 20,159 21,347 20,699 19,240 18,093 16,380 16,814 16,762 15,844 16,535 4% -18% Elderly (60+) 3,646 3,710 3,586 3,658 3,665 3,511 3,688 3,826 3,623 4,026 11% 10% Car occupats 11,577 12,642 11,535 10,711 10,053 8,914 8,342 8,232 7,641 8,035 5% -31% Motorcyclists 5,776 5,885 6,149 5,556 5,350 4,780 5,247 5,000 4,866 5,289 9% -8% Pedal cyclists 2,398 2,296 2,428 2,450 2,606 2,660 3,085 3,222 3,143 3,401 8% 42% Pedestrias 6,145 6,376 6,278 6,070 5,545 5,200 5,454 5,559 4,998 5,063 1% -18% I accidets ivolvig HGVs 1,515 1,700 1,574 1,344 1,171 1,116 1,077 1,077 1,096 1,051-4% -31% I accidets ivolvig LGVs 1,908 2,042 1,971 1,755 1,731 1,666 1,681 1,757 1,653 1,887 14% -1% 1.3 Disadvatage Disadvatage (KSI): Pedestrias, Cyclists, Cars & Motorcyclists % -8% Disadvatage (KSI): Pedestrias, Cyclists & Cars % -16% Disadvatage (KSI): Pedestrias & Cyclists % -31% 1.4 Fatality rates per billio vehicle miles All % -37% Car occupats % -43% Motorcyclists % -27% Pedal cyclists % -26% Pedestrias % -26% 1.5 Fatality rate per millio populatio All % -41% Childre (0-15) % -61% Adults (16-59) % -43% Elderly (60+) % -24% Car occupats % -47% Motorcyclists % -41% Pedal cyclists % -18% Pedestrias % -31% Fatalities % -41% KSI 2,321 2,440 2,405 2,103 1,967 1,886 1,829 1,696 1,708 1,853 8% -20% 1.7 Road deaths as percetage of all accidetal deaths Percetage 23% 26% 24% 22% 18% 17% 15% 14% 13% /a 4 /a /a 1.8 Cost of road traffic casualties millios (based o market prices i each respective year) 17,755 18,079 19,104 17,920 15,820 15,358 15,557 15,122 14,713 16,307 11% -8% millios (based o market prices i 2014) 20,697 21,612 22,200 20,236 17,518 16,484 16,350 15,633 14,943 16,307 9% -21% 1.9 Road casualties admitted to hospital (Eglad) all admissios 39,824 40,533 40,327 37,970 38,755 37,665 38,584 /a 4 /a 4 /a 4 /a /a admissios for 2+ days 17,810 18,380 18,229 16,540 16,200 14,643 15,531 /a 4 /a 4 /a 4 /a /a 2 Learig to drive Number of fatalities ad KSIs i collisios ivolvig car drivers (aged ) Fatalities % -55% KSI 7,516 8,184 7,828 6,855 6,329 5,297 4,894 4,480 4,139 4,214 2% -44% Number of sigle vehicle accidets ivolvig a youg car driver (aged ) Fatal % -55% KSI 2,413 2,677 2,407 2,282 2,100 1,765 1,616 1,456 1,290 1,352 5% -44% Number ad proportio of ew drivers that pass their drivig test o 2.3 the first attempt 5, Proportios 44% 44% 46% 45% 47% 48% 48% 48% 0% /a Numbers (thousads) % /a 3 Remedial educatio 3.1 Number of people takig courses (thousads) 3,6, ,071 1,354 26% /a 4 Eforcemet Number Percetage 16% 18% 14% 16% 17% 13% 13% 13% 14% Number fatalities ad KSI o the Eglish truk road etwork Number ad percetage of people killed i collisios with a driver over the legal blood alcohol limit Number ad percetage of people KSI i collisios with a driver over the legal blood alcohol limit Number 2,250 2,520 2,170 2,020 1,880 1,480 1,510 1,430 1, Percetage 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 6% Proportio of drivers tested failig a breath test after collisio 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 0% -1% 285

286 RAS41001: Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety: Great Britai Area/Idicator baselie Percetage 1 chage over: average 4.4 Prevalece of drug-drive icidets/collisios Number ad percetage of KSI casualties resultig from a road collisio with a driver uder the ifluece of a illegal drug Proportio of drivers admittig to have drive while uder the ifluece Idicator uder developmet of a illegal drug at least oce i 12 moths 5,6 1.3% 1% 0.5% 0.7% 0.9% /a /a Percetage of fatalities ad KSIs i collisios with 'exceedig the 4.5 speed limit' or 'travellig too fast for coditios' as a cotributory factor Fatal 27% 29% 26% 25% 27% 24% 23% 21% 24% 25% 1% -2% KSI 19% 21% 19% 18% 17% 16% 15% 15% 15% 15% 0% -4% 4.6 Proportio of vehicles exceedig the speed limit Car - 30mph 49% 49% 49% 49% 48% 46% 47% 47% 46% 45% -1% -4% Car - motorways (70mph) 53% 54% 53% 49% 52% 49% 49% 48% 47% 46% -1% -7% Motorcycle - 30mph 51% 51% 51% 53% 50% 45% 50% 50% 47% 47% 0% -4% Motorcycle - motorways (70mph) 53% 54% 54% 48% 51% 48% 49% 48% 46% 46% 0% -7% Articulated HGV - sigle carriageway (40mph) 76% 76% 74% 78% 76% 70% 71% 73% 73% 75% 2% -1% Articulated HGV - dual carriageway (50mph) 84% 83% 83% 86% 83% 83% 83% 82% 82% 82% 0% -2% Rigid two axle HGV - 30mph roads 46% 44% 46% 46% 46% 46% 46% 46% 46% 44% -2% -2% Rigid two axle HGV - 40mph roads 22% 24% 22% 22% 21% 22% 21% 20% 20% 20% 0% -2% 4.7 Percetage of car occupats killed who were ot wearig a seat belt % 21% Number of motorig offeces Total umber of motorig offeces (thousads) 9 3,366 3,814 3,330 2,933 2,679 2,426 1,966 1,799 1, Vehicle Safety Proportio of drivers ijured amog those ivolved i collisios by vehicle mileage 6 Perceptios of road safety 6.1 Whether people feel safe cyclig Idicator uder developmet (data will ot be available util 2014 at the earliest) Percetage of cyclists who agreed that it was too dagerous for them to cycle o the roads 6 45% 48% 48%.. 4 /a /a Percetage of cyclists who said that they felt fairly or very cofidet cyclig o the roads 6 58% /a 10 /a /a /a 6.2 Whether people feel safe walkig Idicator uder developmet 1 Where idicator is a percetage, percetage poit chage is displayed. 2 Rates per billio vehicle miles, rouded to the earest whole umber; rates for pedestrias are rates per billio miles walked. Source: Stats19(DfT), Automatic traffic couters (DfT), Coroer's data, 3 Outside the scope of Natioal Statistics. Hospital Episode Statistics (Eglad oly), ONS mortality data 4 Data will be updated oce available. ONS populatio data, DfT Natioal Travel Survey 5 Figures are based o fiacial years (April to March). British Social Attitudes Survey 6 Complete series of figures ot available. 7 Figures are the aggregate of drivig offeders takig oe of the followig courses; Driver Alertess Course (DAC), Rider Itervetio Developig Experiece (RIDE), Natioal Speed Awareess Course (NSAC), Drivig 4 Chage, What's Drivig Us ad Your Belt Your Life. 8 Icomplete data. Data collectio started i 2013 for some Police focre areas ad therefore oly available for this subset of police forces. 9 Motorig offeces iclude: dagerous, careless or druke drivig, accidet ad speed limit offeces, uauthorised takig or theft of motor vehicle, licese ad isurace offeces, vehicle test ad coditio offeces, traffic ad other offeces. Last updated: 24 September Questio o loger icluded i the survey. Next update: September Data collectio bega i 2011, but too few cases were recorded i 2011 ad 2012 to be robust figure was calculated from a total of 336 killed car occupats for which these data was recorded, out of 797 total car occupat deaths. Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios 286

287 Key Outcome Idicators - Defiitios Idetifier Descriptio Data Source 1. Casualties 1.1 Number of fatalities from a road accidet, reported to Police Authorities 1.2 Number of casualties sustaiig serious ijuries i a road accidet, reported to Police Authorities 1.3 Number of killed or serious ijured (KSI) casualties i the most deprived decile group of areas as a fractio of the umber of KSI casualties i the least deprived decile group of areas 1.4 Rates of fatalities from a road accidet, reported to Police Authorities, offset agaist vehicle traffic estimates ad walkig distace estimates for pedestrias 1.5 Rates of fatalities from a road accidet, reported to Police Authorities, offset agaist populatio estimates for each of the road user group 1.6 Number of fatalities & KSI casualties from a road accidet, reported to Police Authorities, o the Eglish truk road etwork 1.7 Road deaths reported to Police Authorities as a proportio of all accidetal deaths (icludig other trasport, idustrial ad domestic accidets) 1.8 Valuatio of both fatal ad o-fatal road casualties, which is a accumaltio of huma costs, reflectig pai, grief, sufferig; the direct ecoomic costs of lost of output, isurace, medical ad health care costs. Natioal Statistics? Geography Coverage Temporal Coverage STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 STATS19 (DfT), Idices of Multiple Deprivatio (DCLG) STATS19 (DfT), Traffic Estimates Data (DfT), Natioal Travel Survey (DfT) STATS19 (DfT), Cesus Mid-Year Populatio Estimates Data (ONS), Natioal Records of Scotlad (NRS) Yes Eglad Caleder Years: upto 2014 Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 STATS19 (DfT), Death Registratios Summary Statistics (ONS), Natioal Records of Scotlad STATS19 (DfT), Itegrated Trasport Ecoomic Appraisal (DfT), omial GDP estimates per capita (ONS) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: Number of road casualties admitted to hospitals Hospital Episode Statistics ( Yes Eglad Caleder Years: Learig to Drive 2.1 Number of fatalities ad KSI casualties i collisios which ivolved a youg car driver (aged 17-24), as reported by Police Authorities. This also icludes cases where the casualty was also the youg car driver ivolved i the accidet. 2.2 Number of sigle vehicle accidets ivolvig a youg car driver (aged 17-24), where the casualty was either a pedestria or a occupat of the car. 2.3 Number of ew drivers that pass their practical drivig test o the first attempt as a proportio of the total umber of the ew drivers passig their practical drivig test (regardless of the umber of attempts) STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: upto 2014 Driver Licese Database (DSA) Yes Great Britai Fiacial Years: 2007/ /15 3. Remedial educatio 3.1 Number of drivers offeders havig to take oe of more of the followig courses as a form of remedial pealty: Driver Alertess Course (DAC), Rider Itervetio Developig Experiece (RIDE) ad Natioal Speed Awareess Course (NSAC) Natioal Police DeskOfficer Olie Reportig System (DORS) No Eglad, Wales ad Norther Irelad Caleder Years: Eforcemet 4.1 Number ad proportio of people killed i a road collisio with a driver over the legal blood alcohol limit (80 milligrams / 100 millilitres of blood), which also icludes ay fatally ijured drivers over the alcohol limit ivolved i the accidet 4.2 Number ad proportio of KSI casualties i collisios with a driver over the legal blood alcohol limit (80 milligrams / 100 millilitres of blood), which also icludes ay fatally or seriously ijured drivers over the alcohol limit ivolved i the accidet 4.3 Proportio of drivers tested failig or refusig to be admiistered a breath test, followig a road accidet 4.4 Prevalece of drug-drive icidets ad collisios; (1) umbers of casualties resultig from a accidet ivolvig a driver uder the ifluece of a illicit or therapeutic drug or (2) those admittig to have drive while beig uder the ifluece of a drug 4.5 Proportio of fatalities ad KSI casualties from road collisios where 'exceedig the speed limit' ad 'travellig too fast for coditios' was a cotributory factor leadig to the accidet 4.6 Proportio of vehicles that were exceedig the speed limit o the road, for each vehicle type 4.7 Proportio of car occupats killed, followig a road accidet, who were ot wearig a seat belt STATS19 (DfT), Coroers Data provided by Eglad ad Wales, Procurators Fiscal i Scotlad STATS19 (DfT), Coroers Data provided by Eglad ad Wales, Procurators Fiscal i Scotlad Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: STATS19 (Dft) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: (1) STATS19 (DfT), Yes (1) Great Britai (1) Caleder Years: Coroers Data provided by ad (2) Eglad curretly uder Eglad ad Wales, ad Wales for developmet ad (2) Procurators Fiscal i Crime Survey Fiacial Year for Scotlad ad (2) Results Results Crime Survey from Crime Survey for Results Eglad ad Wales, provided by Home Office. STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: Traffic Estimates Data (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: STATS19 (DfT) Yes Great Britai Caleder years:

288 Idetifier Descriptio Data Source 4.8 Number of motorig offeces (icludig dagerous, careless or druke drivig, accidet, speed limit, licese, isurace ad vehicle theft offeces). This does ot iclude ay parkig, waitig or road obstructio offeces Police Powers ad Yes Procedures (Home Office), Crimial Statistics (MoJ) Natioal Statistics? Geography Coverage Eglad ad Wales Temporal Coverage Caleder Years: Vehicle Safety 5.1 Proportios of drivers/riders/passegers ijured from a road accidet, by vehicle mileage ad propesity of vehicle defectiveess 6 Perceptios of road safety Percetage of cyclists who agreed that it was too dagerous for them to cycle o the roads 6 STATS19 (DfT), Motor Testig Database (VOSA), Driver Licese Database (DVLA) British Social Attitudes Survey 2011: public attitudes towards trasport Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: curretly uder developmet Yes Great Britai Caleder Years: Percetage of cyclists who said that they felt fairly or very cofidet cyclig o the roads British Social Attitudes Survey 2011: public attitudes towards trasport 6.2 Attitudes of pedestrias o the perceptio of road safety Natioal Travel Survey (DfT), Active People Survey (APS) Yes Great Britai Caleder year: 2011, this questio has ow bee dropped from survey. Yes Great Britai Caleder/Academic Years: walkig idicator curretly uder developmet 288

289 RAS41002 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualties by local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E North East 1, E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West 3,513 2,867 2,922 2,764 2,697 2, E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber 3,038 2,379 2,366 2,434 2,399 2, E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

290 RAS41002 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualties by local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E East Midlads 2,512 2,076 2,167 2,076 1,879 2, E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads 2,444 1,860 2,020 1,932 1,798 1, E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad 3,125 2,546 2,412 2,460 2,369 2, E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

291 RAS41002 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualties by local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E Lodo 3,627 2,886 2,805 3,018 2,324 2, E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister E South East 4,317 3,820 4,221 3,951 4,131 4, E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

292 RAS41002 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualties by local authority, Eglad, ad average Number of casualties/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E South West 2,323 1,960 1,945 2,072 1,985 2, E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad 1 25,958 21,255 21,717 21,630 20,387 21, Icludes Lodo Airport (Heathrow) Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 292

293 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

294 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

295 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

296 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle miles by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle miles/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad Icludes Lodo (Heathrow) Airport Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 296

297 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

298 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

299 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

300 RAS41003 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per billio vehicle kilometres by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per billio vehicle kilometres/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad Icludes Lodo (Heathrow) Airport Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, DfT Natioal Road Traffic Survey [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 300

301 RAS41004 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per millio populatio by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per millio populatio/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E North East E Couty Durham E Darligto E Gateshead E Hartlepool E Middlesbrough E Newcastle upo Tye E North Tyeside E Northumberlad E Redcar ad Clevelad E South Tyeside E Stockto-o-Tees E Suderlad E North West E Blackbur with Darwe E Blackpool E Bolto E Bury E Cheshire East E Cheshire West ad Chester E Cumbria E Halto E Kowsley E Lacashire E Liverpool E Machester E Oldham E Rochdale E Salford E Sefto E St. Heles E Stockport E Tameside E Trafford E Warrigto E Wiga E Wirral E Yorkshire ad The Humber E Barsley E Bradford E Calderdale E Docaster E East Ridig of Yorkshire E Kigsto upo Hull, City of E Kirklees E Leeds E North East Licolshire E North Licolshire E North Yorkshire 1, E Rotherham E Sheffield E Wakefield E York

302 RAS41004 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per millio populatio by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per millio populatio/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E East Midlads E Derby E Derbyshire E Leicester E Leicestershire E Licolshire E Northamptoshire E Nottigham E Nottighamshire E Rutlad E West Midlads E Birmigham E Covetry E Dudley E Herefordshire, Couty of E Sadwell E Shropshire E Solihull E Staffordshire E Stoke-o-Tret E Telford ad Wreki E Walsall E Warwickshire E Wolverhampto E Worcestershire E East of Eglad E Bedford E Cambridgeshire E Cetral Bedfordshire E Essex E Hertfordshire E Luto E Norfolk E Peterborough E Southed-o-Sea E Suffolk E Thurrock

303 RAS41004 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per millio populatio by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per millio populatio/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E Lodo E Barkig ad Dageham E Baret E Bexley E Bret E Bromley E Camde E City of Lodo 4,847 3,511 4,455 7,628 7,845 6, E Croydo E Ealig E Efield E Greewich E Hackey E Hammersmith ad Fulham E Harigey E Harrow E Haverig E Hilligdo E Houslow E Isligto E Kesigto ad Chelsea E Kigsto upo Thames E Lambeth E Lewisham E Merto E Newham E Redbridge E Richmod upo Thames E Southwark E Sutto E Tower Hamlets E Waltham Forest E Wadsworth E Westmister 1, E South East E Brackell Forest E Brighto ad Hove E Buckighamshire E East Sussex E Hampshire E Isle of Wight E Ket E Medway E Milto Keyes E Oxfordshire E Portsmouth E Readig E Slough E Southampto E Surrey E West Berkshire E West Sussex E Widsor ad Maidehead E Wokigham

304 RAS41004 Key Outcome Idicators - Strategic Framework for Road Safety Reported Killed ad Seriously Ijured (KSI) casualty rate per millio populatio by local authority, Eglad, ad average Rate per millio populatio/percetage 2014 percetage chage over: ONS Code Regio/Local Authority average average E South West E Bath ad North East Somerset E Bouremouth E Bristol, City of E Corwall E Devo E Dorset E Gloucestershire E Isles of Scilly E North Somerset E Plymouth E Poole E Somerset E South Gloucestershire E Swido E Torbay E Wiltshire E Eglad Icludes Lodo (Heathrow) Airport Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19, ONS mid-year populatio estimates [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 304

305 RAS50 Cotributory factors i reported accidets 305

306 306

307 Note o the cotributory factor system It is importat to ote that it may be difficult for a police officer, attedig the scee after a accidet has occurred, to idetify certai factors that may have cotributed to a cause of a accidet. The cotributory factors are therefore differet i ature from the remaider of the STATS19 data which is based o the reportig of factual iformatio. This should be kept i mid whe iterpretig the data. For further details of the cotributory factor system, please see article etitled Cotributory factors to reported road accidets, which ca be foud usig the followig lik: /rrcgb pdf The form used by the police to report cotributory factors icludes a list of 78 cotributory factors. These 78 factors fall ito ie categories ad these are: Road eviromet cotributed, vehicle defects, Ijudicious actio, Driver/rider error or reactio, Impairmet or distractio, Behaviour or iexperiece, Visio affected by exteral factors, Pedestria oly factors (casualty or uijured) ad Special codes. A copy of the form ca be foud usig the followig lik: 307

308 RAS50001 Cotributory factors i reported accidets by severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 Fatal accidets Per Number cet 3 Serious accidets Per Number cet 3 Slight accidets Per Number cet 3 All accidets Per Number cet 3 Road eviromet cotributed , , , Poor or defective road surface Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) , ,428 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , ,303 8 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,931 3 Aimal or object i carriageway ,090 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects , ,098 2 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal , ,979 2 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or markigs , ,658 3 Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel Exceedig speed limit , , ,309 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,737 7 Followig too close , ,754 7 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet Driver/Rider error or reactio 1, , , , Juctio overshoot , ,482 2 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,053 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,279 2 Driver/Rider failed to look properly , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed , , , Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria , ,230 2 Sudde brakig , ,074 7 Swerved , ,353 4 Loss of cotrol , , , Impairmet or distractio , , , Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , , ,741 4 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Fatigue , ,046 2 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or physical , ,419 2 Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , ,200 3 Distractio outside vehicle , ,

309 RAS50001 Cotributory factors i reported accidets by severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 Fatal accidets Per Number cet 3 Serious accidets Per Number cet 3 Slight accidets Per Number cet 3 All accidets Per Number cet 3 Behaviour or iexperiece , , , Aggressive drivig , ,730 3 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic , ,900 2 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , ,731 4 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle Visio affected by exteral factors , , , Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , ,858 3 Vegetatio Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) , ,337 1 Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , ,822 2 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog , ,133 2 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc Vehicle blid spot , ,537 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) , , , Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle , ,562 2 Pedestria failed to look properly , , ,765 9 Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed , ,278 3 Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig facility ,166 1 Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) ,044 1 Pedestria impaired by alcohol , ,768 2 Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry , , ,334 5 Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special Codes , ,619 5 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , ,572 3 Total umber of accidets 1 1, , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Couts the umber of accidets i which a cotributory factor is reported. If two participats i a accidet have the same cotributory factor, this will oly be couted oce. 3 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha 1 cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 309

310 RAS50002 Cotributory factors of reported accidets, Great Britai, Number/percetage Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Driver/Rider failed to look properly 50, , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s 27, , , , , path or speed Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 19, , , , , Poor tur or maoeuvre 16, , , , , Loss of cotrol 18, , , , , Pedestria failed to look properly 12, , , , ,888 9 Slippery road (due to weather) 15, , , , ,802 8 Sudde brakig 9, , , , ,768 8 Followig too close 9, , , , ,330 7 Travellig too fast for coditios 10, , , , ,921 7 Total umber of accidets 1 120, , , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Icludes oly the te most frequetly reported cotributory factors. Factors ot show may also have bee reported. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 310

311 RAS50003 Cotributory factors i reported accidets by road class, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1 Number/ percetage Motorways A roads B roads Other roads 3 All roads Per Per Per Per Per Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Road eviromet cotributed , , , , Poor or defective road surface Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) ,428 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , , ,303 8 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,931 3 Aimal or object i carriageway ,090 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects ,098 2 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio 1, , , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal 6 0 1, ,979 2 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or , , ,658 3 markigs Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel Exceedig speed limit , , ,309 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , , ,737 7 Followig too close , , ,754 7 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet Driver/Rider error or reactio 3, , , , , Juctio overshoot , ,482 2 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,053 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , , Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,279 2 Driver/Rider failed to look properly 1, , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s 1, , , , , path or speed Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria 2 0 1, ,230 2 Sudde brakig , , ,074 7 Swerved , , ,353 4 Loss of cotrol 1, , , , , Impairmet or distractio , , , , Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , , ,741 4 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Fatigue , ,046 2 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or , ,419 2 physical Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , ,200 3 Distractio outside vehicle ,

312 RAS50003 Cotributory factors i reported accidets by road class, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1 Number/ percetage Motorways A roads B roads Other roads 3 All roads Per Per Per Per Per Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Number cet 2 Behaviour or iexperiece , , , , Aggressive drivig , , ,730 3 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry , , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic ,900 2 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , , ,731 4 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle Visio affected by exteral factors , , , , Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , , ,858 3 Vegetatio Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) ,337 1 Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , , ,822 2 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog ,133 2 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc. Vehicle blid spot ,537 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) , , , , Crossig road masked by statioary or parked , ,562 2 vehicle Pedestria failed to look properly 8 0 4, , , ,765 9 Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or 4 0 1, , ,278 3 speed Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig ,166 1 facility Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) ,044 1 Pedestria impaired by alcohol ,768 2 Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 7 0 2, , ,334 5 Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special Codes , , ,619 5 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , , ,572 3 Total umber of accidets 4, , , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha 1 cotributory factor. 3 Other roads icludes C roads ad uclassified roads. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 312

313 RAS50004 Reported accidets ivolvig pedestrias with cotributory factors, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Accidets 2,3 where cotributory factor assiged to ijured or killed pedestria Accidets 2,3 where cotributory factor assiged to uijured pedestria Cotributory factor attributed to pedestria 1 Number Per cet 4 Number Per cet 4 Pedestria failed to look properly 10, Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 5, Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed 3, Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle 2, Pedestria impaired by alcohol 1, Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig facility 1, Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) 1, Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Total umber of accidets 17, Top 10 most frequetly reported cotributory factors for ijured or killed pedestrias ad for uijured pedestrias. Factors ot show may also have bee reported. 2 Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 3 Accidets ca ivolve both pedestria casualties ad uijured pedestrias who were assiged a cotributory factor. 4 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha oe cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 313

314 RAS50005 Vehicles i reported accidets by cotributory factor ad vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or Coach Va/Light goods HGV Number/ percetage All vehicles 3 Cotributory factor attributed to vehicle 1,2 Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Road eviromet cotributed , , ,507 7 Poor or defective road surface Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) ,472 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , ,750 5 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,269 2 Aimal or object i carriageway ,128 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects , ,101 1 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio 2, , , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal , ,203 1 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or markigs , ,681 2 Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel Exceedig speed limit , ,381 3 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,913 4 Followig too close , ,315 4 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet Driver/Rider error or reactio 5, , , , , , , Juctio overshoot , ,494 1 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,090 1 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , ,890 9 Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,300 1 Driver/Rider failed to look properly 3, , , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed 1, , , , , Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria , ,236 1 Sudde brakig , , ,750 4 Swerved , ,411 2 Loss of cotrol , , ,334 7 Impairmet or distractio 1, , ,660 7 Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , ,741 2 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Fatigue , ,052 1 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or physical , ,414 1 Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , ,213 2 Distractio outside vehicle , ,

315 RAS50005 Vehicles i reported accidets by cotributory factor ad vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Pedal cycle Motorcycle Car Bus or Coach Va/Light goods HGV Number/ percetage All vehicles 3 Cotributory factor attributed to vehicle 1,2 Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Behaviour or iexperiece 1, , , , , Aggressive drivig , ,848 2 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 1, , , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic , ,907 1 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , , ,763 2 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle Visio affected by exteral factors , , ,368 6 Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , ,611 2 Vegetatio Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) , ,514 1 Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , ,915 1 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog , ,281 1 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc Vehicle blid spot ,553 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle Pedestria failed to look properly Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig facility Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) Pedestria impaired by alcohol Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special codes , ,758 2 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , ,647 1 Vehicles with o cotributory factor 7, , , , , , , Total umber of vehicles 14, , , , , , , Icludes oly vehicles i road accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha oe cotributory factor. 2 Due to recordig errors some vehicle specific factors may have bee allocated to the wrog vehicle i some accidets. 3 Icludes other vehicles types ad cases where the vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 315

316 RAS50006 Most commo pairs of cotributory factors reported together 1,2 Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Factor with lower code 3 Factor with higher code 3 Number Per cet Vehicles Driver/Rider failed to look properly Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed 14,803 7 Poor tur or maoeuvre Driver/Rider failed to look properly 10,713 5 Driver/Rider failed to look properly Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 10,323 5 Poor tur or maoeuvre Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed 4,743 2 Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 4,728 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 4,155 2 Followig too close Driver/Rider failed to look properly 3,421 2 Slippery road (due to weather) Loss of cotrol 2,893 1 Followig too close Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed 2,753 1 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or markigs Driver/Rider failed to look properly 2,711 1 Loss of cotrol Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 2,594 1 Travellig too fast for coditios Loss of cotrol 2,480 1 Slippery road (due to weather) Travellig too fast for coditios 2,176 1 Driver/Rider failed to look properly Statioary or parked vehicle(s) 2,138 1 Swerved Loss of cotrol 1,912 1 Travellig too fast for coditios Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 1,790 1 Poor tur or maoeuvre Loss of cotrol 1,781 1 Exceedig speed limit Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 1,705 1 Exceedig speed limit Loss of cotrol 1,602 1 Aggressive drivig Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 1,574 1 All vehicles i accidets 213, Pedestria casualties Pedestria failed to look properly Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 4, Pedestria failed to look properly Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed 2, Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle Pedestria failed to look properly 2, Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 1,233 7 Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry 1,116 6 All pedestria casualties i accidets 18, Icludes oly participats i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Icludes the 20 pairigs most frequetly reported to vehicles ad the 5 most frequetly reported to pedestria casualties. 3 All cotributory factors are recorded by a code umber betwee 101 ad 999. The factor with the lower code umber is listed first. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

317 RAS50007 Casualties i reported accidets by cotributory factor ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All casualties Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Road eviromet cotributed , , , Poor or defective road surface ,009 1 Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) , ,957 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , ,921 8 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,181 3 Aimal or object i carriageway , ,466 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects , ,230 2 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated ,125 1 Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes ,100 1 Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal , ,052 2 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or markigs , ,436 3 Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel , ,175 1 Exceedig speed limit , , ,433 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,843 7 Followig too close , ,990 8 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet ,051 1 Driver/Rider error or reactio 1, , , , Juctio overshoot , ,863 2 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,756 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,003 2 Driver/Rider failed to look properly , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s path or speed , , , Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria , ,358 1 Sudde brakig , ,947 8 Swerved , ,455 4 Loss of cotrol , , , Impairmet or distractio , , , Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , , ,921 4 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) ,059 1 Fatigue , ,214 2 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or physical , ,699 2 Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , ,380 3 Distractio outside vehicle , ,493 2 Behaviour or iexperiece , , , Aggressive drivig , ,746 4 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic , ,706 2 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , ,859 4 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle , ,

318 RAS50007 Casualties i reported accidets by cotributory factor ad severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1 Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured All casualties Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Number Per cet 2 Visio affected by exteral factors , , , Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , ,715 3 Vegetatio Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) , ,979 1 Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , ,912 2 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog , ,888 2 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc Vehicle blid spot , ,757 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) , , ,764 9 Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle , ,749 2 Pedestria failed to look properly , , ,423 7 Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or speed , ,501 2 Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig facility ,252 1 Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) ,094 1 Pedestria impaired by alcohol , ,846 1 Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry , , ,657 4 Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special codes , , ,524 5 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , ,669 3 Total umber of casualties 1 1, , , , Icludes oly casualties i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as casualties are from accidets which ca have more tha 1 cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 318

319 RAS50008 Reported accidets ad casualties where speed was reported as a cotributory factor, by severity, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Accidets Fatal Serious Slight Total Cotributory factor i accidet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Exceedig speed limit , , ,309 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,772 6 Exceedig speed limit or travellig , , , too fast for coditios Total umber of accidets 1, , , , Casualties Killed Seriously ijured Slightly ijured Total Cotributory factor i accidet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Exceedig speed limit , , ,433 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,251 6 Exceedig speed limit or travellig , , , too fast for coditios Total umber of casualties 1, , , , Icludes accidets ad casualties i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Excludig accidets ad casualties i accidets which had exceedig the speed limit reported as a cotributory factor. These figures will therefore differ from those show i other tables i this article. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Source: STATS19 Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

320 RAS50009 Vehicles with speed factors reported by vehicle type, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor attributed to vehicle 2 Motorcycles Per Number cet Number Per cet Light goods vehicles Per Number cet Number Number/ percetage Per cet Number Exceedig speed limit , ,381 3 Travellig too fast for coditios , ,953 3 Exceedig speed limit or travellig too fast for coditios 1, , ,334 6 All vehicles i accidets 18, , , , , Icludes all other vehicle types. 2 Icludes oly vehicles i road accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 3 Excludig vehicles which also had exceedig the speed limit reported as a cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Cars Heavy goods vehicles All vehicles 1 Per cet 320

321 RAS50010 Percetage of vehicles with selected cotributory factors which also had a speed, factor reported, Great Britai, 2014 Percetage Percetage of vehicles with the followig speed factors Travellig too fast for Cotributory factor attributed to vehicle 1 Exceedig speed limit coditios 2 All vehicles 3% 3% Spray from other vehicles 4% 9% Rai, sleet, sow, or fog 2% 13% Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) 3% 13% Slippery road (due to weather) 5% 20% Poor or defective road surface 5% 10% Driver visio affected by road layout (eg. widig road, hill crest) 5% 10% Road layout cotributed (eg. bed, hill, arrow carriageway) 11% 11% Learer or iexperieced driver/rider 7% 11% Loss of cotrol 10% 14% Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated 11% 11% Driver usig mobile phoe 9% 4% Traffic calmig (eg. road humps/chicaes) 7% 5% Disobeyed double white lies 11% 6% Impaired by alcohol 14% 7% Impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) 17% 6% Vehicle i course of crime 21% 6% Aggressive drivig 20% 8% Stole vehicle 19% 10% 1 Icludes vehicles i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which at least oe cotributory factor was reported. 2 Excludig vehicles i accidets which had exceedig the speed limit reported as a cotributory factor. Telephoe: [email protected] Source: STATS19 Notes & Defiitios Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 321

322 RAS50011 Reported accidets ad vehicles icluded i the cotributory factor aalysis, Great Britai, 2014 Number/ percetage Category Number icluded i aalysis 1 Total umber of accidets Per cet icluded i aalysis 1 Accidets: severity Fatal 1,543 1, Serious 18,097 20, Slight 96, , Accidets: road class Motorways 4,975 5, A roads 55,034 67, B roads 14,876 18, Other roads 2 40,788 54, Accidets icluded i aalysis 115, , Category Number icluded i aalysis 1 Total umber of vehicles Per cet icluded i aalysis 1 Vehicles: type Pedal cycles 14,820 21, Motorcycles 18,565 21, Cars 157, , Buses or coaches 4,102 6, Light goods vehicles 11,227 14, Heavy goods vehicles 5,915 6, Other vehicles 3 2,005 2, Vehicles icluded i aalysis 213, , Icludes accidets ad vehicles ivolved i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Other roads icludes C roads ad uclassified roads. 3 Icludes other vehicles types ad cases where the vehicle type was ot reported. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 322

323 RAS50012 Reported road accidets by cotributory factor, regio ad coutry, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 North East Per Number cet 3 North West Per Number cet 3 Yorkshire ad the Humber East Midlads West Midlads East of Eglad Per Per Per Per Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 South East Lodo South West Eglad Wales Scotlad Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number/ percetage Great Britai Per Number cet 3 Road eviromet cotributed , , , , , , , , , , Poor or defective road surface Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) , ,428 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , , ,303 8 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,931 3 Aimal or object i carriageway ,090 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects , ,098 2 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio , , , , , , , , , , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal , ,979 2 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or , , ,658 3 markigs Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel Exceedig speed limit , ,309 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , ,737 7 Followig too close , , ,754 7 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet Driver/Rider error or reactio 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , Juctio overshoot , ,482 2 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,053 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , , , , , , , Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,279 2 Driver/Rider failed to look properly 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s , , , , , , , , , , , , path or speed Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria , ,230 2 Sudde brakig , , , ,074 7 Swerved , ,353 4 Loss of cotrol , , , , , , , , , , , Impairmet or distractio , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , ,741 4 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Fatigue , ,046 2 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or , ,419 2 physical Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , ,200 3 Distractio outside vehicle , ,

324 RAS50012 Reported road accidets by cotributory factor, regio ad coutry, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 North East Per Number cet 3 North West Per Number cet 3 Yorkshire ad the Humber East Midlads West Midlads East of Eglad Per Per Per Per Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 South East Lodo South West Eglad Wales Scotlad Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number/ percetage Great Britai Per Number cet 3 Behaviour or iexperiece 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , Aggressive drivig , ,730 3 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic , ,900 2 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , ,731 4 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle Visio affected by exteral factors , , , , , , , , , Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , , ,858 3 Vegetatio , ,337 1 Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , ,822 2 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog , ,133 2 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc. Vehicle blid spot , ,537 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) , , , , , , , , Crossig road masked by statioary or parked , ,562 2 vehicle Pedestria failed to look properly , , , , ,765 9 Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or , , ,278 3 speed Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig , ,166 1 facility Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) ,044 1 Pedestria impaired by alcohol , ,768 2 Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry , , ,334 5 Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special Codes , , ,619 5 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , ,572 3 Total umber of accidets 1 3, , , , , , , , , , , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Differeces betwee regios may reflect differet reportig practices betwee police forces as well as geuie differeces i the accidets that occur there. 3 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha 1 cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 324

325 RAS50013 Reported road casualties resultig from accidets, by cotributory factor, regio ad coutry, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 North East Per Number cet 3 North West Per Number cet 3 Yorkshire ad the Humber East Midlads West Midlads East of Eglad Per Per Per Per Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 South East Lodo South West Eglad Wales Scotlad Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number/ percetage Great Britai Per Number cet 3 Road eviromet cotributed , , , , , , , , , , , Poor or defective road surface ,009 1 Deposit o road (eg. oil, mud, chippigs) , ,957 1 Slippery road (due to weather) , , , , , , , , ,921 8 Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (eg. road humps, chicae) Temporary road layout (eg. cotraflow) Road layout (eg. bed, hill, arrow road) , ,181 3 Aimal or object i carriageway , ,466 1 Slippery ispectio cover or road markig Vehicle defects , ,230 2 Tyres illegal, defective or uder iflated , ,125 1 Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes ,100 1 Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Ijudicious actio 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal , ,052 2 Disobeyed 'Give Way' or 'Stop' sig or , , ,436 3 markigs Disobeyed double white lies Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Illegal tur or directio of travel , ,175 1 Exceedig speed limit , , , ,433 5 Travellig too fast for coditios , , , , , , , ,843 7 Followig too close , , , , , , ,990 8 Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Cyclist eterig road from pavemet ,051 1 Driver/Rider error or reactio 4, , , , , , , , , , , , , Juctio overshoot , ,863 2 Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) , ,756 2 Poor tur or maoeuvre , , , , , , , , , , , Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal , ,003 2 Driver/Rider failed to look properly 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider failed to judge other perso s 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , path or speed Too close to cyclist, horse rider or pedestria , , ,358 1 Sudde brakig , , , , , ,947 8 Swerved , , ,455 4 Loss of cotrol , , , , , , , , , , , , Impairmet or distractio , , , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider impaired by alcohol , , ,921 4 Driver/Rider impaired by drugs (illicit or ,059 1 medicial) Fatigue , ,214 2 Ucorrected, defective eyesight Driver/Rider illess or disability, metal or , ,699 2 physical Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Rider wearig dark clothig Driver usig mobile phoe Distractio i vehicle , , ,380 3 Distractio outside vehicle , ,

326 RAS50013 Reported road casualties resultig from accidets, by cotributory factor, regio ad coutry, Great Britai, 2014 Cotributory factor reported i accidet 1,2 North East Per Number cet 3 North West Per Number cet 3 Yorkshire ad the Humber East Midlads West Midlads East of Eglad Per Per Per Per Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 Number cet 3 South East Lodo South West Eglad Wales Scotlad Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number Per cet 3 Number/ percetage Great Britai Per Number cet 3 Behaviour or iexperiece 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , Aggressive drivig , , ,746 4 Driver/Rider careless, reckless or i a hurry 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , Driver/Rider ervous, ucertai or paic , ,706 2 Drivig too slow for coditios or slow veh (eg tractor) Learer or iexperieced driver/rider , , ,859 4 Iexperiece of drivig o the left Ufamiliar with model of vehicle , ,262 1 Visio affected by exteral factors , , , , , , , , , , Statioary or parked vehicle(s) , , ,715 3 Vegetatio , ,979 1 Road layout (eg. bed, widig road, hill crest) Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Dazzlig headlights Dazzlig su , ,912 2 Rai, sleet, sow, or fog , ,888 2 Spray from other vehicles Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc. Vehicle blid spot , ,757 1 Pedestria oly (casualty or uijured) , , , , , , , ,764 9 Crossig road masked by statioary or parked , ,749 2 vehicle Pedestria failed to look properly , , , , ,423 7 Pedestria failed to judge vehicle s path or , , ,501 2 speed Pedestria wrog use of pedestria crossig , ,252 1 facility Dagerous actio i carriageway (eg. playig) ,094 1 Pedestria impaired by alcohol , ,846 1 Pedestria impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Pedestria careless, reckless or i a hurry , , ,657 4 Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Pedestria disability or illess, metal or physical Special Codes , , , ,524 5 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Emergecy vehicle o a call Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other , ,669 3 Total umber of accidets 1 5, , , , , , , , , , , , , Icludes oly accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported. 2 Differeces betwee regios may reflect differet reportig practices betwee police forces as well as geuie differeces i the accidets that occur there. 3 Colums may ot add up to 100 per cet as accidets ca have more tha 1 cotributory factor. Telephoe: Source: STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 326

327 Table RAS50015 Cotributory factors to motorcycle accidets 1 by egie size, Great Britai: cc ad uder cc 500cc ad over All motorcycles 2 Cotributory factor attributed to motorcycle Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Number Per cet Failed to look properly , , Loss of cotrol , , , Failed to judge other perso s path or spee , , Poor tur or maoeuvre , Careless, reckless or i a hurry , , Learer or iexperieced driver/rider ,443 8 Slippery road (due to weather) ,410 8 Sudde brakig ,241 7 Travellig too fast for coditios ,005 5 Exceedig speed limit Followig too close Statioary or parked vehicle(s) No factor reported for vehicle , , , All vehicles ivolved i accidets 2, , , , Icludes oly vehicles i accidets where a police officer atteded the scee ad i which a cotributory factor was reported Icludes oly the 10 most frequetly reported cotributory factors for each egie size category. Factors ot show may also have bee reported. A vehicle ivolved i a accidet may have more tha oe cotributory factor assiged to it. Therefore colums may add up to more tha the total. 2 Icludes electric motorcycles ad motorcycles with a ukow egie size Telephoe: Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 327

328 328

329 RAS51 Drik Drive 329

330 330

331 Table RAS51001: Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties i Great Britai: Number Accidets 1 Casualties 1 Year Fatal Serious Slight Total 95% CI lower 2 Killed 95% CI upper 2 Serious Slight Total ,380 5,630 12,460 19,470 : 1,640 : 8,300 21,490 31, ,280 5,430 11,860 18,570 : 1,450 : 7,970 20,420 29, ,200 4,940 10,900 17,040 : 1,420 : 7,370 19,160 27, ,300 5,420 12,070 18,800 : 1,550 : 8,010 20,660 30, ,750 11,430 17,130 : 1,110 : 6,800 18,610 26, ,000 4,790 11,540 17,320 : 1,170 : 6,820 19,410 27, ,900 11,460 17,260 : 1,040 : 6,810 19,380 27, ,590 11,510 16,940 : 990 : 6,440 19,220 26, ,220 10,560 15,560 : 900 : 5,900 17,670 24, ,660 10,190 14,520 : 790 : 5,100 16,860 22, ,390 10,300 14,390 : 810 : 4,790 16,620 22, ,910 9,650 13,210 : 760 : 4,090 15,550 20, ,590 8,530 11,690 : 660 : 3,610 13,610 17, ,360 7,890 10,790 : 660 : 3,280 12,770 16, ,870 7,160 9,480 : 540 : 2,660 11,780 14, ,090 7,330 9,900 : 540 : 2,840 11,780 15, ,140 7,590 10,180 : 540 : 3,000 12,450 16, ,150 8,240 10,870 : 580 : 3,010 13,450 17, ,140 8,100 10,710 : 550 : 2,940 13,310 16, ,860 7,840 10,100 : 460 : 2,520 12,610 15, ,850 8,800 11,050 : 460 : 2,470 13,980 16, ,950 9,410 11, ,540 14,990 18, ,020 9,780 12, ,700 15,550 18, ,050 10,620 13, ,790 16,760 20, ,970 9,930 12, ,590 15,820 18, ,790 8,900 11, ,340 14,060 16, ,550 8,060 10, ,090 12,760 15, ,480 7,430 9, ,970 11,850 14, ,400 7,520 9, ,760 11,850 14, ,280 6,980 8, ,620 10,970 12, ,180 6,530 8, ,500 10,150 12, ,420 6, ,240 8,210 9, ,040 5,430 6, ,270 8,420 9, ,460 6, ,200 8,510 9, ,590 5, ,100 6,930 8, p 880 4,530 5, ,090 6,940 8, Estimates are rouded to the earest te. 2. Upper ad lower rage for fatalities based o the 95% cofidece iterval. 3. No cetral estimates for fatal acciets ad fatalities are available for the first provisioal 2014 estimates. Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Source: Stats19, coroers ad procurators fiscal [email protected] Last updated: 6 Aug 2015 For a methodology ote ad defiitios: Next update: February

332 RAS51002 Breath tests ad breath test failures by drivers ad riders ivolved i reported accidets, Number/percetage Car drivers Ivolved i accidets 291, , , , , , , , , , ,576 Number breath tested 149, , , , , , , , , , ,831 Percetage of drivers ivolved Number failig breath test 1 6,655 6,397 5,873 5,644 4,899 4,594 3,868 3,858 3,655 3,296 3,227 Percetage of drivers breath tested ivolved i accidets Motorcycle riders Ivolved i accidets 26,857 25,870 24,323 24,381 22,427 21,590 19,534 21,059 20,171 19,538 21,378 Number breath tested 12,422 12,221 11,884 12,648 11,569 10,862 9,765 10,785 10,007 9,639 10,181 Percetage of riders ivolved Number failig breath test Percetage of riders breath tested ivolved i accidets Other vehicle drivers Ivolved i accidets 2 43,844 41,277 38,958 37,894 35,258 32,100 31,198 30,322 28,439 27,402 29,456 Number breath tested 22,147 21,331 20,842 20,900 18,717 16,292 15,825 15,417 14,573 14,120 14,860 Percetage of drivers ivolved Number failig breath test Percetage of drivers breath tested ivolved i accidets All driver/riders Ivolved i accidets 362, , , , , , , , , , ,410 Number breath tested 183, , , , , , , , , , ,872 Percetage ivolved Number failig breath test 1 7,430 7,116 6,595 6,279 5,521 5,129 4,288 4,366 4,112 3,727 3,681 Percetage of driver riders breath tested ivolved i accidets Failed or refused to provide a specime of breath. 2 May iclude a very small umber of o-motor vehicle drivers/riders The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

333 RAS51003 Reported breath tests ad breath test failures, all drivers ad riders ivolved by day of week ad time of day, Great Britai, 2014 (a) All motor vehicles ivolved i accidets 1 Number of drivers & riders Hour begiig Moday Tuesday Wedesday Thursday Friday Saturday Suday All days Midight ,081 01: ,128 02: ,538 03: ,295 04: ,194 05: ,001 06: ,621 07:00 1,961 2,225 2,149 2,085 1, ,402 08:00 3,127 3,610 3,481 3,424 2,804 1, ,968 09:00 2,042 2,261 2,017 1,952 1,900 1, ,407 10:00 1,674 1,654 1,703 1,539 1,697 1,907 1,399 11,573 11:00 1,992 1,849 1,780 1,739 2,038 2,494 1,808 13,700 12:00 2,231 2,042 2,040 1,931 2,473 2,591 2,173 15,481 13:00 2,131 1,965 1,986 2,049 2,480 2,581 2,052 15,244 14:00 2,175 2,048 2,053 1,942 2,734 2,365 1,999 15,316 15:00 2,699 2,843 2,989 2,770 3,499 2,077 1,844 18,721 16:00 3,034 3,293 3,074 3,298 3,680 2,233 2,020 20,632 17:00 3,389 3,943 3,981 3,840 3,989 2,233 1,776 23,151 18:00 2,492 2,931 2,907 2,768 3,069 1,930 1,557 17,654 19:00 1,639 1,804 1,951 1,881 2,144 1,580 1,383 12,382 20:00 1,163 1,239 1,141 1,315 1,541 1,199 1,034 8,632 21: , ,592 22: , ,586 23: ,111 All hours 2 35,637 37,607 37,247 36,767 41,012 31,900 26, ,410 1 May iclude a very small umber of o-motor vehicle drivers/riders 2 Icludes cases where hour of day was ot reported. (b) Required to take breath test 1 Number of drivers & riders Hour begiig Moday Tuesday Wedesday Thursday Friday Saturday Suday All days Midight ,630 01: ,129 02: : : : ,044 06: ,498 07:00 1,076 1,225 1,146 1,153 1, ,272 08:00 1,519 1,801 1,718 1,741 1, ,117 09:00 1,072 1,176 1, ,384 10: , ,046 11:00 1, ,036 1,380 1,043 7,216 12:00 1,109 1,003 1, ,271 1,345 1,209 7,943 13:00 1, ,278 1,306 1,097 7,655 14:00 1, , ,427 1,224 1,023 7,731 15:00 1,277 1,339 1,411 1,306 1,758 1, ,143 16:00 1,601 1,646 1,573 1,664 1,918 1,158 1,116 10,676 17:00 1,772 1,999 2,067 1,951 2,087 1, ,028 18:00 1,243 1,426 1,430 1,396 1, ,776 19: , , ,288 20: ,510 21: ,446 22: ,954 23: ,229 All hours 2 18,242 18,911 18,831 18,757 21,222 16,824 14, ,872 1 May iclude a very small umber of o-motor vehicle drivers/riders 2 Icludes cases where hour of day was ot reported. 333

334 RAS51003 Reported breath tests ad breath test failures, all drivers ad riders ivolved by day of week ad time of day, Great Britai, 2014 (c) Failed breath test or refused to provide a specime of breath 1 Number of drivers & riders Hour begiig Moday Tuesday Wedesday Thursday Friday Saturday Suday All days Midight : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : All hours ,681 1 May iclude a very small umber of o-motor vehicle drivers/riders 2 Icludes cases where hour of day was ot reported. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

335 RAS51004 Reported breath tests ad breath test failures by road user type ad age, Great Britai, 2014 Number of drivers or riders/percetage Tested as Failed as a percetage of Ivolved i percetage accidet Tested of ivolved Failed 1 Ivolved Tested Car drivers Uder ,695 5, ,463 13, ,672 12, ,668 10, ,579 9, ,802 19, ,579 14, ,570 8, ad over 11,906 6, Age ot reported 23,572 1, All ages 195, , , Motorcycle riders Uder ,913 1, ,789 1, ,773 1, , , ,323 1, ,409 1, ad over Age ot reported All ages 21,378 10, Bus/coach drivers 6,103 2, Va / Light goods vehicle drivers 14,043 7, Heavy goods vehicle drivers 6,873 4, Other drivers/riders 2 2,437 1, All motor vehicle drivers ad riders 2 Uder ,862 7, ,786 15, ,003 14, ,673 13, ,858 11, ,898 24, ,581 18, ,623 10, ad over 12,562 7, Age ot reported 28,736 1, All ages 246, , , Failed breath test or refused to provide a specime of breath. 2 May iclude a very small umber of o-motor vehicle drivers/riders The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

336 Departmet for Trasport statistics Table RAS51005 Estimated umber of drik drive casualties by casualty type: GB 2013 Numbers Killed or seriously ijured casualties Motor- Car drivers Car Pedestrias Cyclists cyclists Over limit Uder limit passeger Other Male Female Total All ages ,340 Total Casualties , , ,130 1, ,420 1,550 4, All ages ,180 1,520 2, ,570 2,710 8,270 0 = fewer tha 5 casualties Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal 1 Icludes age ot recorded. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 2 May ot sum to total due to roudig 3 Estimates are rouded to the earest te to reflect the ucertaity i makig estimates based o icomplete data sources. Notes & Defiitios Telephoe: Last updated: 6 August [email protected] Next update: September

337 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS51006 Drivers ad riders killed: percetage over the legal blood alcohol limit: GB (fial estimates) Percetage Motorcycle riders Cars ad other motor vehicles Year/ Age Total Total All The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 6 August 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

338 RAS51007 Proportio of killed drivers/riders resultig from reported accidets, by BAC category ad age: GB, 2013 Blood alcohol Cotet (BAC) milligrams (mg) per 100 ml of blood Age Male Female Total Per cet of age group No alcohol preset (0-9 mg) Total Alcohol preset but ot over the limit (10-80 mg) Total Over the limit (81 mg +) Total Of which, over twice the limit (161 mg +) Total All categories Total The defiitio of "o alcohol preset" as 0-9mg is to accout for alcohol which may be aturally preset i the body or is due to the cosumptio of medicatio or products such as mouthwash. Telephoe: [email protected] Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal Notes & Defiitios Last updated: 6 August 2015 Next update: September

339 RAS51008 Killed ad seriously ijured casualties i reported accidets ivolvig youg drivers ad riders (17-24 years old) over the legal alcohol limit: Great Britai Casualty type Youg driver over Passeger of youg driver Year limit over limit Other casualties Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal Telephoe: [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Last updated: 6 August 2015 Next update: September

340 RAS51009 Blood alcohol levels of reported fatalities aged 16 ad over: GB 2013 Cumulative percetage over blood alcohol levels (mg/100ml) Below drivig limit Above drivig limit Sample size Percetage Percetage over drivig limit time of accidet 22:00-03:59 04:00-21:59 Motorcycle riders Car drivers Other vehicle drivers/riders Passegers Pedestrias Pedal cyclists Source: Coroers ad Procurators Fiscal oly Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] A ote o methodology ca be foud at: /methodology-otes-drik-drive.pdf Notes & Defiitios Source: STATS19, Coroers ad Procurators Fiscal Last updated: 6 August 2015 Next update: September

341 RAS51010 Estimated umber of reported road accidets ivolvig a car drik driver, by driver age, accidets per licece holder ad per mile drive: GB, 2005 to 2009 average ad 2013 Number / Rate Drik drive accidets per 100 thousad Drik drive accidets per billio miles Car driver drik drive accidets licece holders drive 2005 to to to Uder ,860 1, , , or over All ages 8,170 5, Figures based o a small NTS sample. 2 Icludes age ot kow. Source: Natioal Travel Survey, STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

342 RAS51011 Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties, by moth: Great Britai 2005/09 average, Number Ja Feb Mar Apr May Jue July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 2005/09 average Accidets ,080 Casualties 1,100 1,010 1,120 1,130 1,260 1,170 1,150 1,240 1,110 1,180 1,210 1,080 13, Accidets ,690 Casualties , Accidets ,630 Casualties , Accidets ,690 Casualties ,270 Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal 1 Totals may ot sum due to roudig The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 6 August 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

343 RAS51012 Reported drik drive accidets 1, by time of day: 2013 Accidets Percetage Hour of day % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % All 2 3, % Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal 1 Does ot iclude estimates for accidets where a breath test or blood alcohol test was ot available (e.g - hit ad ru accidets or cases where o coroer data were available). 2 Icludes cases where hour of accidet is uavailable The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 6 August [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios 343

344 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS51013 Estimated reported drik drive accidets by pedestria ad vehicle ivolvemet: GB 2013 Accidet severity Fatal Serious Slight All Severities Pedestria casualtiies Pedestria casualtiies Pedestria casualtiies Pedestria casualtiies Number of vehicles ivolved No Yes All No Yes All No Yes All No Yes All , ,910 2, , , ,070 2, ,450 3 or more Total , ,590 5, ,690 0 = fewer tha 5 accidets 1 May ot sum to total due to roudig The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 2 Estimates are rouded to the earest te to reflect the ucertaity i makig estimates based o icomplete data sources. Telephoe: Last updated: 6 August [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios 344

345 RAS51014 Motor vehicle drivers ad riders ivolved i persoal ijury road accidets: breath tests ad failures GB Number / Percetage a. All drivers / b. Tests c. Tests failed / Testig rate Test failure rate Total failure rate riders ivolved 1 requested refused (b/a x 100) (c/b x 100) (c/a x 100) , ,253 8, , ,292 8, , ,999 7, , ,239 7, , ,290 6, , ,572 6, , ,994 5, , ,933 5, , ,264 4, , ,650 4, , ,016 4, , ,956 3, , ,872 3, May iclude a small umber of o-motorized vehicle drivers Source: STATS19 Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 6 August 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

346 RAS51015 Car drivers i reported ijury road accidets: breath tests ad failures: GB 2014 Male Female Number/percetage a: Ivolved i accidet b: Tested c: Failed b as % of a c as % of b c as % of a a: Ivolved i accidet b: Tested c: Failed b as % of a c as % c as % of of b a < ,370 3, ,314 2, ,710 8, ,679 4, ,341 7, ,238 4, ,731 6, ,722 4, ,878 5, ,600 3, ,055 11, ,618 7, ,979 9, ,536 5, ,666 5, ,865 2, ,076 4, ,799 1, All ages 1 113,066 64,410 2, ,245 37, Icludes age ot kow Source: STATS19 Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 6 August 2015 Notes ad defiitios see: Next update: September

347 RAS51016 Reported roadside screeig breath tests ad breath test failures: Eglad ad Wales Number (thousads) / percetage Roadside screeig breath tests Positive/refused breath tests Percetage Source: Home Office Telephoe: [email protected] The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Notes & Defiitios Last updated: 6 August 2015 Next update: September

348 RAS51017 Screeig test results, by reaso for test 1 : Eglad ad Wales 2, 2014 Number / Per cet Reaso for test 0-4 mcg 5-20 mcg mcg mcg mcg 81 mcg + % Uder the limit % Over the limit Movig Traffic Offece 90,560 5,444 2,830 2,096 2,992 2, Road Traffic Collisio 3 97,709 2,288 1,664 1,735 3,419 3, Suspicio of Alcohol 36,389 5,547 3,294 2,707 4,203 3, Other/ ukow 24,024 1,185 1,144 1,176 1,484 1, All 248,682 14,464 8,932 7,714 12,098 10, Source: DfT digital breath test data 1 Multiple reasos ca occur at the same icidet. The breath test devices do ot allow multiple reasos to be recorded ad it is at the discretio of the reportig officer which reaso is recorded. Care should therefore be take whe comparig the reasos listed i the table. 2 Data is ot received from all police forces. As such, these figures do ot cover all tests carried out i Eglad ad Wales. They ca be used to aalyze distributios ad proportios of tests ad results, but are ot a accurate reflectio of the absolute umber of tests. 3 Icludes damage-oly accidets, as well as those ivolvig persoal ijury. The figures i this table are outside the scope of Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September 2016 Notes & Defiitios 348

349 RAS51018 Results of screeig breath tests followig a road traffic collisio 1 : Eglad ad Wales 2, 2014 Negative Positive Number All 0-4 mcg 5-20 mcg mcg mcg mcg 81 mcg ad over Uder the limit Over the limit Male 5, , Female 1, , Male 9, ,610 1,467 Female 4, , Male 7, ,100 1,260 Female 3, , Male 13, ,576 1,672 Female 5, , Male 13, ,821 1,059 Female 5, , Male 9, , Female 3, , Male 5, , Female 2, , Male 4, , Female 1, , Male 69,965 1,919 1,389 1,421 2,790 2,632 73,273 6,843 Female 27, ,161 1,872 Total 97,495 2,281 1,658 1,730 3,412 3, ,434 8,715 Source: DfT digital breath test data 1 Icludes damage-oly accidets, as well as those ivolvig persoal ijury. 2 Data is ot received from all police forces. As such, these figures do ot cover all tests carried out i Eglad ad Wales. They ca be used to aalyze distributios ad proportios of tests ad results, but are ot a accurate reflectio of the absolute umber of tests. Telephoe: The figures i this table are outside the scope of Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

350 RAS51019 Estimated umber of reported drik drive accidets ad casualties, by regio: GB 2013 Accidets Casualties Fatal Serious Slight Total Killed Seriously ijured Killed or seriously ijured Slightly ijured Total North East North West ,040 Yorkshire & the Humber East Midlads West Midlads East South East ,130 1,330 Lodo South West Eglad ,050 5, ,160 6,140 7,300 Wales Scotlad Total ,590 5, ,100 1,340 6,930 8,270 Source: STATS19, coroers ad procurators fiscal 1 Totals may ot sum due to roudig 2 Figures rouded to the earest te to reflect the ucertaity associated with makig estimates from icomplete data sources. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

351 RAS51020 Car drivers i reported ijury road accidets, breath tests ad failures by regio, Eglad, 2014 Number/Percetage (a) Ivolved (b) as (c) as i accidet (b) Tested (c) Failed % of (a) % of (a) North East Uder , or over Age ot reported All 7,353 3, North West Uder ,251 1, ,232 1, ,442 1, ,799 1, ,617 2, ,692 1, ,641 1, or over 1, Age ot reported 1, All 20,615 12, Yorkshire ad the Uder Humber ,089 1, ,024 1, , , ,097 1, ,237 1, , or over 1, Age ot reported 1, All 17,682 9, East Midlads Uder ,837 1, ,684 1, , , ,567 1, ,885 1, , or over Age ot reported 2, All 15,484 8, West Midlads Uder ,070 1, ,975 1, , , ,005 1, ,051 1, , or over Age ot reported 2, All 17,853 8, East of Eglad Uder ,216 1, ,015 1, ,914 1, ,751 1, ,342 2, ,460 1, , or over 1, Age ot reported 2, All 19,642 11, Lodo Uder , ,993 1, ,892 1, ,757 1, ,922 1, ,317 1, , or over Age ot reported 6, All 29,156 8,

352 RAS51020 Car drivers i reported ijury road accidets, breath tests ad failures by regio, Eglad, 2014 Number/Percetage (a) Ivolved (b) as (c) as i accidet (b) Tested (c) Failed % of (a) % of (a) South East Uder 20 1,592 1, ,474 2, ,327 2, ,193 1, ,700 1, ,603 3, ,098 2, ,573 1, or over 2,223 1, Age ot reported 3, All 32,300 18, South West Uder ,814 1, , , , ,689 1, ,112 1, , or over 1, Age ot reported 1, All 15,733 8, Eglad Uder 20 7,565 4, ,097 11, ,593 10, ,735 9, ,002 8, ,192 17, ,777 12, ,912 7, or over 10,495 6, Age ot reported 22,450 1, All 175,818 89,844 2, Telephoe: Source: DfT STATS19 [email protected] Notes & Defiitios Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September 2016 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 352

353 Table RAS51021 Reported motorcyclist breath tests ad failure rates by age, Great Britai: 2014 Number ivolved i accidets All motorcyclists Number tested Number of failures Number/percetage Percetage failure Motorcyclists All motor vehicles (ic. motorcyclists) Uder ,593 1, ,789 1, ,773 1, , , ,323 1, ,409 1, ad over All ages 1 21,378 10, Icludes tests where the age was ot kow Source: Road Accidet Statistics, DfT Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 Spetember 2015 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

354 RAS51101: Self-reported drik drivig a. As a proportio of all drivers 1 Percetage I the last 12 moths how ofte, if at all, have you drive whe you thik you may have bee over the legal alcohol limit? 2009/ / / / / /15 At least oce % cofidece: upper limit % cofidece: lower limit of which Every day/almost every day A few times a week Oce or twice a week Oce or twice a moth Oce every couple of moths Oce or twice i the last 12 moths Not at all of which Druk alcohol i the last 12 moths Not druk alcohol i the last 12 moths All drivers A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. For base sample size, see table ras51102a. 5. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. 6. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

355 RAS51101: Self-reported drik drivig b. As a proportio of all drivers 1 who have druk alcohol i the last 12 moths Percetage I the last 12 moths how ofte, if at all, have you drive whe you thik you may have bee over the legal alcohol limit? 2009/ / / / / /15 At least oce % cofidece: upper limit % cofidece: lower limit of which Every day/almost every day A few times a week Oce or twice a week Oce or twice a moth Oce every couple of moths Oce or twice i the last 12 moths Not at all All drivers who have druk alcohol i last 12 moths A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. For base sample size, see table ras51102b. 5. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. 6. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

356 RAS51102: Self-reported drik drivig by age ad sex a. As a proportio of all drivers 1 Percetage Percetage reportig drivig whilst thikig they are over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i last 12 moths Uweighted base (sample size) 2009/ / / / / / / /15 average 2009/ / / / / /15 All adults ,156 10,251 20,048 15,674 15,917 14,658 Males ,797 4,998 9,789 7,468 7,752 7,033 Females ,359 5,253 10,259 8,206 8,165 7,625 Age Age , , Age , ,967 1,446 1,451 1,386 Age ,250 2,663 5,141 4,060 4,048 3,785 Age ,147 3,143 6,097 4,756 4,829 4,400 Age 50 ad over ,142 2,612 5,195 4,263 4,435 4, A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. Three year averages have bee provided for more robust figures for some variables with small sample sizes. 5. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: 2016 Crime Survey Techical Note 356

357 RAS51102: Self-reported drik drivig by age ad sex b. As a proportio of all drivers 1 who have druk alcohol i the last 12 moths Percetage Percetage reportig drivig whilst thikig they are over the legal alcohol limit at least oce i last 12 moths Uweighted base (sample size) 2009/ / / / / / / /15 average 2009/ / / / / /15 All adults ,344 9,358 18,056 14,019 14,071 12,847 Males ,016 4,621 8,916 6,764 6,918 6,233 Females ,328 4,737 9,140 7,255 7,153 6,614 Age Age , , Age , ,967 1,446 1,451 1,386 Age ,250 2,663 5,141 4,060 4,048 3,785 Age ,147 3,143 6,097 4,756 4,829 4,400 Age 50 ad over ,142 2,612 5,195 4,263 4,435 4, A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. Three year averages have bee provided for more robust figures for some variables with small sample sizes. 5. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: 2016 Crime Survey Techical Note 357

358 RAS51103: Self-reported drug drivig a. As a proportio of all drivers 1 Percetage I the last 12 moths how ofte, if at all, have you drive whe you thik you may have bee affected by or uder the ifluece of illegal drugs? 2009/ / / / / /15 At least oce % cofidece: upper limit % cofidece: lower limit of which Every day/almost every day A few times a week Oce or twice a week Oce or twice a moth Oce every couple of moths Oce or twice i the last 12 moths Not at all of which Take drugs i the last 12 moths Not take drugs i the last 12 moths All drivers A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. For base sample size, see table ras51104a. 5. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. 6. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

359 RAS51103: Self-reported drug drivig b. As a proportio of all drivers 1 who have take drugs i the last 12 moths Percetage I the last 12 moths how ofte, if at all, have you drive whe you thik you may have bee affected by or uder the ifluece of illegal drugs? 2009/ / / / / /15 At least oce % cofidece: upper limit % cofidece: lower limit of which Every day/almost every day A few times a week Oce or twice a week Oce or twice a moth Oce every couple of moths Oce or twice i the last 12 moths Not at all All drivers who have take drugs i last 12 moths A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. For base sample size, see table ras51104b. 5. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigifica 6. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

360 RAS51104: Self-reported drug drivig by age ad sex a. As a proportio of all drivers 1 Percetage Percetage reportig drivig whilst thikig they are uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i last 12 moths Uweighted sample size 2009/ / / / / / / /15 average 2009/ / / / / /15 All adults ,507 10,221 19,935 15,652 15,805 14,606 Males ,237 4,977 9,743 7,458 7,689 7,006 Females ,270 5,244 10,192 8,194 8,116 7,600 Age Age , Age , ,942 1,446 1,434 1,373 Age ,765 2,632 5,064 4,041 3,986 3,739 Age ,104 3,143 6,076 4,745 4,799 4,387 Age 50 ad over ,594 2,629 5,222 4,278 4,456 4, A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. Three year averages have bee provided for more robust figures for some variables with small sample sizes. 5. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

361 RAS51104: Self-reported drug drivig by age ad sex b. As a proportio of all drivers 1 who have take drugs i the last 12 moths Percetage Percetage reportig drivig whilst thikig they are uder the ifluece of illegal drugs at least oce i last 12 moths Uweighted base (sample size) 2009/ / / / / / / /15 average 2009/ / / / / /15 All adults , , ,285 Males Females Age Age Age Age Age Age 50 ad over A "driver" i this cotext is a survey respodet who stated they had drive at least oce i the last 12 moths. 2. Data for 2010/11 owards is for fiacial years (Apr - Mar). Data for 2009/10 is for the period Oct 2009 to Sept Percetages below 0.1% are suppressed ad show as " - " 4. Cautio is eeded whe lookig at treds ad differeces ivolvig small sample sizes or very low percetages. Small differeces may ot be statistically sigificat. Three year averages have bee provided for more robust figures for some variables with small sample sizes. 5. May ot sum to totals due to roudig. Source: ONS Crime Survey for Eglad ad Wales Telephoe: The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics [email protected] Last updated: 24 September 2015 Crime Survey Techical Note Next update:

362 362

363 RAS52 Iteratioal comparisos 363

364 364

365 RAS52001 Iteratioal comparisos of road deaths 1 : umber ad rates for differet road users: by selected coutries: 2012 ad 2013 (provisioal) Number of car user deaths Number of pedestria deaths Pedestria deaths per millio populatio Pedestria (aged 0-14) deaths per millio populatio Childre (aged 0-14) deaths per millio populatio Number of road deaths Road deaths per millio populatio Number of road deaths Road deaths per millio populatio Eglad , , Wales Scotlad Great Britai , , Norther Irelad Uited Kigdom , , Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Demark Estoia Filad Frace 1, , , Germay 1, , , Greece Hugary Irish Republic Italy 1, , , Latvia Lithuaia Luxembourg Malta Netherlads Polad 1,448 1, , , Portugal Romaia , , Slovakia Sloveia Spai , , Swede Israel Icelad Norway Switzerlad Australia , , Caada 1, , Japa 1,081 1, , , New Zealad Republic of Korea 1,195 1, , , Uited States of America 11,977 4, , , The figures for o Uited Kigdom coutries are outside the scope of Natioal Statistics. 1 I accordace with the commoly agreed iteratioal defiitio, most coutries defie a fatality as oe beig due to a road accidet where death occurs withi 30 days of the accidet. The official road accidet statistics of some coutries however, limit the fatalities to those occurrig withi shorter periods after the accidet. Numbers of deaths ad death rates i the above table have bee adjusted accordig to the factors used by the Ecoomic Commissio for Europe ad the Iteratioal Trasport Forum (ITF) (formerly kow as ECMT) to represet stadardised 30-day deaths: Italy (7 days) +8%; Frace (6 days) +5.7%; Portugal (1 day) +14%; Republic of Korea (3 days) +15%. 2 Source: Iteratioal Road Traffic ad Accidet Database (OECD), ETSC, EUROSTAT ad CARE (EU road accidets database) data Telephoe: [email protected] Last updated: 25 September 2014 Notes & Defiitios Next update: September

366 RAS52001 Iteratioal comparisos of road deaths: umber ad rates for differet road users: by selected coutries: 2013 ad 2014 (provisioal) - Charts 120 Road deaths per millio populatio: 2013 ad 2014 (provisioal) Rate per millio populatio Child (aged 0-14) deaths per millio populatio: Rate per millio populatio Pedestria deaths per millio populatio: rate per millio populatio

367 RAS53 Passeger casualty rates for differet modes of travel 367

368 368

369 RAS53001 (Alterative umber tsgb0107) Passeger casualty rates by mode: Per billio passeger kilometres average Air 2 Killed KSI All Rail 5,6 Killed All Water 7 Killed KSI Bus or coach 8 Killed KSI All Car 9 Killed KSI All Va 9 Killed KSI All Motorcycles 9 Killed KSI 1,209 1,127 1,175 1,141 1,113 1,054 1,044 1,119 1,094 1,112 1,124 All 4,663 4,299 4,227 3,972 3,966 3,749 3,764 4,019 3,929 4,011 4,085 Pedal cycle Killed KSI All 4,043 3,839 3,598 3,945 3,566 3,575 3,555 3,889 3,816 3,860 3,764 Pedestria Killed KSI All 1,832 1,789 1,625 1,657 1,526 1,410 1,441 1,415 1,403 1,281 1,525 The figures for Air, Rail ad Water modes are outside the scope of Natioal Statistics 1 Figures have bee revised from those published i previous years. See Notes ad Defiitios for more details. Notes & Defiitios 2 Passeger casualties i accidets ivolvig UK registered airlie aircraft i UK ad foreig airspace. 3 KSI =Killed or seriously ijured 4 All = Killed, seriously ad slightly ijured 5 Fiacial years ad Natioal Rail oly. 6 Passeger casualties ivolved i trai accidets ad accidets occurig through movemet of railway vehicles. Figures up to 2008/09 oly iclude frachised trai operators, from 2009/10 they also iclude the o-frachised operators First Hull Trais, Grad Cetral ad, util it ceased operatig i Jauary 7 Passeger casualties o UK registered merchat vessels. From 2010 there are o UK registered Cruise ships. 8 Fiacial year passeger kilometres data revised from 2004/05. A break i the local bus series (outside Lodo) due to chages i the estimatio methodology from 2004/05 mea figures before 2004/05 are ot comparable. 9 Driver ad passeger casualties. Telephoe: Last updated: November [email protected] Next update: November

370 370

371 RAS54 Natioal Travel Survey Data 371

372 372

373 RAS54001 Ijuries i road accidets, NTS compared to STATS19 Number/percetage Natioal Travel Survey (2012/14): Proportio of idividuals ijured i road accidets 1 STATS19: GB 2010/14 average Sample size (uweighted) Last 3 years Last 12 moths Ijured casualties as a % the of populatio 5 All adults 2,3 43, , Males 21, , Females 22, , Age , , Age , , Age , , Age , , Age , , Age , , Age , , Childre 4 10, , Based o Eglad oly residet sample The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 2 Icludes casualties aged 16 years or over oly 3 Icludes casualties where the age/geder were ot recorded i STATS19 4 Aged < 16 years 5 Based o 2010/14 populatio average Source: DfT STATS19, Natioal Travel Survey (Tables NTS0623 ad NTS0625) ad Office for Natioal Statistics populatio estimates Notes & Defiitios For details of the estimatio methodology, see chapter of 2012 Aual Report: Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

374 RAS54002 Road user type of adults 1 ijured i road accidets: NTS (2012/14) based o the details of road accidets i the past three years ad STATS19 (2010/14 average) Natioal Travel Survey (2012/14) 2 Proportio of ijured road users Number/percetage STATS19 (2010/14 average) Car Occupat Cyclist 14 9 Motorcyclist 5 11 Pedestria 8 10 Other Icludes casualties aged 16 years or over oly Source: DfT STATS19 ad Natioal Travel Survey NTS Based o Eglad oly residet sample The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Notes & Defiitios For details of the estimatio methodology, see chapter of 2012 Aual Report: Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

375 RAS54003 (NTS0624) Ijuries sustaied i road accidet i the last three years: NTS (2012/14) 1 Type of ijury experieced 2 per cet Medical attetio 2 per cet Slight No medical attetio 28 Whiplash 55 First aid at roadside 15 Mior bruisig or cuts 38 At GP surgery 33 Slight shock 27 At a mior ijuries uit 7 Sprais 11 At Accidet ad Emergecy 31 As a ipatiet i hospital 3 5 Serious Other 11 Fracture/broke boes 11 Severe shock 7 Severe cuts 6 Cocussio 6 Iteral ijuries 4 Crushig 2 Burs 1 Other 10 1 Based o Eglad oly sample Source: DfT Natioal Travel Survey (sample size 1,296) Table NTS Percetages sum to more tha 100 as more tha oe aswer may be give. 3 At least oe ight spet o a hospital ward The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Notes & Defiitios For details of the estimatio methodology, see chapter of 2012 Aual Report: Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

376 RAS54004 Estimates of the aual o-fatal road casualties i Great Britai usig Natioal Travel Survey data compared with casualties recorded i STATS19 (2010/14) Cetral estimate 1,2 Number (thousads, estimates rouded to earest 10 thousad) STATS19 Ijured Approx. 95% Cofidece Limits casualties Lower Upper (10/14 avg) All road casualties Adults Childre Seriously ijured 90 60* 120* 23 Slightly ijured * 720* 173 Adult casualties: Car occupats Pedal cyclists Motorcyclists Pedestrias Others Some figures may ot add up to the total due to roudig Source: STATS19 ad Natioal Travel Survey 2 NTS figures are based o Eglad oly residet sample but have bee multiplied by Great Britai * these estimates are ot approximate cofidece limits, but a rage to illustrate the ucertaity aroud Notes & Defiitios For details of the estimatio methodology, see chapter of 2012 Aual Report: The figures i this table are outside the scope of Natioal Statistics Telephoe: Last updated: 24 September [email protected] Next update: September

377 RAS60 Accidet ad casualty costs 377

378 378

379 RAS60001 Average value of prevetio 1 per reported casualty ad per reported road accidet 2 : GB Accidet/casualty type Cost per casualty Cost per accidet Fatal 1,836,054 2,066,732 Serious 206, ,791 Slight 15,905 24,887 Average for all severities 54,849 77,825 Damage oly - 2,204 1 The costs were based o 2014 prices ad values 2 The umber of reported road accidets were based o 2014 data Telephoe: [email protected] Notes ad defiitios o STATS19 see: For further iformatio o Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG, see: For more iformatio o the accidet ad casualty aalysis, see the chapter i the 2012 Aual Report: Source: STATS19, Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG Last updated: 24 September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Next update: September

380 RAS60002 Average value of prevetio 1 of reported road accidets 2 by road type: GB Road Type Accidet Type Built-up roads 3 No Built-up roads 4 Motorways 5 All Roads Fatal 1,982,923 2,129,474 2,202,179 2,066,732 Serious 226, , , ,791 Slight 23,531 28,399 34,149 24,887 All ijury accidets 63, ,642 91,786 77,825 Damage oly 2,085 3,050 2,931 2,204 All accidets 5,349 17,322 13,263 6,856 1 The costs were based o 2014 prices ad values 2 The umber of reported road accidets were based o 2014 data 3 Roads with speed limits of 40pmh or less, excludig motorways ad A(M) roads 4 Roads with speed limits greater tha 40mph, excludig motorways ad A(M) roads 5 Icludes motorways ad A(M) roads Telephoe: [email protected] Notes ad defiitios o STATS19 see: For further iformatio o Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG, see: For more iformatio o the accidet ad casualty aalysis, see the chapter i the 2012 Aual Report: Source: STATS19, Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG Last updated: 24 September 2015 The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Next update: September

381 RAS60003 Total value of prevetio 1 of reported accidets by severity 2 ad cost elemet: GB 2014 Casualty related costs Cost Elemets Accidet related costs millio (2014 prices) Accidet severity Lost output Medical ad Ambulace Huma costs Police costs Isurace ad admi Damage to property Fatal 1, , ,427 Serious , ,875 Slight , ,086 All ijury accidets 2, , ,388 Damage oly accidets ,701 4,920 All accidets 2, , ,249 16,307 1 The costs were based o 2014 prices ad values 2 The umber of reported road accidets were based o 2014 data The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Last updated: 24 September 2015 Telephoe: Next update: September [email protected] Notes ad defiitios o STATS19 see: For further iformatio o Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG, see: Source: STATS19, Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG For more iformatio o the accidet ad casualty aalysis, see the chapter i the 2012 Aual Report: Total 381

382 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS60004 Total value of prevetio 1 of reported accidets 2 by severity ad road type: GB 2014 Road Type millio Accidet severity Built-up roads 3 No built-up roads 4 Motorways 5 All roads Fatal 1,491 1, ,427 Serious 3,227 1, ,875 Slight 2, ,086 All reported ijury accidets 6,961 3, ,388 Damage oly accidets 4, ,920 All accidets 6 11,032 4, ,307 1 The costs were based o 2014 prices ad values The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics 2 The umber of reported road accidets were based o 2014 data 3 Icludes roads with speed limits of 40pmh or less, excludig motorways ad A(M) roads 4 Icludes roads with speed limits greater tha 40mph, excludig motorways ad A(M) roads 5 Icludes motorways ad A(M) roads Source: STATS19, Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG Last updated: 24 September 2015 Next update: September 2016 Telephoe: [email protected] Notes ad defiitios o STATS19 see: For further iformatio o Trasport Aalysis Guidace - WebTAG, see: For more iformatio o the accidet ad casualty aalysis, see the chapter i the 2012 Aual Report: 382

383 RAS61 Motor Offeces 383

384 384

385 TSGB0811 (Alterative umber RAS61001): Motorig offeces Fidigs of guilt at all courts: Icludes all motorig offeces which have resulted i a fidig of guilt either after a summary trial at Magistrates' Court or else at the Crow Court. The figures relate to persos for whom these offeces were the pricipal offeces for which they were dealt with. Whe a defedat has bee foud guilty of two or more offeces it is the offece for which the heaviest pealty is imposed. Where the same disposal is imposed for two or more offeces, the offece selected is the offece for which the statutory maximum pealty is the most severe. Offeces have bee aggregated i ras61001 accordig to the groupigs i the 'offeces' worksheet. Fixed pealty otices: A large umber of motorig offeces are dealt with by fixed pealty otices. Uder the exteded fixed pealty system itroduced by the Trasport Act 1982, ow icorporated i Part III of the Road Traffic Offeders Act 1988, the police ca issue fixed pealty otices for a wide rage of offeces. The court ca automatically register a upaid otice as a fie without ay court appearace. Writte warigs: These iclude cautios give i lieu of prosecutios for offeces where there would have bee eough evidece to support a prosecutio. Iformal warigs ad advice, whether oral or writte, are ot icluded. Obstructio, waitig ad parkig offeces are dealt with both by fixed pealty otices ad pealty charge otices. Pealty Charge Notices are issued by Local Authorities uder Civil Parkig Eforcemet powers. The fall i fixed pealty otices issued by the police ca be attributed maily to more local authorities issuig Pealty Charge Notices. Further iformatio o decrimialised parkig, icludig data collected from Local Authorities by the Departmet for Trasport ca be foud at: 385

386 RAS61001 Offece groupigs The followig offece groupigs have bee used to aggregate Miistry of Justice data (from the "Motorig data tool" available at: "Crimial justice system statistics quarterly: December 2014") Offece group Dagerous, careless or druke drivig etc Accidet offeces Uauthorised takig or theft of motor vehicle Licece, isurace ad record keepig offeces Vehicle test ad coditio offeces Speed limit offeces Other offeces relatig to motor vehicles Offece type 01. Causig death by dagerous drivig 02. Causig death by careless drivig uder ifluece of drik or drugs 03. Causig death by careless or icosiderate drivig 04. Causig death by drivig ulicesed, disqualified or uisured drivers 05. Causig death by aggravated vehicle takig 06. Causig serious ijury by careless drivig 07. Causig bodily harm by furious drivig 08. Causig dager by iterferig with a vehicle, road or traffic equipmet 09. Dagerous drivig 10. Drivig with alcohol i the blood above the prescribed limit 11. Drivig ad failig to provide specime for aalysis (breath, blood or urie) 12. I charge of motor vehicle with alcohol i the blood above the prescribed limit 13. I charge of motor vehicle while ufit through drik or drugs (impairmet) 14. I charge of motor vehicle ad failig to provide specime for aalysis (breath, blood or urie) 15. I charge of stole vehicle while ufit through drik (impairmet) 16. I charge of stole vehicle while ufit through drugs (impairmet) 17. Ufit to drive through drik (impairmet) 18. Ufit to drive through drugs (impairmet) 19. Ufit to drive through drik or drugs (impairmet) 20. Failig to provide specime for iitial breath test 21. Failig to allow specimes of blood to be subjected to laboratory test 22. Usig or causig others to use a mobile phoe whilst drivig 23. Careless drivig offeces (excl. mobile phoe offeces) 24. Failig to stop after accidet, etc 25. Failig to report accidet withi 24 hours 26. Failig to give ame ad address after accidet 27. Causig ijury ad damage by aggravated vehicle takig 28. Summary aggravated vehicle takig 29. Causig crimial damage of 5000 or uder by aggravated vehicle takig 30. Theft of a motor vehicle 31. Drivig while disqualified 32. Drivig or causig or permittig aother perso to drive other tha i accordace with licece 33. Other drivig licece related offeces 34. Usig motor vehicle uisured agaist third party risks 35. Keepig vehicle which does ot meet isurace requiremets 36. Makig false statemets or withholdig material iformatio 37. Other isurace offeces (excludig fraud ad forgery) 38. Vehicle registratio ad excise licece offeces 39. Work record ad employmet offeces 40. Fraud ad forgery: Drivig licece 41. Fraud ad forgery: Isurace certificate 42. Fraud ad forgery: Registratio ad licesig 43. Fraud ad forgery: Other 44. Defective vehicle parts 45. Vehicle test offeces 46. Speed limit offeces 47. Neglectig road regulatios (other tha speedig) 48. Failig to supply iformatio as to idetity of driver whe required 49. Miscellaeous (other) offeces 386

387 Departmet for Trasport statistics RAS61001 (TSGB0811) Motor vehicle offeces: fidigs of guilt at all courts, fixed pealty otices ad writte warigs by type of offece, Eglad ad Wales: Thousads of offeces Offece type: Dagerous, careless or druke drivig etc Accidet offeces Speed limit offeces 2,071 2,134 1,977 1,607 1,351 1,201 1, Uauthorised takig or theft of motor vehicle Licece, isurace ad record keepig offeces Vehicle test ad coditio offeces Other offeces relatig to motor vehicles 3 1,462 1,163 1,055 1, All offeces 4,333 4,075 3,814 3,330 2,933 2,679 2,426 1,966 1,799 1, For details o vehicle offeces dealt with by the courts see Miistry of Justice Statistical Bulleti, "Crimial justice system statistics quarterly: December 2014" ad associated "Motorig data tool" 2. For details o fixed pealty otices ad writte warigs see Home Office Statistical Bulleti, "Police powers ad procedures Eglad ad Wales year edig 31 March 2014" From 2011 owards this category icludes fixed pealty otices for offeces relatig to the failure of employers to moitor ad observe limits o hours of drivig, to esure rest requiremets are beig met. 4. Data for 2011, 2012 ad 2013 extracted from PetiP are ot directly comparable with data from the previous system. 5. The figures i this table have bee revised from previous versios as the Miistry of Justice data o fidigs of guilt at all courts for motorig offeces are ow published o a priciple offece basis. I cotrast, previous versios of this table cotaied all offeces i.e. pricipal ad secodary. Cotact: [email protected] Last updated: September 2015 Source - Miistry of Justice Next update: tbc The figures i this table are Natioal Statistics Cotact: [email protected] Source - Home Office 387

388 388

389 Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: otes, defiitios, symbols ad covetios Notes The statistics refer to persoal ijury accidets o public roads (icludig footways) which become kow to the police withi 30 days. I particular, damage-oly accidets, with o huma casualties or accidets o private roads or car parks are ot icluded The data are collected by police at the scee of a accidet or i some cases reported by a member of the public at a police statio. Some 50 data items are collected for each accidet, icludig the time ad locatio of the accidet, the types of vehicles ivolved ad what they were doig at the time of the accidet, ad some iformatio o the drivers ad casualties ivolved. The data are processed ad the passed by the police (or their aget) to the Departmet for fial checkig ad aalysis. The form (STATS19) used to collect the statistics ad istructios (STATS20) which give more detail o the defiitios used for completio) are published by the Departmet for Trasport, the Scottish Govermet ad the Welsh Assembly Govermet, o the DfT website at: As oted above, statistics o road safety i Great Britai are mostly based o accidets reported to the police via the STATS19 system. Comparisos with death registratio statistics show that very few, if ay, road accidet fatalities are ot reported to the police. However, it has log bee kow that a cosiderable proportio of o-fatal casualties are ot kow to the police, as hospital, survey ad compesatio claims data all idicate a higher umber of casualties tha are reported. The Departmet produces a aual best estimate of the total umber of road casualties i Great Britai each year, icludig those ot reported to police. This is derived primarily from Natioal Travel Survey (NTS) data, which, from 2013 is based o a Eglad oly residet sample. The latest such estimates, alog with a descriptio of how the have bee derived ad their limitatios, are set out i a aual article published i the i Reported Road Casualties Great Britai aual report. The STATS19 data are therefore ot a complete record of all ijury accidets ad this should be bore i mid whe usig ad aalysig the data. However, they remai the most detailed, complete ad reliable sigle source of iformatio o road casualties coverig the whole of Great Britai, i particular for moitorig treds over time. 389

390 Defiitios Accidet: Ivolves persoal ijury occurrig o the public highway (icludig footways) i which at least oe road vehicle or a vehicle i collisio with a pedestria is ivolved ad which becomes kow to the police withi 30 days of its occurrece. Oe accidet may give rise to several casualties. Damage-oly accidets are ot icluded i this publicatio. Adults: Persos aged 16 years ad over (except where otherwise stated). Agricultural vehicles: Maily comprises agricultural tractors (whether or ot towig) but also icludes mobile excavators ad frot dumpers. Built-up roads: Accidets o built-up roads are those which occur o roads with speed limits (igorig temporary limits) of 40 mph or less. No built-up roads refer to speed limits over 40 mph. Motorway accidets are show separately ad are excluded from the totals for built-up ad o built-up roads. Buses ad coaches: Buses or coaches equipped to carry 17 or more passegers, regardless of use. Cars: Icludes taxis, estate cars, three ad four wheel cars ad miibuses except where otherwise stated. Also icludes motor caravas prior to Casualty: A perso killed or ijured i a accidet. Casualties are sub-divided ito killed, seriously ijured ad slightly ijured. Childre: Persos uder 16 years of age (except where otherwise stated). Darkess: From half a hour after suset to half a hour before surise, i.e. lightig-up time. Daylight: All times other tha darkess. DfT: Departmet for Trasport Drivers: Persos i cotrol of vehicles other tha pedal cycles, motorcycles ad ridde aimals (see riders). Other occupats of vehicles are passegers. Failed breath test: Drivers or riders who were tested with a positive result, or who failed or refused to provide a specime of breath (see ote o Table RAS51002 i "Notes to idividual tables" for the coverage of breath test data). Fatal accidet: A accidet i which at least oe perso is killed. Goods vehicles: These are divided ito two groups accordig to vehicle weight. They iclude takers, tractor uits without their semi-trailers, trailers, articulated vehicles ad pick-up trucks. 390

391 Heavy goods vehicles (HGV): Goods vehicles over 3.5 toes maximum permissible gross vehicle weight (gvw). Light goods vehicles: Goods vehicles, maily vas (icludig car derived vas), ot over 3.5 toes maximum permissible gross vehicle weight. Ijury accidet: A accidet ivolvig huma ijury or death. Killed: Huma casualties who sustaied ijuries which caused death less tha 30 days (before 1954, about two moths) after the accidet. Cofirmed suicides are excluded. KSI: Killed or seriously ijured. Light Goods Vehicle: see Goods vehicles Motorcycles: Two-wheel motor vehicles, icludig mopeds, motor scooters ad motor cycle combiatios. Motorways: Motorway ad A(M) roads. Mobility scooter: A powered wheelchair or scooter with a maximum ulade weight of 150kg ad a maximum speed of 8mph. Other roads: All B, C ad uclassified roads, uless otherwise oted (i.e. Table RAS30009). Other vehicles: Other vehicles iclude ambulaces, fire egies, trams, refuse vehicles, road rollers, agricultural vehicles, excavators, mobile craes, mobility scooters ad motorised wheelchairs etc, except where otherwise stated. Also icluded are o motorised vehicles iclude those draw by a aimal, ridde horse, wheelchairs without a motor, street barrows etc, except where otherwise stated. I certai tables other vehicles may also iclude buses ad coaches ad/or goods vehicles, as idicated i a footote. Passegers: Occupats of vehicles, other tha the perso i cotrol (the driver or rider). Icludes pillio passegers. Pedal cycles: Icludes tadems, tricycles ad toy cycles ridde o the carriageway. From 1983 the defiitio icludes a small umber of cycles ad tricycles with battery assistace with a maximum speed of 15 mph. Pedal cyclists: Riders of pedal cycles, icludig ay passegers. Pedestrias: Icludes childre ridig toy cycles o the footway, persos pushig bicycles, pushig or pullig other vehicles or operatig pedestria-cotrolled vehicles, those leadig or herdig aimals, childre i prams or buggies, ad people who alight safely from vehicles ad are subsequetly ijured. Riders: Persos i cotrol of pedal cycles, motorcycles or ridde aimals. Other occupats of these vehicles are passegers. 391

392 Road users: Pedestrias ad vehicle riders, drivers ad passegers. Rural Roads: Major roads ad mior roads outside urba areas ad havig a populatio of less tha 10 thousad. Serious accidet: Oe i which at least oe perso is seriously ijured but o perso (other tha a cofirmed suicide) is killed. Serious ijury: A ijury for which a perso is detaied i hospital as a i-patiet, or ay of the followig ijuries whether or ot they are detaied i hospital: fractures, cocussio, iteral ijuries, crushigs, burs (excludig frictio burs), severe cuts, severe geeral shock requirig medical treatmet ad ijuries causig death 30 or more days after the accidet. A ijured casualty is recorded as seriously or slightly ijured by the police o the basis of iformatio available withi a short time of the accidet. This geerally will ot reflect the results of a medical examiatio, but may be iflueced accordig to whether the casualty is hospitalised or ot. Hospitalisatio procedures will vary regioally. Severity: Of a accidet; the severity of the most severely ijured casualty (either fatal, serious or slight). Of a casualty; killed, seriously ijured or slightly ijured. Slight accidet: Oe i which at least oe perso is slightly ijured but o perso is killed or seriously ijured. Slight ijury: A ijury of a mior character such as a sprai (icludig eck whiplash ijury), bruise or cut which are ot judged to be severe, or slight shock requirig roadside attetio. This defiitio icludes ijuries ot requirig medical treatmet. Speed limits: Permaet speed limits applicable to the roadway. Taxi: Ay vehicle operatig as a hackey carriage, regardless of costructio, ad bearig the appropriate district coucil or local authority hackey carriage plates. Also icludes private hire cars. Users of a vehicle: All occupats, i.e. driver (or rider) ad passegers, icludig persos ijured while boardig or alightig from the vehicle. Urba Roads: Major ad mior roads withi a urba area with a populatio of 10 thousad or more. The defiitio is based o the 1991 Office of the Deputy Prime Miister defiitio of urba settlemets. The urba areas used for tables i bulletis from 2013 are based o 2011 cesus data. Earlier bulletis are based o 2001 cesus data. Vehicles: Vehicles (except taxis) are classified accordig to their structural type ad ot accordig to their employmet or category of licece at the time of a accidet. Vehicles ivolved i accidets: Vehicles whose drivers or passegers are ijured, which hit ad ijure a pedestria or aother vehicle whose driver or passegers are ijured, or which cotributes to the accidet. Vehicles which collide, after the iitial 392

393 accidet which caused ijury, are ot icluded uless they aggravate the degree of ijury or lead to further casualties. Icludes pedal cycles ridde o the footway. 393

394 Symbols ad covetios used Roudig of figures: I tables where figures have bee rouded, there may be a apparet slight discrepacy betwee the sum of the costituet items ad the total as show. Symbols: The followig symbols have bee used throughout: 0 = il or egligible (less tha half the fial digit show)... = ot available/applicable. Coversio factor: 1 mile = kilometres. Billio = Oe thousad millio = 1000,000,000 =

395 Notes to idividual tables A list of the table umbers ca be foud i the idex sheet of all Road Safety Statistics tables RAS10004 The total umber of accidets is classified accordig to the umber of each severity of ijury resultig from them. RAS10006 Raiig icludes drizzle, hail ad sleet ot tedig to build up a deposit. Sowig icludes sleet buildig up a deposit. Fog does ot iclude light mist if it does ot costitute a drivig hazard o the road where the accidet occurred. RAS10008 Carriageway hazards are recorded as such, whether or ot the aimal or object cocered was hit ad whether or ot its presece is kow to have cotributed to the accidet. Other object i carriageway comprises those ot expected to be foud i the carriageway; it does ot iclude permaet features such as a bollard or pedestria refuge. Aimal i carriageway icludes led aimals, but ot ridde horses which are recorded separately o the accidet statistics report. RAS10009 A accidet is cosidered to be at a juctio if it is withi 20 metres of a itersectio or roudabout. Grade separated crossigs (by bridge or uderpass) are ot juctios. Roudabout icludes mii-roudabout juctios, T juctio icludes slip roads joiig dual carriageways. Crossroads icludes oly juctios where the aligmets of both of the roads are uiterrupted, whatever the agle of the crossig, i.e. the arms are ot staggered. If there is more tha oe juctio withi 20 metres of the accidet, the earest is coded. RAS10010 This table oly covers accidets where oe vehicle is ivolved. It does ot cover accidets ivolvig two or more vehicles. RAS10011 I colum 6, other combiatio meas that at least oe of the vehicles ivolved is ot a car. RAS20003 This table shows the umber of vehicles ivolved i fatal, serious, ad slight accidets ad data for other vehicles (i.e. taxis ad miibuses) that usually come withi the defiitio of a car i this publicatio. RAS20005 Although pedal cycles are occasioally reported as havig bee ivolved i accidets o motorways, o attempt is made to estimate cycle traffic o motorways or to calculate correspodig rates. I other cells of the table, the rates are subject to ucertaity because of the small umber of ivolvemets (see RAS20004) ad because the traffic estimates are based o a small umber of coutig poits. RAS20007 Skidded does ot iclude vehicles which also jack-kifed. A vehicle which, as a result of the accidet, was at ay time o its roof, side, frot or rear is recorded as havig overtured, eve though it may have come to rest o its wheels. RAS20008 I all cases the maoeuvres are those beig performed immediately before the accidet. For defiitio of at a juctio see ote to RAS RAS20010 The jourey purpose of aroud three quarters of drivers/riders of ocommercial vehicles is either classified as other or ukow. These two categories caot be separated although chages to the collectio of data may make this possible 395

396 i the future. It is therefore likely that, for example, the umber of work trips is uderreported. RAS30013 The casualty rates for each type of vehicle have bee calculated by dividig the umber of user casualties by the total amout of traffic estimated for the particular type of vehicle. For pedal cyclists, a additioal rate has bee provided, based o the Natioal Travel Survey (NTS). RAS30017 The table gives the umber of casualties i accidets ivolvig differet types of vehicle. As a large proportio of accidets ivolve two or more vehicles, ot ecessarily of the same type, may casualties will be couted i two or more colums of this table. Pedestria casualties are icluded uder each type of vehicle ivolved i the accidet. For example (first row, uder the headig Car ), 249 road users were killed i accidets o built-up A roads i which a car was ivolved. RAS30018 The casualty rates, for a particular type of vehicle, have bee calculated by dividig the umber of user or pedestria casualties by the total amout of traffic estimated for the particular type of vehicle o a particular class of road. RAS30019 This table shows the umber of casualties i fatal, serious, ad slight accidets for each of the road user types listed ad these are further split by drivers or riders ad passegers. RAS30020 Casualty rates are calculated by dividig the umber of casualties of each road user type by the total umber of vehicle miles or kilometres travelled by that vehicle type each moth. I calculatig rates, o allowace has bee made for the umber of persos per vehicle, which may vary from moth to moth. The table shows separate mothly casualties i respect of motorcycles ad passeger car users as distict from the remaider of the car category. Mothly rates are oly possible for the groups show. RAS30027 A zebra crossig has broad black ad white stripes o the road ad orage flashig beacos. A pelica or puffi crossig has lights cotrollig the traffic icludig a flashig amber phase, ad lights cotrollig pedestrias (or pedestrias ad cyclist/horse riders) icludig a flashig gree ma phase. This category also icludes ay crossig with traffic lights which is ot a pelica/puffi/touca crossig but which has a idicator light for pedestrias oly. Light cotrolled juctio (with pedestria phase) is ay crossig with traffic lights at a juctio, with a gree ma phase or other idicator light for pedestrias, this does ot iclude ormal traffic sigals with pedestria stud crossig poits but o special idicator lights for pedestrias. Crossigs with huma cotrol are those cotrolled by school crossig ( lollipop ) patrols ad other authorised persos (police, traffic wardes). RAS30030 This table reports the umber of child casualties which occur durig term time (based o local authority term dates) ad i the hours i which childre may be expected to be makig a jourey to of from school, although the actual reaso for the jourey caot be certai. RAS30035 This table compares the umber of registered road deaths (as published by the Registrars Geeral) with all accidetal deaths ad with deaths from all causes (both of which iclude registered road deaths). Road deaths published by the Registrars Geeral are based o the date of death as opposed to the date of death registratio. 396

397 They differ from the STATS19 figures that are restricted to deaths withi 30 days of a accidet. Year to year fluctuatios occur due to time lags betwee accidet ad death ad registratio of death. RAS30037 See ote to RAS20010 RAS40001 The completeess of reportig for slight ijuries may vary over such a log time period. The reportig rate is especially iflueced by public attitudes about reportig to the police, ad the police awareess of the requiremet to collect a defied log rage of slight ijury accidets. RAS40002 The casualties i colums 3 to 6 are those resultig from the accidets i colum 1. They are classified by severity of ijury suffered by the casualty (colums) ad by the severity of accidet, i.e. of the most severely ijured casualty i the accidet (rows). RAS40003 Provides for each speed limit i commo use, the umber of accidets ad casualties o major roads - motorways (icludig A(M) roads) ad A roads - ad o mior roads. A accidet o a road with ay other limit is icluded with those of the ext higher limit. RAS40004 Colums 1 ad 2 give, for each vehicle type, the umber of accidets i which oly oe such vehicle was ivolved, showig the user casualties ad ay pedestria casualties ivolved; e.g, i the All Areas table, 853 accidets ivolved oly a pedal cycle, givig rise to 856 cyclist casualties (riders ad passegers); a further 461 accidets also ivolved 467 pedestria casualties as well as 132 cyclist casualties. Colums 3 to 10 aalyse two-vehicle accidets accordig to both vehicle types, also givig, by severity of ijury, the casualties for the users of the vehicle class defied o the left (uder vehicle A) ad pedestrias who were (first) hit by vehicles of that class. Thus 16,932 accidets ivolved a pedal cycle ad a car, resultig i 16,847 pedal cyclist casualties ad 23 pedestria casualties hit by the pedal cycle. The car user casualties ad pedestrias hit by cars, i these same accidets, appear i the fourth group of colum 3. Where both vehicles are of the same class, the casualties refer to those derivig from both vehicles, e.g. 41,462 accidets ivolved two cars with 63,272 car occupat casualties, with 807 pedestrias hit by oe or other car. Colum 11 shows the total umber of two vehicle accidets for the vehicle class defied o the left (uder vehicle A). Colum 12 icludes all accidets ivolvig 3 or more vehicles, at least oe of which is of the class o the left (uder vehicle A), together with casualties associated with that class i such accidets; e.g. 659 such accidets ivolved at least oe pedal cycle, with 764 cyclist casualties but with o pedestrias ivolved. Other casualties i these accidets would appear agaist the other vehicle classes cocered. Colum 13 is the sum of colums 1, 2, 11, ad 12. I multi-vehicle accidets, the accidets (but ot casualties) are multi-couted; e.g. the total umber of accidets ivolvig goods vehicles is the sum of ivolvig 13,315 light goods vehicles (LGV) ad 6,389 heavy goods vehicles (HGV) less the 276 accidets which ivolved both a HGV ad a LGV ad less ay of the 3 or more vehicle accidets which ivolved at least oe of each. 397

398 RAS40005 This table shows the umber of vehicles ivolved i accidets ad (where applicable) the umber which were Left Had Drive, the umber of accidets ivolvig these vehicles ad casualties arisig from these accidets. RAS51002 The figures relate to drivers (or riders) of cars, motor vehicles ad motorcycles ivolved i accidets, whether or ot the driver was a casualty. The first lie gives the umber of all such drivers of accidet ivolved vehicles, icludig those who were ot with their vehicles or ot cotacted by the police, as well as cases where ijury or circumstaces would have preveted a breath test. The secod lie gives the umber required to take a breath test ear the place of the accidet, or at a hospital i the case of a casualty admitted there as a patiet, provided the doctor i charge of the patiet has ot objected; it does ot iclude breath tests at a police statio followig a arrest. The fourth lie gives the umber of positive tests, which idicated a breath alcohol cocetratio i excess of 35 micrograms per 100 millilitres of blood, plus the umber of drivers required to provide a breath test who either refused or failed to provide a specime of breath. No accout is take of whether or ot a possible secod breath test, or blood or urie test, cofirmed the results, ad whether or ot a prosecutio followed. RAS51003 ad ras51004 See ote to RAS51002 for the coverage of breath test data. The small umber of breath tests which have bee recorded as carried out o pedal cyclists have bee excluded. RAS52001 Provisioal 2014 fatality ad fatality rates per millio populatio have bee icluded together with 2013 data. Populatio data used for 2014 are ONS 2011 cesus - based populatio estimates. RAS53001 There have bee a umber of small chages due to revisios i road traffic ad rail usage data to this table, but these have had little effect o the comparisos of the differet modes. For rail, the figures i this table have bee sourced from the Rail Safety ad Stadards Board (RSSB). I versios of this table published i previous years they were based o casualties recorded by the Office of Rail Regulatio (ORR) withi a database called SIGNAL. Data from previous years have bee revised to the RSSB figures to provide a cosistet time series. For Maritime, the latest table cotais revisios to various years data betwee 2000 ad For further details see the Aual Report by the Marie Accidet Ivestigatios Brach at For Pedestrias, exposure is calculated usig trip data from the Natioal Travel Survey (NTS) which, from 2013, is based o a Eglad oly residet sample. There is a apparet uder-recordig of short walks i ad i compared to other years. See sectio 1 of Natioal Travel Survey 2008 Bulleti at: For 2011 data, 2010 NTS data is used together with projected 2011 populatio data. Passeger casualty rates give i the table ca be iterpreted as the risk a traveller rus of beig ijured, per billio kilometres travelled. The coverage varies for each mode of travel ad the defiitios of ijuries ad accidets are differet. Thus care should be exercised i drawig comparisos betwee the rates for differet modes. Further iformatio ca be foud i article 7 of RCGB 2007 (page 79). 398

399 s/datatablespublicatios/accidets/casualtiesgbar/roadcasualtiesgreatbritai20071 The table provides iformatio o passeger casualties ad where possible travel by drivers ad other crew i the course of their work has bee excluded. Exceptios are for private joureys ad those i compay owed cars ad vas where drivers are icluded. Figures for all modes of trasport exclude cofirmed suicides ad deaths through atural causes. Figures for air, rail ad water exclude trespassers ad rail excludes attempted suicides. Accidets occurrig i airports, seaports ad railway statios that do ot directly ivolve the mode of trasport cocered are also excluded; for example, ijuries sustaied o escalators or fallig over packages o platforms. The followig defiitios are used: Air: Accidets ivolvig UK registered airlie aircraft i UK ad foreig airspace. Fixed wig ad rotary wig aircraft are icluded but air taxis are excluded. Accidets cover UK airlie aircraft aroud the world ot just i the UK. Rail: Trai accidets ad movemet accidets ivolvig people o board trais or i the act of boardig or alightig from them i Great Britai. These figures oly cover Natioal Rail, ad do ot cover accidets o Eurotuel, Lodo Udergroud, trams, other rail guided systems ad trolley vehicle systems. Water: Figures for travel by water iclude both domestic ad iteratioal passeger carryig services of UK registered merchat vessels. Road: Figures refer to Great Britai ad iclude accidets occurrig o the public highway (icludig footways) i which at least oe road vehicle or a vehicle i collisio with a pedestria is ivolved ad which becomes kow to the police withi 30 days of its occurrece. Figures iclude both public ad private trasport. More iformatio ad aalyses o road accidets ad casualties ca be foud i Part 4: Road traffic, freight, accidets ad motor vehicle offeces. Bus or coach: Figures for work buses are icluded. Car: Icludes taxis, ivalid tricycles, three ad four wheel cars ad miibuses. Prior to 1999 motor caravas were also icluded. Va: Vas maily iclude vehicles of the va type costructed o a car chassis. These are defied as those vehicles ot over 3.5 toes maximum permissible gross vehicle weight. Motorcycles: Mopeds, motor scooters ad two-wheeled motor vehicles (icludig motor cycle combiatios). Pedal cycle: Icludes tadems, tricycles ad toy cycles ridde o the carriageway. Pedestria: Icludes persos ridig toy cycles o the footway, persos pushig bicycles, pushig or pullig other vehicles or operatig pedestria cotrolled vehicles, those leadig or herdig aimals, occupats of prams or wheelchairs, ad people who alight safely from vehicles ad are subsequetly ijured. 399

400 RAS61001 The figures i this table have bee revised from previous versios as the Miistry of Justice data o fidigs of guilt at all courts for motorig offeces are ow published o a priciple offece basis. I cotrast, previous versios of this table cotaied all offeces i.e. pricipal ad secodary. Fidigs of guilt at all courts: Icludes all motorig offeces which have resulted i a fidig of guilt either after a summary trial at Magistrates' Court or else at the Crow Court. The figures relate to persos for whom these offeces were the pricipal offeces for which they were dealt with. Whe a defedat has bee foud guilty of two or more offeces it is the offece for which the heaviest pealty is imposed. Where the same disposal is imposed for two or more offeces, the offece selected is the offece for which the statutory maximum pealty is the most severe. Fixed pealty otices: A large umber of motorig offeces are dealt with by fixed pealty otices. Uder the exteded fixed pealty system itroduced by the Trasport Act 1982, ow icorporated i Part III of the Road Traffic Offeders Act 1988, the police ca issue fixed pealty otices for a wide rage of offeces. The court ca automatically register a upaid otice as a fie without ay court appearace. Writte warigs: These iclude cautios give i lieu of prosecutios for offeces where there would have bee eough evidece to support a prosecutio. Iformal warigs ad advice, whether oral or writte, are ot icluded. Obstructio, waitig ad parkig offeces are dealt with both by fixed pealty otices ad pealty charge otices. Pealty Charge Notices are issued by Local Authorities uder Civil Parkig Eforcemet powers. The fall i fixed pealty otices issued by the police ca be attributed maily to more local authorities issuig Pealty Charge Notices. Further iformatio o decrimialised parkig, icludig data collected from Local Authorities by the Departmet for Trasport ca be foud at: 400

401 Caledar of evets affectig road safety ad traffic : Motor Car Act itroduced drivig liceces. Vehicle brakig requiremets are itroduced for the first time Drivig whilst ufit through drik became a offece. 1927: First automatic traffic light sigals istalled. 1930: Speed limit of 20 mph is abolished for cars ad cycles. PSVs are limited to 30 mph ad maximum workig hours for PSV ad goods vehicle drivers are itroduced. Testig for some drivig liceces is made compulsory. Third party isurace cover becomes ecessary. Miimum drivig age set. Drivig whilst ufit through drugs became a offece. 1931: Highway Code first issued : I built-up areas a speed limit of 30 mph is made compulsory. HGV liceces are itroduced. The first pedestria crossigs appear. Regulatios cocerig vehicle safety glass ad widscree wipers are itroduced. Ivetio of cats eyes reflectig road studs. Compulsory drivig tests itroduced as part of the Road Traffic Act. L plates itroduced : Sigposts removed durig wartime. Drivig tests are suspeded with examiers desigated as Traffic Officers, supervisig fuel ratioig : Wartime lightig restrictios are relaxed ad drivig tests restored i Petrol allowace of 180 miles per moth is permitted : New ati-dazzle regulatios are itroduced. Legislatio cocerig ew lightig ad school crossig patrols are itroduced. Flashig idicators o motor vehicles are legalised. Brakes o pedal cycles are made compulsory. Itroductio of zebra crossigs. New Highway Code features first colour illustratios : Regulatios cocerig parkig without lights i Lodo are itroduced. The maximum legth allowed for vehicles is icreased. Holders of lapsed liceces issued over 10 years previously must retake drivig test to obtai a ew licece. Pealties for drikig ad drivig are exteded to pedal cyclists. Fuel shortages resultig from the Suez crisis i 1956 decrease motor traffic; drivig tests are suspeded durig the crisis. First motorway opeed : Motorway regulatios, ew vehicle lightig regulatios ad double white lies are itroduced. Speed limit of 40 mph itroduced for some roads. Learer motorcyclists are restricted to ridig machies of uder 250 cc. Aual testig of 10 year old cars ad LGVs is itroduced. Itroductio of parkig meters o Lodo streets. Yellow lies deotig waitig restrictios itroduced. Stamore examier traiig school opeed : Testig of all vehicles of 30 cwt ad uder ad more tha 7 years old is made compulsory. A valid test certificate is required to obtai a vehicle licece. Free copies of the Highway Code are circulated. TV car safety campaig You Kow It Makes Sese lauched, ecouragig use of seatbelts. Motorcyclists permitted to ride bikes over 250cc (after passig their test) uder the Road Traffic Act

402 : Itroductio of trial speed limit of 70 mph o motorways ad other previously derestricted roads. First Drik ad Drive publicity campaig : Seat belt fittig is made compulsory for ew cars. It becomes a offece to drive with over 80mg of alcohol per 100ml of blood. Breath tests itroduced. Permaet maximum speed limit of 70 mph itroduced for previously urestricted roads. HGVs baed from the outside lae of motorways : Itroductio of platig ad testig of goods vehicles ad volutary HGV drivig tests - Regulatios o drivers workig hours are itroduced. Test certificate ow required for cars more tha 3 years old. Pelica crossigs are itroduced. First UK bus lae itroduced i Park Lae, Lodo : HGV drivig test ad registratio of drivig istructors becomes compulsory. 16 year olds are limited to ridig mopeds oly. Rear markigs ad log vehicle sigs are made compulsory for HGVs. Zig Zag markigs itroduced at zebra crossigs. Child seatbelt TV campaig Your Seatbelt is their Security is lauched i The followig year sees the itroductio of the Cluk Click Every Trip seatbelt campaig. The Gree Cross Code is lauched to promote child pedestria safety, aimed specifically at childre themselves : Safety helmets are made compulsory for two-wheeled motor vehicle users. Eergy crisis leads to petrol shortages ad large fuel price icreases ad to temporary 50 mph atioal maximum speed limit : Vehicles ow required to be lit whe daylight visibility is seriously reduced. Miimum age of traiee HGV drivers reduced to : Mopeds redefied to 30 mph maximum desig speed. MOT test wideed to iclude widscree wipers ad washers ad exhaust systems Christmas drik drive campaig sloga Thik before you drik before you drive is used by the Brewers ad Licesed Retailers Associatio i later educatio campaigs. 1978: 60 ad 70 mph speed limits are made permaet. New rules o the maximum umber of hours that may be worked by goods vehicle drivers are itroduced. High itesity rear fog lamps become a madatory fitmet to most vehicles maufactured after 1 October 1979 ad used from 1 April : Regulatios are itroduced to help prevet lorries hittig overhead bridges. Code of practice issued o vehicle safety defects (arragemets for recall o ew vehicles foud to be defective). Use of tachograph accepted by Govermet. Start of log-term drik/drivig trackig research : Reform of bus licesig ad removal of advertisig restrictios from private car sharig schemes. Reductio i miimum drivig age of ivalid car drivers to : Two part motorcycle test itroduced. Provisioal motorcycle liceces restricted to two years. Recall code aouced for maufacturers to recall potetially defective motorcycles. Tougher writte examiatio for etrats to drivig istructor registratio scheme. 1983: Seat belt wearig becomes law for drivers ad frot seat passegers. Learer motorcyclists ow oly allowed to ride machies of up to 125 cc. First road hump regulatios made. 402

403 1984: Stiffer drivig tests for etrats of drivig istructor registratio scheme. Tougher iteral checks o tuitio give by qualified drivig istructors. New pedal cycles are required to meet British Stadards. Revised Code of Practice o safety of loads o vehicles is issued. Spray reducig devices required to be fitted to lorries ad trailers. 1985: Both load ad speed performace to be marked o ew car tyres. Regulatios allowig the use of traffic coes, warig lamps, ad triagles i the evet of breakdows come ito force. PSV drivig tests made compulsory. 1986: Uiform costructio stadards to apply to miibuses first used from April Tyres are ow required to support maximum axle weights at a vehicle s maximum speed. Seat belt legislatio is made permaet. White o brow sigs to tourist attractios itroduced. Europea Road Safety Year. 1987: The Secretary of State for Trasport sets a target to achieve a oe third reductio i road accidet casualties by the year All ewly registered cars to be fitted with rear seat belts or child restraits. Use of amber flashig lights o slow movig vehicles is made compulsory. Zig-zag markigs exteded to Pelica crossigs. Closure of 586 emergecy crossig poits o cetral reservatios of motorways. 1988: Close proximity ad wide agle rear view mirrors become a legal requiremet o ew HGVs. All ew cars first used from 1 April must be able to use uleaded petrol. All coaches first used from 1 April 1974 must have 70 mph limiters fitted by 1 April Drivig tests hereafter coducted uder the provisios of the Road Traffic Act : Pealty poits icreased for careless drivig, drivig without isurace, ad failig to stop after or to report a accidet. Accompaied motorcycle testig becomes madatory. Seat belt wearig by rear child passegers becomes law i cars where appropriate restraits have bee fitted ad are available. The Booth Report published, assessig motorcycle accidets i the Metropolita Police area. Motorcycle test revised to iclude radio cotact ad accompaimet by examier. 1990: Compulsory basic traiig for motorcyclists itroduced. Learer motorcyclists baed from carryig pillio passegers. New road hump regulatios. High Risk Offeders Scheme for problem drik-drivers exteded; itroductio of charges for medical examiatio required before retur of licece. New regulatios require those accompayig learer drivers to be at least 21 years old ad to have held a licece for 3 years. Experimetal Red Routes itroduced i Lodo. 1991: First 20mph zoes itroduced. Chevro markigs itroduced o the M1 to help drivers keep a safe distace from the vehicle i frot. First trials of earside pedestria sigal at juctios. First editio of Car ad Driver: Ijury Accidet ad Casualty Rates published givig iformatio o comparative accidet ivolvemet ad ijury risks of popular makes ad models of car. Seat belt wearig by rear adult passegers becomes law i cars where belts are fitted ad available. 1992: Requiremet for a miimum tread depth of 1.6mm itroduced for cars ad light vas. Traffic Calmig Act 1992 receives Royal Asset. Lauch of road safety campaig Kill Your Speed, Not A Child. Govermet issues Killig Speed ad Savig Lives cosultatio paper. Safety helmets made compulsory for child horse riders. Speed eforcemet cameras ad retestig of dagerous drivers itroduced. All ew goods vehicles over 7.5 toes fitted with 403

404 60 mph speed limiters. New emissio requiremets made 3-way catalytic coverters ecessary o virtually all ew petrol-egied cars. 1993: Experimetal scheme begis i the use of rehabilitatio courses for drik/drive offeders. MOT test for cars exteded to iclude checks o mirrors, fuel taks ad pipes, body security, seat ad door security, additioal lightig items, umber plates ad widscree coditio. Cosolidatio of seat belt wearig regulatios. Bus Advace Areas itroduced. Traffic Calmig Regulatios eable highway authorities to itroduce a wider rage of traffic calmig features. 1994: Publicatio of Safer by Desig brochure produced for local coucils to ecourage traffic calmig. Lodo Boroughs take over most parkig eforcemet i the capital. 100th speed camera site established ad 100th 20mph speed limit zoe opeed. Lauch of Elephat rear seat belt ad Kill Your Speed TV publicity campaigs. Major revisio of traffic sigs regulatios itroducig modified system of colour coded directio sigs, simplificatio of yellow lie system of waitig restrictios ad a rage of ew warig ad regulatory sigs. Speed limiter settigs lowered to 65 mph for ew buses ad coaches ad to 56 mph for HGVs. 1995: Publicatio of Road Safety Report Pass Plus scheme itroduced for ew drivers, which ecourages ew drivers to take more lessos by offerig discout o motor isurace. New editio of the Highway Code for youg road users. Speed campaig Do t Look Now icorporates radio commercials for the first time. New editio of Choosig Safety booklet published, givig advice o car safety ad security features. 1996: Drivig theory test itroduced for car ad motorcycle learers (1 July). Latest Kill Your Speed campaig focuses o childre killed ear their homes usig emotive music, poetry ad relatives voices. Child Pedestria Safety i the UK published. Publicatio of advice booklets o the forthcomig requiremet for seat belts i miibuses ad coaches carryig childre. Publicatio of cosultatio documet Targetig the Future which sets out optios for post 2000 casualty targets. 1997: New Zebra, Pelica ad Puffi crossig regulatios itroduced. Road Traffic (New Drivers) Act 1995 comes ito force; withdrawal of licece ad compulsory retestig for ew drivers who accumulate 6 or more pealty poits withi 2 years of passig their drivig test. Writte theory test itroduced for LGV ad PCV drivers. 1998: Trasport white paper A New Deal for Trasport: Better for Everyoe published, promotig public trasport ad safer, more secure trasport systems. Drik-drive rehabilitatio experimet expaded to cover aroud oe-third of courts i Great Britai ad exteded for 2 years to the ed of Publicatio of Combatig Drik-drive: Next Steps cosultatio paper. The Cotiuous Registratio scheme came ito force. From Jauary 1998 it has bee a legal requiremet for the registered keeper of a vehicle to esure that it is, at all times, either licesed or a Statutory off Road Notificatio (SORN) is i force. 1999: Kill your Speed campaig lauched (six weeks: 3.5m). GLA Road Network aouced (220 miles of truk roads ad 105 miles of borough roads). Cycle Smart campaig for child cyclists lauched. First BBC simulcast commercial for 2.6m Milleium Drik-Drive campaig. Chages to practical drivig test itroduced. 2000: The govermet aouced a ew road safety strategy ad casualty reductio targets for the year 2010 i Tomorrows Roads - Safer for Everyoe. A review of speed 404

405 policy was coducted ad reported i New Directios i Speed Maagemet. 1.4b targeted programme of improvemets aouced i A New Deal for Truk Roads i Eglad followig the Roads Review. Natioal Cycle Network officially opeed. Thik! road safety campaig lauched. Eight pilot areas to recover costs of operatig speed ad red light cameras (safety cameras) from fies resultig from eforcemet. 2001: The govermet aouced a 10 millio pilot of road safety schemes for childre i deprived areas. Road Safety Good Practice Guidace published. First atioal campaig lauched for fittig child car seats correctly. Hedgehogs road safety website lauched for childre. Legistratio itroduced that exteds the cost recovery system piloted i 2000 to all areas. A atioal safety camera programme is gradually itroduced. 2002: The govermet seeks views o baig mobile phoes whilst drivig. 6 millio was made available to improve road safety i most deprived cities. A ew motorcycle safety campaig is lauched, as is a campaig urgig parets to check their child s car seat every trip. Dagerous drivig ad the Law report published. 2003: The phased itroductio of the hazard perceptio test ito the theory test was completed. As of 1 December the ew offece of usig a had held mobile phoe while drivig is itroduced. Seatbelt campaig THINK! Wear a seatbelt.you do t get a secod chace features a olie iteractive crash simulator. Radio drik drivig campaig timed to coicide with early morig pub opeig durig Rugby Uio World Cup. Cogestio Chargig itroduced i Lodo. 2004: The first three year review of the Govermet's road safety strategy published. The World Health Orgaisatio dedicated World Health Day to the issue of road safety. The Uited Natios issued a resolutio o global road safety. 2005: Roads Policig Strategy published joitly by Dept for Trasport, Home Office ad Associatio of Chief Police Officers. Publicatio of Govermet s Motorcyclig Strategy, recogisig motorcyclig as a maistream mode of trasport. Distractios campaig, aimed at teeage pedestrias, features Camera Phoe, first TV commercial shot etirely o a mobile video phoe. The police are give the power to seize uisured vehicles beig drive o the road - those which are ot reclaimed may be sold off or crushed. 2006: Road Safety Act passed. The act made provisio for a wide rage of road safety matters icludig: drik drivig, speedig, driver traiig, driver ad vehicle licesig. 2007: New THINK! drik-drive advert lauched, emphasisig the cosequeces of a drikdrive covictio. New crash helmet safety ratig scheme aouced: 'SHARP' - Safety Helmet Assessmet ad Ratig Programme givig a idepedet ratig (from 1 to 5 stars) of how much protectio a helmet ca provide i a impact. The cost recovery system for safety cameras eds. From 1 April cameras to be fuded like other safety measures through the Local Trasport Pla process. 2008: Learig to Drive cosultatio, reformig car driver traiig ad testig, published. Driver Certificate of Professioal Competece (DCPC) was itroduced for bus ad coach drivers. 2009: The Departmet evaluated the safety performace of motorcycle helmets ad published ratigs uder the Safety Helmet Assessmet ad Ratig Programme (SHARP). 405

406 First atioal THINK! campaig about drug drivig lauched. The departmet itroduced Road Casualties Olie to its website, a web based tool which allows members of the public to perform their ow aalysis ad examiatio of Reported Road Accidet Statistics. The two part, modular motorcycle test was itroduced. Driver Certificate of Professioal Competece (DCPC) was itroduced for lorries. 2010: Govermet-commissioed idepedet North Review of drik ad drug drivig published. Specific fudig for safety cameras abolished ad local safety fudig maistreamed. Sigificat chages to practical car tests with idepedet drivig itroduced. Driver Certificate of Professioal Competece (DCPC) was itroduced for lorry drivers. Natioal Driver ad Rider Stadards published. 2011: The Strategic Framework for Road Safety was published, settig out the Govermet s approach to cotiuig to reduce killed ad seriously ijured casualties o Britai s roads. Cotiuous Isurace Eforcemet (CIE) scheme itroduced makig it a offece to keep ay vehicle which has o valid isurace uless a valid Statutory Off Road Notificatio (SORN) declaratio has bee made to the Driver ad Vehicle Licesig Agecy (DVLA). Natioal Driver ad Rider Traiig Stadards published. 2013: I Jauary 2013 the Departmet published revised guidace to local authorities o settig local speed limits. This revisio will help local authorities implemet more cosistet speed limits o local roads ad icorporates recet chages that create more flexibility for authorities to implemet 20mph limits ad zoes. Chages givig the police powers to issue fixed pealty otices for careless or icosiderate drivig have come ito effect o16 August Careless drivers who put other road users at risk by committig offeces such as tailgatig or poor lae disciplie will face o-the-spot pealties. Existig fixed pealty levels for most motorig offeces - icludig usig a mobile phoe at the wheel ad ot wearig a seatbelt - rise to 100, brigig them ito lie with pealties for similar o-motorig fixed pealties. 2014: The car tax disc is beig abolished o 1 October this year after 93 years. 50 Years of Drik Drivig Campaig. See Motage at: New drug drivig laws came ito force. 406

407 MG NSRF/A 1.3 ACCIDENT REFERENCE ACCIDENT STATISTICS *FATAL / SERIOUS / SLIGHT Icidet URN Other ref. Sept TIME H H M M DAY* Su M T W Th F S 1.7 DATE D D M M 2 0 Y Y 1st Road Class & No. 1st Road or (Uclassified - UC) Name (Not Kow - NK) Outside House No. or Name or Marker at juctio with / or metres N S E W * of Post No. 2d Road Class & No. 2d Road or (Uclassified - UC) Name (Not Kow - NK) Tow Sector /Beat No. Couty or Borough Parish No. or Name 1.11 Grid Referece E N 1.10 Local Auth No. (if kow) REPORTING Name OFFICER BCU/St 1.2 Force Tel Number Number 1.5 Number of vehicles 1.20a PEDESTRIAN CROSSING 1.21 LIGHT CONDITIONS - HUMAN CONTROL X 1.6 Number of casualties Daylight: 1 Noe withi 50 metres 0 Darkess: street lights preset ad lit 4 Cotrol by school crossig patrol ROAD TYPE X Darkess: street lights preset but ulit 5 Cotrol by other authorised perso 2 Roudabout 1 Darkess: o street lightig b PEDESTRIAN CROSSING Darkess: street lightig ukow 7 Oe way street 2 - PHYSICAL FACILITIES X Dual carriageway 3 No physical crossig facility withi 50m 0 Sigle carriageway SPECIAL CONDITIONS AT SITE X Zebra crossig 1 Slip road 7 Noe 0 Pelica, puffi, touca or similar o- 4 Ukow 9 Auto traffic sigal out 1 juctio pedestria light crossig Auto traffic sigal partially defective Speed Limit (Permaet) Pedestria phase at traffic sigal 5 juctio 1.16 JUNCTION DETAIL Footbridge or subway 7 Not at or withi 20 metres of juctio 00 Permaet road sigig or markig 3 defective or obscured X Roadworks 4 Cetral refuge o other cotrols 8 Road surface defective 5 Roudabout WEATHER X Mii roudabout 02 Fie without high wids 1 T or staggered juctio 03 Raiig without high wids 2 Oil or diesel 6 Mud 7 Slip road 05 Sowig without high wids CARRIAGEWAY HAZARDS X Crossroads 06 Fie with high wids 4 Noe 0 Juctio more tha four arms (ot RAB) 07 Raiig with high wids 5 Dislodged vehicle load i carriageway 1 Sowig with high wids 6 Usig private drive or etrace 08 Other object i carriageway 2 Fog or mist if hazard 7 Other juctio 09 Ivolvemet with previous accidet 3 Other 8 Pedestria i carriageway - ot ijured 6 Ukow 9 JUNCTION ACCIDENTS ONLY Ay aimal i carriageway 7 (except ridde horse) 1.23 ROAD SURFACE CONDITION 1.17 JUNCTION CONTROL X X Dry 1 Authorised perso 1 Wet / Damp Did a police officer atted the scee Automatic traffic sigal 2 Sow 3 ad obtai the details for this report? X Stop sig 3 Frost / Ice 4 Yes 1 Give way or ucotrolled 4 Flood (surface water over 3cm deep) 5 No 2 Subject to local directios, boxes with a grey backgroud eed ot be completed if already recorded * Circle as appropriate UNCLASSIFIED 407 X

408 MG NSRF/B Sept 2011 VEHICLE RECORD 2.26 VEHICLE REGISTRATION MARK 2.23 BREATH TEST ) VEHICLE 2.11 SKIDDING AND VEHICLE OVERTURNING ) Vehicle 001 Not applicable 0 No skiddig, jack-kifig or 0 Vehicle 002 Positive 1 overturig Vehicle 003 Negative 2 Skidded 1 Not requested 3 Skidded ad overtured 2 Vehicle 004 Refused to provide 4 Jack - kifed 3 Driver ot cotacted at time of col 5 Jack - kifed ad overtured 4 Not provided (medical reasos) 6 Overtured WAS THE VEHICLE VEHICLE LEFT HAND DRIVE ) 2.24 HIT AND RUN ) 2.12 HIT OBJECT IN CARRIAGEWAY ) No 1 Not hit ad ru 0 Noe 00 Yes 2 Hit ad ru 1 Previous accidet / 2.5a TYPE OF VEHICLE ) No-stop vehicle, ot hit 2 Roadworks 02 Parked vehicle SEX OF DRIVER ) Bridge - roof 05 Car 09 Bridge - side 06 Male 1 Taxi / Private hire car 08 Bollard / Refuge 07 Female 2 Va - Goods vehicle 3.5 toes 19 Ope door of vehicle 08 mgw ad uder Not kow 3 Cetral islad of roudabout 09 Goods vehicle over 3.5 toes VEHICLE LOCATION AT TIME OF ACCIDENT Kerb 10 mgw ad uder 7.5 toes mgw RESTRICTED LANE/AWAY FROM MAIN C WAY ) Ay aimal (except ridde horse) 12 Goods vehicle 7.5 toes mgw & over 21 Other object 11 Goods vehicle - ukow weight 98 O mai carriageway ot i 00 restricted lae M/cycle 50cc ad uder 02 Tram / Light rail track VEHICLE LEAVING CARRIAGEWAY ) M/cycle over 50cc ad up to 125cc 03 Bus lae 02 Did ot leave carriageway 0 M/cycle over 125cc ad up to 500cc 04 Busway (ic. guided busway) 03 Left carriageway earside 1 Motorcycle over 500cc 05 Cycle lae (o mai carriageway) 04 Left carriageway earside ad 2 Motorcycle - cc ukow 97 Cycleway or shared use footway 05 rebouded Electric Motorcycle 23 (ot part of mai carriageway) Left carriageway straight ahead 3 Pedal cycle 01 O lay-by / hard shoulder 06 at juctio Bus or coach (17 or more 11 Left carriageway offside oto 4 Eterig lay-by/ hard shoulder 07 passeger seats) cetral reservatio Leavig lay-by / hard shoulder 08 Miibus (8-16 passeger seats) 10 Left carriageway offside oto 5 Footway (pavemet) 09 cetral reserve ad rebouded Agricultural vehicle (iclude 17 diggers etc) Left carriageway offside ad JUNCTION LOCATION OF VEHICLE ) crossed cetral reservatio Ridde horse 16 Mobility scooter 22 Not at or withi 20m of juctio 0 Left carriageway offside 7 Tram / Light rail 18 Approachig juctio or waitig 1 Left carriageway offside ad 8 /parked at juctio approach rebouded Other 1 90 vehicle 2 90 Cleared juctio or waitig/ 2 3 parked at juctio exit FIRST OBJECT HIT OFF CARRIAGEWAY ) 4 90 Leavig roudabout 3 Noe 00 Eterig roudabout 4 Road sig / Traffic sigal TOWING AND ARTICULATION ) Leavig mai road 5 Lamp post 02 Eterig mai road 6 Telegraph pole / Electricity pole 03 No tow or articulatio 0 Eterig from slip road 7 Tree 04 Articulated vehicle 1 Mid juctio o roudabout or 8 Bus stop / Bus shelter 05 Double or multiple trailer 2 o mai road Cetral crash barrier 06 Carava 3 Nearside or offside crash barrier MANOEUVRES ) Sigle trailer 4 Submerged i water (completely) 08 Other tow 5 Reversig 01 Etered ditch 09 Parked 02 Wall or fece AGE OF DRIVER (Estimate if ecessary) Waitig to go ahead but held up 03 Other permaet object 10 Slowig or stoppig 04 Vehicle 001 Vehicle 002 Movig off FIRST POINT OF IMPACT ) U tur 06 Did ot impact 0 Vehicle 003 Vehicle 004 Turig left 07 Frot 1 Waitig to tur left 08 Back DRIVER HOME POSTCODE Turig right 09 Offside 3 or Code: 1- Ukow 2- No UK Waitig to tur right 10 Nearside 4 Residet 3 - Parked & uatteded Chagig lae to left 11 Chagig lae to right JOURNEY PURPOSE OF DRIVER/RIDER ) Vehicle 001 O takig movig veh o its offside 13 Jourey as part of work 1 Vehicle 002 O takig statioary veh o its offside 14 Commutig to / from work 2 Overtakig o earside 15 Takig school pupil to/from school 3 Vehicle 003 Goig ahead left had bed 16 Pupil ridig to / from school 4 Goig ahead right had bed 17 Other 5 Vehicle 004 Goig ahead other 18 Not kow 6 Subject to local directios, boxes with a grey backgroud eed ot be completed if already recorded UNCLASSIFIED 408

409 MG NSRF/C Sept DIRECTION OF VEHICLE TRAVEL Vehicle 001 Vehicle Usig the Example show complete the FROM ad TO boxes for the vehicles FROM TO FROM TO cocered, idicatig directio of travel FROM ad TO 2. If PARKED eter 00 Vehicle 003 FROM TO Vehicle 004 FROM TO EXAMPLE FROM TO 1 3 NW 8 W 7 N 1 SW 6 5 S 2 NE 3 E 4 SE CASUALTY RECORD 3.4 VEHICLE REFERENCE NUMBER 3.7 SEX OF CASUALTY ) CASUALTY 3.20 CYCLE HELMET CASUALTY Eter VEH No. which CASUALTY occupied WORN ) (for pedestrias, code vehicle that struck them first) e.g. 001,002 etc. Male 1 Not a cyclist 0 Female 2 Yes 1 Casualty C asualty No AGE OF CASUALTY (Estimate if ecessary) Casualty 003 C 04 For childre less tha a year eter 00 Not kow 3 0 asualty Casualty 005 C asualty 006 Casualty 001 Casualty CAR PASSENGER (ot driver) ) Casualty 003 Casualty CASUALTY HOME POSTCODE Not a car passeger 0 or Code: 1- Ukow Casualty 005 Casualty No UK Residet Frot seat passeger 1 Rear seat passeger 2 Casualty CASUALTY CLASS ) Casualty 002 Driver/Rider BUS OR COACH PASSENGER ) Veh./pillio Passeger 2 (17 passeger seats or more) Casualty 003 Pedestria 3 Not a bus or coach 0 Casualty SEVERITY OF CASUALTY ) passeger Boardig 1 Casualty 005 Fatal 1 Serious 2 Alightig 2 Casualty 006 Slight 3 Stadig passeger 3 Seated passeger 4 LOCAL STATISTICS PEDESTRIAN CASUALTIES ONLY 3.14 SEAT BELT IN USE ) Not applicable 0 Wor ad ide- 1 pedetly cofirmed Wor but ot ide- 2 pedetly cofirmed Not wor 3 Ukow PEDESTRIAN CASUALTY 3.11 PEDESTRIAN CASUALTY LOCATION ) MOVEMENT ) PEDESTRIAN CASUALTY I carriageway, crossig 01 Crossig from driver s 1 o pedestria crossig DIRECTION ) earside facility Stadig still 0 Crossig from driver s 2 I carriageway, crossig 02 earside-masked by withi zig-zag lies at Northboud 1 parked or statioary veh crossig approach Northeast boud 2 Crossig from driver s 3 I carriageway, crossig 03 Eastboud 3 offside withi zig-zag lies at crossig exit Southeast boud 4 Crossig from driver s 4 I carriageway, crossig 04 Southboud 5 offside-masked by parked or statioary veh elsewhere withi 50m of pedestria crossig Southwest boud 6 I carriageway, statioary 5 Westboud 7 - ot crossig (stadig I carriageway, 05 Northwest boud 8 or playig) crossig elsewhere I carriageway, statioary Ukow 9 O footway or verge 06 -ot crossig (stadig or 6 playig), masked by O refuge, cetral islad 07 or cetral reservatio parked or statioary veh Walkig alog i 7 I cetre of carriageway, PEDESTRIAN ROAD ot o refuge, islad or carriageway-facig traffic MAINTENANCE WORKER ) cetral reservatio Walkig alog i 8 No / ot applicable 0 carriageway-back to I carriageway, ot 09 crossig Yes 1 Ukow or other 10 Not kow 2 traffic Ukow or other 9 Subject to local directios, boxes with a grey backgroud eed ot be completed if already recorded UNCLASSIFIED 409

410 RESTRICTED MG NSRF/D Sept 2011 CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS 1. Select up to six factors from the grid, relevat to the accidet. 2. Factors may be show i ay order, but a idicatio must be give of whether each factor is very likely (A) or possible (B). 3. Oly iclude factors that you cosider cotributed to the accidet. (i.e. do NOT iclude "Poor road surface" uless relevat). 4. More tha oe factor may, if appropriate, be related to the same road user. d Horse Riders) edal Cycles a Driver/Rider Oly (Icludes P Road Eviromet Cotributed Vehicle Defects Ijudicious Actio Driver/ Rider Error or Reactio Impairmet or Distractio Behaviour or Iexperiece Visio Affected by Pedestria Oly (Casualty or Uijured) Special Codes 5. The same factor may be related to more tha oe road user. 6. The participat should be idetified by the relevat vehicle or casualty ref o. (e.g. 001, 002 etc.), preceded by "V" if the factor applies to a vehicle, driver/rider or the road eviromet (e.g. V002), or "C" if the factor relates to a pedestria or passeger casualty (e.g. C001). 7. Eter U000 if the factor relates to a uijured pedestria Slippery road (due to weather) Deposit o road (e.g. oil, mud, chippigs) Poor or defective road surface Suke, raised or slippery ispectio cover Road layout (e.g. bed, hill, arrow carriageway) Temporary road layout (e.g. cotraflow) Tyres illegal, defective or uder-iflated Defective lights or idicators Defective brakes Defective steerig or suspesio Defective or missig mirrors Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle or trailer Aimal or object i carriageway Iadequate or masked sigs or road markigs Defective traffic sigals Traffic calmig (e.g. speed cushios, road humps, chicaes) Followig too close Exceedig speed limit Disobeyed Give Way or Stop sig or markigs Disobeyed automatic traffic sigal Travellig too fast for coditios Cyclist eterig road from pavemet Illegal tur or directio of travel Disobeyed pedestria crossig facility Vehicle travellig alog pavemet Disobeyed double white lies Failed to look properly Failed to judge other perso s path or speed Poor tur or maoeuvre Sudde brakig Swerved Juctio overshoot Juctio restart (movig off at juctio) Failed to sigal or misleadig sigal Too close to cyclist, horse or pedestria Impaired by alcohol Impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Driver usig mobile phoe Fatigue Distractio i vehicle Distractio outside vehicle Illess or disability, metal or physical Careless, reckless or i a hurry Learer or iexperieced driver/rider Aggressive drivig Nervous, ucertai or paic Ufamiliar with model of vehicle Iexperiece of drivig o the left Drivig too slow for coditios or slow vehicle (e.g. tractor) Ucorrected, defective eyesight Rider wearig dark clothig Loss of cotrol Not displayig lights at ight or i poor visibility Statioary or parked vehicle(s) Road layout (e.g. bed, widig road, hill crest) Dazzlig su Rai, sleet, sow or fog Spray from other vehicles Dazzlig headlights Vehicle blid spot Vegetatio Buildigs, road sigs, street furiture Visor or widscree dirty, scratched or frosted etc Failed to look properly Careless, reckless or i a hurry Failed to judge vehicle s path or speed Crossig road masked by statioary or parked vehicle Impaired by alcohol Impaired by drugs (illicit or medicial) Dagerous actio i carriageway (e.g. playig) Wrog use of pedestria crossig facility Pedestria wearig dark clothig at ight Disability or illess, metal or physical *999 Stole vehicle Vehicle i course of crime Factor i the accidet Emergecy vehicle o a call Which participat? (e.g. V001, C001, U000) Very likely (A) or Possible (B) *If 999 Other, give brief details Vehicle door opeed or closed egligetly Other Please specify below 1st 2d 3rd 4th 5th 6th (Note: Oly use if aother factor cotributed to the accidet ad iclude it i the text descriptio of how the accidet occurred) These factors reflect the reportig officer s opiio at the time of reportig ad may ot be the result of extesive ivestigatio RESTRICTED 410

411 Scottish Govermet Trasport Scotlad Trasport Publicatios Scottish Trasport Statistics Trasport ad Travel i Scotlad Reported Road Casualties Scotlad Key Reported Road Casualties Scotlad Available from : Geeral equires o Scottish Trasport Statistics: Trasport Statistics Brach, Trasport Scotlad, Victoria Quay, Ediburgh, EH6 6QQ Phoe: +44 (0) [email protected] Iteret: Welsh Govermet - Llywodraeth Cymru Trasport Publicatios Road Casualties: Wales Welsh Trasport Statistics Other publicatios with trasport topics Digest of Welsh Local Area Statistics Digest of Welsh Statistics Statistics for Assembly Costituecy Areas Digest of Welsh Historical Statistics These publicatios are available from: Cetral Support Uit, Statistical Directorate, Welsh Govermet, Cathays Park, Cathays, Cardiff CF10 3NQ Phoe: +44 (0) [email protected] Iteret: Norther Irelad Trasport Statistics Available from: Cetral Statistics ad Research Brach Clarece Court, Adelaide Street, Belfast BT2 8GB Phoe: +44 (0) [email protected] Iteret: Trasport Statistics Users Group The Trasport Statistics Users Group (TSUG) was set up i 1985 as a result of a iitiative by the Statistics Users Coucil ad the Chartered Istitute for Trasport (ow kow as The Istitute of Logistics ad Trasport). From its iceptio it has had strog liks with the govermet Departmets resposible for trasport. The aims of the group are: To idetify problems i the provisio ad uderstadig of trasport statistics ad to discuss solutios with the resposible authorities. To provide a forum for the exchage of views ad iformatio betwee users ad providers. To ecourage the use of trasport statistics through greater publicity To facilitate a etwork for sharig ideas, iformatio, ad expertise. The group holds regular semiars o topical subjects coected with the provisio ad/or use of trasport statistics. A ewsletter is set to all members about four times a year. Corporate membership of the Group is 50, persoal membership 22.50, ad studet membership 10. For further details please visit or cotact: Heather Ward Departmet Civil, Evirometal, & Geomatic Egieerig UCL Gower Street Lodo WC1E 6BT [email protected] The TSUG also produces a Trasport Yearbook which cotais iformatio o sources from govermetal ad o-govermetal orgaisatios, icludig some Europea sources. The yearbook is supplied free to TSUG members. No-members ca purchase a copy from The Statioery Office (TSO). 411

412 CLIP TRANSPORT STATISTICS Cetral ad Local (Govermet) Iformatio Partership (CLIP) CLIP Trasport Statistics (CLIP-TS) is a sub-group of the Cetral ad Local (Govermet) Iformatio Partership (CLIP), the mai forum for discussio betwee cetral ad local govermet o statistical matters. CLIP-TS comprises of Local Authority represetatives ad represetatives from the Departmet from Trasport. Local Authorities o CLIP-TS represets the Passeger Trasport Authorities, Shire Couties, ad the Uitary Authorities. The group fulfils the followig aims: To act as a forum for cosultatio betwee DfT ad local authorities o ay trasport statistics of iterest to either side that are ot dealt with by other groups; ad o ay gaps i the Departmet's coverage. To act as a poit of cotact betwee local authorities ad DfT o statistical matters of commo cocer, icludig the statistics eeded for the moitorig of Local Trasport Plas, Local Idicators, Regioal ad Local Statistics ad other relevat matters. To review o-goig data collectios o the Sigle Data List o a rollig basis, to idetify data returs or elemets of data returs that are o loger appropriate. Dissemiatio of agedas, miutes ad papers preseted to the group will be through three chaels: Published o the LGA Kowledge Hub by DfT withi two weeks of the ed of the meetig. These ca be accessed here: By DfT iterally to the statistical commuity i the Departmet ad iterested officials i policy ad other aalytical professios By local authority CLIP represetatives to their local cotacts. The Departmet is curretly compilig a correspodece list of local authorities to further dissemiate useful iformatio from the meetigs. Membership of the group: Darre Stillwell (Joit Chair, Buses ad Local Trasport Statistics) Clare Horto (Joit Chair, Staffordshire) Paul Syro (Secretariat, Buses ad Local Trasport Statistics) Joh Cummigs (Secretariat, Buses ad Local Trasport Statistics) Steve Berry (Local Roads, Light Rail ad Cableways) Joh Collis (Local Ecoomics) Will Walker (Local Trasport Fudig & Ivestmet Strategy) Graham Amis (Cambridgeshire) Alistair Baldwi (Hertfordshire) William Bryas (Surrey) Keith Dove (Luto) Gurjit Dulai (Cetro) Tim Harvey (Leeds) Joh Hore (North East Combied Authority) Kristy Littler (Liverpool) Rhiao Mort (Ket) Peter Warre (Nottigham) David Wilby (Trasport for Lodo) Hele Wilkiso (Local Govermet Associatio) Mark Willis (Leicester) For further iformatio cotact: Paul Syro, DfT (Secretary)

413 Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai Reported Road Casualties i Reported Road Casualties i Great Britai: Mai Results 2014 Great Britai: Mai Results Mai 2012 Results 2013 Fatalities Serious ijuries Average per day: , average 1,775 4% sice '13 38, average 22,807 5% sice ' ,713 21,657 = 1 death = 1 serious '00 '05 '13 '14 '00 '05 '13 '14 Slight ijuries Motor traffic Road type 278, average 169,895 6% sice ' % sice '13 fatalities serious 50% 44% 5% 66% 31% 3% 160, slight all 290 billio vehicle miles 73% 22% 5% 72% 24% 5% '00 '05 '13 '14 '00 '05 '13 '14 Further iformatio Notes ad defiitios RAS30: Casualty tables Key o built-up: over built-up: 40 or less motorway: excluded from the totals for built-up/o built-up 40 Fatalities by road user type % chage Other 80 (5%) Car occupat 797 (45%) 2% All fatalities 1,775 12% Pedal cyclist 113 (6%) Pedestria 446 (25%) 2% 4% Motorcyclist 339 (19%) *Other cosists maily of goods vehicle ad bus ad coach occupats Other 11% FURTHER INFORMATION: Media: Public: [email protected] 413

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